From: Keith Bierman QED <keith.bierman@eng.sun.com> Newsgroups: comp.lang.fortran Subject: Fortran FAQ Date: 03 Jan 1997 14:14:22 -0800 Sender: khb@chiba Message-ID: <tazybeae79d.fsf@eng.sun.com> Archive-name: fortran-faq Frequency: mostly bi-monthly Last-Modified: 97/01/03 Fortran FAQ Here are some answers to frequently asked questions. The "author", as is the custom, has appropriated posted responses as seemed apt. I have tried to leave attributions in, as correctly as possible. To anyone who has been offended by omission or otherwise, my apologies. I shall give priority to corrections regarding attribution. No one takes responsibility for any of this text, neither the employer of the "author", the "author", friends of the "author", pets of the "author" nor anyone else. Your mileage WILL vary. A good place to look for FAQ's is: host: rtfm.mit.edu directory: /pub/usenet If you have comments/suggestions/edit proposals please send them to me (keith.bierman@eng.sun.com). I do not promise to accept 'em. I encourage others to make better FAQ lists, so I can retire this one. The structure of the current list has been modified from previous versions in an attempt to group related questions according to their topic, and to maintain consistency with the new order. Let the author know if any inconsistencies have been introduced by the revision. <William B. Clodius contributed the reorganization> A more recent reorganization, and htmlization (which is what this ascii text is derived from) thanks to Abraham Agay. ,;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;, ;; ;; ;; Numbering convention: ;; ;; ''''''''''''''''''''' ;; ;; l) General Category: ;; ;; l.m) Topic: ;; ;; l.m.n) Question: ;; ;; ;; `;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;' SUMMARY OF CHANGES ================== C 1.2.4 Added C 2. Updated C + misc other updates (bad bookkeeping) 1.2.1 Updated ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; 1) GENERAL INTEREST: 1.1) The language and its development 1.1.0) How should one spell FORTRAN/Fortran? 1.1.1) Where can I learn more about the history of Fortran? 1.1.2) How does Fortran 90 relate to FORTRAN '77 and what is Fortran 90? 1.1.3) Is Fortran 90 a Standard? Where can I get a copy of the Fortran 90 Standard? How about electronic copies? (getting other standards) 1.1.4) Who creates these silly standards anyway? See also: 2.1.5) Tell me about Parallel Fortran dialects, what are they, etc. 1.2) Learning Fortran and its style 1.2.1) What are good books on Fortran? 1.2.2) Where can I find a f90 tutorial or course? 1.2.3) What constitutes good FORTRAN style? 1.2.4) What is a good subset of Fortran? 1.3) General Fortran (particularly Fortran 90) resources 1.3.1) f90.faq from Michel Olagnon 1.3.2) f90 "market" announcement from walt brainerd 2) TOOLS: 2.1) Compilers 2.1.1) Where can I get a free (FORTRAN 77) compiler? 2.1.2) What is the best (FORTRAN 77) compiler for a PC? 2.1.3) What is the best Fortran for... 2.1.4) What Fortran 90/95 compilers/translators are available? 2.1.5) Tell me about Parallel Fortran dialects, what are they, etc. See also: 2.2.6) What is preprocessing, how can it help? How can it hurt? 3.1.4) For whatever reasons, I want to translate my Fortran into C. What tools are available? 2.2) Other tools (pretty printers, lints, converters, etc.) 2.2.1) I have heard of fortran "lints"; what are they, and where can I get one? 2.2.2) Are there pretty printers for FORTRAN? Flowchart generators? 2.2.3) Is there a WEB for Fortran (and what is WEB anyway)? 2.2.4) Fortran text editors? 2.2.5) How can I convert an existing FORTRAN 77 program to the free form source of Fortran 90? 2.2.6) What is preprocessing, how can it help? How can it hurt? 2.3) Fortran Packages and libraries 2.3.1) Where can I get "foo" (some random package), older posts to comp.lang.fortran etc 2.3.2) Where can I find coded BLAS (and what are coded BLAS?) 2.3.3) Where can I get mathematical software? 2.3.4) What Interval Arithmetic packages are avaliable? 2.3.5) FLIB announcement 3) TECHNICAL QUESTIONS: 3.1) Fortran and other languages (essentially C) 3.1.1) "Why do people use FORTRAN? C is so much better" 3.1.2) Why are there aimless debates? 3.1.3) How do I call f77 from C (and visa versa) 3.1.4) For whatever reasons, I want to translate my Fortran into C. What tools are available? 3.1.5) For whatever reasons, I want to translate my existing C code into Fortran. What tools are available? 3.2) System differences 3.2.1) My compiler is mis-behaving; who enforces the standard? 3.2.2) My F77 program compiled ok on a <system1>, but gives me heaps of syntax errors on a <system2>. What's wrong? 3.2.3) My F77 program ran ok on a <system1>, but on a <system2> it just gives me strange results. What's wrong? 3.2.4) How can I read my VAX binary data somewhere else? 3.3) Language extensions 3.3.1) How common is DO ... END DO? 3.3.2) What are ENCODE and DECODE statements, and how are they translated to standard Fortran? How can I convert numbers to character strings (and vice-versa)? 3.4) ....... 3.4.1) What is involved in parsing Fortran? 4) WWW SOFTWARE/FORTRAN 4.1.1) WWW and Fortran Start of contents ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; 1.1) The language(s) and its(their) development 1.1.0) How should one spell FORTRAN/Fortran? FORTRAN is generally the preferred spelling for discussions of versions of the language prior to the current one ("90"). Fortran is the spelling chosen by X3J3 and WG5. In this document a feeble effort has been made to capitalize accordingly (e.g. vast existing software ... FORTRAN vs. generic Fortran to mean all versions of the standard, and specifically the modern dialect, ISO 1539:1991). --------------------------------------- ~From: walt@fortran.com (Walt Brainerd) --------------------------------------- There was an effort to "standardize" on spelling of programming languages just after F77 became a standard. The rule: if you say the letters, it is all caps (APL); if you pronounce it as a word, it is not (Cobol, Fortran, Ada). See, for example the definitive article describing Fortran 77 in the Oct 1978 issue of the Comm. of the ACM. The timing was such that FORTRAN got put on the standard itself, though many always after that have referred to it as Fortran 77. Of course, there are those who think it is not truly Fortran if not written with all caps. <ed note> ISO 1539:1991 and its ANSI counterpart X3.198-1992 consistently employ the spelling "Fortran" to refer to the language being defined. Reference(s) to the older version employ "small caps" for the "ORTRAN" characters. __________________________________________________________________________ 1.1.1) Where can I learn more about the history of Fortran? ------------------------------------------------- ~From: metcalf@apofort.cern.ch (Michael Metcalf ) ------------------------------------------------- The history of Fortran is documented in: Annals of History of Computing, 6, 1, January, 1984 (whole issue) Programming Systems and Languages (S. Rosen ed.), McGraw Hill, 1967, pp 29-47 (this is Backus's original paper) History of Prorammining Languages (R.L. Wexelblat ed.), Academic Press, 1981, pp 25-74 A summary appears in: Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, Academic Press, 1986, vol. 5, under 'Fortran' and in: Fortran 90 Explained (Oxford, 1990). Chapter 1 of __________________________________________________________________________ 1.1.2) How does Fortran 90 relate to FORTRAN '77? With a few minor exceptions, Fortran 90 is a superset of X3.9-1978 FORTRAN. But this does not mean that all "77" codes will port sans changes. Many (if not most) programmers employed constructs beyond the '77 standard, or rely on unspecified behavior (say, assuming that an OPEN of an existing file will position the file pointer to just past the last record already written) which has changed (that is to say, has become specified). This leads to the obvious question, what is new in Fortran 90? A complete answer would require considerable text. Some of the most obvious additions are: 1) array notation (operators, etc.) 2) dynamic memory allocation 3) derived types and operator overloading 4) keyword argument passing, INTENT (in, out, inout) 5) modules 6) modern control structures 7) free format source code form 8) other stuff While it is always tricky to characterize the motives of a large group of people, I <khb> am inclined to try as follows: '90 incorporates two sets of improvements: (1) relatively minor fixups that *could* have been done earlier (2) relatively major changes to enable better software engineering practices. Sometimes a "minor" fixup has major effect, such as addition of free form source form combined with canonization of the MIL-STD 1753 INCLUDE. I further go off on a limb and assert that it was the goal of the *committee* to evolve Fortran in a fashion to enable it to continue to be the premier language for scientific computation. __________________________________________________________________________ 1.1.3) Is it a Standard? Where can I get a copy of the Fortran 90 Standard? How about electronic copies? Fortran 90 was adopted as an International Standard by ISO in July, 1991. It was published by them as ISO/IEC 1539:1991, and is obtainable directly for 185 Swiss francs from: ISO Publications 1 rue de Varembe Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland Fax: + 41 22 734 10 79 or from: American National Standards Institute Attn: Customer Service 11 West 42nd Street New York, NY 10036 Phone: (212)642-4900 8:45-4:45 (EST) Fax: (212)302-1286 BSI 2 Park Street London W1A 2BS DIN Burggrafenstrasse 6 Postfach 1107 D-1000 Berlin 30 AFNOR Tour Europe Cedex 7 92049 Paris La Defence SCC 1200-45 O'Connor Ottawa Ontario K1P 6N7 You can obtain copies for $225 through: Global Engineering Documents 2805 McGaw Ave. Irvine, CA. 92714 (714) 261-1455 (800) 854-7179 In accordance with an official agreement with the International Standards Organization, Unicomp is now able to distribute electronic versions of the Fortran 90 standard: ISO/IEC 1539 : 1991, Information technology--Programming languages--Fortran The money received from this effort will go partly to fund ISO activities and partly to recover the costs incurred by Unicomp in preparing and typesetting the standard document. The prices are set by ISO. The document can be obtained in three versions: 1. An ASCII version suitable for viewing on a computer terminal using any kind of editor. Cost: USD 125. 