Indonesia Conlinoing TorWe roivr Chemical and BioloRi'cal Warfare Rc5carch|
he. Indonesian Chemical Warfare
iuDQircciiMale ol Nuclear. Biological. and (NUUIKA) is continuing loefensive chemical warfare (CW| and biological warfare (BW) research program. Although ihe Indonesian Armed Purees hod considered an offensive CW and BW capability for NUBn lhe, ihcsc efforts were tctminaicd in lheesult of fiscal and resource
Indonesia Continuing Tu Emphasize Defensive Chemical and Biological Warfare Research!
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Urecturale oj Nuclear. Biological, andWarfare (NUBIKA) is continuing toefensive chemical warfare {CW) and biologicalidWfrogram. Although lhe Indonesian Armed Forces {ABRI) had considered an offensive CWandBW capability for NUBIKA in the, ihese efforts were terminated in ihe tarty I'JSOs us a
result of fiscal and resource eonsiraintsl
Mg/dM! remain aej/nuw tn
Program's History
NUBIKA was esiablished9 lo gain information and ctpctiisc on defensive capabilities required in operateuclear, biological, and chemical warfare environment. It* initial task was lo invcsiigate theapplication of defoliants and the effect of other chemical and biological agents and establish acapability within the ABKI. Indonesia'sacutely aware of the use of defoliants inparticularly concerned aboutihe country's farmland from potential CW or BW
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V /II"INi> SGU^lt
to develop offensive CW and BW capabilities.
blans called for the oven-tuai development and stockpiling of chemical andweapons. Toward this end. NUBIKA placed scientists in Army and civilian institutions for two- to ihicc-year terms tovarious aspects of olfenii ve and defensive chemicaj and biological warfare.
efforts U> develop offensive CW and BW capabilities. The reporting indicated that Ccn. Murdani opposed Ihe development of an offensive CW and BYVbecause of concerns thai soeh weapons would be used only in defense and would resull in substantial Indonesian civilian i
i-insHainti also impededBRI
hemical and biological
fi. .
naa very little defensive cw and sW equipment, which was used primaiily for demonstration purposes. Development ol defensive CW and BW capabilities wasigher priority after the reorganization oi the armed forceshen NUBIKAirectorate under the Army Engineers. Training courses in defensive CW and BW operations have been conductedith some NUBIKAbeing sent for training ovciseas, most to the United Slates, bul some to lJrance|
warfare
programsefensive orientation.8 and againeam from NUBIKA was dispalched to lian to investigate the aftermathW offensive launched by the Iraqis, probably to help NUBIKA lur-
In theven the defensive program came under scrutiny, and somewere taken to curtail the program:
_lhc
tlipUBIrVA'pToJccT TOT tn'E laboratory-scale synthesis of mustard agents probably would be delayed becauseack of specialized laboratory facilities.
the OlTrnsivr Program
hm2 ,bc new,y
appointed commanocr otrmed forces. Cicn LeonardusMurdani.ordercdahalt in NUBlKA's
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lotne of
iiscarrfi was to be frozen lor an indefi-niie periodesult of an ABRI assessment ibal the use of CW antJ BW agents against Indonesia wasa rcmoic possibility during ihe0ears (see Inset)
he
adki Lornmimoer Trverwu imv uccisiun and
directed the organization lo continue ils activities8 and not to lessen its effocu to improve in chemical warfare know-howl
ihe long term, however. Jakarta regards China, with ils offensive nnd BW programs,otential threat to theoncern reinforced byapid economic growth, ongoing mutuary modernoa-tiewi program, ond rrlirctance to clarify itschum in thr South China Sea Indonesian officials are also concerned thai osee time Japan could reemergeHitarv power especially if Tokyo's security rtio-titmihip wilh the Drilled Suuei deteriorates. In addi-lion, Jakarta also haibon tuipicirms of somelegacy af old conflicts and an an re solved boundary dispute with Malaysia.
rimary security focus is ortsecurity It conduct! ongoingoperations in the provinces of Irian Jayaannexedm in* VOOi,
respectively Tke appeasimaieiy lO.OtlO troops in Feus Timor condmltec amy opetatwoi and boluer the government! elensive cirtc actionthe armed forces alsorv riAr in mqm-laining dame sue order and stability]
Coru'enitt About Indonesia's Program Avhaiing
Although Indonesiaignatory of the Chemical Warfare Convention. Jakarta has not yet ratified the Convention The an:icrop detotiants being icsicdJ at vevrral facilities arc not considered to be unic cnerru-calnd NUBIKA's research and ituing of suchot precluded try the Convention.Selen. because of the continuation ol CW and BW-reined re*earch and (he potential tor any program to becomea political decision lo dothe Intelligence Community will continue to monitor and veck information on Indonesia's CW- and BW-telaicd activities!
Original document.
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