This has been a very controversial change, but internationally it has been decided by astronomers to reclassify Pluto as a dwarf planet instead of as a planet due to it being substantially different than the other planets and much more like other celestial objects.

When I was young, we had only 2 kingdoms, plants and animals. Today, biologists classify life forms into 5 kingdoms to better reflect their knowledge of life as they know it now.

This is a new algorithm for multiplication of multiplying numbers with multiple digits. It is much more effective than earlier forms of multiplication, if a one's handwriting is neat enough. I was amazed when I first learned and was thrilled with it.

This is a new algorithm for addition. It is useful for maintaining the concept of place value of the digits in adding numbers. You add from left to right, considering the place value as part of the value and do sum of that column below (partial sum). You right each sum below the line. After that, you can then add up those sums. Very good method for teaching children.

Another algorithm for multiplication and works just like partial sums, except that you multiply.