2. A PostScript version with a license allowing the purchaser to print n paper copies. Cost: USD 125 + 10n. 3. Complete source in ditroff with macros and software to extract and create the annexes. The source constitutes a fairly high level marked-up document; for example, each program beginning and ending is marked and there are few low-level typographic commands such as size and font changes. Cost USD 1000. I am quite enthused especially about version (2). If you want to have 10 copies for your organization, and it costs $10 to make a printed copy, then the cost to make the 10 copies would be $125 + $200, or just $32.50 per copy, which is a substantial savings over purchasing paper copies. Versions (1) and (3) will be accompanied by a license restricting use to one CPU and prohibiting copying, except for backup purposes, etc. The version (2) license will prohibit distributing any of the printed copies outside of the purchasing organization. If you have special requirements, such as wanting to distribute a copy with each version of your compiler or using the source as a part of your documentation, we can make special arrangements, subject to the approval of the ISO. Please advise me of your requirements and we can work up a proposal together. ISO and Unicomp think this will provide the oft requested access to the standard in electronic form. This is the first time this is being tried, so we hope that organizations will be careful to observe the rules and encourage the continued availability of this and other standards in electronic form. Payment can be made by Visa or MasterCard, or with a check on a US Bank in US funds. We <unicomp> will accept a purchase order only if the amount is $500 or more. Walter S. Brainerd; Unicomp; phone: 505-275-0800. email: Walt Brainerd <walt@fortran.com> ;;; Additional note. X3J3 working papers are often available via ftp from: host: ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu directory: x3j3 rpc wrote: It has been a few years since I last ordered a MIL-STD, so my information might be out-of-date. At that time, the address to write for MIL-STDs was: Naval Publications and Forms Center, Code 3015 5801 Tabor Ave Philadelphia, PA 19120 Phone: 1-(215)-697-4834 Use form DD1425, if possible (they will send you a copy with your first order). MIL-STD 1753 is a short document (about 10 pages). And finally, note that the FORTRAN 77 standard is online at the Fortran Market: http://www.fortran.com/fortran/market.html http://www.fortran.com/walt/fortran __________________________________________________________________________ 1.1.4) Who creates these silly standards anyway? Typically X3J3. X3J3 is an ANSI subcommittee dedicated to Fortran. WG5 is the ISO counterpart. WG5 owns responsibility for Fortran on an international basis. WG5 has previously tasked X3J3 to do the work. This arrangement continues. WG5 is composed of Fortran users, vendors, and academics from several ISO supporting nations. Delegates represent *their*countries* not their companies; so several delegates from a single company is permitted. ANSI rules prohibit multiple voting delegates from the same company. X3J3 is composed of users (aerospace, government labs, military, DECUS, railroads, oil to name a few), vendors (IBM, CRI, Sun, Convex, DEC, UNISYS, to name a few) and the odd academic (oxford, yale, liverpool, to name a couple). Members need not be US citizens nor must their company be US domiciled. Being a member of a standards group is typically involves non-trivial work. To be effective, one should plan on at least 8 weeks of time per year (those who are really doing the hard work do far more). This time commitment is typically far more expensive than the travel and membership costs. X3J3 meetings are open to the public. There are typically 4 meetings a year, typically 3 are in the US and 1 *may* be overseas (to precede or follow the WG5 plenary session). Membership fees are levied by ANSI, and are on the near order of $600 ($300ish cast as an ISO "tax", but mandatory for all). In addition, attendees to a particular X3J3 meeting pay a "meeting fee" which covers reproduction costs, snacks and etc. The meeting fee has been about $100 for the last several meetings. WG5 has established various goals and targets for future work. Roughly speaking 5yrs rather than 13years are the targets for future work. Current work projects include cleanup and interpretations of Fortran (90), features for future versions of the standard (e.g. parallel processing, "object-oriented" technologies, etc.). In addition to work done directly by X3J3, there is work on standardized modules, and OS bindings taking place in other organizations. X3J3 would like to keep track of such efforts, those involved are invited to inform X3J3 early in their development efforts if possible. X3J3 is currently working with X3H5, DIN (varying string character) and tracking the efforts of HPFF. New members are always welcome. Visitors are also; though it is very hard to get a good grip on things in only one meeting! Contact the X3J3 chair for more information: email: jwagener@trc.amoco.com (chair) Upcoming meeting is: 5 Feb - 9 Feb Las Vegas papers are often available via ftp from: host: ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu directory: x3j3 __________________________________________________________________________ B) Learning Fortran 1.2.1) What are good books on Fortran? Don't know if they are good. Inclusion in the list is not endorsement. On Fortran 90: English: Fortran 90 Counihan, Pitman, 1991, ISBN 0-273-03073-6. Fortran 90 Explained Metcalf and Reid, Oxford University Press, 1990, ISBN 0-19-853772-7, about $30. This book is a complete, audited description of the language in a more readable style than the standard itself. It is kept up-to-date on each printing with X3J3 and WG5's latest interpretations. It has seven Appendices, including an extended example program that is available by ftp, and a comprehensive Index. Fortran 90/95 Explained Michael Metcalf and John Reid, Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York, 1996, ISBN 0 19 851888 9 (about $US33 or 16.95 pounds sterling). Sequel to 90 explained. Fortran 90 for Scientists and Engineers Brian D. Hahn, Edward Arnold, 1994, ISBN 0-340-60034-9. Fortran 90 Handbook Adams, Brainerd, Martin, Smith and Wagener, McGraw-Hill, 1992, ISBN 0-07-000406-4. Fortran 90 Language Guide Gehrke, Springer, London, 1995, ISBN 3-540-19926-8 Fortran 95 Language Guide Gehrke, Springer, London, 1996, ISBN 3-540-76062-8 Fortran-90-Nachschlagewerk Gehrke, RRZN, 1993 Fortran 90 Programming Ellis, Philips, Lahey, Addison Wesley, Wokingham, 1994, ISBN 0-201-54446-6. Migrating to Fortran 90 James F. Kerrigan, O'Reilly Associates, 1993, ISBN 1-56592-049-X. Programmer's Guide to Fortran 90, second edition Brainerd, Goldberg and Adams, Unicomp, 1994. Programming in Fortran 90 Morgan and Schonfelder, Alfred Waller, Oxfordshire, 1993, ISBN 1-872474-06-3. Programming in Fortran 90 I.M. Smith, Wiley, ISBN 0471-94185-9. Fortran 90, Loren P. Meissner (U. of San Francisco) (c) 1995, PWS Publishing Co., ISBN 0-534-93372-6 Fortran 90: A Reference Guide Luc Chamberland, Prentice-Hall, 1995, ISBN 0-13-397332-8 Introducing Fortran 90 Ian Chivers and Jane Sleightholme Springer Verlag, ISBN 3-540-19940-3 Chinese: Programming Language FORTRAN 90 He Xingui, Xu zuyuan, Wu gingbao and Chen mingyuan, China Railway Publishing House, Beijing, ISBN 7-113-01788-6/TP.187, 1994. Dutch: Fortran 90 W.S. Brainerd, Ch.H. Goldberg, and J.C. Adams, translated by J.M. den Haan, Academic Service, 1991, ISBN 90 6233 722 8. French: Fortran 90; Approche par la Pratique Lignelet, Se'rie Informatique E'ditions, Menton, 1993, ISBN 2-090615-01-4. Fortran 90. Les concepts fondamentaux, the translation of "Fortran 90 Explained" M. Metcalf, J. Reid, translated by M. Caillet and B. Pichon, AFNOR, Paris, ISBN 2-12-486513-7. Fortran 90; Initiation a` partir du Fortran 77 Aberti, Se'rie Informatique E'ditions, Menton, 1992, ISBN 2-090615-00-6. Les specificites du Fortran 90, DUBESSET, M. et VIGNES, J., editions Technip, 1993. ISBN 2-7108-0652-5 Manuel complet du langage Fortran 90, et guide d'application, LIGNELET, P., S.I. editions, Jan. 1995. ISBN 2-909615-02-2 Programmer en Fortran 90, DELANNOY, C., Eyrolles, 1992. ISBN 2-212-08723-3 Savez-vous parler Fortran, AIN, M., Bibliotheque des universites (de Boeck), 1994. ISBN 2-8041-1755-3 Support de cours Fortran 90 IDRIS Corde, P. & Delouis, H. anonymous ftp from: host: ftp.ifremer.fr directory: pub/ifremer/fortran90/ file: f90_cours_4.ps.gz Traitement de donnees numeriques avec Fortran 90, Olagnon, M. Masson, 1996. ISBN 2-225-85259-6 was just published this week. Though it is in French, the example programs http://www.ifremer.fr/ditigo/molagnon/livref90.html are in Fortran 90. One of them, CVIBM, deals with conversions between IEEE and former IBM format, and may be of some use to you. Anonymous ftp from: host: ftp.ifremer.fr directory: pub/ifremer/ditigo/fortran90/livremo/ file: cvibfl.f90 German: Fortran 90 B.Wojcieszynski and R.Wojcieszynski, Addison-Wesley, 1993, ISBN 3-89319-600-5. Fortran 90: eine informelle Einf"hrung Heisterkamp, BI-Wissenschaftsverlag, 1991, ISBN 3-411153-21-0. Fortran 90, Lehr- und Arbeitsbuch fuer das erfolgreiche Programmieren W.S. Brainerd, C.H. Goldberg, and J.C. Adams, translated by Peter Thomas and Klaus G. Paul, R. Olbenbourg Verlag, Muenchen, 1994, ISBN 3-486-22102-7. Fortran 90 Lehr- und Handbuch T. Michel, BI-Wissenschaftsverlag, 1994. Fortran 90 Referenz-Handbuch: der neue Fortran-Standard Gehrke, Carl Hansen Verlag, 1991, ISBN 3-446163-21-2. Programmierung in Fortran 90 Schobert, Oldenburg, 1991. Software Entwicklung in Fortran 90 U"berhuber and Meditz, Springer Verlag, 1993, ISBN 0-387-82450-2. Japanese: Fortran 90 Explained Metcalf and Reid, translated by H. Nisimura, H. Wada, K. Nishimura, M. Takata, Kyoritsu Shuppan Co., Ltd., 1993, ISSN 0385-6984. On Fortran in general: Author Title Year ------ ----------------------------- ---- Kruger Efficient Fortran Programming 1990 Mojena/Ageloff FORTRAN 77 1990 Boyle FORTRAN 77 PDQ 1989 Bezner FORTRAN 77 1989 Tremblay PROGRAMMING IN FORTRAN 77 1988 Salmon ENGINEERS & SCIENTISTS WITH FORTRAN 77 1988 Nyhoff/Leestma FORTRAN 77 FOR ENGINEERS & SCIENTISTS 1988 McCracken/Salmon ENGINEERS & SCIENTISTS WITH FORTRAN 77 1988 Davis/Hoffman FORTRAN 77: A STRUCTURED DISCIPLINED STYLE 1988 Barnard/Skillicorn FORTRAN 77 FOR ENGINEERS AND SCIENTISTS 1988 Gregory A. Moses Engineering Applications Software Develop.. 1988 Gehrke PC-FORTRAN-Handbuch 1988 Mashaw PROGRAMMING STRUCTURED FORTRAN 77 1987 Cole FORTRAN 77: A STRUCTURED ... APPROACH 1987 Boillot UNDERSTANDING FORTRAN-77 1987 Gehrke FORTRAN-77-Handbuch 1987 Starkey/Ross FUNDAMENTAL PROGRAMMING WITH FORTRAN 77 1986 Rouse/Bugnitz INTRODUCTION TO FORTRAN 77 1986 Ratzer FORTRAN 77 COURSE 1986 Page FORTRAN 77 FOR HUMANS 1986 Lehman SOCIAL SCIENCES: ALGORITHMS & FORTRAN 77 1986 Smith FORTRAN 77: A PROBLEM-SOLVING APPROACH 1985 Shelly FORTRAN 77: AN INTRODUCTION 1985 Nickerson FUNDAMENTALS OF FORTRAN 77 PROGRAMMING 1985 Metcalf EFFECTIVE FORTRAN 77 1985 Metcalf FORTRAN Optimization 1985 McKeown STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING USING FORTRAN 77 1985 Hume FORTRAN 77 FOR SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS 1985 Dillman PROBLEM SOLVING WITH FORTRAN 77 1985 Brainerd FORTRAN 77 FUNDAMENTALS AND STYLE 1985 Borse FORTRAN 77&NUMERICAL METHODS FOR ENGINEERS 1985 Adman FORTRAN 77 SOLUTIONS NON-SCIENTIFIC PROBS. 1985 Etter PROBLEM SOLVING WITH STRUCTURED FORTRAN 77 1984 Etter PROBLEM SOLVING USING FORTRAN 77 ? Dyck FORTRAN 77: A STRUCTURED APPROACH ... 