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Iran: Thcof Terror^
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TaTorfem Diary for December*^
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U published biweekly by Ihe Direetorale of Intelligence. Other elements of the CIA as well as olher agencies of thei till tester Community are encouraged to submit articles for publication. Comments and queries are welcome and may be directed lo Ihe Executive Editor i
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'Terrorism2 October
Ptmpku, for HiiMllal. Terrorism in Africa
hijacking onuly of an Air Afriquc flight originating in Zaireopr'aic front Afr.ia and highlignu rftc pMtibililv
ihai this Lebanese group "ill Siage Similar attacks inai and Cfnlnltheir large Lebaneseaii-ri>ncurnj.un dam Wcttcinaitor Hizballah operators new locales for attacks against ihe Wcir*JjV
TV Air Affigwe Hijack-*
A hijacker, armedistol and wiihwrapped around hu waist, tciied Air Afriyuc Flightfrom Braiuville io Par itBangui. Rome, andthe plane left Rome. Me diverted ii to Geneva and demanded thai ii be refueled io travel to Beirut. While ihc plane wai on lhe ground, the hi-lacker, later identified a* Hussein Muhammadebaneseuslim. vScx andrench oancnger Hariri rcpn>tcdly demanded ihc release of Arab prisoners in Israel and southern Lebanon at well ai freedom for Hirbollah memberi Muhammad and Abbai Hammadi.trial on terroristn Wen." aulhotiilea incited Harm after crewmerr.bert overpowered
ttiibal
Jfres.-helpilpllind ou( FnMh aatKavn
Support la Africa
TheMom hijacking may have rejulted from ihempasseto
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The Air Afrique iglaMl dovn.il. -ilh information that suggestsaj "creased planning for operations outside the MiddleEast Westernhaw Brown relatively ,carce in Ubanon In receni yean, and Ihote (hai do remain are belter protected fIOm (errorUl attack. Increased security fn West Bdrat dace (he deploymenl of Syrian iroopa In February has farther hindered Hiiballah lerromi Mtfaty in ihe ciiy. Earlier ihii yearpparentlyHU^rocmd* for future terrorist atucks, -ere caplnred in West Germany aad
Africa provides an attractive operating environment for Lebanese terrorist* for other reasons. Urge Ubaneae populations in West Africanin several cases Hizballah alreadyolitical presence-couldool for terrorist recruits and enable (raveling Ubaneseead in with Iheir swioundingiWeilern personnel and facilities, private and diplomatic sir numerous fJOB** 05
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OMlooat
We believelltelbih will turn increasingly to Africa Usite fo. terrorist"in Lebanon and European security
for
restrict accessrgets fa, Wcs.cro Europe. Hiiballah already hasupporters I. pita i. several West African countries, some of .boo. prowmsbly could recroll tcr-oru, operatives from loci Lebanese communities. Loci Hiballah .upporteri-or. as in Hariri's cue,* of Hizballah
Ml MUjuj-could provide Ic^tsc support to operative. from Uba.
Members of Ibe Weal African Lebanese community snay also provide scene resira.oi on Hubsllnh aitcmpts to expand .aint.es. Tbe vest Majority of Lebanese in Wealof whom are prosperous member* of Uk businessreportedly would oppose terrorist acsirily bycasntrymee nil of fear that local governments would respondrackdown against the entire
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US Consulate in Barcelona Uorobcd
Twotensialiit i'o-jpi daimed creditumb captuvoo at ihe US
Consulate inactober No US ci.au vc/xMJurcd. bui cighl Spanith nationsncludingSpanish employees of iheminor injuries. Althoughand doors were blown out, Ihcre was no major structural damage to the building. The homemade five-kilogram bomb was packedlastic shopping bag and placed beneath Ihc freight
Two groups-Terra Uiarc (TLj aad Ihe Caulon Red IjbcrationCRLA) have claimed credit for lhe attack, although another TL caller later denied il carried out the atiack. Radical Catalonians founded TL8 and until recently staged only symbolic bombings usually precededarning phone call. The CRLA claimed credit lot iwo attacks earlier Ihis year, including one Ihat teilouslyewlett Packard office in Barcelona onune The group also may hive been responsible for an eipkaioa oa Ij Mayuilding thai hootedffice Police have not ruled oat the possibility thai Middle Eastern terroritti may have been responsible, and some observers suspect the Basque Fatherland and Liberty i lajwtV
We judge Ihat lhe most likely pcrpeiiator is thc CRLA. which it probably anof TL CRLA may be targeting US interests becausearxist anti- merican political oricstlation. buiajpfBBjfJJJaaaaTa^^
Cataloman separatists have Uiged nearly 1I) attacks ihis year, some in0 the Olympic game, scheduled IO be held in BarcelonaMm% J
Ccaombisn tntttury peraonaeJ dead(other abase* included Saido.vaa. and Oscar) assumed leeder.fejp of the AVCthe death of Arutro Jam. .Ncwember)
The AVC has been weakened by the continuing loaca ofniiteirorist forces. Meet of lhc group'so- dead, inr out of ihe country
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Anee^'llyacUUig rolled
Authorirtei ai (be Jorge Chavez Intemsiionsl Airport in Lima announcedctober that thev had foiled in attempted hijackingoviet Aeroflot airliner.
