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rec.pets.dogs: Doberman Breed-FAQ


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Archive-name: dogs-faq/breeds/dobermans
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Last-modified: 30 Jan 1997

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                                 DOBERMAN FAQ
                                       
Author

   Lynn Petrangelo, Copyright (c) 1995/1997
   
Table of Contents

     * Description 
     * Characteristics 
     * Temperament 
     * History 
     * Dobermans at War 
     * Pilot Dogs 
     * Official Standard 
     * Colors of the Doberman 
     * White Dobermans 
     * Care and Training 
     * Winterizing Your Doberman 
     * Breed specific titles 
     * Additional Titles 
     * Special Medical Problems 
     * Allergies 
     * Frequently Asked Questions 
     * Resources 
       Books 
       Periodicals 
       Clubs 
       Email List for Doberman Owners 
       Breed Rescue Organizations 
       Breeders 
     * Acknowledgments
       
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
DESCRIPTION

   The Doberman is a power packed medium sized dog. The Dobe has a
   beautifully wedge shaped head, a well arched neck that flows into
   smooth fitting shoulders which blend into a firm strong topline.
   Connect this with a muscular rear assembly and a well turned stifle,
   with tight fitting skin covered with short close fitting coat and you
   have a clean crisp silhouette of a dog that possesses an air of
   nobility, an alertness to his surroundings, and the courage and
   mobility to respond to any situation.
   
   The Doberman is a dog that comes with a built in high energy level and
   watching this short backed galloper run free (flat out with four off
   the floor) along the beach, in a field, or through the mountains has
   left many owners explaining what they see by describing the
   gracefulness, speed and beauty of a deer.
   
   NOTE: Caution - be VERY careful with your Doberman during hunting
   season!!
   
   Even though the Doberman was originally bred as a guardian and
   personal protector, the Doberman has an excellent nose for tracking
   and has been used for capturing felons. For many years the Doberman
   has been chosen to become an outstanding member of Search and Rescue
   Teams. A few owners have been surprised by the pointing and retrieving
   instincts of the Dobe and have made excellent hunting companions out
   of their pets. Dobes can also be found herding sheep (one such Dobe
   even has a Herding Dog Certificate) and bringing the cows in at
   milking time. The Dobermans loyalty, devotion, confidence and high
   degree of trainability (in the right hands) made the Doberman the dog
   of choice by the USMC during WWII; giving his life for his country. In
   contrast, this same breed has been and is still being used as a guide
   dog as well as an outstanding therapy dog.
   
   The Doberman is one of the smartest dogs of dogdom. He is known for
   his intelligence and his uncanny reasoning ability. These qualities
   combined with the Dobe's deceptive power, exuberance for life, and his
   simple yet complex nature and temperament require extra time for early
   socialization, obedience training, and ample exercise. The Doberman is
   not recommended for dog owners of limited time, energy, and
   experience.
   
   On the other hand, the Doberman is extremely affectionate and has been
   able to find his way into the hearts of his owners, like no other
   breed, and many people are life long devotes of this magnificent
   "Cadillac" of dogs.
   
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
CHARACTERISTICS

   Ask a any Doberman owner and they will tell you a Doberman is a
   character with character. Look into those dark dancing eyes and you
   just know the Dobe is off to satisfy his curiosity. Investigating
   every tree and rock. Letting every blade of grass reveal it's
   "secrets" to a very fine tuned nose; alert for any movement (a
   squirrel, a lizard, a butterfly) that will provide a chase. Returning,
   perhaps with a grin, letting you know how fortunate you are to be
   "protected" by such a fine companion/guardian.
   
   NOTE: Dobe pups have a propensity to put "everything" in their mouths.
   Be sure to clear the yard/floor before letting a puppy out/down to
   play.
   
   Caution also needs to be taken if your Dobe will be encountering other
   dogs. With proper introductions (back to the early socialization and
   training) some Dobes will enjoy playing with other dogs. Other Dobes
   are not at all social.
   
   NOTE: Male Dobermans are known to be territorial and normally WILL NOT
   accept other males in any situation...i.e. living with another male or
   meeting another male.
   
   Look into the soft loving eyes of a Dobe, read what he is saying...You
   are being told you are the center of this dog's world. He will match
   your emotions, takes direction from your acceptance or non-acceptance
   of a situation. If he perceives there is "something wrong with this
   picture" or senses your fear he comes to attention - the eyes change -
   ready to meet the challenge.
   
   NOTE: The instinct to protect is natural (i.e. early socialization
   will NOT undermine this trait), and further "guard dog" training is
   not necessary. A prospective Doberman owner being advised to forego
   early socialization, puppy kindergarten, and obedience training to
   produce a protective Dobe is being ILL ADVISED!
   
   Living outside in a kennel or expected to stay in the backyard without
   constant attention and in a position as an important member of the
   family causes a host of problems with a Doberman. Often a Dobe that is
   relegated to this type of living arrangement goes hand in hand with
   poor training and these Dobes often show evidences of shyness, fear,
   and nervousness.
   
   NOTE: As with any breed there will be dogs that exhibit these traits
   even when the breeding/training are correctly administered.
   
