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Motif FAQ (Part 3 of 9)

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Archive-name: motif-faq/part3
Last-modified: 1 FEB 2002
Posting-Frequency: irregular
Organization: Kenton Lee, X/Motif Consultant, http://www.rahul.net/kenton/
URL: http://www.rahul.net/kenton/mfaq.html
Version: 8.1

See reader questions & answers on this topic! - Help others by sharing your knowledge

Subject: 40) How does Motif work with X11R5? Answer: Motif 1.1.X is only intended to be built with X11R4. Motif 1.2.X is for X11R5. however, Motif 1.1.4 has been set to also work with X11R5. For Motif 1.1.1, 1.1.2 and 1.1.3 you will need to compile Xlib and Xt with a MOTIFBC flag set to YES (page 8, section 3.3 of the R5 release notes), or you'll also have a link problem (LowerCase) and a fatal run time problem (XContext manager). If your applications come up with "Unknown keysym name: osfActivate" errors, check the variable ProjectRoot. The name /$PROJECTROOT/lib/XKeysymDB will have been wired into your Xlib. In Motif 1.1.0, XtCallCallback uses NULL as the first argument instead of a widget ID. This was ok under R4, but must be changed in the source for R5. It was changed by OSF from Motif 1.1.1 onward. Mrm won't work at all (can't link since it uses an X private variable that has disappeared in R5). There is an MIT patch that may fix this??
Subject: 41) Where can I find X technical info on the WWW? [Last modified: Mar 96] Answer: Technical X Window System and OSF/Motif WWW sites http://www.rahul.net/kenton/xsites.html This web site currently lists over 700 X Window System links, including technical papers, tutorials, FAQs, product reviews, etc.
Subject: 42) What is Broadway? I've heard it called "X on the Web". [Last modified: Jun 98] Answer: Broadway was the X Consortium's internal code name for the X11R6.3 release. It includes a collection of X-based technologies for the World Wide Web. For details, see: http://www.camb.opengroup.org/tech/desktop/x/broadway.htm And if you're wondering. "Why did they call it Broadway?", the X Consortium was located at 201 Broadway, Cambridge, MA.... ksall@cen.com
Subject: 43) Where's an HTML version of the Motif FAQ on World Wide Web (WWW)? [Last modified: Feb 95] Answer: An automatically generated HTML version of this Motif FAQ can be found at WWW URL: http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/motif-faq/top.html For a searchable version of the Motif FAQ and other FAQs (via WAIS), see: http://www.cs.ruu.nl/cgi-bin/faqwais The WAIS search is great way to find a topic which may appear in several FAQs (Motif, X, Xt, Widget FAQ, etc.)
Subject: 44) Where can I get the HTML widget used in Mosaic? [Last modified: Mar 96] Answer: Thanks to Matthew Freedman (mattf@cac.washington.edu) and intasoft@cix.compulink.co.u for updates to the URLs mentioned in this answer. Ken Sall (ksall@cen.com) writes: The HTML (HyperText Markup Language) widget is part of the NCSA Mosaic source code available from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu. Look in the "libhtmlw" subdirectory of the "Mosaic-src-*" subdirectory of: ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Mosaic/Unix/source/ or, more generally, look for the files HTML.c, HTML.h, HTMLP.h, etc. in your "libhtmlw" subdirectory of the Mosaic source. For (old) documentation, see http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Software/Mosaic/Docs/htmlwidget.html. However, Matthew M. Freedman (mattf@cac.washington.edu) pointed out the document is out of date: "One important thing to know is that the on-line documentation for the Mosaic html widget is out of synch with the source code. I e-mailed NCSA about this in May, but they seem to have ignored the report. The one that I wasted half a day because of is HTMLSetText(). The on-line docs list four arguments, but in fact there are seven. I have no idea what the extra three undocumented parameters are used for, I just plugged in NULL's and it works. The other error I noticed is that they document a "page" field in WbAnchorCallbackData, but it does not actually exist. Also, at least for me, after I call HTMLSetText() the first time, the widget remains blank. I have to lower and raise the window for it to be drawn. Anybody know what is wrong? I guess will probably just spoof an expose in my code." For information on using Mosaic by remote control, see http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Software/XMosaic/CCI/cci-spec.html and http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Software/Mosaic/Docs/remote-control.html Here are more details from ah627@FreeNet.Carleton.CA (Samuel Effah): To the numerous request for the NCSA HTML widget information. Everything not already copyrighted by CERN is copyrighted by NCSA (including the contents