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3TRATB5IC VALUEEUCTI0ITD-BD7XD1B3 MtCHTjTERT TO TEE SOVIET GROT
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Tho tvitflcri rj. ja tfcll rojoxfcjoarAina icXorcation awnilnolo to CU as ofrisiralijr prepared iu ftiiflliaCTtnxttiaM Bowl rcr,unot forlu^tion of certain itama Cnrrerittytha export oor.fcro7 liits. 'ihe0 not been coordlnp-fca* vXfh the lntolliaa&oa orenniMUrcw of the Depei-aaeato o? Stata, tiio Anay,wy, and thu Alv
talus of cousobjcsige
a-anra to tbs soviet creep 1
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Tho proourorxart of oonatraotion and rocaVbu/lding raoMnary fron noa-Orblt oouroQo la of conoldorablo Btratogio raluo to tho Soviet Orbit boconsc ofaaonfc inability of tha Orbit to root ita nosda for Buohbo Soviet Union han eohsdulod an aauitioui; nrogran far tho oo not motion of dnoDd Ir/droolootrio plaitoe irrigationnd othar feoilitlaa tliatuiroo largo quantitieD end cany variation of construction oquinmgnto Adequate. quantitJoa of Sovioi^sanufaoturod equlpaont oould not bo ouppliod fn* tliooo projoota without diverting otratocio raatoriala cm plant capacity from tho pro-duotlon of othor highly atratogio ecuip-nant* Ths nupply offrom tho Peat thuaholp the Soviet Orbit to carry out construction jiroje-cto dir ootly increasing its war potential, tbroovorc tbo Soviot Orbit iaoLx corkinc ncdolo of nam typos of lege-capacity and specialIsed oquipnmarii andonufnotyro tfceao typoa aithout fur-Char azpuriconiation on teehulogy and design. Imports of cuoh equipmont fron th> GS0 thorefore, pro-rido tho Orbit tsith prototypoa of adranood design and techcolcgyo
On tho othorho denial ofnstruction and road-building nnohinory to the Orbit -Eould prolong tlio pro sent doficlocoioB in tho Soviet supply and vrould aovarely limit tho ixibantiol of tho Soviot armed forces for rapid oonntrjotion of mlliterytrategic roadatf andn afowfp also would delay any sign! fiocjit iuprovoasnt in the inadequate road nounork, nclcing it mro difficult for tho USSR to reduoo tho burden on tho railroedo in oaso of rax, ond rouW hinder tho construction of largorrigationnd hydroolsotrio pnjeofw irspartant to tho ocpftuaion of Soi-iot Industry,,
rraaentplena laoluda tho ixiildln- of rnnSroalootrio plcrt-at Kaktminij Stalingrrde ard Kuibyshev thatotal estdmatrjl out put af1 biUicn 'ilorctt-baurs, procnoin-uoh nir-at Industrioa on tho ohcsioal and noiunrre.tn mtnls industries end for the rail" roada.. Tho Kuibyshev and Stalingradohe&uled to bo nocvioted within thoearsj but Soviet exports ertfaate that opoolailyand pjrfoctod maobimsry will bond that vo& Trill hatf to proceed
finhines thatportieulcrXy uadcr ci Uiouar.ioa cvs oni-A^xeavntoraj pouortoua. Li-port mcJiine-ry0o'.l
iTlii-aotorc* off-the-roari tntc> rooom
carrfor I'S
oure par day during thoears In order to finish on On tho ooJchovka0 rflllon cQblo noteroublo raators of oonorsto pouring will, bo rtxjulroQ according to Soviot officials, whllo on tho Kuibyshev and Stalingrad projects atUlci cublo ootors of excavation work will bavo to boubio no tors of coironft and ro info rood oonomto poured/ ond moreOO tons of various trbsol otruoturao orootad* Tho Orbit's present rate of production of eon-struotlon sMMrsry lo lnadoouato to noot those roquireaontoj
Another project, theTurlowmlan Canal, vill bo oflnportnaoo in tho dcTBlopaonfc of cotton growing in Central Aola and In transportotio-* Tho Turxnoniaa Canal end the Tutor iEpoundod by the daci soning tho bydroolee trio projects will fore porterisa of deepoorvoirs and inlmd waterways through which otratoru products ouoh as Baku oil and Do no to Basin ooal can bo shipped to Ltoooow and other industrial areas
Largo hydroolootrio projects already unuor construction, other thm tlvso proriouoly oenUonod as planned or just being started, arc considerably' boh aid sohsdulo beoauso of poor arconisatlon and look of adequate mobaoioal equip-
Soro of tha oochinory Intended for uso on suoh projects la still in tha pi arming or exporirontal stagco During moot of thu recent Five Tear Pica period, prioonor-of-^rar labor has boon used for rood onnstaruation. but mny havo now been repatriated, thus groatly roduolng available labor for unskillod JobSo It is doubtful whetherEESH oan continue to uss excessive assaults of Esoponerubstitute for largo-soale npchanlcal oguipaanto
The USSR also needs lorgo-eoale construction -sLohiaory in order to continue dorolopasnt of tho strip-canine process for tho produotion of ironoppor, coal, and bauxite
Road, airport^ end airstrip con* true tio- and repair likes! oo create do-ands for construction and road-building In tho pant year thc Soviets have inoroooingly emphasised tho construction ofridgos,nd airstrips, portioularly in loeottone that Bight to useful for military purponos. For exeoplo, roads and bridges ia fulgcria,Bungary, Czechoslovakia,st Corinny an tolas s= ongthanod too heavy trafflo aud lorvohiolou *uoh mi heavy tunka. Thoco projects liavo hlfh priorities and strict ttoaalirais.