   Dobes are people dogs -- showing an extraordinary devotion to their
   family or owner. A Dobe is very happy to settle down once inside
   (providing he has had time to exercise) to share your home, your bed
   (takes it over), and your food. It is also very normal for your Dobe
   to smile, lean on you, bump your hand for more attention, and follow
   you from room to room. For these reasons, Dobes are often referred to
   as "Velcro" dogs and one of the advantages of such a dog is; you never
   have to go to the bathroom alone again!
   
   The Doberman is no different in their reactions to children than any
   other breed of dog. Interaction with children when the Doberman is a
   puppy often enables the dog to develop a strong loving bond with the
   child and family. There are also stories of rescued and older dogs
   adapting well to children. HOWEVER, as with any dog, ANY BREED, it is
   advisable NOT to leave dogs and small children unsupervised.
   
   When faced with sickness, Dobermans can be quite stoic, concealing
   their pain long before you know something is wrong. A healthy Doberman
   comes to you, or moves around in the yard, with a special little trot,
   while a sick Dobe does more walking or plodding, perhaps holding its
   head and neck level or down. Some Dobes curl up and don't want to
   move. Their eyes are sometimes sad and almost soul searching.
   
   Depending on the illness, some Dobes don't eat and may pace or move
   from one spot to another, restless and panting. Others may stretch a
   lot or try unsuccessfully to urinate. Dobes have been known to swallow
   items that can block the digestive track. If this is the case, your
   Dobe may not want to eat, or if he does eat, he will throw up, and
   pace and stretch again. Check with your vet if your Dobe shows any of
   these symptoms.
   
   The hardest part of owning a Dobe is to be confronted with evidence of
   his mortality, that a loyal companion may no longer be there. It is
   then that you are faced with your only disappointment in owning a Dobe
   - the loss of your loved one. "It is then in these hours ... that he
   will best be able to face this difficult time, if he looks to the
   demeanor of his Dobe ... for it is their distinction that they
   squarely face adversity, not unlike that of a professional soldier."
   (anonymous)
   
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
TEMPERAMENT

  In the Early Days, 100 years ago...
  
   Early records tell us that the Doberman in Germany was a dog used by
   men as a guard dog. A dog that was alert, fearless, aggressive,
   intelligent, and trainable. The dogs were described as being "sharp"
   and became very popular as a police and watch dog. This type of
   temperament may have been accepted and desired in the rural settings
   of the past, but certainly not a temperament or dog that could survive
   in the urban society of today.
   
  The Doberman of Today...
  
   During the past 100 years the committed Doberman breeder has been able
   to produce a much milder/steadier disposition than the earlier dogs
   exhibited. Upon close examination, the breed is found in a variety of
   working positions as well as being an excellent dog for competition
   performances, the conformation ring, and a devoted family
   dog/clown/couch potato.
   
  Questions about the Doberman Temperament
  
   Quoted below are the two issues of temperament discussed in the AKC
   Standard for the Doberman. These areas are shyness and aggression.
   Either, if improperly displayed, will result in the Doberman being
   disqualified or excused from the ring.
   
   "The judge shall dismiss from the ring any shy or vicious Doberman."
   
   Shyness - A dog shall be judged fundamentally shy if, refusing to
   stand for examination, it shrinks away from the judge; if it fears an
   approach from the rear; if it shies at sudden and unusual noises to a
   marked degree.
   
   Viciousness - A dog that attacks or attempts to attack either the
   judge or its handler, is definitely vicious. An aggressive or
   belligerent attitude towards other dogs shall not be deemed
   viciousness."
   
  FAQ's about the Doberman Temperament
  
   _Are Dobermans Are Nervous?_
          No, a Doberman is not nervous. They are full of energy. If a
          Doberman owner tends to be nervous, stressed, and unsure of how
          to properly handle/train a Doberman, the Dobe will often
          display his owner's nervousness and confusion.
          
   _Are Dobermans Shy?_
          No, a properly bred Doberman is not shy. Early socialization
          and training should be part of developing the correct
          temperament of a Dobe.
          
          
          NOTE: This is not to say there are no shy Dobermans. As with
          any breed there are dogs that exhibit abnormal behavior and
          since there are various types and degrees of shyness. If you
          are having trouble with your Doberman, please contact a
          qualified Doberman trainer, join the Doberman discussion list
          (DOBERWORLD-L), and also inquire about the shy dog list.
          
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
HISTORY

   In the village of Apolda, in the state of Thuringen, in the southern
   part of Germany lived Louis Dobermann (1823 - 1894). Louis Dobermann
   was employed as a tax collector, a "dog catcher", a night watchman,
   and as a supervisor for local slaughter houses. As a night watchman,
   Herr Dobermann found his need for a suitable dog to accompany him on
   his rounds. It is also not beyond imagining a protection dog would be
   desirable while working as a tax collector carrying large amounts of
   money.
   
   NOTE: Old records tell of a "dog market" that had been held in
   Thuringen since 1863. Its purpose was to improve the strains and to
   educate owners as to the advantages of pure breed dogs. The dogs were
   divided into various classes (perhaps one of the first dogs shows),
   and we are told "all of the twelve guard-dogs were rubbish except a
   Pinscher."
   