1984 Chivers/Clark FORTRAN 77: A HANDS ON APPROACH 1984 Adman FORTRAN 77 FOR NON-SCIENTISTS 1984 Willamson/Levesque A GUIDEBOOK TO FORTRAN ON SUPERCOMPUTER 1989 Rule FORTRAN 77: A PRACTICAL APPROACH 1983 Rouse/Bugnitz PROGRAMMING THE IBM PC: FORTRAN 77 1983 Nyhoff/Leestma PROBLEM SOLVING WITH FORTRAN 77 1983 Marateck FORTRAN 77 1983 Lehmnkuhl FORTRAN 77 1983 Law ANSI FORTRAN 77: INTRO. TO SOFTWARE DESIGN 1983 Holoien/Behforooz ... STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING WITH FORTRAN 77 1983 Grout FUNDAMENTAL..PROGRAMMING USING FORTRAN 77 1983 Fleming/Redish THE U. S. MC MASTER GLOSSARY OF FORTRAN-77 1983 Cole ANSI FORTRAN IV WITH FORTRAN 77 EXTENSIONS 1983 Wu ANSI FORTRAN IV & 77 AND BUSINESS PROGRAMS 1982 Pollack STRUCTURED FORTRAN 77 PROGRAMMING 1982 Katzan FORTRAN 77 1982 Gibson/Young INTRO TO PROGRAMMING USING FORTRAN 77 1982 Ellis STRUCTURED APPROACH FORTRAN 77 PROGRAMMING 1982 Durgin FORTRAN 77 1982 Nanney A PROBLEM-SOLVING APPROACH USING FORTRAN77 1981 Merchant FORTRAN 77: LANGUAGE AND STYLE 1981 Khailany BUSINESS PROGRAMMING FORTRAN IV/ANSI F.. 1981 Ashcroft PROGRAMMING WITH FORTRAN 77 1981 Gehrke FORTRAN-77-Sprachumfang 1981 Wagener FORTRAN 77 ? Wagener PRINCIPLES OF FORTRAN 77 PROGRAMMING 1980 Meissner/Organick FORTRAN77 FEATURING STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING 1980 Hume/Holt PROGRAMMING FORTRAN 77 1979 Balfour PROGRAMMING IN STANDARD FORTRAN 77 1979 A free Fortran 77 book ---------------------- This excellent book is offered to the public by the author: Clive G. Page, Professional Programmer's Guide to Fortran 77 Pitman, 1988 122 pages (including index) It can be found at the anonymous FTP site: Host: ftp.star.le.ac.uk Directory: /pub/fortran/ File: prof77.ps.gz There is also a Latex version available. ----------------------------------------------- ~From: Z.W.T.Mason@sussex.ac.uk (Zebedee Mason) ----------------------------------------------- Jeffrey Templon (templon@studbolt.mit.edu) wrote: : Hi, : : I just discovered this one and don't remember seeing it pointed : to here. It's a PS copy of an out-of-print book by Clive Page, : "Professional Programmer's Guide to Fortran 77" and what I've : seen of it looks real good. : : JT I bought it when it was in print, never needed to buy another one since. Why can't all programming books be this short and to the point? Zeb. Another free Fortran 77 book ---------------------------- Interactive Fortran 77: A Hands on Approach (second edition) Ian D Chivers and Jane Sleightholme Ellis Horwood, 1990 Series in Computers and their Applications ISBN: 0-13-466764-6 Copyright (C) Ian D Chivers and Jane Sleightholme. Legal comments: Unless otherwise specified, Ian D Chivers and Jane Sleightholme hold all rights, including copyright and retains such rights. This work may be distributed in its entirety provided the work is distributed as a whole with this copyright notice intact. This work may not be distributed in hard copy or other machine readable form, redistributed, transmitted or translated without prior written authorization from Ian D Chivers and Jane Sleightholme. Commercial use can only be allowed by specific license agreements. The accuracy of this document cannot be guaranteed. Ian D Chivers and Jane Sleighthome make no warranty, either express or implied, with respect to the use of any information and assumes no liabilities for loss or damage, whether such loss or damage is caused by error or omission. If this electronic book is made available anywhere other than the original system, Ian Chivers or Jane Sleigtholme must be notified in writing (email is acceptable) and the copyright notice must retain intact. PDF version: http://www.kcl.ac.uk/kis/support/cc/fortran/f77book.pdf Unix compressed postscript version: http://www.kcl.ac.uk/kis/support/cc/fortran/f77book.ps.Z PC pkzip postscript version: http://www.kcl.ac.uk/kis/support/cc/fortran/f77ps.zip __________________________________________________________________________ 1.2.2) Where can I find a f90 tutorial or course? Copyright but freely available course material is available from Manchester Computer Centre on the World Wide Web with the URL: http://www.hpctec.mcc.ac.uk/hpctec/courses/Fortran90/F90course.html The ftp address is: host: ftp.mcc.ac.uk directory: /pub/mantec/Fortran90 A complete Tutorial is available under WWW with the URL: http://asis01.cern.ch/CN/CNTUT/f90/Overview.html or via anonymous ftp from: host: cernvm.cern.ch directory: cnl.200 file: f90tutor.ps An ASCII copy of this material as a set of slides for a six-hour course is available from: metcalf@cern.ch. Courses are available from: Walt Brainerd, a member of X3J3, also on HPF email: walt@fortran.com PSR (see above); CETech, Inc. (also on HPF) 8196 SW Hall Blvd., Ste. 304, Beaverton, Oregon 97008, USA. Phone: (503)644-6106 Fax: (503)643-8425 Email: cetech@teleport.com). Some European companies offering courses and conversion consultancy are: IT Independent Training Limited, 113 Liscombe, Birch Hill, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG12 7DE, UK tel: +44 344 860172 fax: +44 344 867992 Simulog, attn. Mr. E.Plestan, 1 rue James Joule, F-78286 Guyancourt Cedex, France tel: +33 1 30 12 27 00 fax: +33 1 30 12 27 27 CTS, Prinz-Otto Str. 7c, D-85521 Ottobrunn , Germany tel: +49-89-6083758 fax: +49-89-6083758 __________________________________________________________________________ 1.2.3) What constitutes good FORTRAN style? One rendition of a FORTRAN 77 style guide is available through anonymous ftp from ics.uci.edu (128.195.1.1). To retrieve (please note that it's not really "anonymous", that's just the Name that you'll be using): % ftp ics.uci.edu anonymous <enter your e-mail address at Password: prompt> cd pub/levine ascii get F77_Style_Guide bye If you can't access this site directly, please send an e-mail request to: INTERNET: levine@ics.uci.edu BITNET: levine@uci UUCP: ...!uunet!ucivax!levine __________________________________________________________________________ 1.2.4) What are good Subsets of Fortran? One is F: Announcing the first book on the F programming language ------------------------------------------------------- "The F programming Language", by Michael Metcalf and John Reid, Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York, 1996, ISBN 0-19-850026-2, (about $US30 or 16.95 pounds sterling). The F programming language is a dramatic new development in scientific programming. Building on the well-established strengths of the Fortran family of languages, it is carefully crafted to be both safe and regular, whilst retaining the enormously powerful numerical capabilities of its parent language, Fortran 90, as well as its data abstraction capability. Thus, an array syntax becomes available as part of a medium-size, widely-available language for the first time. In this respect, the language is clearly superior to older ones such as Pascal, C, and Basic. F is ideally suited for teaching as a first programming language, and provides a smooth path into both Fortran 90 and High Performance Fortran (it is a subset of both). In the absence of a formal standard for F, this book is the defining document for the language, setting out the complete syntax and semantics of the language in a readable but thorough way. It is essential reading for all F practitioners. Compilers for F are available from Imagine1 for Windows 95, Linux and some Unix platforms, with Windows NT, Macintosh PowerPC and 68K families coming shortly. The compilers are based on technology from Absoft, Fujitsu, and NAG. For details see: http://www.imagine1.com/imagine1 or contact info@imagine1.com. Table of Contents: 1. Why F? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Language elements . . . . . . . . . 7 3. Expressions and assignments . . . . 29 4. Control constructs . . . . . . . . 49 5. Program units and procedures . . . 61 6. Array features . . . . . . . . . . 89 7. Specification statements . . . . . 113 8. Intrinsic procedures . . . . . . . 131 9. Data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . 151 10. Operations on external files . . . 175 Appendix A. Intrinsic procedures . . . 185 Appendix B. The statements of F . . . . 191 Appendix C. Diffences from Fortran 90 . 195 Appendix D. Pointer example . . . . . 201 Appendix E. The terms of F . . . . . . 211 Appendix F. Solutions to exercises . . 221 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 Michael Metcalf works at CERN, Geneva. He is the author of a range of publications, including the books "Effective Fortran 77" and "Fortran 90/95 Explained" (with John Reid) (Oxford University Press), and "Fortran Optimization" (Academic Press). He was Editor of the Fortran 90 standard. John Reid works for the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and is well known as a numerical analyst; he is a co-author of "Direct Methods for Sparse Matrices" and "Fortran 90/95 Explained" (Oxford University Press). He served as Secretary of X3J3 and played a leading role in the development of Fortran 90. Ordering information: 1) N. America: Order Department, Monday-Friday, 8:15am-5:00pm (EST) Phone: 1-800-451-7556 Fax: 1-919-677-1303 Post: Order Department Oxford University Press 2001 Evans Road Cary, NC 27513 E-mail: orders@oup-usa.org WWW: http://www.oup-usa.org/ 2) UK: send order and payment to: CWO Department, OUP, FREEPOST NH 4051, Corby, Northants NN18 9BR - no stamp required Phone: with a credit card, the 24-hour credit card hotline is: +44 (0)1536 454534 Postage and packing for UK orders: - under #20 - add #2.06, over #20 - add #3.53, over #50 - add #4.70. WWW: http://www.oup.co.uk/ 3) Eire, Europe, and the rest of the world, send order and payment to: CWO Dept, OUP, Saxon Way West, Corby, Northants NN18 9ES, UK Fax: credit card sales: +44 1536 746337 Postage and packing for non-UK orders: add 10% of the total price of the books. 4) Imagine1 11930 Menaul NE, Suite 106 Albuquerque, NM 87112 Toll free phone number: 1 888 323 1758. See also Imagine1's e-mail address and WWW URL above. Demos available (and free for linux) ftp swcp.com login as anonymous and give e-mail address as password cd ~ftp/pub/walt/Fbin get f_linux.tar.Z (or f_solaris1.tar.Z or f_solaris2.tar.Z) Please send problems or questions to info@imagine1.com. -------- Another subset is ELF, Lahey has a native LF90 compiler for Windows and DOS: sales@lahey.com http://www.lahey.com It is particularly well optimized on the Pentium. Also on offer is elf90, a subset language that does not have old features like storage association, is designed for teaching, and is very cheap. Also "Prof. Loren Meissner" <meissner@usfca.edu> can provide information, and possibly a textbook on this dialect. But in a nutshell, elf90 is said to be f90 sans What's not in Elf90 To promote a more efficient and modern programming language the Fortran statements listed below are not supported by the Elf90 language. If you use a Fortran 90 feature that is not supported, an on-screen error message is provided. ALLOCATABLE* ASSIGN BLOCK DATA COMMON CONTINUE DATA DIMENSION* DO LABEL DOUBLE PRECISION END END BLOCK DATA ENTRY EQUIVALENCE EXTERNAL GO TO (COMPUTED) GO TO (ASSIGNED) IMPLICIT INCLUDE INTENT* INTRINSIC OPTIONAL PARAMETER* POINTER* SAVE* TARGET* *Note: The ALLOCATABLE, TARGET, POINTER, INTENT, PARAMETER, DIMENSION, and SAVE attributes are declared in type declaration statements. <khb note: elf90 is, as I understand it, available on Intel processors only. F is said to be (or soon to be) available on a variety of processors, including Intel, SPARC and Macintosh.