(Lithuanian send Latvian SSRs)
in the Lithuanian ana
/ Latvian SSRa
date of info. Prior to1 piace acquired
no. DATE DISTR. no. of pages requirement no. references
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3
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la .the SkaplOUo-KuSlfikln Region
Parsers who refused to join the kolkhozy vere known sa grlyatlninkai. Infter the friratlnlnkal had cut their groin and piledthe fields, government trucks came during the night and took all the grainequisition. Karly1 tha remaining prl,yatininkaii in the area around Skaplskls) were deported to Siberia.
There vera many Russians on kolkhosy between Skaplskls and Kuplakis
nd on kolkbozy along the Uthuanian SSB-Latvlan SSR
border, especially in the area near ZeiaeliB*
SkeplRkio, cen the fields.
ate entire village of .KuncJuneXlal, near
ed to one kolkhoz. This kolkhoz vas eo large that the hot harvest all the crops, and half the ydeld was left
ef the aolkhozniki In the Bkapiskla^KuplBkia area lived en farms of cersoaawbd had been deported. Kolkho2nlkI received their food from centfaltloSut the kolknoanlki were given cabbage soup and, -wheniste of bread. Lunch consisted .of cabbageiece of tread,LecC of smoked meat. Dinner consisted of potatoesoup made vita"amilk base. Balkhoznlkl vere forced to .carry on blac*JDnwke*nd to make vhlsky Illegally in an effort to Improve their living DBneitlona.
The shortage af fodder vas very acute in the Skaplskls-Kupiekis area. Ih the Winter ofa largeroaiber of cevs had to be butchered in the area around) because of the fodder shortage. Soheadcattle vers slaughtered that the price of beef fell to ten rubles per kilogram. Becauseack sf hay to feed,cows,ykeptInstead, The kOlkhoznikl called these goats "Stalin's covs." The scarcity of fodder made pig-raising unprofitable, since the pigsattened properly. Kolkhoznlfci were allowed to keep two sheep.
state
Uec
1-
Toe City of PanevsEjS
Panaresvb Boys' Gymnasium was located on Keepublikoa Street. Thewaside street off Pllles Street. Jewish childrenSoviet schools In Lithuania.
yeast plant In Panevezya was not operating. Source heard that Itdismantled and aextt to another pert of the USSR. The knittingthe soap factory also had been distantled and shipped elsewhere in The distillery near ths yeast factory, tha brewery, and thewere operating. Most' of the sugar waa exported, and It wasbuy sugar at th* local gqvemnent shops.
1. Each day duringection of Panevezye vaa deprived of electric current, supposedly to compensate far the lncreaaed requirements of th* Eanevezya sugar factory. The section in which the electricity waa cut off varied from day to day. This occurred only In winter; there were no restrictions during the summer.
8. All stone houses in Panevezys were taken over by the government. Ho one was allowed to build new stone houses. High officials ucd Black-marketeers were allowed to build wooden bousesixed else.
9> ank unit was atatloned at raneveeys. HGB quarters and barracks for Sovietwere located near tba red church In Panevetya. KfD and WJ3 were under
UM supervlalor. of tha
Market days in Fsnavezya war* Konc&ys, Thuradaya, and Saturdays. However, there were amaii markets, open every day, where Inhabitants could buy butter, milk, bread, and othar foods "which were not alwaya available In government shops.
The polyclinic in Panavezys was located on Reepubllkoa Street. The maternity hospital was on* Kranto Street. Source heard that there were several doctors In Panevezys who were allowed to have private patients, but they wereto pay very high taxes for the privilege. Therecarcity of foreign patent aedlciaes In Penevezya. One gram of an American medicine used for the treatment of tuberculosis cost on* hundred rubles. One package of German tablets (Spalltableten) whichew pfennigs is Germany sold for tan rubles. Absorbent cotton van Scarce and vaa soli only by prescription.
.Market Conditions
Lithuanian stores wore well supplied with aoap from Leningrad. ThreadSoviet manufacture and Was of very poor quality. heGerman yard gooda was plentiful. Stockings on sale in Lithuania ver*by the German firm,ussianfor throe paira of American stockings, mamiracluncT by the ArvaRussian lady described these stockings aa being ao durable thatbol*igarette paper, bicycle tlrea, glass chimneyslamps, and othar scarce items vara brought from Riga and sold oablack market in Lithuania. Vbsn glass chimney* ver* available Inshops, they0 rubles; on the black market they cost sevenrubles. Prices ware much lever in Lithuania than in tbe USSR,
/Sovieta care evan rrom Leningrad to buy goods in Svencioaeilai, Eiter of crsaa which costublee In Lithuania coatubles in Leningrad.
