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WABASH NATIONAL CORP /DE - FORM 10-K - February 25, 2011
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
(Mark One)
For the transition period from to ______________
Commission File Number: 1-10883
WABASH NATIONAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (765) 771-5300
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ¨ No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ¨ No x
The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2010 was $415,957,141 based upon the closing price of the Company's common stock as quoted on the New York Stock Exchange composite tape on such date.
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant's common stock as of February 21, 2011 was 68,303,569.
Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates by reference certain portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed within 120 days after December 31, 2010.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
WABASH NATIONAL CORPORATION
FORM 10-K FOR THE FISCAL
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2010
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FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements may include the words “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “intend,” “continue,” “believe,” “expect,” “plan” or “anticipate” and other similar words. Our “forward-looking statements” include, but are not limited to, statements regarding:
Actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in our forward-looking statements. Our future financial condition and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed in this Annual Report. Each forward-looking statement contained in this Annual Report reflects our management’s view only as of the date on which that forward-looking statement was made. We are not obligated to update forward-looking statements or publicly release the result of any revisions to them to reflect events or
circumstances after the date of this Annual Report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law.
Currently known risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations are described throughout this Annual Report, including in “Item 1A. Risk Factors”. We urge you to carefully review that section for a more complete discussion of the risks of an investment in our securities.
PART I
ITEM 1—BUSINESS
Founded in 1985 as a start-up company, Wabash National Corporation (“Wabash,” “Company,” “us,” “we” or “our”) is one of North America’s leaders in designing, manufacturing and marketing standard and customized truck trailers and related transportation equipment. We believe our position as a leader has been the result of our longstanding relationships with our core customers, our demonstrated ability to attract new customers, our broad and innovative product lines, our technological leadership and our large distribution and service network. Our management team is focused on continuing to size our manufacturing and retail
operations to match the current demand environment, implementing our cost savings initiatives, strengthening our capital structure, developing innovative products, improving earnings and selective production introductions that meet the needs of our customers.
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We seek to identify and produce proprietary products that offer exceptional value to customers with the potential to generate higher profit margins than those of standardized products. We believe that we have the engineering and manufacturing capability to produce these products efficiently. We introduced our proprietary composite product, DuraPlateâ, in 1996. According to the most recent A.C.T. Research Company, LLC (ACT) estimates on total trailer industry shipments, composite trailers have achieved
widespread industry acceptance accounting for approximately one out of every three dry van trailer shipments in 2010. Since 2002, sales of our DuraPlateâ trailers represented approximately 91% of our total new dry van trailer sales. We are also a competitive producer of standardized sheet and post and refrigerated trailer products and we strive to become the low-cost producer of these products within our industry. Through our Transcraft subsidiary we also manufacture steel flatbed and dropdeck trailers. As part of our commitment to expand our customer base, diversify our revenues and extend our market leadership, Transcraft acquired in July 2008 certain operating assets of Benson International LLC, and its affiliates (Benson), a manufacturer of
aluminum flatbeds, dump trailers and other truck bodies. In addition, in December 2008, the Company announced a multi-year agreement to build and service all of PODS®1 portable storage container requirements as part of our strategy to leverage our DuraPlate® panel technology into other industry segments. We expect to continue a program of product development and selective acquisitions of quality proprietary products that further differentiate us from our competitors and increase shareholder value.
We market our transportation equipment under the Wabashâ, DuraPlateâ, DuraPlateHDâ, FreightProâ, ArcticLite®, RoadRailer®, Transcraft®, Eagle®, Eagle II®, D-Eagle® and Benson® trademarks directly to customers, through independent dealers and through our Company-owned retail branch network. Historically, we have focused on our longstanding core customers representing many of the largest companies in the trucking industry. Our relationships with our core customers have been central to our growth since inception. We have also actively pursued the diversification of our customer base by focusing on
what we refer to as the mid-market. These carriers, which represent over 2,100 carriers, operate fleets of between 250 to 7,500 trailers, which we estimate in total account for approximately two million trailers.
Longstanding core customers include – Averitt Express, Inc.; Crete Carrier Corporation; FedEx Corporation; Heartland Express, Inc.; Knight Transportation, Inc.; Old Dominion Freight Lines, Inc.; SAIA Motor Freightlines, Inc.; Safeway, Inc.; Schneider National, Inc.; Swift Transportation Corporation; U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc.; Werner Enterprises, Inc.; and YRC Worldwide, Inc.