> __________________________________________________________________________ 1.3) General Fortran (particularly Fortran 90) resources 1.3.1) f90.faq Michel Olagnon's Fortran 90 List -------------------------------- F90 FAN's : Fortran 90 Frequently Asked about News. A Fortran 90 addition to the Fortran FAQ. Michel Olagnon - October 1st, 1993. Last updated - November 29th, 1996. Send flames and suggestions for improvement to: email: Michel.Olagnon@ifremer.fr WWW: http://www.ifremer.fr/ditigo/molagnon/molagnon.html The current updated version of this FAQ is available from: ftp://ftp.ifremer.fr/ifremer/ditigo/fortran90/engfaq It can be found on WWW at URLs: http://www.mols.susx.ac.uk/eggen/Fortran90/f90-faq.html (thanks to Bernd Eggen), http://www.kcl.ac.uk/kis/support/cc/fortran/engfaq.html (thanks to Ian Chivers), http://lenti.med.umn.edu/~mwd/f90-faq.html (thanks to Mark Dalton), http://www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~Fortran90/olagnon-faq.html (thanks to Michael Hennecke), http://www.ifremer.fr/ditigo/molagnon/fortran90/engfaq.html Contents : ---------- 1. Fortran 90 and Fortran 77 2. Available in Fortran 90: 2.1. Compilers 2.2. Code re-structurers and converters 2.3. Libraries and utilities 2.4. Tests and Benchmarks 2.5. Examples and repositories 2.6. Courses and Consultancy 3. Documentation: 3.1. Standards 3.2. Glossary 3.3. Journals 3.4. Tutorials and other documents 3.5. Books 3.6. Articles 3.7. WWW-Mosaic pages 4. Fortran 90 Benchmarking 5. Announced, foreseen, and rumours 6. Workshops, seminars, conferences 7. Developments, related languages 7.1. Standard 7.2. HPF 7.3. PVM 7.4. MPI 7.5. Parallel Programming 8. Addresses 1.0 Fortran 90 and Fortran 77: ------------------------------ Fortran 90 is, with very few exceptions, a superset of Fortran 77. The FAQ of the Usenet group Comp.lang.fortran deals with both standards, and may be obtained, like any FAQ, via anonymous ftp from: ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.lang.fortran/Fortran_FAQ host: rtfm.mit.edu directory: pub/usenet/comp.lang.fortran file: Fortran_FAQ It is also available on the WWW: http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/ fortran-faq/faq.html The present document is an attempt to supplement that FAQ with some specific Fortran 90 information. Anyone interested is also invited to join the mailbase list comp-fortran-90, by sending an e-mail message to: mailbase@mailbase.ac.uk containing the only line: join comp-fortran-90 firstname lastname more info on URL: http://www.mailbase.ac.uk/lists-a-e/comp-fortran-90/ The main extensions of Fortran 90 over Fortran 77 are: ------------------------------------------------------ o array notation (for instance, X(1:N)=R(1:N)*COS(A(1:N))) o dynamic memory allocation (ALLOCATE, DEALLOCATE, ...) o derived types and operator overloading o better declarations, and prototyping possible o MODULES, allowing users to create ``storage pools'', or to define environment o more of modern control structures (SELECT CASE, EXIT, ...) o more of useful intrinsics (date, precision, arrays, ...) o free format source code form ``Pure'' Fortran 77 is F90 compatible. Yet, it is better to convert it to a ``mixed'' format, acceptable both as free and fixed source form Fortran 90, which only requires replacing C by ! as the comment character, to use & as the continuation line character, and to append it to the continued line, to remove blanks embedded inside constants or identifiers, and to check some intrinsics usage. Most of this can be done automatically. Fortran 90 allows the Fortran 77 programmer to write code faster, to make it more legible, and to avoid many bugs. For a newcomer to programming, it is an opportunity to learn a modern language, with most recommended features, and yet to be in line with scientific and industrial engineering communities where Fortran is and is going to remain for a good while THE favourite language. 2.0 Available in Fortran 90: ---------------------------- 2.1 Compilers ------------- There is presently no free full F90 compiler. However, some compilers restricted to modern subsets of the language are free. These are: ELF90 from Lahey for DOS 3.3 or higher, Windows 95, or Windows NT: http://www.lahey.com/" F from Imagine1 for Linux: http://www.imagine1.com/imagine1 Compilers for these subsets are also available for other platforms, but presently not for free. Absoft's version of CF90 for: Power Mac URL: http://www.absoft.com ACE f90 and HPF for: Parsytec PowerPC-based machines URL: http://www.ace.nl/ Apogee - highly optimizing Apogee-Fortran 90, C-DAC Fortran 90 (comes with debugger). Both compilers are for SPARC architectures. URL: http://www.apogee.com/ APR xHPF 2.1 - HPF compiler ([Cray]T3D, [IBM]SP-2, [Intel]Paragon, [Dec Alpha]3000/900 275Mhz, [SGI Power Challenge]MIPS R8000, [Sun SPARC]2000 40Mhz) CRAY CF90 for: Crays YMP and YMP-C90, Superserver 6400 Sparc Solaris 2.3 plans for HP, SGI URL: http://www.cray.com/PUBLIC/product-info/craysoft/ Fortran_90.html DEC Fortran 90 V2.0 for: Digital UNIX Alpha OpenVMS Alpha, UNIX version including full HPF support, Digital Parallel Software Environment (PSE), companion product on UNIX for HPF programming. URL: http://www.digital.com/info/hpc/f90 EPC Fortran 90 for: Sparc Solaris 1.X and 2.X, IBM RS/6000, Intel 3/486 (SVR3&4, Solaris 2.x), SGI, Motorola 88000/100/100 (SVR3&4), MIPS Fujitsu full compiler for: Sparc Solaris 1.1 and 2.x next: Sun Sparc (MP) 3Q/95, HP PA-RISC 4Q/95 MIPS ABI 4Q/95, SGI 4Q/95, Windows 1Q/96 HP, HP Fortran 90 - full compiler for: HP-UX 10.20, 10.10, 10.01 SPP-UX URL: http://www.hp.com/go/hpfortran IBM XLF V3 full compiler for: RISC System/6000 + KAP preprocessor from KAI, for AIX V3.2 and V4.1 URL: http://www.torolab.ibm.com:80/ap/fortran/xlfortran/ Imagine1 F - educational subset (dusty features removed, for inexpensive F90 learning) URL: http://www.imagine1.com/imagine1 Lahey LF90 for: DOS, Windows including Pentium optimizations and Interacter Kit. URL: http://www.lahey.com/ Lahey ELF90 - educational subset (dusty features removed, for inexpensive F90 learning) Microsoft Fortran Powerstation V4.0 for: Windows NT 3.5 Windows 95 URL: http://www.microsoft.com/fortran MicroWay for: DOS, OS/2, Unix, Linux. NA Software F90+ for: OS/2, DOS/Windows3.1, Windows NT, Sun, Inmos T800 PC Linux, also HPF for Linux. Cost-effective personal version for Windows95 URL: http://www5.informatik.tu-muenchen.de/sci-comp/info/ software/fortran.html NAG/ACE Optimizing f90 - release 1.0 for: Sparc Solaris 2. URL: http://www.nag.co.uk/nagware/ACE/Info.html NAGWare f90 uses C as intermediate language, now at rel:2.2, includes HPF extensions and exists in Linux version. URL: http://www.nag.co.uk/nagware/NCNJNKNM.html NEC FORTRAN90/SX for its supercomputer SX series. Pacific Sierra VAST/f90 uses F77 as intermediate language, for: Unix VMS Convex URL: http://www.psrv.com/vast/vastf90.html Parasoft uses F77 as intermediate language URL: http://www.parasoft.com/f90.html PGI f90/HPF compiler, for: SGI, IBM SP2, HP/Convex URL: http://www.pgroup.com/ Salford FTN90 PC implementation of NAG f90, direct generation of object code. URL: http://www.salford.ac.uk/docs/ss.html SGI under IRIX 6.1 on R8000 machines: Power Challenge, Power Indigo 2, Power Onyx URL: http://www.sgi.com/ SPARCompiler Fortran 90 Sun's Cray-compatible compiler. URL: http://www.sun.com/sunsoft/Products/Developer-products Stern C. S. CF90 Cray-compatible for DEC OSF/1 (Digital UNIX). NOTE: Some vendors, such as Convex on their machines, offer a number of F90 extensions, for instance array syntax or ALLOCATE instruction. Code re-structurers and converters ---------------------------------- Pacific-Sierra VAST/77to90 (see article by JKP in Fortran Journal 5/4) URL: http://www.psrv.com/vast/vast77to90.html LOFT90, by NA Software (available also under Linux) FORESYS 1.4 GUI based High Performance Global Analysis, F77->F90 conversion, and parallelization. URL: http://www.cais.net/s2i/www/general/foresys.html FORGE Explorer 2.0 Distributed and shared memory Parallelizer, Applied Parallel Research, Inc. URL: http://www.infomall.org/apri/ NAGWare f90 tools pretty-printer, declarations standardiser, precision standardiser, names changer. URL: http://www.nag.co.uk/nagware/NENF.html CONVERT, conversion to F90 free format proposed by Mike Metcalf via anonymous ftp on: host: jkr.cc.rl.ac.uk (130.246.8.23) directory: pub/MandR/ file: convert.f90 URL: ftp://jkr.cc.rl.ac.uk/pub/MandR/convert.f90 ftof90.c minimal F77 -> F90 conversion. URL: ftp://ftp.ifremer.fr/ifremer/ditigo/fortran90/ftof90.c.gz f90ppr F90 pre-processor similar to cpp. URL: ftp://ftp.ifremer.fr/ifremer/ditigo/fortran90/f90ppr.f90.gz flecs90 FLECS to F90 translator. URL: ftp://odin.mda.uth.tmc.edu/pub/source/flecs90.tar.Z HPF mapper for PVM or Parmacs, on Sun clusters: NA software. Libraries and utilities ----------------------- *Emacs* package free-format f90-mode URL: http://www.mailbase.ac.uk/lists-a-e/comp-fortran-90/ files/f90.el Among the options one finds automatic matching and completion of all end-blocks (for example, indenting a line starting with end, finds the corresponding if/do/module... and checks/fills in the right kind of block and a possible name), it has an automatic fill-function which breaks a line and inserts &-signs (two if inside a string) when a line gets too long, different coloring for different features which is updated with every indent of a line. The most common commands are available via a menu. Performance Library LAPACK, BLAS, FFTPACK, VFFTPACK et LINPACK optimized for SPARC (Sun Performance Workshop). URL: http://www.sun.com/sunsoft/Products/Developer-products INTERACTER graphics library for Lahey LF90 and Salford FTN90, on 386/486/pentium + DOS Extenders (Int. Soft. Serv.). URL: http://www.demon.co.uk/issltd/ Lahey has F90 components (manual, array intrinsics, front end,...) that they would like to license to others. NAG fl90, numerical and statistical library, Sun 4, Sgi, DECstation, and IBM RISC System/6000. NAG tool components (parser, semantic analyser, tree modification library and tree flattener). Numerical recipes URL: http://nr.harvard.edu/nr/nrf90_blurb.html (Others give caveats: http://math.jpl.nasa.gov/nr !) Cray LibSci(tm), numerical library for Crays and Sparc Solaris 2.3 MPFUN (Multiple Precision Floating Point Computation Package) by David W. Bailey, for Cray CF-90. URL: ftp://ftp.irisa.fr/pub/netlib/mpfun/ MSL library (Visual Numerics) Syntax verifier extracted from NAG compiler, put into public domain by NAG for Sun 3, Sun 4, Sgi. Interactive checking of user's code over www at: URL: http://www.nag.co.uk/0/Forms/f90_interface.html ISF and PKF modules shareware from Garnatz and Grovender, Inc ISAM/VSAM/btree file structure, and Positional Key file structure URL: http://www.winternet.com/~gginc XLIB interface from Garnatz and Grovender also. URL: http://www.winternet.com/~gginc CADNA, by professeur Vignes from Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, implements stochastic arithmetic in Fortran 90, and enables monitoring of precision loss and/or numerical instabilities during execution. (Control of Accuracy and Debugging for Numerical Aplications in Fortran) More information available from AERO (see also articles by J. Vignes), or Pr. Chesneaux (chesneaux@masi.ibp.fr). ISO/IEC 1539-2 (Auxiliary standard) Variable length character strings in Fortran (with a demonstration of implementation at URL: ftp://ftp.liv.ac.uk/pub/fortran_std/is1539-2.html) LAPACK, (minimaly) translated by myself (M.O.), successfully passed all its tests with NAg-f90 2.0. I aggressively translated single precision Blas, and intend to do the same with other Blas as soon as I have time. Steve Moulton works on LAPACK conversion. StopWatch Measurement of execution times by W.F Mitchell URL: http://math.nist.gov/acmd/Staff/WMitchell/StopWatch.html F90 makedepend perl script by Kate Hedstrom URL: http://marine.rutgers.edu/po/perl.html Automatic differentiation with Fortran programs URL: http://www.mcs.anl.gov/Projects/autodiff/AD_Tools Tests and Benchmarks -------------------- Lahey Test suite F77 & F90 (license agreement) NAGware Test suite tests for compilers (same as U_F90_TS) U_F90_TS Test suite from Dr. Brian Smith (University of New Mexico), marketed by Unicomp and NAG. SHAPE Test suite 3400 tests of array instructions, from Spackman & Hendrickson, Inc. Parasoft Test suite 1500 tests for compilers Quetzal Benchmark from John K. Prentice. URL: http://www.swcp.com/~quetzal/access.html Benchmark of Syracuse University via anonymous ftp on: host: minerva.npac.syr.edu directory: old_pub URL: ftp://minerva.npac.syr.edu/old_pub/ Channel benchmark by John D. McCalpin, via anonymous ftp on: host: perelandra.cms.udel.edu directory: bench/channel. URL: ftp://perelandra.cms.udel.edu/bench/channel Examples and repositories ------------------------- Nag has set up a repository for contributed code: WWW: http://www.nag.co.uk/1/nagware/Examples The Fortran Market has established itself on the World Wide Web. "ONE place to find all information, products, and services related to Fortran" WWW: http://www.fortran.com/fortran/market.html