Larfio-capaotiy earth-coving eauipnont is ossontia) tor mm Orbit Toad-building projects booouao of the rood for digging vory doep'iy in ordw to establish oatlrfaotory road foundations on unotablo soil. Such diXTic-ult oon-iittoas arc cnoountorod inslao, thoss torn Poland, wlisre sooo voiy stiutogic htgh'vuy *onsi motion bus boon
ei'son tti b? taken cj a; ia ioa-aoa ttat Lt.uorla hbp Soviet Orbit J* seam quits- lifcc'v ot theroasonn.
planned. Ironupplios ofoqulpaont. hcnvrer, aro not adequate, end tbo Orbit countries aroorory effort to importypoo of ro ad -building and excavating rco binary fron orory possible source.
Thoro alsohortogo of spare parts for machinery In the Soviet Ort.it-In Orooboalovokia, for exsntlo, replaeemont parts are not aTallable for construction and road-building machines purchased since World War II from IE Army surpluses and from tbo UK* It is difficult for Cxeohoslovnkia tc supplyun fron its can laanufDoturoa, booauao almoat all cparo parts produaod by tbo Skoda works mjst bo chipped to the US 3D. thoroil-all or shortage of opera porta in tbo USSR, and thia haapors tho Soviot oonstruotion program* The Daparteont of Stato reports that "cuoh of the currently lnorooaing douostio output (of oonstruotion and road-building oquiprcnt) vill bo offnetigh retireinont rata of foreign-made units as the rosultook of spare parts, impropor nnlntonanoe0 and exoasnivo use."
The purchase fron non-Orbit sources of maohinea not, prcrriously menu-fecturfd In the Orbit is particularly advantageous toUSSR. Such itr.hinti. xnaludo apeoielised typos and sixes neodod only in amllnd aOnrrvxl types requiring neo toohnology. If those maohinea can be imported. Sc ,Letoastolty may than bo usod toewend viva*in largo quantitios, thus enabling the plants to operatefrr offioliiooy and Increased capacity without losing time in reconverting far Nodicalrnnifacturo equiprout for which full-timo production iselaxed.
R Exfro.-te l' cm uba TTost to the Soviet
argo ooantitioc of ercavatois end oronos to thv USSRrld War II andnd -ho Woetorn European oouatrloa haw,onatrur-tion and rood-building nwibinnry to thorbit xa sufficient quantities to assist substantially in tho USSB's current tonO/praiw. were supplied to theyttabourg^ In thoouthsD0, JO heeiistmofcloD and xoari-buiidiac nnohtnory eoru exported
ainc from France,taly, and Saoden, tnoludlng chip -i- itoTtlOy to tho TJ3SB of crscos embargoed by tbe OS valued at-A3 .CM ' . -nuand other digging snd levelling caehiaery frou
a Ojupon. If conpjeto axport dote for oilfor tiw firat bnlf tho to-aol would oonsidarab^
0 CCO Tin Oroit cc-mtrius have bsen trying to buyfj p Ola- xmuple, isoviet Coccxavtial
doiial thai to buy oighi asphalto* vS
rtvov Xabsnaaf Iraq, andSB .
S. Cajiifaoturo and. Supply of Construction and Hoad-Dullding Qxohinary in
afamtos.