of the libhtmlw, libnet, libXmx, and src directories, but not including the contents of libdtm, which is entirely public domain). ... * The UI grants you (hereafter, Licensee) a license to use the Software * * for academic, research and internal business purposes only, without a * * fee. Licensee may distribute the binary and source code (if released) * * to third parties provided that the copyright notice and this statement * * appears on all copies and that no charge is associated with such * * copies. * * * ( you can read more about the copyright in the Mosaic source code ). Documentation on the HTML widget can be located at: http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Software/Mosaic/Docs/htmlwidget.html ( it's on the older version, I think Mosaic1.x ) For starters, you can compile directory Mosaic2.4/libhtmlw for the widget. Using: To create widget: htlmWid = XtCreateManagedWidget( "htlmWid", htmlWidgetClass, parent, htlmArgs, XtNumber( htlmArgs )); Callback for anchors: XtAddCallback(htlmWid, WbNanchorCallback, htmlRef, NULL); where htmlRef() looks like: static void htmlRef(widget, client_data, call_data) Widget widget; XtPointer client_data; WbAnchorCallbackData* call_data; { buffer = readHTMLFile( call_data->href ); XtVaSetValues( widget, WbNtext, buffer, NULL ); } where readHTMLFile() is char * readHTMLFile( in_file ) char *in_flie; { /* function to read a file and return its content, given the file's name */ } I think this is enough to start you off. Thanks to: Samuel Effah
Subject: 45)* What widgets does Netscape use for its bookmarks list and preference panels? [Last modified: Jan 02] Answer: Netscape uses the Microline widget set. Microline was purchased by Neuron Data (http://www.neurondata.com/), but they no longer sell the Microline widget set. Some of the Microline widgets are available in the Mozilla source code: http://lxr.mozilla.org/classic/source/cmd/xfe/Microline3.0/ Ken Lee, http://www.rahul.net/kenton/
Subject: 46) TOPIC: BOOKS and JOURNALS
Subject: 47) Is there a Motif tutorial? Xt tutorial? X11 tutorial? [Last modified: Nov 96] Answer: For the most up-to-date links to Motif/X11/Xt tutorials, see: http://www.rahul.net/kenton/xsites.html#Xtutorials On-line X programming tutorials (Kenton Lee's multi-lingual links) See http://www.cm.cf.ac.uk/Dave/X_lecture/X_lecture.html for a hypertext Motif tutorial (by David Marshall) with source code and illustrations. Marshall Brain at brain@adm.csc.ncsu.edu posted a set of simple and useful Motif tutorials at http://www.iftech.com/ . Jan Borchers <borchers@stanford.edu> writes about his Xmtutor: "Xmtutor" is an interactive tutorial teaching you how to write Motif applications. While it comes with a complete printable book file, its key component is the online version of the tutorial: It's a Motif application itself, and its examples are actual running Motif applications. You can modify their resource settings from within the tutorial, and then play with them to see how their interface reacts. For the free version, screen shots, registration, and more information check out the Xmtutor home page at: http://www.stanford.edu/~borchers/xmtutor/ More on-line Motif tutorials and technical papers are listed on my web site: http://www.rahul.net/kenton/
Subject: 48) What books are available for Motif application programmers? [Last modified: Mar 98] Answer: NOTE: This subject is impossible to keep meaningfully up to date and has been deleted.
Subject: 49) What relevant journals are available? [Last modified: Jun 98] Answer: In October, 1997, ICS has launched The Motif Zone at http://www.motifzone.com/ This web site contains a Motif reference section and an on-line magazine called *The Motif Developer*. Several other Motif-oriented magazines have existed in the past, but are ceased publishing. Their back issues are still very interesting, though. Back issues of the print magazines may be available from their publishers or at better technical libraries. Back issues of "The X Advisor" are no longer on line. "The X Journal" was published bimonthly by SIGS Publications, +1-212-274-0640. "The X Resource: A Practical Journal of the X Window System" was published quarterly by O'Reilly and Associates, +1-800-998-9938.
Subject: 50) TOPIC: MWM and the SHELL WIDGET
Subject: 51) What is the difference between Motif and mwm? Answer: mwm is a window manager. Motif itself is made up of four parts: a User Interface Style Guide, an API toolkit of `C' routines which helps in the building of applications which conform to the style guide, the window manager mwm, and a language UIL which is designed to ease user interface development. In general mwm will run any application built with any X Window System API, and in general an application built using the Motif toolkit will run under any window manager.