Lahey Computer Systems downloadable F90 public domain code. URL: http://www.lahey.com/other.htm 11,000 lines offered by Richard Maine via anonymous ftp on: host: ftp.dfrf.nasa.gov directory: pub/fdas/f90sample/ file: fdas.tar.Z Many of the example codes and problem solutions from: NUMERICAL METHODS FOR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS - A computational approach, by John R. Dormand have been coded in F. URL: ftp://ftp.tees.ac.uk/pub/j.r.dormand/F-files STEJOI, statistical package for joint occurrence events, on Sun, including source code and everything, via anonymous ftp on: host: ftp.ifremer.fr directory: ifremer/ditigo/fortran90/ file: f90dvl.tar.Z Module unsigned_32 for definition and use of unsigned 32 bits integers, also via anonymous ftp on: host: ftp.ifremer.fr directory: ifremer/ditigo/fortran90/ file: unsi32.f90.Z f90split, experimental version, similar to Unix BSD fsplit, but for free source form, also via anonymous ftp on: host: ftp.ifremer.fr directory: ifremer/ditigo/fortran90/ file: f90split.f90.gz Algorithm 999 by A.G. Buckley for unconstrained nonlinear minimization, via anonymous ftp on: host: ftp.royalroads.ca directory: pub/software/bbuckley/alg999/ file: source Courses and Consultancy ----------------------- IT Independent Training Limited, UK CTS, Germany Unicomp, USA Pacific-Sierra Research Corp., USA CETech, Inc., USA 3.0 Documentation: ------------------ Standards --------- ISO/IEC 1539:1991 (E) International Standard Information technology - Programming langages - Fortran Somewhat expensive (CHF 210 ~ US$ 140 !) for instance, at ISO. Surprisingly enough, the identical, save for foreword and acknowledgements, ANSI standard X3.198-1992 is even more expensive. Walter S. Brainerd, Unicomp., offers: o for 125 US$, an electronic ascii monouser version, o for 125 + 10n US$, an electronic PostScript version, and the right to make n paper copies, o or for 1000 US$, an electronic ditroff monouser version. URL: http://www.fortran.com/fortran/iso1539.html A version with French glossary is available as European norm NF EN 21539. Glossary -------- Fortran terminology glossary by Ken Hawick hawick@npac.sys.edu URL: http://www.npac.syr.edu/hpfa/fortgloss/fortgloss.html Journals -------- Fortran Journal ISSN 1060-0221 Enquiries: Walt Brainerd (email: walt@fortran.com) Subscriptions: Fortran Users Group P.O. Box 4201 Fullerton, CA 92634 (about $30/year individual, $100/year company, ~$50/$150 outside the USA, call 1 (714) 441 2022) Fortran Forum edited by Loren Meissner (email: meissner@usfca.edu) Subscriptions: ACM membership services email: acmhelp@acm.org 10$ members, 20$ non members More info: http://www.acm.org/ Tutorials and other documents ----------------------------- University of Liverpool on-line tutorial URL: http://www.liv.ac.uk/HPC/HTMLFrontPageF90.html P. Corde and H. Delouis ``Support de cours Fortran 90 IDRIS''. This is a very complete reference (224 pp.), in French, for which the authors have agreed to give free access. URL: http://www.idris.fr/data/cours/lang/f90/F90_cours4.ps Prof. Loren Meissner has written an ELF subset (Essential Lahey Fortran) textbook, from his PWS book, and offers it on a royalty basis of $1.00 per copy, with advance royalty payment for 100 copies (email: LPMeissner@msn.com). Copyright but freely available course material is available from Manchester Computer Centre. URL: http://www.hpctec.mcc.ac.uk/hpctec/courses/Fortran90/ F90course.html Bo Einarsson and Yurij Shokin have written a tutorial on the transition from Fortran 77 to Fortran 90, with the title: "Fortran 90 for the Fortran 77 programmer" URL: http://www.nsc.liu.se/f77to90.html Michel Goossens has now installed a Fortran 90 tutorial on the World Wide Web (WWW), with the title: "F90 Tutorial/Overview" There is no copyright on this material. URL: http://wwwcn.cern.ch/asdoc/f90.html There is a Fortran (90) tutorial on the net that might be of some use (from the University of New Mexico). URL: ftp://mycroft.plk.af.mil/pub/Fortran_90/Tutorial/ See also: URL: http://www.nsc.liu.se/~boein/fortran.html URL: http://www.kcl.ac.uk/kis/support/cc/fortran/f90home.html Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) URL: http://www.digital.com:80/info/hpc/f90/users.html#tutorial Computational Science Education Project (CSEP) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) URL: http://csep1.phy.ornl.gov/pl/pl.html URL: ftp://ftp.th-darmstadt.de/pub/thd/fortran/f90/ The University of Liverpool URL: http://www.liv.ac.uk/HPC/F90page.html Belfast URL: http://www.pcc.qub.ac.uk/tec/courses/courselist.html Univ. of New Mexico URL: http://www.arc.unm.edu/workshop/fortran90/f90-main.html Syracuse Univ. URL: http://www.npac.syr.edu/EDUCATION/PUB/hpfe/ Pacific-Sierra Research mini-tutorial about converting Fortran 77 programs to High Performance Fortran URL: http://www.psrv.com/77toHPF EPCC Writing Data parallel programs with High Performance Fortran URL: http://www.epcc.ed.ac.uk/epcc-tec/package.html Leicester URL: ftp://ftp.star.le.ac.uk/pub/fortran/ Books ----- * in English, Adams, Brainerd, Martin, Smith. Fortran Top 90 - Ninety Key Features of Fortran 90, Unicomp, Sept. 1994. Adams, Brainerd, Martin, Smith, Wagener. Fortran 90 Handbook, McGraw-Hill, 1992. ISBN 0-07-000406-4 Brainerd, W., Goldberg, and Adams. Programmer's guide to Fortran 90, 2nd edition, Unicomp, 1994. ISBN 0-07-000248-7 Chamberland, Luc. Fortran 90 : A Reference Guide, Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-397332-8. Chivers, I. and Sleightholme, J. Introducing Fortran 90, Springer-Verlag, Sept. 1995. ISBN 3-540-19940-3 URL: http://www.kcl.ac.uk/kis/support/cc/fortran/ Counihan, Fortran 90, Pitman, 1991. ISBN 0-273-03073-6 Einarsson, B., Shokins, Y. Fortran 90 for the Fortran 77 programmer HTML-book. URL: http://www.nsc.liu.se/~boein/fortran.html Ellis, T.M.R, Lahey, T. and Philips, I. Fortran 90 Programming, Addison Wesley, 1994, ISBN 0-201-54446-6 With examples in URL: ftp://aw.com/aw.computer.science/ Gehrke, W. Fortran 95 Language Guide, Springer-Verlag, 1996. ISBN 3-540-76062-8 (Softcover) Hahn, B.D., Edward Arnold. Fortran 90 for Scientists and Engineers, 1994. ISBN 0-340-60034-9 Kerrigan, J. Migrating to Fortran 90, O'Reilly and Associates, 1993 (2nd ed. Sept.94), ISBN 1-56592-049-X With examples in URL: ftp://uunet.uu.net/nutshell/fortran90/ Charles H. Koelbel, David B. Loveman, Robert S. Schreiber, Guy L. Stelle Jr., Mary E. Zosel High Performance Fortran Handbook, MIT Press, 349 pages, 1994. ISBN 0-262-61094-9 $24.95 in paper back ISBN 0-262-11185-3 $45 for hard cover Mayo, W.E. and Cwiakala, M. Schaum's Outline of Theory and Praxis -- Programming in Fortran 90, Mc Graw Hill, 1996. ISBN 0-07-041156-5 Meissner, L. Fortran90, PWS Kent, Boston, 1995. ISBN 0-534-93372-6 Metcalf, M. and Reid, J. Fortran 90/95 Explained, Oxford University Press, 1996. ISBN 0-19-851888-9 Metcalf, M. and Reid, J. The F programming Language, Oxford University Press, 1996. ISBN 0-19-850026-2 Morgan and Schonfelder, Programming in Fortran 90, Alfred Waller Ltd., 1993. ISBN 1-872474-06-3 Redwine, C., Upgrading to Fortran 90, Springer, 1995 ISBN 0-387-97995-6 Schick W., Silverman Gordon, Fortran90 and engineering computations, John Wiley and sons, 1995 ISBN 0-471-58512-2 Smith, I.M. Programming in Fortran 90, Wiley, ISBN 0-471-94185-9 With examples in URL: ftp://golden.eng.man.ac.uk/pub/fe/ Vowels, R. Introduction to Fortran 90/95, Algorithms and Structured Programming ISBN 0-9596384-8-2 URL: http://www.cs.rmit.edu.au/~rav/FORTRAN.html * in French, Aberti, C. Fortran 90: Initiation a partir du Fortran 77, S.I. E'ditions, 1992. ISBN 2-909615-00-6 Ain, M. Savez-vous parler Fortran, Bibliotheque des universites (de Boeck), 1994. ISBN 2-8041-1755-3 Delannoy, C. Programmer en Fortran 90, Eyrolles, 1992. ISBN 2-212-08723-3 Dubesset, M. et Vignes, J. Les spe'cificites du Fortran 90, E'ditions Technip, 1993. ISBN 2-7108-0652-5 Lignelet, P. Fortran 90: Approche par la Pratique, S.I. E'ditions, 1993. ISBN 2-909615-01-4 Lignelet, P. Manuel complet du langage Fortran 90 et Fortran 95, Calcul intensif et ge'nie logiciel, Masson, 1996. ISBN 2-225-85229-4 Lignelet, P. Structures de Donne'es (et leurs algorithmes) en Fortran 90/95 Masson, 1996. ISBN 2-225-85373-8 URL: http://www.ifremer.fr/ditigo/molagnon/fortran90/livrepl2.html Metcalf, M. et Reid, J. (translated by M. Caillet and B. Pichon) Fortran 90: Les concepts fondamentaux, AFNOR Editions, 1993. ISBN 2-12-486513-7 Olagnon, M. Traitement de donne'es nume'riques avec Fortran 90 Masson, 1996. ISBN 2-225-85259-6 URL: http://www.ifremer.fr/ditigo/molagnon/livre.html * in Chinese, He Xingui, Xu Zuyuan, Wu Gingbao and Chen Mingyuan Programming Language FORTRAN 90, China Railway Publishing House, Beijing, 1994. ISBN 7-113-01788-6/TP.187 * in German, Brainerd, W.S., Goldberg Ch.H., Adams J.C., (translated by Peter Thomas and Klaus G. Paul) Fortran 90, Lehr- und Arbeitsbuch fuer das erfolgreiche Programmieren , R. Olbenbourg Verlag, Muenchen, 1994, ISBN 3-486-22102-7 Gehrke. Fortran 90 Referenz-Handbuch, Carl Hansen Verlag, 1991. ISBN 3-446163-21-2 Heisterkamp. Fortran 90: Eine Informelle Einfuehrung, BI-Wissenschaftsverlag, 1991. ISBN 3-411153-21-0 Langer. Programmieren in Fortran, Springer Verlag, 1993. ISBN 0-387-82446-4 Michel, T. Fortran 90 Lehr- und Handbuch, BI-Wissenschaftsverlag, 1994. Schobert, Oldenburg. Programmierung in Fortran 90, 1991. Ueberhuber, C., Meditz, P. Software-Entwicklung in Fortran 90, Springer Verlag, 1993. ISBN 3-211-82450-2 Wojcieszynski, B, Wojcieszynski, R. Fortran 90 Programmieren mit dem neuen Standard, Addison-Wesley, 1993. ISBN 3-89319-600-5 * in Dutch, Brainerd, W.S., Goldberg Ch.H., Adams J.C., (transl. by J.M. den Haan) Fortran 90, Academic Service, 1991. ISBN 90-6233-722-8 * in Swedish, Blom, K. Fortran90 - en introduktion Studentlitteratur, Lund, 1994. ISN 91-44-47881-X URL: http://www.studli.se/publishing/MBok/M004750/M004788/ T004788.html Einarsson, B., Shokins, Y. Fortran 90 for the Fortran 77 programmer HTML-book. URL: http://www.nsc.liu.se/~boein/fortran.html * in Russian, Einarsson, B., Shokins, Y. Fortran 90 for the Fortran 77 programmer Printed book. URL: http://www.nsc.liu.se/~boein/fortran.html Metcalf, Reid (translated by P.Gorbounov) Fortran 90 Explained. Mir Publishers, Moscow, 1995. ISBN 5-03-001426-8 Russian customers: Mr. A.S.Popov, E-mail asp@mir.msk.su European residents: Petr.Gorbounov@cern.ch * in Japanese Metcalf, Reid (translated by H.Nisimura, H.Wada, K.Nishimura, M.Takata) Fortran 90 Explained, Kyoritsu Shuppan Co., Ltd., 1993 ISSN 0385-6984. Articles -------- Appleby, D., FORTRAN First in a six-part series on languages that have stood the test of time -- BYTE, Sep. 1991, 147-150 Baker, S., Complying with Fortran90; How does the current crop of Fortran90 compilers measure up to the standard? -- Dr. Doff's Journal (Jan. 1995) p68-76 Bernheim, M., Fortran Mode d'emploi - Fortran 90 -- Intereditions (1991) 163-176 Brankin, R.W., Gladwell, I., A Fortran 90 Version of RKSUITE: An ODE Initial Value Solver, -- Annals of Numerical Mathematics, Vol 1, 1994, in press. Buckley, A. G., Conversion to Fortran 90: A Case Study -- ACM TOMS Vol20 n 3 Sept.1994 308-353 Buckley, Albert G., Algorithm 999: A Fortran 90 code for unconstrained non linear minimisation -- ACM TOMS Vol20 n 3 Sept.1994 354-372 URL: ftp://ftp.royalroads.ca/pub/software/bbuckley/ Chesneaux, J.M., Description d'utilisation du logiciel CADNA_F -- MASI 92.32 (1992) Institut Blaise Pascal, Paris Corde, P., Girou, D., Fortran 90: la nouvelle norme -- Tribunix Dossiers calculateurs, Vol 8. No. 41 (1992) 12-17 Craig, C., Slishman G., Variants of Matrix Multiplication for Fortran90 -- SIGNUM Newsletter Vol 29 N 2 Apr. 1994 4-6 Delves L.M, Schonfelder J.L, Craven P. Fortran90; an Overview -- Oct.1993 IASC Delves M, N.A Performance of Fortran90 Compilers -- Nov. 1994 Digital Corporation, Evolving from Fortran77 towards Fortran90, -- Fall Decus 1993, San Francisco Dodson Z., A Fortran90 Tutorial -- Nov.1993 Dongarra, J., Du Croz J., Hammarling S., Wasniewski J., Zemla A., LAPACK90 The Fortran90 Interface for LAPACK, -- PARA95, Copenhagen 1995 Lecture Notes Springer Verlag, to be published. Du Croz, Jeremy J., Building Libraries with Fortran 90 -- Fortran Journal 4/5, Sep./Oct 1992 Du Croz, J. The Nag Fortran90 library -- Nagua 14 april 1994 Oxford Gehrke, Wilhelm Fachwoerterliste Englisch-Deutsch fuer Fortran 90 -- SPR.F90 2, RRZN, 18 pp., 1995 URL: http://www.