Although Csonho Slovakia. manufactures small oxcav&toro and soma oonstruo-tion end road-buildlnc laanbinory, it is Bufferingorious ehortogo of the latter, end there probably are shortages also in tho other Satellite oomrtrioso One reason is that tho USSE has ronrrod millions of dollars to rib of mohinory and oguipEocC from ths Satellites In the post end reportedly la taking all ofourront production of heavy naohinory of the Skoda torks in Caeo boSlovakia. Poland and Susnnia probably lasnufacture and exportantltlos of auoh machinery to the USSR. hinas and Albania manufacture little and export nono* Road-building and corurtxvotioc nnahlnery is also probably available to the USSE fron tho Soviet Zona of Austria and from East Garreny, either Items nacufaoturod In thoser imported Illogaily from the TToEtorn-occupied Zones,
Qanufnoturo of Spaeanrtorcg Power Shovels, and Oranea in teo ress,
Thoreritical shortage of large-oapcoiiy excavators, powernd oronoa. By far tbe greatest proportion of axoovntors and pover shovel? maufaoturod in tho USSR have oapaoitiocubio cetera and arcail for usa on large oonstruotion project:. For projoote cuoh as thool: Sea Canal,ower shovels, and drag lines Tilth oapcoitioa ofubit metersrublo mters aro mare off ieionV-Xho USSR mokooew excavators and power shovola with oapacities upubioseful in large earth-roving conatruotion projects. oubio-ifl9ter shovel is reportedly in pro duo tion at tho !fo vo -Krccotolante although no proof of tnte is availablo. cublo-motorxcavator is believed to bs in production ut tho Urolmash plant, and there have boon unoocfircad ro ports of designs for larger excavators of similar -typos* In0 tho Soviot lioistor of tho Construction end Road-Buildiog linohinory Indus-try said that new typos of largo-capcoity exoavatoro rroro being doslgood, and teat high-capacity grader-elevators vere being mami-footurod and will be used in oonstruotion of tho Stalingrad and Euibystov hydxooleotrio atationa, fin also said that powerful bulldosara will be uaod for leveling sites, that hlgh-epood excavators will dig teoaohos for oupportirs pillars* that powerful oranea will ho used in building tho hydroelcoteio stations, end that Irrigation excavators will on usod in the construction of papainc Those hi go-capacity naohinsa are probably not in production at tho prosenrtnd it seems unlikely thattn bo produoed in auffioicntho grandiose construction projects that havo been planned*
The laonufaoturo of oronoa in tha "dSSR appotra to to even loss adequate than that of excavators. It la icprobablo that tbo USSU io making full-revolving oronoa with arringing booTSi of tha oapooitios .oedftd In Inrgr
construction projects, including croneaton and Inrcor capioity thai ero us dor US embargo. By tor tho largo ot proportion of tho obi Jo or traolo-izDuntod cranes nucifaoturad in tho USSR are ofon Ganacily used in highway bridge oonntruotion, ship unloading, and projeats of oinllar also. Bjpoyot, tho USSR is also pa king eranoo ofonton sices, useful in heavy industrial construction, gun omploooaionto, eto. Throe known makon of Russian oranos ore thohond thohich have weight-lifting cnpaoition of, andons, res pootivolyThohichib-boom attaohmsnt, is also ixuzifaotured in tho USSR. It is used in tho construction of high buildings and nay bo useful on som of the larger aonstruofclon projects. Hrarror, present production does not include the range of typos and oopeoltles noodad.
13. ^bxaitnoiujroi ofCcocrote gjors, Scrapers, fp-voro. Spreaders*ra "Ttho'rirportuoHorHnchJn-)ry ina.
Tho USSR sanufaotures small oonaroto nlsora wbioh are not arable on largo construction projoota, but no evidence bos been recoiled of production of larger sixes. So riot publications boast of planned production of larco-cupaoity cdxors, high-capacity oonoroto putpo, speolol bolt oorrrayors, and other oquipcent for lorgo-eoalo loading, unloading, and pouring of oonaroto. As ofowever, the Soviet Ifcaleter of tho Construction and Road-Euilding Lsohinory Industry spoko of suoh production only in futoro
Little is known about the prosent status of production of other types of road-building and construction naebinary in the USSR. oviet official characterised thauipznnt on hand ln0 as inadequate both in quantity and in quality, Tlhotber go Lf-pro polled graders, whloh ore on the' US antorgo list, are being produood is not known, but treotor-propellod tpradors are mariufaotured. Similarlyf self-loading sorapors, also embargootl byro probably not being nnnufaoturcd, although several varieties of ooroporo and three ex^rimantal codsls of high-cap aoxty scrapers liarsull to Soviet offiolala havo sold that high-capacitylevators muu-faoturod by Soviet plants will bo used in tho construction of theend Eulhyahar bydroolootric stations end that high-oapaoity oelf-propellod hydro-co ni tors and eelf-propelledEps aro being designed for use on those projects. Bo information is availableUoato tho extent to whloh produotion tos boon started on suoh jcaohimo, and it seems probablr that cost ofpecialized and high-capacity aachinos era still In tb? designing stage.
n Capacity seam iwxlnir>-re.tod weight-lifting oopailty, or the load th? osji bo safely and affectively roiecd at thoerating radius.
6- Coatrttotoro^ Off-tho-aoad Trunks, TTagono, and Trcllorsc
Tho total author ol? usable largo-oapaolty trunks is probably small, because postwar production did not got underwaynd tho vehicles wade in the USSR before tho war and obtained under Lend-Looso ere old. Current inporta and current produetion probably do not furnish tho quantity of hoary trucks needed in the largo construction projects. (The USSRargo supply of snail trucks that are Important for military operations:) The use of trailers In construction work depends on tho availability of spoo lolly de Digued trailer trucks, production of whloh is apparently sot far advanced In tho USSR. eoont information ia arailablo, howoTOr, regarding progress in tho production of off-the-roc! oqulpmnt for construction work-.
Original document.
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