   Herr Dobermann also had a great interest in breeding dogs and was
   certainly exposed, through his various occupations and by attending
   the "dog market," to a variety of dogs. That enabled him, along with
   his two friends, Herr Rebel and Herr Stegmann, to produce within a few
   generations dogs that quickly became renowned as a fearless protection
   dog. These dogs could also be used as a gun-dog, for eradicating
   vermin, and for herding sheep. They were said to be very intelligent,
   to have great stamina, and were highly trainable.
   
   The exact genesis of the Doberman is not known, but listed below are
   suggestions that appear to make up the ancestry of the Doberman:
   
   Rottweiler -
   The early Doberman was coarse, heavy headed, short-legged - steady and
   self-reliant.
   
   The Old German Pinscher (now extinct) -
          Black and tan, smooth coat, and energetic.
          
   The Older Black and Tan German Shepherd -
          Giving the early Doberman a heavy grey undercoat.
          
   Sporting Dogs -
          Used to lengthen the head - attentive, loving, territorial.
          
   Weimaraner -
          Points, retrieves, good nose for tracking. Possible
          introduction of the gene for producing the blue Doberman.
          
   Blue Dane -
          Ferocious - used for boar hunting.
          
   Manchester Terrier -
          Authenticated crosses in 1890's. The Manchester was used to
          improve the coat, head type, eye color, and rust markings. This
          cross was used again six years later.
          
   English Greyhound -
          A black English Greyhound with white chest markings was used
          sometime between 1900 - 1908. Speed and refinement.
          
   The first official records of the Doberman appear in the stud books of
   the Dobermannpinscher Verein stud book of 1890 in Germany.
   
   The Dobermann is one of the few breeds that has been named after a
   person. There is also record of an heirloom photograph of Herr
   Dobermann, given for a prize at one of the dog shows, which indicates
   that Herr Dobermann was acknowledged as a respected breeder and his
   dogs were held in high regard.
   
   Otto Goeller, who became very interested in the breed and used the
   kennel name of Thuringen, is credited with further refining and
   stabilizing the breed. In 1889, Herr Goeller established the first
   "Dobermann Pinscher Club." .
   
   Herr Goeller, along with a fellow townsman Herr Gorswin who bred
   Dobermanns bearing the kennel name of Groenland, produced several of
   the most important Dobermanns in the breed's history. These dogs can
   be found in the ancestry of the modern Dobermann.
   
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
DOBERMANS AT WAR

   <under construction >
   
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
PILOT DOGS

   <under construction >
   
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
OFFICIAL STANDARD

  AKC Breed Standard (condensed):
  
   General Appearance:
          The appearance is that of a dog of medium size, with a body
          that is square. Compactly built, muscular and powerful, for
          great endurance and speed. Elegant in appearance, of proud
          carriage, reflecting great nobility and temperament. Energetic,
          watchful, determined, alert, fearless, loyal and obedient.
          
   Size, Proportion, Substance:
          Height at the withers: Dogs 26 to 28 inches, ideal about 27 1/2
          inches. Bitches 24 to 26 inches, ideal about 25 1/2 inches. The
          height measured vertically form the group to the highest point
          of the withers, equaling the length measure horizontally from
          the forechest to the rear projection of the upper thigh. Length
          of head, neck and legs in proportion to length and depth of
          body.
          
   Head:
          Long and dry, resembling a blunt wedge in both frontal and
          profile views.
          
   Eyes:
          Almond shaped, moderately deep set, with vigorous energetic
          expression.
          
   Ears:
          Normally cropped and carried erect, is on a level with the top
          of the skull.
          
   Teeth:
          42 correctly place teeth. Strongly developed and white.
          
   Neck, Topline, Body:
          Proudly carried will muscled and dry. Withers pronounced and
          forming the highest point of the body. Back short, firm, of
          sufficient width, and muscular at the loins, extending in a
          straight line from withers to the slightly rounded croup.
          
   Chest:
          Broad with forechest will defined. Brisket reaching deep to the
          elbow. Belly well tucked up extending in a curved line from the
          brisket.
          
   Tail:
          Docked at approximately the second joint and carried only
          slightly above the horizontal with the dog is alert.
          
   Forequarters:
          Shoulder Blade sloping forward and downward at a 45-degree
          angle to the ground, meets the upper arm at an angle of 90
          degrees. Legs seen from front and side, perfectly straight and
          parallel to each other from elbow to pastern: muscled and
          sinewy, with heavy bone. Feet well arched, compact, and
          catlike, turning neither in nor out.
          
   Hindquarters:
          The angulation of the hindquarters balances that of the
          forequarters. Hip Bone falls away form spinal column at an
          angle of about 30 degrees producing a slightly rounded, will
          filled out croup.
          
   Coat:
          Smooth-haired, short, hard, thick and close lying.
          
   Color and Markings:
          Allowed colors: Black, red, blue, fawn (Isabella). Markings:
          Rust, sharply defined, appearing about each eye and on muzzle,
          throat and forechest, on all legs and feet and below the tail.
          
   Gait:
          Fee, balanced, and vigorous, with good reach in the
          forequarters and good driving power in the hindquarters.
          
   Temperament:
          Energetic, watchful, determines, alert, fearless, loyal, and
          obedient.
          