Subject: 52) Does anyone have an alternative set of 3-D defaults for a monochrome screen? Answer: This is obviously a matter of taste. Some alternatives suggested include !Benjamin Schreiber, bs@osf.osf.org, bs@cs.brandeis.edu Mwm*foreground: black ! Actually, when a window is Mwm*background: white ! deactivated, the background Mwm*backgroundPixmap: 50_foreground ! becomes white, insted of Mwm*topShadowPixmap: white ! 50% foreground (grey) Mwm*activeForeground: black Mwm*activeBackground: white Mwm*activeBackgroundPixmap: 50_foreground Mwm*activeTopShadowPixmap: white Mwm*menu*backgroundPixmap: background Mwm*menu*topShadowPixmap: 50_foreground Mwm*title*foreground: black Mwm*title*background: white Mwm*title*backgroundPixmap: white Mwm*title*topShadowPixmap: 50_foreground Mwm*title*activeForeground: white Mwm*title*activeBackground: black Mwm*title*activeBackgroundPixmap: black Mwm*title*activeBottomShadowPixmap: 50_foreground Mwm*feedback*backgroundPixmap: white or ! From: tsang@isi.com (Kam C. Tsang) Mwm*background: White Mwm*activeBackground: White Mwm*activeBackgroundPixmap: 25_foreground Mwm*foreground: Black Mwm*activeForeground: Black Mwm*menu*background: white Mwm*menu*foreground: black xterm*Foreground: black xterm*Background: white or ! From: ucsd.edu!usc!snorkelwacker!paperboy!yee (Michael K. Yee) Mwm*cleanText: True Mwm*activeBackground: white Mwm*activeForeground: black Mwm*background: white Mwm*foreground: black Mwm*client*activeBackgroundPixmap: 50_foreground Mwm*client*activeTopShadowPixmap: foreground Mwm*client*activeBottomShadowPixmap: background !Mwm*client*background: white !Mwm*client*foreground: black Mwm*client*backgroundPixmap: 75_foreground Mwm*client*topShadowPixmap: foreground Mwm*client*bottomShadowPixmap: background !Mwm*feedback*background: white !Mwm*feedback*foreground: black Mwm*feedback*backgroundPixmap: 50_foreground !Mwm*feedback*topShadowPixmap: 25_foreground !Mwm*feedback*bottomShadowPixmap: background !Mwm*menu*background: white !Mwm*menu*foreground: black Mwm*menu*backgroundPixmap: foreground !Mwm*menu*topShadowPixmap: foreground !Mwm*menu*bottomShadowPixmap: background !Mwm*icon*background: white !Mwm*icon*foreground: black Mwm*icon*activeBackgroundPixmap: 50_foreground Mwm*icon*activeBottomShadowPixmap: foreground Mwm*icon*backgroundPixmap: 75_foreground
Subject: 53) What are some useful mwm resources I can control? [Last modified: Sept 95] Answer: Ken Sall (ksall@cen.com) writes: The following are described in the mwm(1) man page: clientAutoPlace (class ClientAutoPlace) focusAutoRaise (class FocusAutoRaise) interactivePlacement (class InteractivePlacement) positionIsFrame (class PositionIsFrame) positionOnScreen (class PositionOnScreen) useIconBox (class UseIconBox)
Subject: 54) How can I configure mwm, such as changing or adding to root menus? [Last modified: Oct 95] Answer: Read the mwm(1) man page which describes how to configure mwm using the .mwmrc file. The default location of the system-wide version of this file is /usr/lib/X11/system.mwmrc. You can override settings in the global file by creating your own $HOME/.mwmrc.
Subject: 55) How can my program determine which window manager is running? [Last modified: Nov 97] Answer: Each window manager has its own signature, but unfortunately there is no standard query mechanism. Motif provides XmIsMotifWMRunning() to test for mwm.
Subject: 56) How can I modify the mwm's window decorations with a resource file? [Last modified: Dec 97] Answer: Set mwm's client resource "clientDecoration" for your particular application. For example, Mwm*XClock.clientDecoration: none turns off all clock decorations. See the mwm man page for other options and other mwm client resources.