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/Umdrucke/SPR.F90.2.ps Gehrke, Wilhelm Fortran 90-Syntax: Eisenbahnschienen-Diagramme -- SPR.F90 3, RRZN, 48 pp., 1994 URL: http://www.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/Umdrucke/SPR.F90.3.ps Gehrke, Wilhelm Fachwoerterliste Englisch-Deutsch fuer Fortran 95 -- SPR.F95 2, RRZN, 19 pp., 1995 URL: http://www.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/Umdrucke/SPR.F95.2.ps Gehrke, Wilhelm Fortran 95-Syntax: Eisenbahnschienen-Diagramme -- SPR.F95 3, RRZN, 50 pp., 1995 URL: http://www.rrzn.uni-hannover.de/Umdrucke/SPR.F95.3.ps Glassy, L., Tiny-Ninety: A subset of F90 for beginning programmers -- Fortran Journal 4/3, May/Jun. 1992, 2-6 Hanson, R.J., A design of high-performance Fortran 90 Libraries -- IMSL technical report series No. 9201 (1992) Hanson, R.J., Operator and Function Modules with FORTRAN90 -- VNI Technical Report series No 9305 Hanson, R.J., Matrix multiplication in Fortran 90 using Strassen's algorithm -- Fortran Journal 4/3, May/Jun. 1992, 6-7 Hennecke, M., A Fortran 90 interface to random Number Generation -- Computer Physics Communications, in press URL: http://www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~Michael.Hennecke/ Publications/#CPC95 Iles, Robert, Fortran 90: The First Two Years -- Unicom Seminar on Fortran and C in Scientific Computing, 1993. Iles, R., Palant, L., Fortran 90: 2 ans deja -- Tribunix No. 49 Mai/Juin 1993, 32-37. Hann, R. Nagware Fortran90 tools -- Nagua 14 april 1994 Oxford Hill J.M.D The high performance Fortran library in Fortran90: sorting -- Technical Report LPA7/TR02.9408 The London parallel applications center August 1994 (revise 9/1/1995) Joubert, A.W The high performance Fortran library in Fortran90: prefix and suffix scans -- Technical Report LPA7/TR01.9408 The London parallel applications center August 1994 Kearfott, R.B Algorithm 737: INTLIB: A Portable Fortran77 Interval Standard-Function Library -- ACM TOMS Vol20 n% 4, Dec. 1994 447-459 Kearfott, R.B A Fortran 90 environment for research and prototyping of enclosure algorithms for canstrained and unconstrained non linear equations -- ACM TOMS Vol 21, 1 , Juin 1995 63-78 Lahey, T., Fortran 90 is coming ! -- Programmer's Journal, Mar/Apr 1991. Lignelet, P., Fortran -- Les Techniques de l'ingenieur, -- H2120, Dec 1993. Mc Calpin, John D. Optimization of Fortran90 array notation : A Case Study -- Internal report College of Marine Studies, Univ. of Delaware submitted to "Scientific Programming" Jan. 1995 URL: ftp://(perelandra.cms.udel.edu:/models/Papers/f90.ps Maine, R., Review of NAG Fortran 90 translator -- Fortran Journal 3/6, Nov/dec 1991. Marshall,A.C, Comparison between Sun, EPC and NAg Fortran 90 Compilers -- The University of Liverpool (Dec. 1996). URL: http://www.liv.ac.uk/HPC/FortranCompilerStudyHTML/ FortranCompilerStudyHTML.html Marshall,A.C, Fortran 90 derived types, User defined operators, Modules and Object Oriented Facilities -- The University of Liverpool BCS seminar 1994 (12 Sep. 1992), 30-33 Metcalf, M., Recent progress in Fortran standardization -- Computer Physics Communications 57 (1989) 78-83. Metcalf, M., Fortran 90 - A summary -- Int. Journal of modern Physics C, Vol. 1, Nos. 2&3 (1990) 193-206. Metcalf, M., A derived data type for data analysis -- Computers in Physics, Nov/Dec 1991, 599-604. Metcalf, M., A first encounter with Fortran 90 -- Fortran Journal 4/1, Jan/Feb 1992, 2-7. Metcalf, M., An encounter with F90 -- Particle World 3/3 (1993), 130-134. Metcalf, M., Fortran 90 Tutorial -- CERN Computer Newsletter, Nos. 206/207/208/209/210/211 (1992-1993). Metcalf, M., Using the f90 compiler as a software tool -- CERN Computer Newsletter, No. 209 (1992). Metcalf, M., Still programming after these years -- New Scientist, (12 Sep. 1992), 30-33 Morgan, S., Fortran90 An outline of the ISO standard -- BCS seminar 1994 Olagnon, M., Experience with NagWare f90 -- Fortran Journal 4/6, Nov/dec 1992, 2-5. Olagnon, M., f90ppr A Fortran90 Pre-processor A Fortran 90 Pretty- printer, -- Fortran Journal Vol 7 n2 Mar/Apr 1995 pp8-14 de Polignac, Christian, Du Fortran VAX au Fortran 90 -- Decus, Paris, 7 Avril 1993. de Polignac, Christian, Interfacing a Fortran77 multiple precision package using Fortran90 -- Nagua, Oxford, 14 april 1994. Prentice, John K., Fortran 90 benchmark results -- Fortran Journal 5/3, May/June 1993. Prentice, John K., Performance benchmarks for Fortran90 compilers -- Mathematech Vol1 n1 1994, 66-73 Prentice, John K., Ameko, A.K., Performance benchmarks for selected Fortran90 compilers (to appear in Fortran Journal) Reid, John, The Fortran 90 Standard -- Programming environments for high level scientific problem solving, -- Gaffney ed., IEEE Trans., North-Holland (1992), 343-348. Reid, John, Fortran 90, the language for scientific computing in the 1990s -- Unicom Seminar on Fortran and C in Scientific Computing, 1992 Reid, John, The advantages of Fortran 90 -- Computing 48, 219-238. Reid, John. Fortran90: the future -- Nagua 14 april 1994 Oxford de Roeck, Yann-Herve, Plessix, Rene-Edouard, Combining F90 and PVM to construct synthetic seismograms by ray-tracing -- proc. IEEE Oceans 94. Robin, F., Fortran 90 et High Performance Fortran, -- Bulletin technique CEA, Oct. 1992, 3-7. Sawyer, M., A summary of Fortran 90 -- EPCC-TN92-04, Univ. of Edinburgh, (1992). Schonfelder, J.L., Semantic extension possibilities in the proposed new Fortran -- Software practice and experience, Vol.19, (1989), 529-551. Schonfelder, J.L., Morgan, J.S., Dynamic strings in Fortran 90 -- Software practice and experience, Vol.20(12), (1990), 1259-1271. Schonfelder, J.L. High Performance Fortran and Fortran95 -- University of Liverpool Nov. 1994 Scott, Kilpatrick and Maley The formal specification of abstract data types and their implementation in Fortran 90 -- Computer Physics Communications 84 (1994) 201-225. Sipelstein, J.M., Blelloch, G.E., Collection-oriented languages -- Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 79, No. 4, (1991), 504-530. Vignes, Jean, Vers un calcul scientifique fiable : l'arithmetique stochastique -- La Vie des Sciences, Comptes rendus, serie generale, tome 10, 1993, No 2, 81-101. Vignes, Jean, A stochastic arithmetic for reliable scientific computation -- MATCOM 940 - Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 35 (1993) 233-261. Walker, D.W., A Fortran 90 code for magnetohydrodynamics. Part I: banded convolution -- Oak Ridge National Lab. report TM-12032 (1992). Walter, W., Fortran 90: Was bringt der neue Fortran-Standard fuer das numerische Programmieren ? -- Jahrbuch Ueberblicke Mathematik Vieweg, (1991) 151-174. Walter W.V Fortran XSC: A portable Fortran90 module library for accurate and reliable scientific computing -- Computing Supplementum 9, 265-286 Wampler, K. Dean, The Object-Oriented programming Paradigm and Fortran programs -- Computers in Physics, Jul/Aug 1990, 385-394. Ward, T. The world's first Fortran90 compiler. -- PROGRAM NOW March 1992, 67-69 Willhoft, Robert G., Comparison of the functional Power of APL2 and Fortran 90 -- APL Quote Quad, 1991 Fortran90 at NAS: Perceptions and plans -- RND-93-001 URL: http://www.nas.nasa.gov/NAS/TechReports/ 3.6 - Other places for Help on Fortran 90 ----------------------------------------- Fortran 90 Tutorials: http://wwwcn.cern.ch/asdoc/f90.html Programmer's Guide to Fortran 90: http://www.fortran.com/fortran/Books/gd.html Fortran Market: http://www.fortran.com/fortran/market.html Karlsruhe University: http://www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~Fortran90/ King's College London: http://www.kcl.ac.uk/kis/support/cc/fortran/f90home.html Fortran FAQ: http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/ fortran-faq/faq.html Fortran90 interface modules for INTLIB interval computations: ftp://interval.usl.edu/pub/interval_math/www/ FTP-able fortran90 Tutorial from ftp.cs.unm.edu: ftp://ftp.cs.unm.edu/pub/smith-quetzal/Fortran90_Tutorial/ Free Software: http://www.fortran.com/fortran/free.html How to get Fortran 90 Standard documentation: http://www.fortran.com/fortran/iso1539.html Free Code - At Lahey: http://www.lahey.com/other.htm Free Compilers/tools List - At Cern: http://cuiwww.unige.ch/cgi-bin/freecomp Programming Languages research - At Indiana University: http://www.cs.indiana.edu/inds/proglang.html Other languages - At CMU: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/Web/computing.html#language - At UNM: http://www.arc.unm.edu/workshop/fortran90/f90-7.html - The F programming language: http://www.imagine1.com/imagine1/ 4.0 - Fortran 90 Benchmarking ----------------------------- An interesting article by John K. Prentice appeared in the May/June 93 issue of Fortran Journal. He also gave a new one in the Nov/Dec 94 issue. I made some tests myself with LAPACK, and got a ratio of 10 between Sun f77 and Nag f90 2.0 when no source change was performed. With an aggressive rewriting, especially using array instructions and intrinsics, the ratio gets down to 2, which is also that of a f77 [sd]axpy to a C one. On actual applications, this ratio seems to be much closer to 1, and even sometimes in favor of Fortran 90. On Sept. 7th, 1993, John wrote "I think there is in fact beginning to be a quite large body of evidence to suggest that most of the efficiency fears about F90 are unfounded." For Nag f90 on workstations, the effect of the underlying C compiler (gcc, vendor, etc...) seems very limited (less than 4%). With more recent F90 compilers, performance seems at least as good and often better than with the corresponding F77 compiler, for old F77 code. For instance, Lahey reports improvement from 8.5 to 14.1 Mflops with linpack on a pentium between EM/32 and their F90 compiler. 5.0 Announced, foreseen, and rumours ------------------------------------ F: a carefully crafted subset of Fortran 90, meant for both teachers and professional programmers, by Imagine1 Inc., NAG Inc., Fujitsu Limited, and Absoft Corp. F will be available on Unix and Linux platforms, the 68k or PowerPC Macintosh, and PCs running either Windows 95 or Windows NT. FORTNER Research (formerly Laguage Systems Corp) expects to deliver f90 for Macintoshes in 1996. Digital Windows NT (Alpha) compiler URL: http://www.digital.com/info/hpc/f90 MATLAB compatibility with PowerStationFortran 90 (1st quarter 96) 6.0 Workshops, seminars, conferences ------------------------------------ SEL-HPC: the London and South-East centre for High Performance Computing URL: http://www.lpac.ac.uk/SEL-HPC/ NAG Seminars: URL: http://www.nag.co.uk/other/seminars.html 7.0 - Developments, related languages ------------------------------------- 7.1 - Standard -------------- Work did not stop with the publication of the Fortran 90 standard. A new release is scheduled for 1996 (called 95), mainly devoted to clarifications, corrections and interpretations. It is currently being circulated as a draft for comments. A more important revision is scheduled for 2000 (or 2001 ? called F2k though C.Burley's F00 is a pleasant alternative). Some interim features are to be processed as "technical reports" and incorporated in the next major upgrade, now known as "Fortran 2000" and planned for release around the year 2000. The features for which interim technical reports have been proposed are the following: o Floating-point exception handling o Interoperability with C o Parammeterized derived types and allocatable components However, the last of these lacks support in some quarters. The ISO working group devoted to the evolution of Fortran is WG5. URL: http://www.etrc.ox.ac.uk/wg5.html Inputs are received from the National bodies (X3J3 in the USA). Documents related to the work of X3J3 can be found via anonymous ftp on ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu, directory x3j3. 