                         _See also: Doberman Pinscher - AKC Breed Standard_
                                                                         
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
COLORS OF THE DOBERMAN

   The breed can trace its history back to the Dobermannpinshcerherverein
   stud book of 1890. In 1899 only one color was recognized, the black
   and rust. In 1901 two other colors were allowed, these additional
   colors were; the brown and rust, and blue and rust. With the fawn
   (Isabella) being recognized in 1969, this brought the total to four
   allowed colors for the Doberman in the USA.
   
   The fawn (Isabella) Doberman is a known recessive gene (dilution) of
   the reds; while the blue Doberman is a known recessive gene (dilution)
   of the black. This is a simple autosomal (either sex) recessive gene.
   Both parents have to "carry" this gene in order to produce the
   dilution, or depending on which genotype, all four colors a "rainbow"
   litter.
   
   The blue and fawn Doberman ARE NOT rare (meaning they should NOT
   demand a higher price than a red or black); as you can readily see the
   mode of inheritance for the blue and fawn is a VERY well known simple
   genetic fact. Many within the Doberman community do a considerable
   amount of research when planning a breeding and breed accordingly,
   often times this will eliminate producing blues and fawns.
   
   Combining the four allowed colors (phenotype) with the 9 possible
   genotypes will result in 81 possible combinations of breedings. In
   order for the serious Doberman breeder to understand the probability
   of the puppy phenotype, a color chart has been devised and each of the
   four colors (including their varied genotype expressions) have been
   assigned a number from 1 - 9.
   
   NOTE: Below is a SMALL example of what is included in the color chart.
   This is NOT a complete listing of the 9 assigned numbers.
   
   B is the "black" factor, dominant over red.
   
   b is the "red" factor, recessive to black.
   
   D is the dominant "non-dilution" factor.
   
   d is the recessive "dilution" factor.
   
   A number 1 BBDD (black phenotype) will produce ONLY black.
   
   A number 2 BBDd (black phenotype) will produce only black and blue
   puppies unless bread to a #1 BBDD black, a #3 BbDD black or a #7 bbDD
   red.
   
   A number 3 BbDD (black phenotype) will produce red and blacks except
   when bred to a #1 BBDD black, a #2 BBDd black, or a #5 BBdd (blue
   phenotype) in which case only blacks will be produced.
   
   A number 4 BbDd (black phenotype) can produce all four colors when
   bred to another #4, a #8 bbDd (red phenotype), a 9 bbdd (fawn
   phenotype), or a #6 Bbdd (blue phenotype).
   
                                          _See also: Color in the Doberman_
                                                                         
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
WHITE DOBERMANS

   In 1980's the white Doberman made it's appearance and it has been
   found that the white gene is a separate gene, and is located at a
   different genetic site (locus) than the color (B) and dilution (D)
   that is the basis of the four allowed colors for the Doberman. The
   white gene does not interfere with these four known colors of the
   Doberman and does not need to be included in the color chart.
   
   The white Doberman is considered an incomplete or partial albino. The
   dogs have blue eyes and are cream colored with light tan markings. The
   dogs suffer from photo phobia (photosensitive). This means the dogs
   cannot tolerate light, often closing their eyes and bumping into
   objects when put in unfamiliar surroundings. Their temperaments range
   from being very shy to fear biters. These are not the attributes a
   responsible breeder or one that is familiar with the criteria of a
   working dog wish to produce or perpetuate.
   
   WARNING: The white Doberman is NOT considered to be of great value
   (charging more/more expensive) by Responsible Breeders. Responsible
   Breeders DO NOT include the white Doberman in their breeding
   stock/programs.
   
   The WHITE color is a DISQUALIFICATION and these dogs CANNOT COMPETE in
   the conformation ring.
   
                                          _See also: Operation "White" Out_
                                                                         
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
CARE AND TRAINING

  Feeding
  
   Many Doberman breeders recommend a lower protein puppy food (less than
   28%) for the first months of puppyhood. They also discontinue feeding
   puppy food at an early age, ~4 months. This practice is thought to
   help reduce the incidence of Panosteitis (wandering lameness) and
   reduce the rapid growth produced by a higher ratio of protein found in
   most commercial puppy foods.
   
  Ear Cropping
  
   This is such a critical area of care for a Doberman owner that our
   first advice is to make sure you understand ear cropping should *ONLY*
   be done by those that are very experienced in this procedure.
   
   If you have not purchased your Doberman from a knowledgeable breeder
   or are thinking of purchasing a Doberman please make inquires to your
   local kennel club in order to contact a Doberman breeder/handler/vet
   in your area. This will enable you to see adult dogs, the length of
   ears, the style of the crop, and seek advice about who did the
   cropping and learn about the amount time and commitment it takes for
   the ears to stand. If you plan on showing your Dobe, make sure that
   you find out about a show crop. See the descriptions below:
   
  Length of Ears
  
   Military/Pet Crop:
          This ear is shorter in length and has a wider base (bell). Does
          not (usually) take very long to stand. Not seen on many Dobes
          today.
          
   Medium Crop:
          A longer ear with a little less bell.
          
   Show Crop:
          This crop is longer and a little narrower than the other two
          crops.
          