hijacker was probably acting alone
ember of one ot"errce*active in Peru Nevertheless, tne
bomblnga6atto serving Soviet
COTunercial seamen and tbe Soviet Embassy in Lima-could increase Moscowsensitimy to Western ccacerns about intemaUonal lerronsm. The Sovseta have increased security for Aeroflot aad have asked for additional assistance from airport police in otherregweo. suggesting Mosco-ising threat to rts interest*aJ^fc*
Asia SriLaafca
Tamd Goernlhu Conduct Terrorist Attacks
On the nightctober. Tamil separalisi guerrilla, killedo penonsave ofins. SinhaleseSri Unka's easternmost province Members of lhe Liberation Tigers of Tamil Edamhe roost radical of tbe separatistonducted the attacks afterember, appnrem-ly commilied suicidectober while in police custody. The following were
among tbe worst
killeden, women, andhe Sinhalese village of
. Armed men went from house to bouse looking for Sinhalese in Ibe town of
BatUcaloa and killed anothernother armed band killedinhalese villagers from Sag-rapura and blocked
nearby roads to prevent security force, from mierfecui*.
aln from Battkaloa and hacked to death 40
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Other death. .nelwded -dated snooting* of
andmine eipioMOn ibat killed u* loom*day Tamil bloodbath recorded oo the islandLTTE gunmen nuKh.negunned
more (hu ISO persons in an attack on the Buddhiu shrine at AmiradhaperainS. Indian peacekeeping troopsower-sharing accord signed in7 have been unable to stop small-scale terrorist incidents and are not livelycier large-Kale attacks such ai ihue.VJJfJB-,
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PoUce Amal ANC Coesrllia Team
Ther rests tn early October ofersons who coo minded the localof lhe AfricanConfess (ANQ hasetback to tbe
aneiied allegedly were involved irTaboui IS allacks in the area sinceo. Police also seized several large weapon caches, including some hiddenhite residorvua! area near Cape Townoders', provides further evidence that some ANCby white sympathizers who generally enjoy greater freedom of movement than blacks and attract leaa seeatrity attention ia downtownliving in and Operating out of tbe townships. This It In contrasthc more familiar ANC pattern In which guerrillas Infill rate South Africa, attackspecific target, and then leave the country quickly. Thc roundup probably will result in atemporary slowdown in ANC attacks in tbe Cape Town area, as the group triescbuitd an underground military capability
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Iran: Tbe Uses of Terror
Iranisn leaders view terrorism as an importantof foreign policy that they use both to advance national goal* and to export, lhe regime's- Islamic revolutionary ideals. They use il selectively andIn coordination with conventional diplomacy nnd militarye believe that most Iranian leaders agree that terrorism is an acceptable policy option, although Ihey may differ on the appropriatenessarticular act of terrorism,^ rgj
Iran's primary targets have been the moderate Arab regimes, the Weal, and Iranian dissidents. Tehran has used terrorism to try to Intimidate Persian Gulf rulers Into ending their aid to Baghdad, to drive US snd French influence from the Middle East, and toopponents of the regime. Since tbe Khomeini regime took poweras;
Held US diplomats hosiage In Iran for moreear.
