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  San Marino  
Flag of San Marino
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  Introduction
  Geography
  People
  Government
  Economy
  Communications
  Transportation
  Military
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In general, information available as of 1 January 2002
was used in the preparation of The World Factbook 2002.


This page was last updated on 19 March 2003


Map of San Marino

Legend: Definition Definition Field Listing Field Listing
   Introduction    San Marino
Background:
Definition Field Listing
The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.
   Geography    San Marino
Location:
Definition Field Listing
Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Geographic coordinates:
Definition Field Listing
43 46 N, 12 25 E
Map references:
Definition Field Listing
Europe
Area:
Definition Field Listing
total: 61.2 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 61.2 sq km
Area - comparative:
Definition Field Listing
about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
Definition Field Listing
total: 39 km
border countries: Italy 39 km
Coastline:
Definition Field Listing
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
Definition Field Listing
none (landlocked)
Climate:
Definition Field Listing
Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Terrain:
Definition Field Listing
rugged mountains
Elevation extremes:
Definition Field Listing
lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
Natural resources:
Definition Field Listing
building stone
Land use:
Definition Field Listing
arable land: 16.67%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 83.33% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land:
Definition Field Listing
NA sq km
Natural hazards:
Definition Field Listing
NA
Environment - current issues:
Definition Field Listing
NA
Environment - international agreements:
Definition Field Listing
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
Geography - note:
Definition Field Listing
landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
   People    San Marino
Population:
Definition Field Listing
27,730 (July 2002 est.)
Age structure:
Definition Field Listing
0-14 years: 16.1% (male 2,300; female 2,161)
15-64 years: 67.5% (male 9,102; female 9,625)
65 years and over: 16.4% (male 1,956; female 2,586) (2002 est.)
Population growth rate:
Definition Field Listing
1.41% (2002 est.)
Birth rate:
Definition Field Listing
10.64 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Death rate:
Definition Field Listing
7.79 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Net migration rate:
Definition Field Listing
11.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Sex ratio:
Definition Field Listing
at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
Definition Field Listing
6.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Definition Field Listing
total population: 81.33 years
female: 85.18 years (2002 est.)
male: 77.79 years
Total fertility rate:
Definition Field Listing
1.3 children born/woman (2002 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Definition Field Listing
NA%
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Definition Field Listing
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Definition Field Listing
NA
Nationality:
Definition Field Listing
noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Sammarinese
Ethnic groups:
Definition Field Listing
Sammarinese, Italian
Religions:
Definition Field Listing
Roman Catholic
Languages:
Definition Field Listing
Italian
Literacy:
Definition Field Listing
definition: age 10 and over can read and write
total population: 96%
male: 97%
female: 95% (1976 est.)
   Government    San Marino
Country name:
Definition Field Listing
conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form: San Marino
local short form: San Marino
local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
Government type:
Definition Field Listing
independent republic
Capital:
Definition Field Listing
San Marino
Administrative divisions:
Definition Field Listing
9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle
Independence:
Definition Field Listing
3 September 301
National holiday:
Definition Field Listing
Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301)
Constitution:
Definition Field Listing
8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution
Legal system:
Definition Field Listing
based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
Definition Field Listing
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Definition Field Listing
chief of state: cochiefs of state Captain Regent Giuseppe Maria MORGANTI and Captain Regent Mauro CHIARUZZI (for the period 1 October 2002-31 March 2003)
elections: cochiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA September 2002 (next to be held NA April 2003); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 17 December 2002 (next to be held NA June 2007)
note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are ten secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some of the prerogatives of a prime minister
election results: Giuseppe Maria MORGANTI and Mauro CHIARUZZI reelected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA%; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - 40%
cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 17 December 2002)
Legislative branch:
Definition Field Listing
unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 10 June 2001 (next to be held by June 2006)
election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 41.4%, PSS 24.2%, PD 20.8%, APDS 8.2%, RC 3.4%, AN 1.9%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 15, PD 12, APDS 5, RC 2, AN 1
Judicial branch:
Definition Field Listing
Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII
Political parties and leaders:
Definition Field Listing
Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [leader NA]; Party of Democrats or PD [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Romeo RIORRI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Augusto CASALI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Definition Field Listing
NA
International organization participation:
Definition Field Listing
CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Definition Field Listing
San Marino does not have an embassy in the US
honorary consulate(s) general: Washington, DC and New York
honorary consulate(s): Detroit and Honolulu
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Definition Field Listing
the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino
Flag description:
Definition Field Listing
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)
   Economy    San Marino
Economy - overview:
Definition Field Listing
The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2000 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food.
GDP:
Definition Field Listing
purchasing power parity - $940 million (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Definition Field Listing
7.5% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita:
Definition Field Listing
purchasing power parity - $34,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
Definition Field Listing
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%
Population below poverty line:
Definition Field Listing
NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Definition Field Listing
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Definition Field Listing
3.3% (2001)
Labor force:
Definition Field Listing
18,500 (1999) (1999)
Labor force - by occupation:
Definition Field Listing
services 57%, industry 42%, agriculture 1% (2000 est.)
Unemployment rate:
Definition Field Listing
2.6% (2001)
Budget:
Definition Field Listing
revenues: $400 million
expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Industries:
Definition Field Listing
tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Industrial production growth rate:
Definition Field Listing
6% (1997 est.)
Electricity - production:
Definition Field Listing
0 kWh
Electricity - production by source:
Definition Field Listing
fossil fuel: NA%
other: NA%
nuclear: NA%
hydro: NA%
Electricity - consumption:
Definition Field Listing
184.5 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports:
Definition Field Listing
0 kWh
note: electric power supplied by Italy (1999)
Electricity - imports:
Definition Field Listing
185 kWh
note: electricity supplied by Italy (2000)
Agriculture - products:
Definition Field Listing
wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
Exports:
Definition Field Listing
trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Exports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing
building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics
Imports:
Definition Field Listing
trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Imports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing
wide variety of consumer manufactures, food
Debt - external:
Definition Field Listing
$NA
Economic aid - recipient:
Definition Field Listing
$NA
Currency:
Definition Field Listing
euro (EUR); Italian lira (ITL)
Currency code:
Definition Field Listing
EUR; ITL
Exchange rates:
Definition Field Listing
euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); Italian lire per US dollar - 1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997)
Fiscal year:
Definition Field Listing
calendar year
   Communications    San Marino
Telephones - main lines in use:
Definition Field Listing
18,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Definition Field Listing
3,010 (1998)
Telephone system:
Definition Field Listing
general assessment: adequate connections
domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system
international: connected to Italian international network
Radio broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing
AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios:
Definition Field Listing
16,000 (1997)
Television broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing
1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997)
Televisions:
Definition Field Listing
9,000 (1997)
Internet country code:
Definition Field Listing
.sm
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
Definition Field Listing
2 (2000)
Internet users:
Definition Field Listing
NA
   Transportation    San Marino
Railways:
Definition Field Listing
0 km; note - there is a 1.5-km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore
Highways:
Definition Field Listing
total: 220 km
paved: 220 km
unpaved: 0 km (2001)
Waterways:
Definition Field Listing
none
Ports and harbors:
Definition Field Listing
none
Airports:
Definition Field Listing
none (2001)
   Military    San Marino
Military branches:
Definition Field Listing
Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar), Gendarmerie; note - the Voluntary Military Force performs ceremonial duties and limited police assistance
Military expenditures - dollar figure:
Definition Field Listing
$700,000 (FY00/01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
Definition Field Listing
NA%
   Transnational Issues    San Marino
Disputes - international:
Definition Field Listing
none

This page was last updated on 19 March 2003


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