  Ear Taping
  
   Aftercare of the Doberman ear should only be done under the guidance
   of an experienced Doberman vet/breeder/handler. It requires time and
   commitment on the part of the owner. Most agree that the ears should
   be taped for a week, then untapped long enough to allow the ears to
   breathe and dry out, then taped back up again. The longer the ears are
   left untapped, the longer it will take for them to stand on their own.
   By the time the pups permanent teeth come in (around 6 months), or
   before, they should be able to stand upright with no artificial
   support.
   
   Important things to remember when taping the ear:
     * Check for odors (should not have a foul smell)
     * Don't allow the ear become wet. If this should happen, rewrap with
       dry tape.
     * DO NOT take the ears down and let the ears "hang" for any length
       of time.
     * When the ear(s) fall -- put them right back up in the roll.
       
   A good starting point to learn more about ear taping is Joanna
   Walker's _The New Doberman Pinscher_, Chapter 27.
   
   If you have problems finding breeders in your area or are having
   problems with your Dobes ears please consider joining Doberworld-l or
   email dobe@netcom.com.
   
  Grooming
  
   Nail care is best handled by grinding due to the dark color of the
   Dobermans nail. With grinding you won't run the risk of cutting into
   the quick. Grinding should be started as early as possible and may
   need to be done weekly or bi-weekly when the nails are under control.
   NOTE: If you turn the dog's foot over and look underneath the toenail
   you will "see" where the quick comes to the end of the nail (there is
   a little "v") and beyond that is the part that you want to grind
   down/off. Knowing/seeing where the quick stops and the nail begins
   will eliminate "quicking" the dog.
   
   NOTE: If grooming the nails of your Dobe resemble a wrestling match or
   it has become a traumatic event - please seek help from a Dobe
   breeder/handler. Done properly, your Dobe will stand/sit/lie down to
   have their nails done.
   
   You have three options for the proper care of your Doberman's teeth:
    1. Brush his/her teeth daily.
    2. Periodically scale his/her teeth with a professional scaler to
       remove the build up of plaque and tartar. Place the flat, sharp
       side of the instrument against the tooth and scrape downward on
       the tooth. Make sure to start up under the gum and then scrape
       down. Most veterinarians are more than glad to show you exactly
       how to do this.
    3. Make an appointment with your vet to have your Doberman's teeth
       cleaned. Most veterinarians will anesthetize your dog to perform
       this procedure, so this is definitely the most risky option.
       
   The Doberman's coat should not require very much attention. Rubber
   (Premo) brushes work well. Also, a quick brush with a wool sock works
   to get a great shine and put all those little hairs in just the proper
   place. To get a fast shine and great smell on your Dobe (good for
   company or the ring), mix a little Listerene and water in a spray
   bottle and apply a small mist to your Dobe, then wipe down with a soft
   towel. Always wipe/brush *with* the growth of the coat. Bathing should
   be kept to a minimum, using a very mild shampoo and rinsing
   thoroughly.
   
   Eye "goobers" (mucus build-up) are common in Dobes and should be wiped
   out daily. The color of the discharge should be gray. Yellow or green
   discharge signals an infection and your Dobe should see a vet.
   
  Toys
  
   The Doberman is likely to be able to destroy most toys suitable for
   other breeds. One safe bet is a Kong toy which is fairly
   indestructible. Dobes also have a love of tennis balls but these
   should only be provided with supervision. There are known cases of
   Dobermans choking on tennis balls. Beware of products stating they can
   be "ingested" safely. This DOES NOT mean they can be digested
   successfully.
   
  Training
  
   Dobermans NEED socialization, socialization, socialization. A Puppy
   Kindergarten Class is a very suitable place for you and your Doberman
   to start. Following up with a basic (perhaps even a going on to a
   Novice) obedience course is also highly recommended. Your Doberman is
   a very intelligent working dog and will love learning. Please check
   into getting an AKC Canine Good Citizen (CGC) award for your Dobe.
   
  Housing
  
   A Dobe is not a dog that does well outside. They are a people dog and
   do well in the same environment that you prefer. If you are too hot,
   so is your Dobe. If you are too cold, or don't like standing in the
   sun, you can bet your Dobe is uncomfortable too.
   
   A fenced yard is a big plus (some breeders require it) but a Doberman
   can do well in a small yard or even in an apartment as long as the
   owner realizes that the Doberman loves (demands) exercise and must be
   willing to provide daily walks and or runs.
   
                                             _See also: Health Care Issues_
                                                                         
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
WINTERIZING YOUR DOBERMAN

   <under construction >
   
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
BREED SPECIFIC TITLES

   The DPCA (Doberman Pinscher Club Of America) has devised a temperament
   test that demonstrates the proper characteristics for which the
   Doberman was created.
   
   The requirements are: the dog must be a Doberman, at least 18 months
   of age, must be AKC registered or have an ILP (Indefinite Listing
   Privileges obtained from AKC) number. To find when and where these
   tests are held one should contact their local Doberman club, or the
   DPCA.
   