Sponsored terroriit attacks against US and French interests in Lebanon and Kuwait.
Smuggled explosives into Saudi Arabia andterrorist operations against Knwaitl Utigeis.
Supported and sometimes directed terroristbyhriving Shia fundamentalist movement in Lebanon.
Exploited iu considerable influence over Hizballah hcatagehoMers in Lebanon lo extort significantfinancial, and military concessions from the hostages'gj
Wc believe that recent US miliury activity in the Persiantbe reftagging of Kuwaiti oil tankers, the seizure of an Iranian ship laying mines in UK Gulf, and Ihe attack on an Iranian oil platform used to support Iranian miliiarykeep the Uniied Staless primary terrorist target fortsehran also alleges US involvement in the killings in7 of Iranian pilgrims during the annual Hajj In Saudi Arabia.
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TehranIntentiews sabotage and It/romm ai an important option in iu coafiontalion with the United States in the Persian Gulf. Iranian leaders and media Uojuer.tly draw parallels between events in Ubanon3 andbombings of UM US Embassy and tbe Marinecurrent de-*eloprne/iti in tbc Persian Gulf. In the Iranianehran and iu Shia allies forced tbc withdrawal of US rnilitary forces from lebaaon, dealing tbc Unitedumiliating defeat and relating lbc idea thai Washington could use iu military forces lo influence poliiical developments in tbe Middle East. Many Iranian leaders use this precedent aa proof that terrorism can break US resolve. Compared svitb overt miliiary attacks, terrensm and sabotage alsoegree of plausible deeiabtlity and present the United Stateseas clear-cut Justification for retalia-
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ompendium of December daln of known or conceivable lirn&eance to terrorist* around ihe world. Our Inclusionale or even! should not by Itself be construed to sutfttt ihai wt expect orommemorative irrroriu eventdMs'
cdependenceDa.
r-teitawia Fast independent Halt constituted
Thailaad. Founding: of Communist Patty.
Central African Republic. National Day (proclamation of republic).
Vailed Arab Eatiratei. Abu Dhabi National Day (fadatation of independent emirate* took effect).
Lam. National Day (peocJamalsoo of rerobJkl
El Salvador. Murder of four American mm by fc-err-ment iroopa.
PUtlppiaai. Miliiary oflfcci* acquitted In Aquino trial.
Peru. Birtbday of Sendero Laminoao leader Abimail Ottoman
Peru. Sendero Lurninoao marki Oiniman') birtbdayoordinated bombings in Lima
Spain Generalissimo Francisco Francos brrthdaj
Spain. Death of Toil of October Aniifoacbl Resittancc Group (GRAPO)
Finland. National Day (commemorate* independence from Russia).
Rurma Student upriling against BrUisfa rule
Ivory Coast. Irsdepersdcnee Day.
Greece. Declaration of parlimentary rep-blic.
Smtlnsme. Execution ofpposition leaders.
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8S87 JJ Decimbrr
Independence Day.
Tanzania. Republic
Angola. Founding of Popular Movement for (he Liberation of AngolaLA) falesiiniams. FoundingPopular Front for the Liberation of Palatine (PFLP) Burkima. Republic Day.
Kenya. Independence Day.
Ktjaya. Republic Day.
Europe. NATO decision to modernize nuclear forces by Installing Pershing II and ground-launched cruise missiles.
A'uh'u if. Bombing oT US Embassy and other facilities by members of Iraqi Dawa Party.
Malta. Republic Day.
ounding of Manuel Rodriguez Patriotic Front (FPMRJ,
Jewish world. Chanukah {Festival of Lighu) begins.
Bahrain. Accession of Shaykh Isa bin Salman Al Kalifah.
South Africa. Founding of military arm of African National Congressmkooto we Sitzwe.
Bahrain. Independence Day.
Bangladesh. Victory Day (de facto independence).
Bangladesh. Republican constitution becomes effective.
Bhutan. National Day.
Niger. Republic Day.
Sepal. Independence Day.
Ireland. Proclamation of republic.
