COMVERGE, INC. - FORM 10-Q - XML - IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT - May 10, 2012
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Significant Accounting Policies
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3 Months Ended |
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Mar. 31, 2012
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| Signficant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Abstract] | |
| Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block] | Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements Revenue Recognition - Residential Business The Company sells intelligent energy management solutions directly to utilities for use and deployment by the utility. The Company recognizes revenue for such sales when delivery has occurred or services have been rendered and the following criteria have been met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable, delivery has occurred and collection is probable. The Company has certain contracts which are multiple element arrangements and provide for several deliverables to the customer that may include hardware, software and services, such as installation of the hardware, marketing, program management and hosting. The Company evaluates each deliverable to determine whether it represents a separate unit of accounting. A deliverable constitutes a separate unit of accounting when it has stand-alone value and there are no customer-negotiated refunds or return rights for the delivered elements. The separate deliverables in these arrangements meet the separation criteria. The contract consideration for these multiple element arrangements is allocated to the units of accounting based on the relative selling prices of all of the deliverables in the arrangement using the hierarchy of Vendor Specific Objective Evidence (VSOE), Third Party Evidence (TPE) or Estimated Selling Price (ESP). VSOE of fair value is based on the price charged when the element is sold separately. TPE of selling price is established by evaluating largely interchangeable competitor products or services in stand-alone sales to similarly situated customers. ESP is established considering multiple factors including, but not limited to list price, gross margin analysis and internal costs. Allocation of the consideration is determined at arrangement inception on the basis of each unit’s relative selling price. Once an allocated fair value is established for each unit of accounting, the contract deliverables are scoped into the appropriate accounting guidance for revenue recognition. The Company enters into long-term contracts with utilities in which the Company typically owns the underlying intelligent energy management network and provides its customer with electric capacity during the peak season. The Company invoices Virtual Peaking Capacity, or VPC, customers on a monthly or quarterly basis throughout the contract year. Contract years typically begin at the end of a control season (generally, at the end of a utility’s summer cooling season that correlates to the end of the utility’s peak demand for electricity) and continue for twelve months thereafter. The VPC contracts require the Company to provide electric capacity through demand reduction to utility customers, and require a measurement and verification of such capacity on an annual basis. In certain VPC contracts, the results of the measurement and verification process are applied retrospectively to the program year. For these contracts, the Company defers revenue and the associated cost of revenue related to these until such time as the annual contract payment is fixed or determinable. Once a utility’s customer, or program participant, enrolls in one of the Company’s VPC programs, the Company installs hardware at the participant’s location. The cost of the installation and the hardware are capitalized and depreciated as cost of revenue over the remaining term of the contract with the utility or an estimated operating life if such equipment may be placed into an open market on contract expiration. The Company also records telecommunications costs related to the network as cost of revenue. The cost of revenue is recognized contemporaneously with revenue. Revenue Recognition - Commercial & Industrial Business The Company enters into agreements to provide demand response services. The demand response programs require the Company to provide electric capacity through demand reduction when the utility or independent system operator calls a demand response event to curtail electrical usage. Demand response revenues are earned based on the Company’s ability to deliver capacity. In order to provide capacity, the Company manages a portfolio of commercial and industrial end users’ electric loads. Capacity amounts are verified through the results of an actual demand response event or a demand response test. The Company recognizes revenue and associated cost of revenue in its demand response services at such time as the capacity amount is fixed or determinable. The Company bids into forward auctions for open market programs with independent system operators, or ISO's. The program year, which spans from June 1st to May 31st annually for the Company's primary program, is three years from the date of the initial auction. Participation in the capacity program requires the Company to respond to requests from the ISO to curtail energy usage during the mandatory performance period of June through September, which is the peak demand season. For participation, the Company receives cash payments on a monthly basis in the program year. The Company may utilize the incremental auctions held within the three-year period prior to the commencement of the program year or may enter into bilateral agreements with other market demand or supply-side