   The tests include 5 exercises that evaluates the dogs responses to:
   
   People
          + The Neutral and Friendly Strangers
          
   Auditory
          + The Hidden Clattering and The Gunshots
          
   Visual
          + The Umbrella
          
   Footing
          + Walking Across Variable Surfaces
          
   Threat
          + The Protective Reaction
          
   Upon passing this test the Doberman is awarded a WAC (Working Aptitude
   Certificate) and in some cases you may see a dog advertised or
   referred to as:
   
   
   Doberworld's Total Dobe WAC
   
   or if the Doberman has a CD (Obed title):
   
   
   Doberworld's Total Dobe CD WAC
   
   or if the Doberman has a Championship title (Breed title), a CD, and
   the *WAC:
   
   
   Ch. Doberworld's Total Dobe CD ROM
   
   * notice the change of the WAC to a ROM. Total Dobe has now
   demonstrated that s/he is a complete Doberman and is awarded a
   Register of Merit.
   
   As an aside, serious breeders do not confine testing of their Dobes to
   only the breed and performance events. Rising importance is being
   placed on those Dobermans which are tested for vWD, hypothyroidism,
   hip dysplasia (OFA certification) and CERF tests (done yearly).
   
   Ch. Total Dobe CD ROM CGC has now proven him/herself is proficient in
   conformation, is trainable, has the proper Doberman temperament, and
   passed available health tests. THIS is the Doberman the responsible
   knowledgeable breeder will use in breeding programs. This is the
   Doberman found in the knowledgeable/educated/responsible Doberman
   community.
   
   
   Ch. Total Dobe CD ROM CGC
   vWD clear, thyroid normal, OFA'd, CERF'd
   Full and proper dentition
   
   The complete Doberman.
   
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
ADDITIONAL TITLES

   Within the past 10/15 years, some within the Doberman fancy have
   turned their attention to the Dobermann in Germany, Holland, and other
   European countries. This interest has resulted in many fine imports.
   Imported dogs bearing their European breed championships linked with
   their working titles, these Dobermanns have been successfully combined
   with some of the outstanding American Dobermans. The resulting
   combinations can be found in the conformation ring, obedience trials,
   and in organizations devoted to the working dog. It can be very
   confusing to try and sort all of the various titles found in the
   pedigrees of these Dobermanns, so we are listing them for you below.
   
    ---Conformation Titles---
    
   Hol Ch
          Holland Ch.
   Spa Ch
          Spanish Ch.
   Ger Ch
          German Ch. (also listed as D Ch. for "Deutsche" Ch.)
   Int. Ch
          International Ch.
   VDH Ch
          Verein Deutscher Hunde, the German National Kennel Club
          (equivalent to AKC)
   N Ch.
          Norwegian Ch.
   S Ch.
          Swedish Ch.
   D Ch.
          possibly Dutch Ch. or German Ch. Dutch is usually N Ch. or S
          Ch.
   Sieger
          Sieger means "victor" and there are 5 Sieger shows a year. The
          main winner in dogs is a Sieger and the main winner in Bitches
          is a Siegerin.
   Bdsg
          (Bundessieger) German Sieger. Bundes"leistungs"sieger refers to
          a working National Champion.
   Weltsg
          World Sieger
   DV Sg
          Dobermann Verein Sieger (Dobermann Verein is the German Dobe
          Club).
   IDC Sg
          Winner of the International Dobe Club Show.
          
    ---Working Titles---
    
   SchH I
          1st level Schutzhund Title.
   SchH II
          2nd level Schutzhund Title.
   SchH III
          3rd level Schutzhund Title.
   FH
          Advanced Tracking Title.
   ADPr
          Endurance test. Dog must go 20 kilometers and pass a
          temperament test.
   AD
          US equivalent. Dog must go 12 miles in 2 1/2 hours and pass a
          temperament test.
   IPO I, IPO II, IPO III
          Internationale Prufungs-Ordnung. Titles are similar to
          Schutzhund titles but testing under international rules.
   ZtP
          (Zuchttauglichkeitsprufung) Fit for breeding test. Requires
          temperament testing, conformation evaluation, as well as a
          protection test similar to SchH I. Dogs must be X-rayed clear
          hip-dysplasia to obtain the certificate for breeding.
   ZtP V1A
          "V1" is the highest conformation rating and "A" is the highest
          temperament rating.
   Angek
          (Angekoert) extensive temperament test and conformation
          evaluation. A step above the ZtP!
   Kk, KL1, KKL 1, or KKL 1a
          (Korung) hard core temperament test and conformation evaluation
          above the Angekoert title.
   HD-I & HD-II
          Hip displasia ratings similar to OFA's Excellent and Good. HD-I
          is the highest rating.
          
                        _See also: International Doberman Reference Center_
                                                                         
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
SPECIAL MEDICAL PROBLEMS

   Doberman breeders should provide the following:
     * OFA certification (done a 2 yrs of age).
     * Test results of vWD (see VetGen) and hypothyroidism.
     * CERF certification for no serious eye defects (done on a yearly
       basis).
       
   Breeders cannot guarantee that the dogs will be FREE of these diseases
   but testing shows responsibility.
   
  Ailments commonly found in the Doberman:
  
   Acne and Hair Pore Infection -
          Common in short haired dogs.
          
   Anondontia -
          Missing teeth which has a genetic basis.
          