Palestiaiaat. Founding of Palestine Liberation Organization (PLOF Jewish world. Chanukah (Festival of Lighu) ends.
See
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December mi
December
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ecember lift
4ecember IHI
Victory Dayoforce from Portaa) Socrl
Perm. Scndero Luminoso ceiebntes Maoithombings,oca-Cola warehouse
lltya Independence Day.
Christian world Christmas.
rakinem. Birthdaynah. called the Owidi-Aiam. the founder of Paaiatan.
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A/gkaaittam. Beginning of occupation of Soviet troops.
C*rna. Mao Zedong's birthday.
Philippic, Communist Party oT the Philippines rounded by Jose Maria Sison on Mao's birthday.
Imdemeria. Transfer of sovereignly from Netherlands.
Italy, Aattria. Abu Nidal terroriiU carry out simultaneous machlnegun and grenade attack* against El Al pastcnter areas at Rome and Vienna airports.
tatim Aaterlea. Equivalent of US April Fools'many hoaxes and bomb threats.
Nepal. National Day (king's birthdayl Pmilippimet. Execution of national hero Jose RiraL Affkam ira* People'i Democratic Party founded. Philippine! Founding of Communist Pa rly/Marxist-Leninist.
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Chronology of
lbedmermsilomal evens,(errortnr.MsvrcWsr lorries.Am. orrW or cow tosr-ce mm last Usee, la some cases, lhe aerpeireiort mmd ihesr mottrmiiom, me, mx be known, treat, ami deuelopmems ihai hew elrtmdy been described elsewhere Inpublication are met^
Bemb eeplades aader car la the Alls Adlae region In touristef Sarentlae. causing no Injuries bml destre,ht casdfWBf ^
Potiee retrieve aademb pleasedaulerson claiming toember of thc Heimaiyrotia separatlsl group, bad
iken, eemrt of appeals grew Italy, reamesifee the estradlrlea ef Red Bntades saspeet MeeriHo Fellai.JUwai arreted or.ane, andrreat warrant..pendini against bm^
Italy: Incendiary device Im Kerne destroys ear belemging te aa official of ike industrial temtlemerate Cenfiadastria. No group has claimed responsibility
Turkey: Separatist terrorists raid Topiepe tillage efSlln aad kidnap fourhe Kurdish Workers' Pany (PKK) la active in Ihe regicn.jJF em
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Itatr Beaab explodes as police barracks la Tesleae. There -ere no reported
injuries, aad no group baa claimed rcspcerubility
Senirro Lamiaato eels fire to residence aad ear ef the Bishopteasing tsseaslte damage bet no
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Lt*aiti Dcfemu Force (IDF, strip Tbe incident toot place near Dim 'ubay!
Terrariiti. probably memberi of the PKK.UUtt ia Derik, - district al Mardia, killing twa perian, tff
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West Bank: Molotov cocktail It Ihrain at military vehicle ia Naetat. The
firebomb ignited on ihe road, causing no damage or casualties.
Landmine planted a, PKK explodei near Syrian border, killing eight
Weil Bank Molotov cocktail It throve at an hraeti military vehicle la Ramallak. No damage or injuria -ere>
Kamxir. Kuwait University fire paitlbly in by aeamusu. Authorities areIhe possibility of Iranian-inspiredgj
l^bex^yon of Corsica (FLNC) hu daimed
Chile Attack, with harndgrtaadei and axiomatic meapam, agalaiifoar pallet stations in Santiago emmte same damage but aa Injuries. The Manuel Hodriguea Pstnc.ie Front (FPMH) Sn cls.med responsibility for lhe itUcksVljjfgr
omb expiation dcuroyi reitaaraat in Carrlco- The Conican separatist group The National Front foresponsibility for the incident fJJJ>
Lebanon: Seatrily tonefiret Kaiyuika rocket at northern Israel. No casualties were
West Bank: Small bomb txpladei ia garbage can mar Oldate. No injuries or damages occurred
Bank: Molotov caekiail ll thrown xt am lirmli vehicle Ramallak District. No casualties or damages were report
cacktaili. No injuries or damaga were reported
Bank Molotov cocktail ii tktawa at the Atkar neat /VeaW No injuries or damaga were reported
nidentified aertontmxrd booth at lhe mew Israeli lettltmen of Atxti rlefett, esti of Tvlkarm. The guard was stoned and forced lo flee 1
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Chile. Terraeiiti carry oil synchronizedmlleeki egaiait thru polite uatiemiatrol tot fire mi momlacken darkened .it distriets of Seaiim*io one mm hurl and no group claimed responsibility for (he
