Nordic FAQ - 4 of 7 - FINLAND

        A Frequently Answered Questions (FAQ) file for the newsgroup
                    S O C . C U L T U R E . N O R D I C
                          *** PART 4: FINLAND ***
                                      
   
    Index
                  4.1
                         Fact Sheet
                  4.2
                         General information
                  4.2.1
                         Geography, climate, vegetation
                  4.2.2
                         Economy
                  4.2.3
                         Population
                  4.2.4
                         Who is a Finn?
                  4.2.5
                         The Finnish language
                  4.2.6
                         Culture
                  4.2.7
                         Government
                  4.2.8
                         School system
                  4.3
                         History
                  4.3.1
                         A chronology of important dates
                  4.3.2
                         A list of Grand Dukes and presidents of Finland
                  4.3.3
                         @ Viking times and before that
                  4.3.4
                         @ Finland in the Swedish realm
                  4.3.5
                         @ Finland as a Russian Grand Duchy
                  4.3.6
                         @ The independence of Finland
                  4.3.7
                           !  Wars with the Soviet Union
                  4.3.8
                           !  Finland after the wars
                  4.4
                         The Finnish parliament, government and political
                         parties
                  4.4.1
                         The political parties
                  4.4.2
                         The 1995 general elections
                  4.4.3
                         The present cabinet
                  4.5
                         Main tourist attractions
                  4.5.1
                         Helsinki
                  4.5.2
                         Turku
                  4.5.3
                         Tampere
                  4.5.4
                         Jyväskylä
                  4.5.5
                         Porvoo
                  4.5.6
                         Other places of interest
                  4.6
                         The Finnish sauna
                  4.7
                         Finnish literature
                  4.8
                         Books for learning Finnish
                  4.8.1
                         Grammars, Primers, Phrase Books.
                  4.8.2
                         Dictionaries
                  4.8.3
                         Readers
                  4.8.4
                         Materials for Teaching Finnish
                  4.8.5
                         Miscellaneous
                  4.8.6
                         Course Details
                  4.8.7
                         Acknowledgements
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   
   
Subject: 4.1 Fact Sheet

Name:  Suomen Tasavalta / Republiken Finland [ Fi / Sw ]

Telephone country code:   358

Area:  338,127 km² / 130,125 sq mi

Terrain:  mostly low, flat to rolling plains interspersed with lakes and
          low hills; fjells and some mountains in the extreme northwest

Highest mountain:  Haltiatunturi (1,328 m).

Natural resources:  timber, copper, zinc, iron ore, silver

Land boundaries:  Russia, Sweden, Norway

Population:  5,147,000 [year-end 1997]

Population density:  15.1 persons per km²

Distribution:  65% in urban, 35% in rural municipalities. [1996]

Life expectancy:  women 80, men 72. [1992]

Infant mortality:  6 per 1,000 live births. [1992]

Capital:  Helsinki/Helsingfors (pop. 532,053), metropolitan area ca 1 mill.

Other major towns:  Tampere/Tammerfors (186,026),
                    Turku/Åbo (166,929)
                    Espoo/Esbo (196,260)[a suburb to Helsinki]
                    Vantaa/Vanda (168,778) [a suburb to Helsinki]
                    Oulu/Uleåborg (111,556)  [year-end, 1996]
                    (note: many places in Finland have
                    two names, Finnish and Swedish)

Flag:  a blue Nordic cross on white background.

Type:  Republic

Head of state:  President Martti Ahtisaari

Languages:  Finnish (92.7 %),
            Swedish (5.7 %) (both official),
            small Sámi and Romani minorities.

Currency:  markka (Finnish mark, FIM).
           for the current exchange rate,
           see the URL <http://www.dna.lth.se/cgi-bin/kurt/rates>


Climate:  cold temperate. Gulf stream warms up parts of the country,
          Lapland is sub-arctic. Average temp. in Helsinki:
           -9°C - -4°C in Feb., 12°C - 22°C in July.

Religion:  Evangelic-Lutheran (84%),
           Greek Orthodox (1%) (both churches are official state-churches)

Exports:  paper, metal, machinery, ships, timber, textiles, chemicals, electron
ics, furniture
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