APPENDIX: SELECTED IRAQI OPPOSITION GROUPS

Created: 1/1/1991

OCR scan of the original document, errors are possible

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APPENDIX: Selected Iraqi Opposition Groups

INDEPENDENTS AND NATIONALISTS

(and Fortit* Contacts)

as-VYataal

(Iraqi Kanocal Accord)

A. vi al-Alawi Salato al-Sbaikbly

US.UK(7Vt*>,

&>atf Araeto. AwdoM,

ased is

pluralistic form ofio maintain Iraq's territorial ioKtriO' by opposing from widun Bath Piny Conduct* f, propaganda, and intelligence operations. Publishes Al-Baghdad newspaper. Key members ate former regime official* wilb inttUigeoce. military, political, or diplomatic backgrounds. FormedNC l

AUiaocr

Km Iraq CooDcfl

Mssjb Tihb al-Shabib

Sad Sal* Jabir

Syria. Based in Damascus

WriumBased in London.

demotTaia: reform, free market, and Iraqi natwoalisra. Memberi are moderate Shias. Sunni MDonsliaU, and tbnmr BathisB. Unsuccessfully cried lo expand influence in North after Wafiq Sarnarrai coup debacle diminisned Chalabi'i tuiure. NaqibArab Sunni reoreseoiaiive on DSC* three-man Presidendal Council but has frozen his member iht p.

SupporO dernocranc, pluralist stale. Loom collection of iweilectuals. former military officers, politicians, and Islamlita. Jabir. son of Iraq's fust Shia primearsh critic of INC. Publishes/"WW newspaper.

Ail Bin al-Husayn -Kami! Khan

{Saudiased la London

instaJlaUoo of eoosdruSooal monarchy.ephew of last king of Iraq Has few suppceiexx Hns tried to rasae profile atrad Kurdish feuding by forming new ambrefia group. AnoponeoL

Nationalist Ahmad al-Musawi Syria

of several Damascus-baseda'ih Party Iraqi Regional Command, Iraqi Socialist Party. Unionist Nassertit Catherine. NatlotMl Unionist Party. Independent

/

Nationalists. Deroooatic Pan-Arab Coordiruuioo Coonmnce. baqi Communist Party. Attempt* to unify highly fragmented dissident Iraqi Bi'ttustt and Jefttts. Opposes INC

Reform Movement

Sarnl Ma'jun Saudi Arabia.

in London.

Has democratic agenda similar to thai of Free Iraq Council from which it brokeembers are moldyatriate professionals. Maintains ties to southern tribes; Ma'Jun heads Council erf Iraqi Tribes. INC member. I 1

arty

Muzafir ArsUn

in Ankara-

GROUPS

CeoncU of tbe Is^mk RrvohioOo In Iraq

(SORI)

Bakr al-Hakim

Iran.id Sand Bssed in Tehran.

espoused establishment of ICjKSMini-sryie Islamic regime in Iraq, but now advocates vague democratic ideals for Iraq's Shu majority. Badr Corps-SCIRr* miliary snn under Iranian control-conducts raids la tooth ssd trying to establish presence In north. Active propaganda apparatus in Tehran and London publishes weekly Iraq Update newsletter that highlights human rights abuses. Group has undercut Its credibility with exaggerated claims. INC member.

Party

(blamkCall)

Muhammad Mahdi ai-As.f.

Iran (main faction!

Iraqi Shia dissident group Hai fought Ba'thist regime line*nd hied v> kfll Saddam several tirnes. Has dan destine network In southern Iraq, strongest in Shia shrine cities of Karbala and Najaf. FacUnnaliied: main branch supports Iranian-style Islamic stale;breakaway bloc set up in Loodooeveral other lubgroups resent Iran's influence-Has withdrawn fromrNCf

Ah] al-Bajl

(League of the Family the Prophet)

Muhammad Bahr aJ-Ulum

liklepeader.L

in London.

traditional religious leadership is Iraq. Bahr al-Ulum It highly respected and resist* Iranian

7

Kbol

Abdul-MajidaJKhoi Based

LaitfiLondon.

influence, bas seal on INC Presidential Council; nscsrabcnhip frozen I

Cultural and countable organiraiion thai cooperates with oppositionists but espouses view ol clerical nor4>anktpauM in poUtjcs. Publicize* human rights violations in Iraq and seeks humanitarian aid for southernarget of regime harassment. Group's former general secretary Said Muhammad al-Kbo'i died in suspicious automobile accident in southern Iraqot an INC

of Human Rights In Iraq

with Publiclxcs mistreatment of Shias and

ties to Iran. Based nursh Arabs. Hakim Is related toGroup formerly had contacts f

with Da'wa Party aad Syria. Has ties to

INC

KURDISH GROUPS

Democratic Party

(KDP)

Masud Barzanl Nurchivan Barxani

Western gcrverranents, Turkey. Iran. 'Syria)

and largest Kurdish dissident group istepping back from historical goal of creating independent Kurdish state In northern Iraq. Draws support from rural tribes in norm. Militia of several thousand. Barzani heldtalks with regime1

ud has Kurdish seat on INC pnxtdcaual council. Nephew Nurchivan heir apparent and has taken hardline stance at recordation talks with PUK. INC member. P

Union of Kurdistan (PUK)

Jalal Talabanl Abdallah Rasul All (afca Kusrat)

Western governments. Iran. Syria. (TnrtVy)

Kurdish opposition group has long sought autonomous region in federated Iraq, if oot Kurdish independence Most support come* from urbamies. intellectuals, and e> patriate* Several thousand-man

militia. Taiabani negotiatedhemen,t$ with Saddam3riddsra of his freqocji'. travel has kept him in north for most of past year. Kusrat, Prime Minister of Kurdish Regional Government and PUK military commander, has an independent power base. He was target of assassination attempt inNC member. "

Movfmeni in Iraqi Kurdistan (TMTK)

Uthman Abd al-Aria All Abd al-Azlz

Iran. Saudi Arabia.ain support in and around Halabja.

Sunni group opposes secular agenda of other Kurdish dissidents, is averse to negotiations with Baghdad. Withdrew from INC inas ccoperated tactically with KDP and PUK. Relations with PUK now strained because Kusrat alleged that IMK tried io kill him. Group has small but aggressive militia. Not INC member

Tribal Association Husayn al-Surchi

iridependeni: some support from Saudi Arabia.

1 byribal leaders to increase leverage in Kurdish affairs. Opposes Kurdish autonomy, prefers full integration within Iraq and cooperationnoi-control led regime. Allegiance with Baghdad before Guif war earned distrust of main Kurdish oppositionists. Not INC member. I

Hhbalbib (aka Revolutionary Hizballah)

Adham Barrani

Sunni group founded0 by nephew of KDP leader. Has several hundred-man militia; Claims neutrality In Kurdish feuding. Has historically supported KDP but is trying to improve relations with PUK. Not INC member.

Original document.

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