Subject: 57) How can I programatically modify the mwm's window decorations? [Last modified: July 95] Answer: Programmatically, set the VendorShell resource XmNmwmDecorations to 0, such as: #include <Xm/MwmUtil.h> /* see MWM_DECOR_* and MWM_FUNC_* */ #include <Xm/DialogS.h> popupShell = XtVaCreatePopupShell( "PopupShell", xmDialogShellWidgetClass, toplevel, XmNmwmDecorations, 0, NULL ); With the 0, you have no decorations at all, but if you want just a little frame, use MWM_DECOR_BORDER instead. Thanks to Guillaume.Gallais@asm.thomson.fr for the code fragment and pointing out that there is no MWM_DECOR_NONE. Reinhard M. Weiss (weissrm@execpc.com) also pointed out that MWM_DECOR_NONE was fictitious. He also added: "I have found that the resource XtNoverrideRedirect does cause the olwm to remove all decorations (my guess is that it would work in mwm roughly the same). This works programmatically as well as in resource files (i.e. *.className*overrideRedirect: true). There are some undesirable effects to this, however, particularly with focus and managing dialogs and popups."
Subject: 58) Is there an ICCCM compliant way of setting window manager decorations? Answer: Tom LaStrange (toml@LaStrange.COM) writes: "No, there is no ICCCM portable way to alter decorations."
Subject: 59) How can I put decorations on transient windows using olwm? Answer: This code is from Jean-Philippe Martin-Flatin <syj@ecmwf.int>: /********************************************************************** ** WindowDecorations.c ** ** Manages window decorations under the OpenLook window manager (OLWM). ** ** Adapted from a C++ program posted to comp.windows.x.motif by: ** ** +--------------------------------------------------------------+ ** | Ron Edmark User Interface Group | ** | Tel: (408) 980-1500 x282 Integrated Systems, Inc. | ** | Internet: edmark@isi.com 3260 Jay St. | ** | Voice mail: (408) 980-1590 x282 Santa Clara, CA 95054 | ** +--------------------------------------------------------------+ ***********************************************************************/ #include <X11/X.h> #include <X11/Xlib.h> #include <X11/Xatom.h> #include <X11/Intrinsic.h> #include <X11/StringDefs.h> #include <X11/Protocols.h> #include <Xm/Xm.h> #include <Xm/AtomMgr.h> /* ** Decorations for OpenLook: ** The caller can OR different mask options to change the frame decoration. */ #define OLWM_Header (long)(1<<0) #define OLWM_Resize (long)(1<<1) #define OLWM_Close (long)(1<<2) /* ** Prototypes */ static void InstallOLWMAtoms (Widget w); static void AddOLWMDialogFrame(Widget widget, long decorationMask); /* ** Global variables */ static Atom AtomWinAttr; static Atom AtomWTOther; static Atom AtomDecor; static Atom AtomResize; static Atom AtomHeader; static Atom AtomClose; static int not_installed_yet = TRUE; static void InstallOLWMAtoms(Widget w) { AtomWinAttr = XInternAtom(XtDisplay(w), "_OL_WIN_ATTR" , FALSE); AtomWTOther = XInternAtom(XtDisplay(w), "_OL_WT_OTHER", FALSE); AtomDecor = XInternAtom(XtDisplay(w), "_OL_DECOR_ADD", FALSE); AtomResize = XInternAtom(XtDisplay(w), "_OL_DECOR_RESIZE", FALSE); AtomHeader = XInternAtom(XtDisplay(w), "_OL_DECOR_HEADER", FALSE); AtomClose = XInternAtom(XtDisplay(w), "_OL_DECOR_CLOSE", FALSE); not_installed_yet = FALSE; } static void AddOLWMDialogFrame(Widget widget, long decorationMask) { Atom winAttrs[2]; Atom winDecor[3]; Widget shell = widget; Window win; int numberOfDecorations = 0; /* ** Make sure atoms for OpenLook are installed only once */ if (not_installed_yet) InstallOLWMAtoms(widget); while (!XtIsShell(shell)) shell = XtParent(shell); win = XtWindow(shell); /* ** Tell Open Look that our window is not one of the standard OLWM window ** types. See OLIT Widget Set Programmer's Guide pp.70-73. */ winAttrs[0] = AtomWTOther; XChangeProperty(XtDisplay(shell), win, AtomWinAttr, XA_ATOM, 32, PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)winAttrs, 1); /* ** Tell Open Look to add some decorations to our window */ numberOfDecorations = 0; if (decorationMask & OLWM_Header) winDecor[numberOfDecorations++] = AtomHeader; if (decorationMask & OLWM_Resize) winDecor[numberOfDecorations++] = AtomResize; if (decorationMask & OLWM_Close) { winDecor[numberOfDecorations++] = AtomClose; /* ** If the close button is specified, the header must be ** specified. If the header bit is not set, set it. */ if (!