7.2 - HPF --------- High Performance Fortran (HPF) is a language for programming massively parallel architectures. It lets the user insert directives for code and data distribution among the processors in the (Fortran 90) code. URL: http://www.erc.msstate.edu/hpff/home.html Electronic copies of HPF draft specification are available by anonymous FTP from the following sources: Machine name File name --------------------- ---------------------------------------- titan.cs.rice.edu public/HPFF/draft/hpf-v10-final.tar titan.cs.rice.edu public/HPFF/draft/hpf-v10-final.tar.Z titan.cs.rice.edu public/HPFF/draft/hpf-v10-final.ps titan.cs.rice.edu public/HPFF/draft/hpf-v10-final.ps.Z think.com public/HPFF/hpf-v10-final.ps.Z ftp.gmd.de hpf-europe/hpf-v10-final.ps.Z theory.tc.cornell.edu pub/hpf-v10-final.ps.Z minerva.npac.syr.edu public/hpf-v10-final.tar.Z on-line tutorial from University of Liverpool: URL: http://www.liv.ac.uk/HPC/HTMLFrontPageHPF.html course on HPF is freely available from Edinburgh: URL: http://www.epcc.ed.ac.uk/epcc-tec/course-packages/ HPF-Package-form.html Other sources of information: Karlsruhe University: http://www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~HPF/ Liverpool University: http://www.liv.ac.uk/HPC/HPCpage.html www.lpac.ac.uk/SEL-HPC: http://www.lpac.ac.uk/SEL-HPC/ 7.3 - PVM --------- Parallel Virtual Machine consists of a library and a run-time environment which allow the distribution of a program over a network of (even heterogeneous) computers. It works with Fortran 77, C and to some extent Fortran 90. One can refer to the article by Y-H de Roeck and R-E Plessix, and a set of example wrapper routines for the PVM calls is available as: URL: ftp://ftp.ifremer.fr/ifremer/ditigo/fortran90/pvm2f90.tar.gz There is a usenet comp.parallel.pvm group, and the FAQ for it can be found via anonymous ftp on: host: rtfm.mit.edu directory: /pub/usenet/comp.parallel.pvm 7.4 - MPI --------- MPI (Message Passing Interface) is the standard for multicomputer and cluster message passing introduced by the Message Passing Interface Forum in April 1994. URL: http://www.erc.msstate.edu/mpi/ 7.5 - Parallel Programming -------------------------- An interesting report can be obtained via anonymous ftp on: host: bulldog.wes.army.mil directory: pub/ file: report.ps.Z for a large review of products related to parallel systems programming. 8.0 - Addresses --------------- 3ip, 104, rue Castagnary, F-75015 Paris, France tel: +33 1 48 56 23 33, fax: +33 1 48 56 23 44 Absoft, 2781 Bond Street Rochester Hills, MI 48309 USA URL: http://www.absoft.com tel: (810) 853-0050 , Fax: (810) 853-0108 email: fortran@absoft.com ACE, Van Eeghenstraat 100, 1071 Gl Amsterdam, Netherlands URL: http://www.ace.nl/ tel: +31 20 6646416, fax: +31 20 6750389 AERO, Mr. Berthon, 3 av. de l'opera. F-75001 Paris, France tel: +33 1 44 55 30 80, fax: +33 1 40 15 95 54 AFNOR, Tour Europe, Cedex 7, F-92049 Paris la Defense, France tel: +33 1 42 91 55 55 Apogee Software Inc., 1901 S.Bascom Ave., Suite 325, Campbell, CA 95008-2207, USA URL: http://www.apogee.com/ tel: (408) 369-9001, fax: (408) 369-9018, email: info@apogee.com Applied Parallel Research, Inc., 550 Main St., Placerville, CA 95667 URL: http://ftp.netcom.com/pub/forge/home.html tel: (916) 621-1600, fax: (916) 621-0593, email: support@apri.com CETech, Inc., 8196 SW Hall Blvd., Ste. 304, Beaverton, Oregon 97008, USA. tel: (503) 644-6106, fax: (503) 643-8425, email: cetech@teleport.com Cray Research,Inc., 655 Lone Oak Drive, Eagan, MN 55121 URL: http://www.cray.com/ CTS, Prinz-Otto Str. 7c, D-85521 Ottobrunn, Germany tel: +49 89 6083758, fax: +49 89 6083758 DEC (Digital Equipment Corporation) URL: http://www.digital.com/info.html email: f90@digital.com DEC Fortran 90 home page: http://www.digital.com/info/hpc/f90 EPC, 17 Alva St. Edinburgh, EH2 4PH, United Kingdom URL: http://www.epc.co.uk/ tel: +44-31-225-6262, fax: +44-31-225-6644, email: support@epc.ed.ac.uk EPC, 20 Victor Square, Scotts Valley, California 95066 tel: (408) 438-1851, fax: (408) 438-3510, email: info@epc.com Fortran Journal, P.O. Box 4201, Fullerton, CA 92634, USA fax: (714) 441-2022 Fujitsu Open Systems Solutions, Inc., 3055 Orchard Drive, San Jose, CA 95134 USA URL: http://www.fortran.com/fortran/Fujitsu/fuji.html tel: (408) 456-7809, fax: (408) 456-7050, email: info@ossi.com Garnatz et Grovender Inc., 5301 26th Avenue South, Mineapolis MN 55417-1923 USA tel: (612) 722-3094, email: gginc@winternet.com HP URL: http://www.hp.com/go/workstations IBM URL: http://www.torolab.ibm.com:80/ap/fortran/xlfortran/ ICHOR, 27 rue Linne, F-75005 Paris, France tel: +33 1 43 37 02 02 IDRIS, B.P. 167, F-91403 Orsay Cedex, France Imagine1, 11930 Menaul Blvd. NE, Suite #106, Albuquerque, NM 87112, USA URL: http://www.imagine1.com/imagine1 fax: (505) 323-1759, tel: (505) 323-1758, email: info@imagine1.com ISO, 1 rue de Varembe, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneve 20, Switzerland fax: +41 22 734 10 79 Interactive Software Services Ltd., 25 St Michaels Close, Penkridge, Stafford ST19 5AD, UK tel: +44 1785 715588, fax: +44 1785 714913, email: support@issltd.demon.co.uk IT Independent Training Limited, 113 Liscombe, Birch Hill, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG12 7DE, UK tel: +44 344 860172, fax: +44 344 867992 KAI (Kuck & Associates), Champaign, IL USA tel: (217) 356-2288, fax: (217) 356-5199, email: katy@kai.com Lahey Computer Systems, Inc., 865 Tahoe Blvd., P.O. Box 6091, Incline Village, NV 89450, USA URL: http://www.lahey.com/ tel: (702) 831-2500, fax: (702) 831-8123, email: sales@lahey.com Microsoft URL: http://www.microsoft.com/fortran Microway, Research Park, Box 79, Kingston, MA 02364, USA tel: (508) 746-7341, fax: (508) 746-4678, email: nina@microway.com NA Software Ltd, Roscoe House, 62 Roscoe St., Liverpool L1 9DW, UK tel: +44 51 7094738, fax: +44 51 7095645, email: f90doc@nasoftwr.demon.co.uk NAG Ltd., Wilkinson House, Jordan Hill Road, Oxford, OX2 8DR, UK URL: http://www.nag.co.uk/ tel: +44 1865 311744, fax: +44 1865 311755, email: infodesk@nag.co.uk NAG Inc., 1400 Opus Place, Suite 200, Downers Grove, IL 60515-5702, USA tel: (708) 971-2345, fax: (708) 971-2346, email: infodesk@nag.com NAG GmbH., Schleissheimerstr. 5, D-85748 Garching, Germany tel: +49 89 3207395, fax: +49 89 3207396 NAG Office, Espace III, 62 Boulevard Frederic Arnaud, 09200 Saint Girons (Toulouse, France) NAG Users Association, PO Box 426, Oxford, OX2 8SD, UK tel: +44 1865 311102, fax: +44 1865 310139, email: nagua@nag.co.uk Pacific-Sierra Research Corp., 2901 28th Street, Santa Monica, CA 90405 URL: http://www.psrv.com tel: (310) 314-2300, fax: (310) 314-2323, email: info@psrv.com ParaSoft Corporation, 2500 E. Foothill Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91107, USA tel: (818) 792-9941, email: f90-info@parasoft.com PGI, The Portland Group, 9150 S.W Pioneer Ct., Suite H Wilsonville, OR 97070 ,USA URL: http://www.pgroup.com/ tel: (503) 682-2806, fax: (503) 682-2637 email: sales@pgroup.com Quetzal Computational Associates, 3200 Carlisle N.E., Albuquerque, NM 87110-1664, USA tel: (505) 889-4543, fax: (505) 889-4598, email: quetzal@aip.org Salford Software, Adelphi House, Adelphi Street, Salford M3 6EN, UK tel: +44 161 8342148, fax: +44 161 8342454, email: sales@salfsoft.demon.co.uk S.I. editions, 9 av. Prince Hereditaire Albert, MC-98000, Monaco tel: +33 92 05 35 51, fax: +33 92 05 35 04 Simulog, 1 rue James Joule, F-78286 Guyancourt Cedex, France tel: +33 1 30 12 27 00, fax: +33 1 30 12 27 27, email: plestan@simulog.fr (Mr. E. Plestan) Spackman & Hendrickson, Inc., 13708 Krestwood Drive, Burnsville, MN 55337, USA tel: (612) 892-5847, fax: (612) 892-5844 Sun Micro Systems URL: http://www.sun.com/ Unicom Seminars Ltd., Brunel Science Park, Cleveland Road, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, UK URL: http://www.demon.co.uk/unicom/ tel: +44 895 256484, fax: +44 895 813095, email: unicom@unicom.demon.co.uk Unicomp, Inc., 1874 San Bernardino Ave NE, Albuquerque, NM 87122, USA tel: (505) 275-0800, fax: (505) 856-1501, email: walt@fortran.com Visual Numerics, URL: http://www.vni.com/ email: mktg@houston.vni.com I am always pleased to receive informations. Thanks to all those who sent some to me, and that I can not cite all because I lost some of their names and addresses :-) Michel | Michel OLAGNON | email : Michel.Olagnon@ifremer.fr | | Centre de Brest - B.P. 70 | phone : +33 2 98 22 41 44 | | F-29280 PLOUZANE - FRANCE | fax : +33 2 98 22 41 35 | | WWW: http://www.ifremer.fr/ditigo/molagnon/molagnon.html | IFREMER: Institut Francais de Recherches pour l'Exploitation de la Mer URL: http://www.ifremer.fr De'partement Ge'nie Oce'anique URL: http://www.ifremer.fr/ditigo/ditigo.uk.html Cellule Oce'ano-Me'te'o URL: http://www.ifremer.fr/ditigo/com/com.html __________________________________________________________________________ 1.3.2) Fortran Market ------------------------------------------ ~Subject: (SC22WG5.609) Fortran Market/WWW ------------------------------------------ I hope all of you will be pleased to learn that the Fortran Market has established itself on the World Wide Web. Our goal is nothing short of providing one place to find all information, products, and services related to Fortran. The URLs are: http://www.fortran.com/fortran/market.html http://www.fortran.com/walt/fortran The Market is under construction (and probably always will be), but there is already some free software available (just some simple, but perhaps useful, things so far). There are pointers to other locations containing relevant information, so you now need to remember only one place to find it all. Much more information, particularly about products and servies will be available in the near future, but I thought you might want to have a Sneak Preview of what things will look like. Come visit the Market and let me know what you think of it. Thanks. <walt> ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; 2.1) Compilers and preprocessors 2.1.1) Where can I get a free (FORTRAN 77) compiler? There are few such in wide distribution: o f2c + any C compiler o f2c combined with djgpp o A combination of (f2cx + gcc + djgpp extender) o GNU's g77 o BC-F77 ;; One such is f2c: ----------------------------------------- ~From: mwm@a.gp.cs.cmu.edu (Mark Maimone) ----------------------------------------- Since there have been several requests for a Fortran to C translator in the past week, I'm reposting the announcement about f2c. The short answer is you can get f2c by anonymous ftp from: host: netlib.att.com directory: dist/f2c. ----------------------------------------------------------------- Source for f2c, a Fortran 77 to C translator jointly developed by folks from Bell Labs, Bellcore, and Carnegie Mellon, is now freely available. F2c was derived from the original UNIX operating system's f77(1), and the generated C follows f77's calling