providers to fulfill a portion of the megawatts awarded in the initial auction. For the remaining megawatts, the Company enrolls C&I participants in order to fulfill its megawatt commitment with the ISO. If the Company remains the primary obligor for the megawatt commitment, the Company recognizes revenue and cost of revenue on a gross basis for those megawatts ratably over the performance period, once the revenue is fixed or determinable. If the Company is released from its obligations to fulfill those megawatts through an incremental auction or a bilateral agreement, the Company recognizes revenue, net of the cost of revenue, at the time that megawatts are accepted by the ISO and the financial assurance is released. The Company enters into agreements to provide base load reduction. Energy efficiency revenues are earned based on the Company’s ability to achieve committed capacity through base load reduction. In order to provide this reduction, the Company delivers and installs energy efficiency management solutions. The base load capacity contracts require the Company to provide electric capacity to utility customers and include a measurement and verification of such capacity in order to determine contract consideration. The Company defers revenue and associated cost of revenue until such time as the capacity amount, and therefore the related revenue, is fixed or determinable. Once the reduction amount has been verified, the revenue is recognized. If the revenue is subject to penalty, refund or an ongoing obligation, the revenue is deferred until the contingency is resolved and/or the Company has met its performance obligation. Certain contracts contain multiple deliverables, or elements, which require the Company to assess whether the different elements qualify for separate accounting. The separate deliverables in these arrangements meet the separation criteria. Revenue from time-and-materials service contracts and other services are recognized as services are provided. Revenue from certain fixed price contracts are recognized on a percentage-of-completion basis, which involves the use of estimates. If the Company does not have a sufficient basis to measure the progress towards completion, revenue is recognized when the project is completed or when final acceptance is received from the customer. The Company also enters into agreements to provide hosting services that allow customers to monitor and analyze their electrical usage. Revenue from hosting contracts is recognized as the services are provided, generally on a recurring monthly basis. Foreign Currency Transactions The currency of the primary economic environment in which the operations of the Company are conducted is the United States Dollar (“dollar”). The functional currency of the Company's international subsidiary is the local currency. The Company translates the financial statements of the subsidiary to dollars using month-end rates of exchange for assets and liabilities and average rates of exchange for revenues, costs, and expenses. The Company records translation gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income as a component of stockholders’ equity. Translation losses were immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2012. As the Company's international subsidiary was established in late 2011, no such translation gains or losses were recorded in the first quarter of 2011. The Company records net gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions as a component of interest and other income, net. Foreign currency gains were immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. Concentration of Credit Risk The Company derives a significant portion of its revenue from products and services that it supplies to electricity providers, such as utilities and independent service operators. Changes in economic conditions and unforeseen events could occur and could have the effect of reducing use of electricity by our customers’ consumers. The Company’s business success depends in part on its relationships with a limited number of large customers. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Company had three customers which accounted for 17%, 15% and 11% of the Company’s revenue. The total billed and unbilled accounts receivable from these customers was $18,216, in the aggregate, as of March 31, 2012. The total billed and unbilled accounts receivable from these customers was $19,107, in the aggregate, as of December 31, 2011. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company had two customers which accounted for 24% and 17% of the Company’s revenue. No other customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. The Company is subject to concentrations of credit risk from its cash and cash equivalents and short term investments. The Company limits its exposure to credit risk associated with cash and cash equivalents and short term investments by placing its cash and cash equivalents with a number of domestic financial institutions and by investing in investment grade securities. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In June 2011, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to comprehensive income. The guidance eliminates the option to present other comprehensive income in the Statement of Shareholders' Equity, but instead allows companies to elect to present net income and other comprehensive income in one continuous statement (Statement of Comprehensive Income) or in two consecutive statements. This guidance does not change any of the components of net income or other comprehensive income and earnings per share will still be calculated based on net income. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2012 and has elected to present two consecutive statements. |
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