13- Source heard that prieata who bad bean deported to Siberia were allowed to writ* only oneear to Lithuania. They vera sot allowedaive
SS&BET
packapss and were prohibited froa doing any work In Siberia. Thlathey almost certainly were starving.
the beginning of XjftC thirty parishes fn the area around
Kaunas vere vlthout priests. Only two of the four churches ln Panevezys vere open. Tba priest at one of these Fanevezys churches bad tvo rooms In tbe rectory; the remaining rooms were occupied by Soviets. The priest's cook had to wait until the Soviet cooks had finished preparing meals before she could prepare the priest's food.
lb. An order vas passed by the government proscribing religious rites at funerals.riest officiated at burial services, relatives of the deceased vere -deprived of any allowances or pensions resulting froa"the death. This waa true even in th* case of persons who died in the service of the USSR. Inanevezys militiaman was killed during an actionartisan unit In the forests behind Panevesys. The militiaman's motherriest to officiate at the funeral of her son. However,who came to see her warned that, if the son were burled according to Catholic rites, tbe mother vould not receiveCO-mbla allowance which is paid to mothers and wives of persons killed in combat with partisans. The son was burledriest in attendance; however, the priest vent to the cemetery at night, said prayers, and consecrated the grave. The Hill of the Three Crosses (Trlju Erysiu Kalnaa) in Vilnius was changed to Komsomol Hill. The three crosses were destroyed.
15. The kolkhoinlki still celebrated Christmas and Esster holidays, despite the
displeasure this caused government and Coenainlst officials. However, children vers required to go to school on the day after Christmas and the day after Easter. Any children who did not attend on these days were severely punished.
2rar.3port.at ion
Railroad coaches ln use In Lithuania vere of Lithuanian, Soviet, and German manufacture. Soviet coaches ware uoed on long-distance runs, since they were equipped vith sleeping beards which could be opened at night. hird-class railroad ticket from Fanevezys to Siaullaiubles. The fare from Panevezys to Subacius5 rubles. Ticket collectors on the railroad line between Sleuliai and LsmgsTplls, Latvian SSR, were Soviet women.
17- Lithuanian roads were full of holes and often impassable. The kolkhozniki mafie small ditches from the holes to the drainage ditches on the side. In an effort to keep the roads dry. However, these small ditches only made the condition .of the roads war**.
Katertalpmgnt
18. Besides Soviet films, German films were sometimes shown in Lithuania. Jtaiong the German films shows0 was The Life of Peabrsadt. Theaters were always overcrowded when foreign films were shown, because the Lithuanians preTarred them to the propagaEdistic Soviet films.
Deportations
19. Deportations were directed by MSB sen who wore blue Uniforms with red piping.i, andany persons were arrested in the area around Panevezys. Source heardloads of inhabitants were deported at this time. On the highways at night many trucks carrying deportees were seen. Several days before the deportations began, all automobiles In the area-am re requisitioned by the authorities. This servedarning to many men, who succeeded in escaping to the forests. Many persons were deported in0 from Baujamiestis <HEten kilometers from ranevezye. One after another, trucks left this village at night carrying deportees. Between October and0 mass deportations ended and only Individuals
in th* area nearg-lbJ and PancmupalU (Kantlre villages along the railroad line had been uproSted anddeported to
20. Source hoardarge battle which took place la tbe area between Skapiskis ud Slmonisarly Soviet unite and tba localtook part la this action against the part laana. During and ijaaadlatoly after tolall roada and ditches in the snorroundlng area were oloaely watched and, without exception, every paraon'a docuaenta were checked.
identified Xalinauskssn/JCB man, as one of the want enemlea o; Tne partlaana in tha Panevezja area. Xalinauskas lived on HayStreet in Panevozys.
Source heard that the partisans wars oremandedeneral ataff which con-sistad of high, prewar, Lithuanian military officers sad included some well-known medical doctors. Bslations between partisans and inhabitants in tha SkaplaklB area were friendly, although tap.kolhhoznihi war* ao poor that they' could sot support the partlaaas sufficiently. Partisans were forced to plunder kolkhoz warehouses to obtain food. Tbe women In tbe villages openly asserted that only worthless men remained behind on the kolkhozy and In the cities, while all the real men ver* in the forests-
arge arsenal of arms and antiaircraft guns In the easiera parr or Daugavpils.
Ccamenti Some of the details on Paneveays contained In thiswith information contained inni"
s;
Original document.
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