(decorationMask & OLWM_Header)) winDecor[numberOfDecorations++] = AtomHeader; } XChangeProperty(XtDisplay(shell), win, AtomDecor, XA_ATOM, 32, PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)winDecor, numberOfDecorations); } /* ** Example of use of AddOLWMDialogFrame, with a bit of extra stuff */ void register_dialog_to_WM(Widget shell, XtCallbackProc Cbk_func) { Atom atom; /* ** Alias the "Close" item in system menu attached to dialog shell ** to the activate callback of "Exit" in the menubar */ if (Cbk_func) { atom = XmInternAtom(XtDisplay(shell),"WM_DELETE_WINDOW",TRUE); XmAddWMProtocolCallback(shell,atom, Cbk_func,NULL); } /* ** If Motif is the window manager, skip OpenLook specific stuff */ if (XmIsMotifWMRunning(shell)) return; /* ** Register dialog shell to OpenLook. ** ** WARNING: on some systems, adding the "Close" button allows the title ** to be properly centered in the title bar. On others, activating ** "Close" crashes OpenLook. The reason is not clear yet, but it seems ** the first case occurs with OpenWindows 2 while the second occurs with ** Openwindows 3. Thus, comment out one of the two following lines as ** suitable for your site, and send e-mail to syj@ecmwf.int if you ** find out what is going on ! */ AddOLWMDialogFrame(shell,(OLWM_Header | OLWM_Resize)); /* AddOLWMDialogFrame(shell,(OLWM_Header | OLWM_Resize | OLWM_Close)); */ }
Subject: 60) How can I turn off the Motif window manager functions from the system menu? [Last modified: October 92] Answer: The user of an application can control functions in the system menu for an application using the mwm resource clientFunctions: mwm.application_name.clientFunctions: -resize -close Note that mwm will have to be restarted after putting this in their resource database. Answer: The writer of an application can only remove items. Be warned that your users will probably gnash their teeth, swear furiously at your product and stop using it if they discover that you have done this. (Especially if you have removed the Close button, your application has hung and it has taken up all of memory and swap so it can't be killed.) Much better is to catch the action gracefully as in the next question. #include <Xm/MwmUtil.h> XtVaGetValues(shell, XmNmwmFunctions, &int_val, NULL); int_val &= ~(MWM_FUNC_CLOSE | MWM_FUNC_ALL); XtVaSetValues(shell, XmNmwmFunctions, int_val, NULL);
Subject: 61) How can I create a multi-colored window manager icon? [Last modified: Oct 95] Answer: The only portable way to do this is with icon windows. The WMShell widget supports icon windows with its XmNiconWindow resource. Set this to a window that your application has created. The window could be the XtWindow() of a realized shell widget. The window must be created with the default visual and colormap of its screen. Other requirements on icon windows are specified in section 4.1.9 of the X11R6 ICCCM. Note that some window managers provide alternate techniques for creating color icons; none of these are standard or portable. Ken Lee
Subject: 62) How can I keep my shell windows fixed in size? [Last modified: Apr 95] Answer: In addition to the decoration controls mentioned in the previous few subjects of this FAQ, you can also specify size hints for your shell widget's windows with these resources: XmNminWidth, XmNmaxWidth, XmNminHeight, XmNmaxHeight. If you set the min and max values to the same size, most window managers will not allow the user to resize the window. Ken Lee
Subject: 63) Why is XtGetValues of XmNx and XmNy of my toplevel shell wrong? [Last modified: Oct 95] Answer: [Note: This answer is borrowed from the Xt FAQ, ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/faqs/FAQ-Xt, devoted to X Toolkit Intrinsics.] XmNx and XmNy are the coordinates relative to your shell's parent window, which is usually a window manager's frame window. To translate to the root coordinate space, use XtTranslateCoords().