Iraq: Gunfire dltrapti Iraqi Governmtat ceremony nearretuldag laead aad SO wounded Tehran radio claim* (be inttoeal wai pcrpeUaied by an IrMUn-iupportee; retmanee group Foreign diplomats aucadinf (he oereenony escaped Ht
franco- Bomb earn* miner damage la Saadi-Eurepran Bank in Parti.suspect pro-Iranian group* because of Iranian threat* against SaudiIranian pilgrims died at Mecca duringij in Julyaaa
Peraz Stndrro Lamiaaee bombt ihree higb-teaiiom eablet, leering Ayecaekomad Haanim without jlecttieUy for four dayi The blackout disrupted industrial activity in both- <hj (gj
Westioter cocktail i, thrown ol aa Israeli bui nop (ajealm. No iojurie* or damage* were
Fraacr Paweriml bmmb damages edicts af Kuwaiti-Freach Bank iaombing may be celaied io the Saudi bank bombingeptember.
llaadgreaade ti thrown al military gaswraorV ogle*amallak. Weil No damages or injuries were reported
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Uakmawa analill mam ctril guard andikoeeeat tkat followed bombing of lhe maniclpal trmaipott affice ia Uma. On tbe same day simullaneoui bombingsank and three poultry store* In Limao one ha* claimed responsibility for these attacks, ajat
West Beak. Stone, mre tkrown ar Uracil vehicle, la Jerusalem and meat the Deheiihth Refugee Camp, eleie lo Bethlehem. No injuria* were reported.
Chile. Bomb kill, two priicemen ia Santiago. Tbe bomb eipkried near tbc vittims' poliorjvan. No one claimed responsibility for thegj
Perm: Policeincendiary device placed In front af South Korean Embaity ia Same Cataliaa Tba bomb wai sirnikrhose used in attacks by thc Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement |t
Westolotot cofkiaJJ^i, threwaorder police paint ia Nobles There were no casualties.
Gate Strip: Bemb ii throwar in Gate, damaging the windshield.were reported.%% b
Pent: Bomb explodes at offices of Citibank ia Lima, causing canslderablt damage bui nooint MRTA-Movement oT thc Revolutionary Left irwarption was written on thc wall of (be bunk fM)
Madagascar. Two unidentified men iteb prominent apparition member of Supreme Revolutionary Cpuncil. Theoctor, was in hb hospital office in Antananarivo, when assailants posineas patients attacked him with knives. There has been no claim of respoosibility.Jj
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Pakistan: Bomb is thrown at home of pre-Khomeini Shin leader. Thereweie no
Israel: Bomb explodes between liquid gas cylinders in Atuburb of Tel Ash. Nojjamsges or injuries were reported, fag, Jj jgj
I9lh of April Movementerrorists seize Bogota newspaper Office to publish gopRted "National Pact foro damage or injuries were reported-^K
Fraaee: Franceasque exile to Spain under the bilateral anliterrorist
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Suspected Sendtro Luminoso terrorists set firehe office: of two dlffetjnt rural development organizations in Lima, easting damage to office contents. Aa
employee of tbe USAIOfiyjdjd,project was wounded when he objected to the to keener of (he office, J"
Spain: Bombs explodeirland fr at the headquarters of Spanish railways andatal club, causing severe damage to both buildings but no Injuries. Two days later, the Basque Fatherland and Liberty group (ETA) claimed responsibility for (he attacksommunique lo tbe local
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West bank Dt'lct txplodesii nation In Net* Ya 'nam Im nortktm
Jerusalem, caw ling minorccond device was Discoveredq jgj
Weil Bank Motto* cocktail Ii thrown at aa Israeli bos in Qnlallya. Na iapmria wrrt rt pot ltd H*
Cain Snip: Homemnde bomb is thrown at nn Army onipoti in central Goto. No damage or injury resulted. qnJL
1Mbi odes in Bakhinrnn, Injuring twowo other bomb*iicovered and defused. The Iranian news agency blamed Iraqi agents for the
Namibia- Bomb blastatbtdie smart* but emmses mo tas.alt.ts A
liming mechanism Donrtalry used by South-West Africa Peooka' Organization (SWAPO) members -as found at tbc scene of Ute explosion. The following day. security forceset of tracks lending from the churchaneWound anda landmine, believed to have been plantedelaying lactic by SWAPO terrorist*.
