| Income Taxes |
14. INCOME TAXES
For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the local (United States) and foreign
components of (loss) income from operations before income taxes were comprised of the following:
| |
|
Years ended December 31, |
| |
|
2011 |
|
2010 |
| Tax jurisdictions from: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| - Local |
|
$ |
- |
|
$ |
- |
| - Foreign |
|
|
(2,294,225) |
|
|
3,438,380 |
|
(Loss) Income before income taxes |
|
$ |
(2,294,225) |
|
$ |
3,438,380 |
The provision for income taxes consisted of the following:
| |
|
Years ended December 31, |
| |
|
2011 |
|
2010 |
| Current: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| - Local |
|
$ |
- |
|
$ |
- |
| - Foreign |
|
|
323,317 |
|
|
949,645 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Deferred: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| - Local |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
| - Foreign |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
Income tax expense |
|
$ |
323,317 |
|
$ |
949,645 |
The effective tax rate in the years presented is the result of the mix of income earned
in various tax jurisdictions that apply a broad range of income tax rates. The Company has subsidiaries that operate in various
countries: United States, BVI, Hong Kong and the PRC that are subject to taxes in the jurisdictions in which they operate, as follows:
United States of America
The Company is registered in the State of Nevada and is subject to the tax laws of the
United States of America.
British Virgin Island
Under the current BVI law, BSL is not subject to tax on its income or profits. For the
years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, BSL generated an operating loss of $56,788 and $36,320.
Hong Kong
GWIL is subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax, which is charged at the statutory income rate
of 16.5% on its assessable income. For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, GWIL suffered from an operating loss of $10,583
and $26,417.
The PRC
The Company generated its income from its subsidiaries and VIEs operating in the PRC
for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. All entities in the PRC are subject to the Corporate Income Tax Law of the Peoples
Republic of China at a unified income tax rate of 25%. A reconciliation of income tax rate to the effective income tax rate for
the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 is as follows:
| |
|
Years ended December 31, |
| |
|
2011 |
|
2010 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (Loss) income before income taxes |
|
$ |
(2,226,854) |
|
$ |
3,428,477 |
| Statutory income tax rate |
|
|
25% |
|
|
25% |
| Income tax expense at the statutory rate |
|
|
(556,714) |
|
|
857,119 |
| Net operating loss not recognized as deferred tax asset |
|
|
456,188 |
|
|
96,096 |
| Net operating loss carryforward |
|
|
- |
|
|
(37,648) |
| Non-deductible item |
|
|
420,586 |
|
|
31,456 |
| Tax adjustments |
|
|
3,257 |
|
|
2,622 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
$ |
323,317 |
|
$ |
949,645 |
The following table sets forth the significant components of the aggregate net deferred
tax assets of the Company as of December 31, 2011 and 2010:
| |
|
As of December 31, |
| |
|
2011 |
|
2010 |
| Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Net operating loss carryforwards from the PRC |
|
$ |
256,411 |
|
$ |
165,208 |
| Less: valuation allowance |
|
|
(256,411) |
|
|
(165,208) |
|
Deferred tax assets |
|
$ |
- |
|
$ |
- |
As of December 31, 2011, the Company incurred $1,009,418 of aggregate net operating loss carryforward available
to offset its taxable income for income tax purposes. The Company has provided for a full valuation allowance against the deferred
tax assets of $256,411 on the expected future tax benefits from the net operating loss carryforwards as the management believes
it is more likely than not that these assets will not be realized in the future. For the year ended December 31, 2011, the valuation
allowance was increased by $91,203, primarily relating to net operating loss carryforward in the foreign tax regime.
|