   Bloat -
          Swelling of the stomach from gas, fluid, or both causing the
          stomach to twist. Bloat requires for immediate medical
          attention. It is usually seen in male dogs between 4 and 7
          years of age who eat large quantities of dry kibble, exercise
          vigorously after eating, and drink lots of water after eating.
          One possible way to prevent bloat is to crate the dog (or keep
          calm) for at least an hour after eating.
          
   Cardiomyopathy -
          A very serious degenerative heart condition which causes sudden
          or congestive heart failure.
          
   Cervical Vertebral Instability (CVI) -
          Misalignment of the cervical vertebrae and deformity in the
          bodies of the vertebrae. The excess pressure may cause a wide
          stance of the hind legs, stumbling, lack of coordination. Avoid
          high protein diets (particularly with young puppies).
          
   Chronic active hepatitis (copper toxicosis) -
          Biological defect in Doberman's ability to remove copper from
          the body.
          
   Color Mutant Alopecia (Blue Doberman Syndrome) -
          A hereditary disease most often seen in fawn and blue coated
          Dobermans. Color mutant Dobermans are born with a healthy hair
          coat but at 4 to 6 months the coat becomes thin, brittle, and
          dry. The skin becomes rough and scaly. Blackheads, papules, and
          pustules appear over the body. The symptoms may not appear
          until the dog is 3 years old. There is no cure, only treatments
          to relieve the surface condition.
          
   Dandruff -
          
   Drug allergy -
          To Tribrissen, Septra, Bactrim, Ditrim, or any of the
          Trimethoprim-sulfa mixtures.
          
   Flank Sucker Syndrome (side sucker syndrome) -
          Obsessive sucking and licking of the flank region.
          
   Fatty tumors -
          Although common in older Dobermans, all lumps should be
          diagnosed by a veterinary.
          
   Frostbite -
          Frostbite may affect the ear tips (and feet, etc.) if the dog
          is left out too long in severe winter weather.
          
   Hip dysplasia -
          Malformation of one or both of the ball and socket joints in
          the hip, common in larger, deep-chested breeds. The breeder
          should X-rayed the parents for hip dysplasia.
          
   Mammary cancer -
          Common in older, unspayed bitches.
          
   Panosteitis (wandering lameness) -
          Bone disorder signaled by lameness, reluctance to walk,
          occasional inappetence, and fever.
          
   Parvovirus susceptibility -
          Viral infection affecting the development of the heart.
          
   Persistent Hyperplastic Porimary Vitrous (PHPV) -
          Eye defect usually affecting both eyes.
          
   Renal cortical hypoplasia -
          Progressively fatal kidney disease.
          
   Thyroid Disfunction -
          Occurs in females more frequently than in males. Generally
          there is a genetic or family history of thyroid problems. Blood
          samples can be sent to Michigan State University for diagnosis:
          
          
          _Use this address if samples are sent by the US postal service
          - _
          Animal Health Diagnostic Lab
          P.O. Box 30076
          Lansing, MI 48909-7576
          
          
          _Use this address to ship by UPS, Fed Ex, etc. -_
          Animal Health Diagnostic Lab
          B 629 West Fee Hall
          Michigan State University
          E. Lansing, MI 48824-1315
          
          
          Phone: (517) 353-0635.
          
   Von Willebrand's Disease (vWD) -
          Abnormalities in the blood-clotting system. See the VetGen page
          for information on testing for the vWD DNA mutation.
          
   Wobbler syndrome (cervical spondylopathy) -
          Displacement of one vertebra in relation to another.
          
   Yeast Infections -
          During the ear taping period, yeast infections in the ear are
          possible if the ear is not dried sufficiently. Watch for
          discharge and/or bad odor. Do not clean the discharge from the
          ear until the vet has taken a sample.
          
                                      _See also: Medical Info FAQ Homepage_
                                                                         
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
ALLERGIES

   <under construction >
   
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

   <under construction >
   
   _Will the Doberman attack it's owner?_
   
   _What is the average life of a well bred Doberman?_
   
   _Why are the ears cropped and the tail docked?_
   
   _Are dobe ears supposed to stand erect at all times?_
   
   _Up to what age may the cropping of the ears be done safely?_
   
     _________________________________________________________________
                                      
RESOURCES

  Books
  
          
          Brown, Robert M., 1940- _The Doberman Owners' Medical Manual_/
          Jackson, WI : Breed Manual Publications, c1986. 354 p. ; 22cm.
          
          
          Curnow, Fred. _The Dobermann_ / 3rd ed., revised. London :
          Popular Dogs Publishing Co., 1976. 205 p., 16 p. of plates
          :ill. ; 23 cm.
          
          
          Denlinger, Milo Grange, 1890-1953, comp. _The complete Doberman
          pinscher_ Rev. ed. New York, Howell Book House, 1971 [c1969]
          320 p. illus. 22 cm. LC CALL NUMBER: SF429.P5 D4 1971
          
          
          Gudas, Raymond. _Doberman pinschers_ : everything about
          purchase, care, nutrition, diseases, breeding, behavior, and
          training / New York : Barrons, c1987. 79 p. : ill. (some col.)
          ; 20 cm.
          
          
          Harmar, Hilary. _Doberman pinschers_ Rev. and expanded by Mario
          Migliorini. New York, Arco [c1971] 112 p. illus. 21 cm.
          