M-eir Bank llaadgrenade is thrown at IDF paired near Ramallah. There were no casualties or
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Colombia Bomb dtmoliskts pnbllsklni amnse In northern Bogota No group claimed responsibility rot tbc
Iran: Tthrmn rtports that anlltowrnmtnthali members arrested tan-Iran border. Tbe group wasounds of explosive* to useucks Inside Iran, fat- .
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Swiltretund Fugitive financier lido Gtlli snrressders to Swiss authorities. Gelli was -anted In cxamecsion with the hdogrie railway mtioa bombing that killedJSe alsoole in luly's biggest private bank failure.
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linly Petite arrest three Itallnn nationals in connection with the assassination wttmpi Januarya Iht Colombian ambassador io Hungary Police believe tha aaaassinaudn attempt -ai drug
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n^bco. After the .Seeing, therdered the neighbor*ber
but Sea after an eachange ofJJ
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thtrs. No group hai claimed responsibility for the all
-"'* alestinian mkile Utekblkiag mt
Meg.ddouspeet -at arrested aad produced it Fatah (eaAeu -ere found at tbe tccnc of the
Hi litJI rVry aovlnmrn
* 'group ha, claimed
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IS Ji*Palestinian teachers
from Hebron Polytechnic School. The victims' jar wai slightly cUmated/gj
ember ef the Italia, leftist terrorist group. Prime Linen. I, arretted Im somtheeuerm Freece. RsffaeUa Esposito -ai -antedine international arrestJ#
Irani Bomb explodes oe Tehran street, cawing minor damage hat no tmiaaltits. Iranian authorities blamed "agent* of inter nationalerm often applied to Iranian din
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Spaia Anevice destroys theedicemam im the Besoms town af Basamri No one -at injured in the atuck The Basque group ETA -as probably responsibleJ
Spain: Aa explosive deriet planted an the side efe policemanIn Bilbaostrioatly Injuring the policeman and wounding hi, mfe. He -as leaving homethe blail
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Spain: Car bomb txplodrt In San Sebastian as poller ran drivesolHxnuri in lbc van wai hilled and three whets were injured, including two lourisU. Tbe booby-trapped car was parked neat lo the city's biggest hotel, and ihe ei plosion abo damaged nearby cars and shattered windows in adjacent buildings
Africa: Branwyn McBrlde, lister of coaricltd African National Congreii bomber Robert McBride, is arret ted la Pretoria. Her detention followed lhe arrest oneptember of alleged lerrorist Gordon Webster and twofter ibey entered the couniry uletally fromumber of weapons also were
West Bank, ttwish taxi driver It stabbed and lerionily wounded by two Arabs ln_ southern Jerusalem. Motive of thender police investigation
Writ Bank: Security farcei arret! three yauikifor plantingcar bomb attack oa the Jerusalem ceairal bui Italian. The bombing was MtMMIto bo an initiation test for admission to Felah. tjjT .
Weil Bank: Molotov cocktail ii thrownn Israeli vehicle iraveUxi from Nablsti toTutkatm. No injuries or damages were
Ii discovereden/rant promenade ia
Spulm Two homemade bambi explodt ncxr the Miaiury af Justice Im Madrid, causing ao injuria or property damage. Rlghlwing eslremisU protesting Ihe tri. of ETA members are believed responsible, dff jj /gj
Explosive device ii discarredus nop In Ashkelottl
Kingdom: Two Iranian dissidents, father and ion, are ihat aad hilledLondon apartment. Thc victims, active monarchists, were planninglo mark lhe late Shah's birthday. They hudKhomeini
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RiYtrir Bte*k
Original document.
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