Mid-market customers include – Baylor Trucking; Barr-Nunn Transportation, Inc.; C&S Wholesale Grocers, Inc.; CR England, Inc.; Cargo Transporters Inc; Celadon Group, Inc.; Con-way Truckload (formerly CFI); Cowan Systems, LLC; Dollar General Corporation; Frozen Food Express Industries, Inc.; Gordon Trucking, Inc.; Landair Transport, Inc.; New Penn Motor Express, Inc.; Prime, Inc.; Roehl Transport, Inc.; Star Transport, Inc.; USA Logistics; USF Corporation; and Xtra Lease, Inc.
Our 11 Company-owned full service retail branches provide additional opportunities to distribute our products and also offer nationwide services and support capabilities for our customers. In addition, we maintain three used fleet sales centers to focus on selling both large and small fleet trade packages to the wholesale market. Our retail branch network’s sale of new and used trailers, aftermarket parts and service generally provides enhanced margin opportunities. We also utilize a network of 30 independent dealers with approximately 65 locations throughout North America to distribute our van trailers. In addition, we distribute our flatbed and dropdeck trailers
through a network of 82 independent dealers with approximately 120 locations throughout North America.
Wabash was incorporated in Delaware in 1991 and is the successor by merger to a Maryland corporation organized in 1985. We operate in two reportable business segments: (1) manufacturing and (2) retail and distribution. Financial results by segment, including information about revenues from customers, measures of profit and loss, total assets, and financial information regarding geographic areas and export sales are discussed in Note 14, Segments and Related Information, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Our internet website is www.wabashnational.com. We make our electronic filings with the Securities Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to these reports available on our website free of charge as soon as practicable after we file or furnish them with the SEC. Information on the website is not part of this Form 10-K.
1 PODS® is a registered trademark of PODS, Inc. and Pods Enterprises, Inc.
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Strategy
We are committed to a corporate strategy that seeks to maximize shareholder value by executing on the core elements of our strategic plan:
Industry and Competition
Trucking in the U.S., according to the American Trucking Association (ATA), was estimated to be a $660 billion industry in 2008. The ATA estimates that approximately 69% of all freight tonnage is carried by trucks at some point during its shipment. Trailer demand is a direct function of the amount of freight to be transported. As the economy improves, it is forecasted that truck carriers will need to expand and replace their fleets, which typically results in increased trailer orders.
Transportation in the U.S., including trucking, is a cyclical industry. Transportation has experienced three cycles over the last 20 years. Truck freight tonnage, according to ATA statistics, started declining year-over-year in 2006 and remained at depressed levels through 2009. However, the most recent ATA data shows that in 2010 freight tonnage increased approximately 6% from 2009. Three U.S. economic downturns have occurred during the last 20 years and in each instance the decline in freight tonnage preceded the general economic decline by approximately two and one-half years and its recovery has generally preceded that of the economy as a whole. The trailer
industry generally follows the transportation industry, experiencing cycles in the early and late 90’s lasting approximately 58 and 67 months, respectively. The most recent cycle began in early 2001 and, based on current ACT estimates, reached the bottom in 2009. While the trailer industry in 2010 recovered significantly from the previous year’s low, the total trailer market for 2010 was still well below replacement demand levels. In our view, the sustainability of a recovery within the trailer industry will require improvements in general freight demand, improved credit markets and a recovery of the housing and construction markets. In addition, there are several different topics within state and federal legislative processes that could have a favorable impact on the demand for trailers in the near term, specifically the bonus
depreciation provision for eligible capital investments, comprehensive safety programs for carriers and drivers as well as proposed rule changes regarding hours of service restrictions.
Wabash, and its two largest competitors, Great Dane and Utility, are generally viewed as the top three trailer manufacturers in the United States and have accounted for greater than 50% of U.S. new trailer market share in recent years, including approximately 59% in 2010. Our market share of U.S. total trailer shipments in 2010 was approximately 21%. Trailer manufacturers compete primarily through the quality of their products, customer relationships, service availability and cost. Over the past several years, we have seen a number of our competitors follow our leadership in the development and use of composite sidewalls that compete directly with our DuraPlateâ products. Our product development is focused on maintaining our leading position with respect to these products.
