Atlas Resources Series 28-2010 L.P. - FORM 10-Q - XML - IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT - November 9, 2012
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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policy)
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9 Months Ended |
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Sep. 30, 2012
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| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
| Use of Estimates [Policy Text Block] | Use of Estimates
Preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities that exist at the date of the Partnership's financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and costs and expenses during the reporting periods. The Partnership's financial statements are based on a number of significant estimates, including the revenue and expense accruals, depletion, asset impairments, fair value of derivative instruments and the probability of forecasted transactions. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The natural gas industry principally conducts its business by processing actual transactions as much as 60 days after the month of delivery. Consequently, the most recent two months' financial results were recorded using estimated volumes and contract market prices. Differences between estimated and actual amounts are recorded in the following months' financial results. Management believes that the operating results presented for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 represent actual results in all material respects (see "Revenue Recognition" accounting policy for further description). |
| Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Possible Losses [Policy Text Block] |
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Possible Losses
In evaluating the need for an allowance for possible losses, the MGP performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and adjusts credit limits based upon payment history and the customers' current creditworthiness as determined by review of its customers' credit information. Credit is extended on an unsecured basis to many of its energy customers. At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the MGP's credit evaluation indicated that the Partnership had no need for an allowance for possible losses. |
| Oil and Gas Properties [Policy Text Block] | Oil and Gas Properties
Oil and gas properties are stated at cost. Maintenance and repairs which generally do not extend the useful life of an asset for two years or more through the replacement of critical components are expensed as incurred. Major renewals and improvements which generally extend the useful life of an asset for two or more years through the replacement of critical components are capitalized.
The Partnership follows the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and gas producing activities. Oil is converted to gas equivalent basis ("Mcfe") at the rate of one barrel of oil to six Mcf of natural gas.
The Partnership's depletion expense is determined on a field-by-field basis using the units-of-production method. Depletion rates for lease, well and related equipment costs are based on proved developed reserves associated with each field. Depletion rates are determined based on reserve quantity estimates and the capitalized cost of developed producing properties. The Partnership recorded depletion expense on natural gas and oil properties of $9,995,300 and $4,115,100 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Upon the sale or retirement of a complete field of a proved property, the Partnership eliminates the cost from the property accounts and the resultant gain or loss is reclassified to the Partnership's statements of operations. Upon the sale of an individual well, the Partnership credits the proceeds to accumulated depreciation and depletion within its balance sheets.
As a result of retirements, the Partnership reclassified $49,700 from oil and gas properties to accumulated depletion for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Partnership reclassified $2,714,000 from oil and gas properties to accumulated depletion, pertaining to the MGP's decision to terminate a farm out agreement with a third party for well drilling in the South Knox area of the New Albany Shale that was originally entered into in 2010. The farm out agreement contained certain well drilling targets for the MGP to achieve in order for the MGP and the Partnership to maintain ownership of the South Knox oil and gas assets and for the MGP to continue the farm out agreement, which the MGP's management decided in 2012 to forgo due to the current natural gas price environment. As a result, the MGP disposed of costs associated with leaseholds, proposed well sites, salt-water disposal wells, gathering lines, and a processing plant and the Partnership reclassified its assets associated with this agreement as of September 30, 2012 to accumulated depletion. |
| Impairment of Long-Lived Assets [Policy Text Block] | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Partnership reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If it is determined that an asset's estimated future cash flows will not be sufficient to recover its carrying amount, an impairment charge will be recorded to reduce the carrying amount of that asset to its estimated fair value if such carrying amount exceeds the fair value.
The review of the Partnership's oil and gas properties is done on a field-by-field basis by determining if the historical cost of proved properties less the applicable accumulated depletion, depreciation and amortization and abandonment is less than the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows. The expected future cash flows are estimated based on the Partnership's plans to continue to produce and develop proved reserves. Expected future cash flow from the sale of the production of reserves is calculated based on estimated future prices. The Partnership estimates prices based upon current contracts in place, adjusted for basis differentials and market related information including published futures prices. The estimated future level of production is based on assumptions surrounding future prices and costs, field decline rates, market demand and supply and the economic and regulatory climates. If the carrying value exceeds the expected future cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the estimated fair market value (as determined by discounted future cash flows) and the carrying value of the assets.
The determination of oil and natural gas reserve estimates is a subjective process, and the accuracy of any reserve estimate depends on the quality of available data and the application of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. Estimates of economically recoverable reserves and future net cash flows depend on a number of variable factors and assumptions that are difficult to predict and may vary considerably from actual results.
In addition, reserve estimates for wells with limited or no production history are less reliable than those based on actual production. Estimated reserves are often subject to future revisions, which could be substantial, based on the availability of additional information which could cause the assumptions to be modified. The Partnership cannot predict what reserve revisions may be required in future periods. The Partnership may have to pay additional consideration in the future as a well becomes uneconomic under the terms of the Partnership Agreement in order to recover these reserves. There was no impairment charge recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012. During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Partnership recognized an impairment charge of $74,303,200, net of an offsetting gain in accumulated other comprehensive income of $1,295,500 |
| Working Interest [Policy Text Block] |
Working Interest
The Partnership Agreement establishes that revenues and expenses will be allocated to the MGP and limited partners based on their ratio of capital contributions to total contributions ("working interest"). The MGP is also provided an additional working interest of 10% as provided in the Partnership Agreement. Due to the time necessary to complete drilling operations and accumulate all drilling costs, estimated working interest percentage ownership rates are utilized to allocate revenues and expenses until the wells are completely drilled and turned on-line into production. Once the wells are completed, the final working interest ownership of the partners is determined and any previously allocated revenues and expenses based on the estimated working interest percentage ownership are adjusted to conform to the final working interest percentage ownership. |
| Revenue Recognition [Policy Text Block] |
Revenue Recognition
The Partnership generally sells natural gas and crude oil at prevailing market prices. Generally, the Partnership's sales contracts are based on pricing provisions that are tied to a market index, with certain fixed adjustments based on proximity to gathering and transmission lines and the quality of its natural gas. On average, the market index is fixed two business days prior to the commencement of the production month. Revenue and the related accounts receivable are recognized when produced quantities are delivered to a custody transfer point, persuasive evidence of a sales arrangement exists, the rights and responsibility of ownership pass to the purchaser upon delivery, collection of revenue from the sale is reasonably assured and the sales price is fixed or determinable. Revenues from the production of natural gas and crude oil, in which the Partnership has an interest with other producers, are recognized on the basis of its percentage ownership of working interest and/or overriding royalty.
The Partnership accrues unbilled revenue due to timing differences between the delivery of natural gas, NGL's, crude oil and condensate and the receipt of a delivery statement. These revenues are recorded based upon volumetric data from the Partnership's records and management estimates of the related commodity sales and transportation and compression fees which are, in turn, based upon applicable product prices (see "Use of Estimates" accounting policy for further description). The Partnership had unbilled revenues at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 of $4,180,900 and $1,403,100, respectively, which were included in accounts receivable trade-affiliate within the Partnership's balance sheets. |
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