Subject: 64) How do I get XmNx and XmNy positions to be honored correctly? [Last modified: Nov 96] Answer: One answer is to pass the right hints to the window manager, perhaps using XSetWMNormalHints. Another approach comes from Shane Burgess (shane@radionics.com) who writes: By setting the XmNdefaultPosition resource (on XmBulletinBoard or its subclasses, including the message dialogs) to False, I've found that all my XmNx & XmNy requests gets set correctly. Pete Sakalaukus (sakalauk@pelican.st.usm.edu) says that XmNdefaultPosition only works with olwm, not mwm.
Subject: 65) How can my application know when the user has quit Mwm? [Last modified: Feb 95] Answer: Looking for an answer to this one. ANY TAKERS? (Still looking.)
Subject: 66) How can I tell if the user has selected "Close" from the system menu? How do I catch the "Close"? I need to do some clean up before exiting. [Last modified: Aug 95] Answer: Catching the mwm Close involves using XmAddWMProtocolCallback and possibly setting the XmNdeleteResponse resource. Note that whether your application involves multiple applicationShells vs. a single applicationShell and multiple toplevelShells is significant. Following the two older code fragments is a complete test application which can be compiled with different #defines to alter the behavior. This works with R4 Intrinsics #include <Xm/Protocols.h> void FinalCleanupCB(w, client_data, call_data) Widget w; caddr_t client_data, call_data; { /* tidy up stuff here */ ... /* exit if you want to */ exit (0); } main() { Atom wm_delete_window; ... XtRealizeWidget(toplevel); ... wm_delete_window = XmInternAtom(XtDisplay(toplevel), "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False); XmAddWMProtocolCallback(toplevel, wm_delete_window, FinalCleanupCB, NULL); XtMainLoop(); } This will still kill the application. To turn this behaviour off so that the application is not killed, set the shell resource XmNdeleteResponse to XmDO_NOTHING. This means that users cannot kill your application via the system menu, and may be a bad thing. If you are running R3, Bob Hays (bobhays@spss.com) has suggested this: "Trapping on the delete window atom does not work as I cannot force my action routine to the top of the action list for the activity desired, so the window manager kills my window anyway BEFORE I can do anything about it. And, to make matters worse, the window manager (Motif in this case) tacks its atoms and handlers onto the window at some unknown point down the line after the creation of the shell widget as far as I can tell. So.... I have a procedure as an action routine for ClientMessage. Then, if I get a property change event on the window manager protocols, I then tack on WM_SAVE_YOURSELF. If I get this request, I clean up (it seems to happen on WM_DELETE_WINDOW, BTW, if you remove WM_DELETE_WINDOW from the WM protocols atom) and exit. Works great and is less filling overall:-)." The following similar code fragment is from Dave Mink (mink@cadcam.pms.ford.com): void setupCloseCallback(Widget shell, XtCallbackProc closeProc) { /* get window manager delete protocol atom */ Atom deletewin_protocol = XmInternAtom( XtDisplay(shell), "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", True ); /* turn off default delete response */ XtVaSetValues( shell, XmNdeleteResponse, XmDO_NOTHING, NULL); /* add callback for window manager delete protocol */ XmAddWMProtocolCallback(shell, deletewin_protocol, closeProc, NULL); } Here is a complete code example which can be compiled several different ways, as per the comments in the code. /* * MWM Close test program. * * Creates 4 shells, testing each of 3 different values of XmNdeleteResponse. * Compile will -DMULTIPLE_APP_SHELLS to make all 4 shells of type * applicationShellWidgetClass. Otherwise, first shell created is * applicationShellWidgetClass, but other 3 are topLevelShellWidgetClass. * Results differ. You can also experiment with #defining POPUP_SHELL, * BEFORE_CREATE, or AFTER_CREATE. * * Ken Sall (ksall@cen.com) */ #include <stdio.h> #include <X11/IntrinsicP.h> #include <X11/StringDefs.h> #include <X11/Shell.h> #include <Xm/Xm.h> #include <Xm/XmP.h> #include <Xm/RowColumn.h> /* for popup */ #include <Xm/Label.h> #include <X11/Protocols.h> #include <X11/AtomMgr.h> #include <X11/MwmUtil.h> void CloseCB(); void popup_handler(); #ifdef MULTIPLE_APP_SHELLS #define P1_TITLE "P1: applicationShell: XmDO_NOTHING" #define P2_TITLE "P2: applicationShell: XmDESTROY" #define P3_TITLE "P3: applicationShell: XmUNMAP" #define P4_TITLE "P4: applicationShell: default" #else #define P1_TITLE "P1: applicationShell: XmDO_NOTHING" #define P2_TITLE "P2: topLevelShell: XmDESTROY" #define P3_TITLE "P3: topLevelShell: XmUNMAP" #define P4_TITLE "P4: topLevelShell: XmDO_NOTHING" #endif void CloseCB (w, client_data, call_data) Widget w; /* widget id */ caddr_t client_data; /* data from application */ caddr_t call_data; /* data from widget class */ { XmAnyCallbackStruct *cb = (XmAnyCallbackStruct *) call_data; printf ("caught Close from: %s\n", (char *)client_data ); if (strcmp ( P1_TITLE, (char *)client_data ) == 0 ) { /* do something */ } else if (strcmp ( P2_TITLE, (char *)client_data ) == 0 ) { /* do something else */ } else if (strcmp ( P3_TITLE, (char *)client_data ) == 0 ) { /* do something else */ } else if (strcmp ( P4_TITLE, (char *)client_data ) == 0 ) { /* do something else */ } else /* unreachable */ { printf ("oops\n"); } } void popup_handler() { printf ("popup handler\n"); } int main (argc,argv, envp) int argc; char **argv; char **envp; { XtAppContext app_context; Display *theDisplay; Widget shell1, shell2, shell3, shell4; Widget label, DrawWindow, WindowPopupMenu; Arg al[10]; int ac; Atom delwinAtom1, delwinAtom2, delwinAtom3, delwinAtom4; XmString xms; #ifdef MULTIPLE_APP_SHELLS printf ("This version will demonstrate a problem if you Close P2.\n"); printf ("Since there are multiple appshells, closing (destroying) P2 cause the app to exit.\n"); #else #ifdef POPUP_SHELL printf ("This version uses XtCreatePopupShell rather than XtAppCreateShell \n"); #else printf ("Compile with '-DMULTIPLE_APP_SHELLS' to demonstrate a problem.\n"); #endif #endif #ifdef BEFORE_CREATE printf ("This version adds the XmNdeleteResponse _before_ the shell is created.\n"); #else printf ("This version adds the XmNdeleteResponse _after the shell is created.\n"); #endif XtToolkitInitialize (); app_context = XtCreateApplicationContext (); theDisplay = XtOpenDisplay ( app_context, NULL, "my_program", "ProgramClass", NULL, 0, &argc, argv); /* --------------------- BEGIN P1 -------------------- */ ac = 0; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNx, 0); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNy, 0); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNwidth, 350); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNheight, 200); ac++; XtSetArg (al[ac], XmNtitle, P1_TITLE); ac++; #ifdef BEFORE_CREATE XtSetArg (al[ac], XmNdeleteResponse, XmDO_NOTHING); ac++; #endif /* The ONLY applicationShell unless MULTIPLE_APP_SHELLS is defined. */ shell1 = XtAppCreateShell ("shell1", "ProgramClass", applicationShellWidgetClass, theDisplay, al, ac); /* Tell mwm to exec CloseCB when close is detected. */ delwinAtom1 = XmInternAtom (XtDisplay(shell1), "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False); XmAddWMProtocolCallback (shell1, delwinAtom1, CloseCB, P1_TITLE); #ifndef BEFORE_CREATE XtVaSetValues( shell1, XmNdeleteResponse, XmDO_NOTHING, NULL); #endif /* --------------------- BEGIN P2 -------------------- */ ac = 0; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNx, 375); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNy, 0); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNwidth, 350); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNheight, 200); ac++; XtSetArg (al[ac], XmNtitle, P2_TITLE); ac++; #ifdef BEFORE_CREATE XtSetArg (al[ac], XmNdeleteResponse, XmDESTROY); ac++; #endif #ifdef MULTIPLE_APP_SHELLS shell2 = XtAppCreateShell ("shell2", "ProgramClass", applicationShellWidgetClass, theDisplay, al, ac); #else #ifdef POPUP_SHELL /* * NOTE use of XtCreatePopupShell (not XtCreateMAnagedWidget) and * topLevelShellWidgetClass (not applicationShellWidgetClass). * Parent of topLevelShell is applicationShell. * Use XtPopup rather than XtRealize for topLevelShell. */ shell2 = XtCreatePopupShell ("shell2", topLevelShellWidgetClass, shell1, al, ac); #else shell2 = XtAppCreateShell ("shell2", "ProgramClass", topLevelShellWidgetClass, theDisplay, al, ac); #endif #endif /* Tell mwm to exec CloseCB when close is detected. */ delwinAtom2 = XmInternAtom (XtDisplay(shell2), "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False); XmAddWMProtocolCallback (shell2, delwinAtom2, CloseCB, P2_TITLE); #ifndef BEFORE_CREATE XtVaSetValues( shell2, XmNdeleteResponse, XmDESTROY, NULL); #endif /* --------------------- BEGIN P3 -------------------- */ ac = 0; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNx, 750); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNy, 0); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNwidth, 350); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNheight, 200); ac++; XtSetArg (al[ac], XmNtitle, P3_TITLE); ac++; #ifdef BEFORE_CREATE XtSetArg (al[ac], XmNdeleteResponse, XmUNMAP); ac++; #endif #ifdef MULTIPLE_APP_SHELLS shell3 = XtAppCreateShell ("shell3", "ProgramClass", applicationShellWidgetClass, theDisplay, al, ac); #else #ifdef POPUP_SHELL /* See comments for shell2 */ shell3 = XtCreatePopupShell ("shell3", topLevelShellWidgetClass, shell1, al, ac); #else shell3 = XtAppCreateShell ("shell3", "ProgramClass", topLevelShellWidgetClass, theDisplay, al, ac); #endif #endif /* Tell mwm to exec CloseCB when close is detected. */ delwinAtom3 = XmInternAtom (XtDisplay(shell3), "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False); XmAddWMProtocolCallback (shell3, delwinAtom3, CloseCB, P3_TITLE); #ifndef BEFORE_CREATE XtVaSetValues( shell3, XmNdeleteResponse, XmUNMAP, NULL); #endif /* --------------------- BEGIN P4 -------------------- */ ac = 0; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNx, 0); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNy, 250); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNwidth, 350); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNheight, 200); ac++; XtSetArg (al[ac], XmNtitle, P4_TITLE); ac++; #ifdef BEFORE_CREATE XtSetArg (al[ac], XmNdeleteResponse, XmDO_NOTHING); ac++; #endif #ifdef MULTIPLE_APP_SHELLS shell4 = XtAppCreateShell ("shell4", "ProgramClass", applicationShellWidgetClass, theDisplay, al, ac); #else #ifdef POPUP_SHELL /* See comments for shell2 */ shell4 = XtCreatePopupShell ("shell4", topLevelShellWidgetClass, shell1, al, ac); #else shell4 = XtAppCreateShell ("shell4", "ProgramClass", topLevelShellWidgetClass, theDisplay, al, ac); #endif #endif /* Tell mwm to exec CloseCB when close is detected. */ delwinAtom4 = XmInternAtom (XtDisplay(shell4), "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False); XmAddWMProtocolCallback (shell4, delwinAtom4, CloseCB, P4_TITLE); #ifndef BEFORE_CREATE XtVaSetValues( shell4, XmNdeleteResponse, XmDO_NOTHING, NULL); #endif /* just for fun */ ac = 0; WindowPopupMenu = XmCreatePopupMenu(shell1, "PopupMenu", al, ac); XtAddEventHandler( shell1, ButtonPressMask, FALSE, popup_handler, WindowPopupMenu); ac = 0; xms = (XmString) XmStringCreateLocalized ( "Button3 = popup; Button2 = DnD."); XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNlabelString, xms); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNshadowThickness, 2); ac++; label = XmCreateLabel (shell1, "label", al, ac); XtManageChild ( label ); XtRealizeWidget( shell1 ); /* NOTE use of XtPopup rather than XtRealizeWidget for topLevels */ #ifdef MULTIPLE_APP_SHELLS XtRealizeWidget( shell2 ); XtRealizeWidget( shell3 ); XtRealizeWidget( shell4 ); #else #ifdef POPUP_SHELL XtPopup ( shell2, XtGrabNone ); XtPopup ( shell3, XtGrabNone ); XtPopup ( shell4, XtGrabNone ); #else XtRealizeWidget( shell2 ); XtRealizeWidget( shell3 ); XtRealizeWidget( shell4 ); #endif #endif XtAppMainLoop (app_context); } ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- END OF PART THREE

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Last Update March 27 2014 @ 02:11 PM