          
          Ladd, Mark. _Dobermanns : an owner's companion_ / 1st American
          ed. New York : Howell Book House ; Toronto : Collier Macmillan
          Canada, 1991. p. cm.
          
          
          Linzy, Jan. _Doberman Pinscher champions_, 1952-1980 / Rio
          Linda, Ca. : Pata Publications, c1981. 186 p., [60] p. of
          plates : ill. ; 28 cm.
          
          
          Linzy, Jan. _Doberman Pinscher champions_, 1981-1985 / Camino,
          CA. : Camino E.E. & B. Co., c1986. 221 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.
          
          
          Migliorini, Mario. _The Doberman Book_ / New York : ArcoPub.,
          c1985. ix, 242 p. : ill. ; 25 cm.
          
          
          Nicholas, Anna Katherine. _A Complete Introduction to Doberman
          Pinschers_ : all the information you need about selecting and
          keeping a Doberman Pinscher--featuring sections on the breed's
          history, training, health care, breeding, and showing / Neptune
          City, NJ : T.F.H. Publications, c1987. 126 p. : col. ill. ; 22
          cm.
          
          
          Sanford, William R. (William Reynolds), 1927- _Doberman
          pinscher_ / New York : Crestwood House, 1989. p. cm. Discusses
          the history, physical characteristics, care, and breeding of
          this highly intelligent dog frequently used for protection.
          
          
          Walker, Joanna. _The New Doberman Pinscher_ / 2nd ed. New York,
          N.Y. : Howell Book House, c1981. 351, [1] p. : ill. ; 24 cm.
          
          
          Wilhelm, Andre. _The Dobermann_ / London : Kaye & Ward, 1980.
          128 p., [12] p. of plates : ill. ; 23 cm.
          
          
          Winkler, Bernadette E. _A Beginner's Guide to Doberman
          Pinschers_ / Neptune City, N.J. : T.F.H. Publications, c1986.
          61 p. : col.ill. ; 23 cm.
          
          
          _Doberman Pinscher Champions_, 1986-1987. Camino, CA : Camino
          E.E. & B. Co., c1988. 88 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.
          
          
          _The Beginner's Doberman Pinscher_ / 3rd rev. ed. [Massapequa,
          N.Y.] : The Club, c1985. iv, 40 p. : ill. ; 18 cm.
          
  Periodicals
  
          
          Doberman Quarterly
          1296 E. Gibson Rd. #198
          Woodland, CA 95776
          (916) 756-1818, FAX: (916) 758-9329
          
          
          Doberman World
          4401 Zephyr Street
          Wheat Ridge, CO 800033
          (303) 420-2222
          
          
          UDC Focus Magazine (United Doberman Club publication)
          1250 West Frontier Street
          Apache Junction, AZ 85220-9084
          
          
          Der Ganze Dobermann (The Total Doberman Pincher)
          P.O. Box 512
          Delavan Lake, WI 53115
          (800) 826-1995
          
          
          DOBERMAN MAGAZINE
          P.O. Box 4272
          Enterprise, FL 32725-0272
          
  Clubs
  
   Doberman Pinscher Club of America
          Paul H. Combs, DPCA Membership Secretary
          PO Box 260473
          Tampa, FL 33685
          813-920-6083
          
  or:
  
  
  Tommie F. Jones, Corresponding Secretary
  4840 Thomasville Rd.
  Tallahassee, FL 32208
  904-668-1735, FAX: 904-668-1735
  
  
  United Doberman Club
  PO Box 659
  Spring Valley, NY 10977
  
  Email List for Doberman Owners DOBERWORLD-L is a discussion list for
  individuals who are interested in the Doberman breed. To subscribe to
  doberworld-l, send the following in the body (not the subject line) of an
  email message to listserv@mail.eworld.com:
  
  
  subscribe doberworld-l yourfirstname yourlastname
  
  You will receive an introductory Welcome file describing the general
  guidelines for the mailing list. Breeders Rescue Organizations
  
  DPCA Committee Opposed to Population Explosion
  
  DPCA COPE/RESCUE Chairperson (1996):
  Gwen Lucoff
  Malibu, CA
  Zumadobies@aol.com
  
                              _See also: International Doberman Rescue Directory_
                                                                               
  Breeders
  
  The "DPCA Yearbook" lists several breeders. To receive a copy, send $5.00
  (checks made payable to DPCA) to:
  Alan C. Wendt
  249 S Poteet Road
  Barrington, IL 60010
  
      _See also: DPCA Chapter Doberman Pinscher Clubs of America Plus A.K.C. and
                                                                         U.D.C._
                                                                               
    ________________________________________________________________________
                                        
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

  I wish to thank Rachel Larson, Henry Ramser, Jean Boland, Carol Carter
  (Caravista Dobermans), Amy Head, Michelle Lewis (Lemil Dobermans), Jen and
  Den Lee (Teraden Dobermans), and Ray Carlisle for permission to use
  information found in his wonderful publication - Top Dobe.
  
  _dobe@mindspring.com
  
  Doberman FAQ _
  
    ________________________________________________________________________
                                        

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Last Update March 27 2014 @ 02:11 PM