conventions; on some machines, the resulting object files are interchangeable with (and behave indistinguishably from) objects compiled by f77. The main "advantage" of f2c is that it converts ANSI standard Fortran 77 into C without manual intervention, at least when invoked by a suitable script or makefile (that may need to exercise an f2c option to ensure that COMMON blocks are defined just once). The main "problems" are that f2c does no code restructuring (e.g., gotos are preserved) and that Fortran I/O gets converted into a bunch of calls; thus the translated C code doesn't look too pretty, and in general one would need to maintain the Fortran rather than its translation into C. [F2c is not meant to displace the services of commercial vendors whose business is to convert Fortran into maintainable C.] There is a plethora of options, many of which exist to support different compilation environments for the translated C (e.g., ANSI C or C++ compatibility, different type sizes, separate files for COMMON blocks to appease "smart" linkers). So far f2c (and f2c-generated source) has compiled successfully on many machines: Sun, Vax, IBMRT, Apollo, SGI, MIPS, and Cray to name a few. F2c has been under test by the net community for over a year and has been verified on the NBS tests, several large math libraries, floating point tests, even code for laying cable on the ocean floor! To find out about f2c, send the following E-mail message to netlib (netlib@research.att.com or research!netlib): send index from f2c Your message will be answered automatically (by a program -- see CACM vol. 30 #5 (May, 1987), pp. 403-407). You will receive a reply explaining how to automatically acquire f2c source (about 600K), f2c library source (130K), and supporting info (man page, etc). Or you can anonymous-FTP to: research.att.com and look in directory dist/f2c at these files: all.Z -- 250K compressed shar file for f2c f2c.ps.Z -- 24 page tech report describing f2c index -- general info about files libf77.Z, libi77.Z -- compressed shar files for libraries ****************************** DISCLAIMER ****************************** Careful! Anything free comes with no guarantee. --- Mark Maimone phone: (412) 268 - 7698 Carnegie Mellon Computer Science email: mwm@cs.cmu.edu cmcspt!mwm@cs.cmu.edu Notes: f2c accepts only fairly vanilla FORTRAN; vendor supplied f77's usually produce better quality code, and accept a wider variety of codes. More about f2c from Judah Milgram --------------------------------- I recently asked about running f2c with djgpp. Turns out to be easy and together they make a good Fortran compiler for PC's. Here's a summary. I started with f2c dated Nov. 1994 (netlib.att.com in netlib/f2c). djgpp was v. 1.12 (omnigate.clarkson.edu in pub/msdos/djgpp.) Use the pre-compiled msdos f2c executable that comes with the f2c release. Compile the libraries with djgpp, making the changes listed below. They aren't necessarily the most sensible changes, but they worked for me. Write if you have a better idea. Thanks to all net people who helped, especially Dr. James Lupo. Judah Milgram milgram@glue.umd.edu _______________________________________________ libf77/makefile: change: CC = cc to: CC = gcc comment out: ld -r -x -o $*.xxx $*.o mv $*.xxx $*.o libf77/s_paus.c: change: extern int getpid(void), isatty(int), pause(void); to: extern int getpid(void), isatty(int); #ifndef _djgpp_std_h extern int pause(void); #endif libi77/makefile: change: CC = cc to: CC = gcc comment out: ld -r -x -o $*.xxx $*.o mv $*.xxx $*.o libi77/fio.h: add to top of file: #ifdef abs #undef abs #endif libi77/rawio.h: comment out entire block: #ifdef MSDOS #include "io.h" #define close _close #define creat _creat #define open _open #define read _read #define write _write #endif Easiest way to build libf2c.a is to go into the f2c/ directory and do: ar r libf2c.a libf77/*.o libi77/*.o ranlib libf2c.a (If you do it this way you can delete libf77/libf77.a and libi77/libi77.a) Then copy libf2c.a into djgpp/lib and copy f2c.h into djgpp/include And remember to run the executable with 'go32 foo'. Or, do 'coff2exe foo' to produce a .exe file which you can run in the usual manner. --------------------------------------------- ~From: Greg Lindahl <gl8f@fermi.clas.virginia.edu> --------------------------------------------- f2c is quite free. A ready to use package (F2CX + GCC + DJGPP) from Clive Page: I have packaged up a free Fortran77 system for MS-DOS into two files which are each just under 1.4 MB (to fit on 2 floppy disks). This isn't actually a compiler but relies on the F2CX translator to convert Fortran77 into C, and then GNU's GCC compiler plus the DOS-extender of DJGPP to get a flat 32-bit address space on MS-DOS. This sounds awkward to use, but works surprisingly well on most Fortran code that I have used. Warning: this is free software, no warranties at all, but it works for me and some of my colleagues also say it works for them. The files are available by anonymous FTP from: host: ftp.star.le.ac.uk in directory: pub/fortran files: ff77.tex Instructions for installation and use, Latex format (22k) ff77.ps Ditto, but in Postscript (99k) ff77.000 First binary file (1.4 MB) ff77.001 Second binary file (1.1 MB) tar.exe DOS version of Unix TAR, needed to extract s/w (52k) Transfer the ff77.tex (or .ps) file in ASCII mode, the others need BINARY mode. In the same directory you will also find an electronic copy of a Fortran77 book which I wrote some years ago. It's available in Latex and Postscript form in compressed (gzip) files prof77.tex.gz (113 kbytes) prof77.ps.gz (224 kbytes) Enjoy. ;; gnu g77: ----------------------------------------------------- ~From: zrzm0111@helpdesk.rus.uni-stuttgart.de (MUFTI) ----------------------------------------------------- The FSF has a f77 front end integrated with the gcc back end. "A mailing list exists for those interested in the Fortran front end for GCC. To subscribe, ask: info-gnu-fortran-request@prep.ai.mit.edu Or try: finger -l fortran@gate.gnu.ai.mit.edu There is no FSF project to do a f90 front end. The author of the g77 front end is willing, if anyone will fund it. -------------------------------------------------------- ~From Bill Thorson <thorson@typhoon.atmos.colostate.edu> -------------------------------------------------------- GNU Fortran (g77) Copyright (C) 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc. GNU Fortran (g77) Version 0.5.13 is now available to the public for beta testing in the usual GNU locations. The distribution is named: g77-*.tar.gz. Where the '*' is the current version number. g77 requires that you also have a recent distribution of gcc. This compiler currently builds and installs it's own version of the f2c libraries (libf2c.a). See g77 documentation for list of features or bugs. Most GNU software is packed using the GNU `gzip' compression program. Source code is available on most sites distributing GNU software. For information on how to order GNU software on tape, floppy or cd-rom, or printed GNU manuals, check the file etc/ORDERS in the GNU Emacs distribution or in GNUinfo/ORDERS on prep, or e-mail a request to: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu ;; gnu update on g77: -------------------------------------------------- Sender: Michael.Taeschner@Student.Uni-Magdeburg.DE -------------------------------------------------- Hi, since I read question 2.1.1 at least once a week in this newsgroup, I would like to refer the asking (usually students, who need fortran for some kind of project, but do not want to spend a lot of money) to your FAQ like others do. Unfortunately I think that the info in this section is somewhat rather old. I would encourage you to make additions regarding the availibility of g77: 1. g77 is now at version 0.5.18, it should be used with gcc-2.7.2, because of some improvements in both. It works quite stable and allows (in difference to f2c/gcc) the debugging at source code level (with gdb, newer versions). 2. There are binaries in many linux-distributions, so you are not required to compile it yourself (which is not too difficult, but some work) 3. Michael Holzapfel provided OS/2 binaries using the emx-port of gcc. He wrote, that he will try to keep them up-to-date for the next two years. These can be found for instance at: ftp.leo.org but many other os/2-mirrors carry them too, one might use archie. Because most students search a compiler for MS-DOS, I want to emphasize, that these are running fine under DOS and take advantage of all available memory. With the additional rsx-package they run also with win3.1, win/nt and win95. 4. I tried the recommended bcf for DOS some time ago and was not able to run any fortran code. (maybe I'm stupid) The system seems to be mainly for teaching fortran and is rather limited. Anyone who wants to compile and run real applications should g77 give a try, it's worth every cent. BC-F77: ------------------------------------------ ~from: Kurt Jaeger pi@rus.uni-stuttgart.de ------------------------------------------ Someone asked for a cheap MS-DOS Fortran compiler for students. The bcf77 by Andreas Koesterli has a free student version. The student version may not be used in a comercial enviroment or to solve commerical problems. It's a version that writes a non-standard object format and requires 640KB. If all input is in UPPERCASE, it supports the full Fortran 77 standard. The site is: ftp.uni-stuttgart.de the compiler can be found in: /pub/systems/pc/lang/fortran/compiler/bcf77.zip It can be accessed via: ftpmail@ftp.uni-stuttgart.de for those of you without ftp. ----------------------------------------- ~From: barbee@noir.llnl.gov (Troy Barbee) ----------------------------------------- In article <1991Dec11.160531@IASTATE.EDU>, cfrandal@IASTATE.EDU (Charles F Randall) writes: |> Note that the .txt file for this NOT in English: |> |> BC-FORTRAN77 Version.b besteht aus Compiler, Linker, |> Modulbibliothek und einem residenten Laufzeitsystem, das |> u.a. einen einfachen Debugger enthaelt. Diese Version |> laeuft auf einem MS-DOS Rechner mit 640kB RAM. Eine |> Festplatte ist nicht erforderlich. Hiermit soll in |> einfacher Weise ein Compiler fuer Programmierkurse |> zur Verfuegung stehen. Dem kommt entgegen, dass |> entsprechende Compiler fuer ATARI ST und AMIGA existieren. |> |> Anfragen nach Zusendung einer anderen oder neueren Version |> werde ich nur noch beantworten, wenn DM 20.- (Schein oder |> Scheck) Aufwandsentschaedigung (Diskette, Umschlag, Porto |> und Zeit) beigefuegt sind. Ich versende ausschliesslich |> 3 1/2 Zoll Disketten. |> |> Anybody willing to translate? Here's a quick and dirty translation (i.e., I didn't look in my dictionary, so the sentences in [] are just rough translations) BC-FORTRAN77 Version b consists of a compiler, linker, module library, and a resident runtime system that contains (among other things) a simple debugger. This version runs on a MS-DOS computer with 640KB RAM. A hard disk is not required. [The intent is to provide a compiler for programming courses in a simple manner. Similar compilers exist for the ATARI ST and the AMIGA.] Requests for another or a newer version will only be answered if they are accompanied by DM 20.- (check or cash) to defray costs (diskette, envelope, postage, and time). I can only send 3 1/2 inch diskettes. ---------------------------------------- ~From: pmh2962@zeus.tamu.edu (Pat Hayes) ---------------------------------------- "BC-FORTRAN 1.3b, is a FORTRAN compiler from Germany. The documentation is in German. Sample source code is included. The compiler generates big, inefficient EXE programs and is offered only because there are no other pd/shareware FORTRAN compilers available. 700K of disk spac