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The table below sets forth new trailer production for Wabash and, as provided by Trailer Body Builders Magazine, our largest competitors and the trailer industry as a whole within North America. The data represents all segments of the market, except containers and chassis. For the years included below, we have participated in the van, platform and dump trailer segments. Van production has declined from a high of approximately 198,000 trailers in 2006 to a low of approximately 50,000 trailers in 2009 while recovering to an estimated 89,000 trailers in 2010. Our market share for van trailers in 2010 was approximately 29%, an
increase of approximately 8% from 2009 due to increased market demand in the dry van market, our largest segment, as compared to the refrigerated trailer market.
Competitive Strengths
We believe our core competitive strengths include:
- Extended Service Life – operate three to five years longer;
- Lower Total Cost of Ownership – less costly to maintain;
- Less Downtime – higher utilization for fleets;
- Extended Warranty – warranty period for DuraPlateâ panels is ten years; and
- Improved Resale – higher trade-in values.
We have been manufacturing DuraPlateâ trailers for over 15 years and through December 2010 have sold over 400,000 trailers. This proven experience, combined with ownership and knowledge of the DuraPlateâ panel technology, helps ensure continued industry leadership in the future. We have also successfully introduced innovations in our ArcticLite® refrigerated trailers and other product lines, including the
DuraPlateHD® trailer and the FreightPro® sheet and post trailer.
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Regulation
Truck trailer length, height, width, maximum weight capacity and other specifications are regulated by individual states. The federal government also regulates certain safety features incorporated in the design and use of truck trailers. These regulations include, but are not limited to, requirements on anti-lock braking systems (ABS) and rear-impact guard standards as well as operator restrictions as to hours of service and minimum driver safety standards (see “Industry Trends”). Manufacturing operations are subject to environmental laws enforced by federal, state and local agencies (see
"Environmental Matters").
Products
Since our inception, we have expanded our product offerings from a single truck trailer product to a broad range of trailer-related transportation equipment. Our manufacturing segment specializes in the development of innovative proprietary products for our key markets. Manufacturing segment sales represented approximately 85%, 79% and 83% of consolidated Wabash net sales in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Our current transportation equipment and DuraPlate® products primarily include the following:
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Our retail and distribution segment offers products in three general categories: new trailers, used trailers and parts and service. The following is a description of each product category:
Customers
Our customer base has historically included many of the nation’s largest truckload common carriers, leasing companies, private fleet carriers, less-than-truckload (LTL) common carriers and package carriers. We successfully diversified our customer base from approximately 60% of total trailers sold to large core customers in 2002 to approximately 30% in 2010 by continuing to expand our customer base and by diversifying into the broader trailer market through the recent acquisitions of Transcraft and Benson assets. In addition, we continue to diversify our products by expanding the use of DuraPlate®
composite panels through portable storage containers, DuraPlate® Aeroskirts® and truck bodies. All of these efforts have been accomplished while maintaining our relationships with our core customers. Our five largest customers together accounted for approximately 32%, 41% and 35% of our aggregate net sales in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, with two different customers representing approximately 10% and 14% of our net sales in 2010 and 2009, respectively. International sales, primarily to Canadian customers, accounted for less than 10% of net sales for each of the last three years.
We have established relationships as a supplier to many large customers in the transportation industry, including the following:
2 EPA Smartway® is a registered trademark of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
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Marketing and Distribution
We market and distribute our products through the following channels:
Factory direct accounts are generally large fleets, with over 7,500 trailers, that are high volume purchasers. Historically, we have focused on the factory direct market in which customers are highly knowledgeable of the life-cycle costs of trailer equipment and, therefore, are best equipped to appreciate the design and value-added features of our products. We have also actively pursued through our Company-owned and independent dealer network the diversification of our customer base focusing on what we refer to as the mid-market. These approximately 2,100 carriers operate fleets of between 250 to 7,500 trailers, which we estimate in total account for approximately two million
trailers. Since implementing our mid-market sales strategy in late 2003, we have added approximately 320 new mid-market customers accounting for approximately 22,000 new trailer orders.
Our Company-owned distribution network generates retail sales of trailers to smaller fleets and independent operators located in geographic regions where our branches are located. This branch network enables us to provide maintenance and other services to customers. The branch network and our used trailer centers provide an outlet for used trailers taken in trade upon the sale of new trailers, which is a common practice with fleet customers.
We also sell our van trailers through a network of 30 independent dealers with approximately 65 locations throughout North America. Our platform trailers are sold through 82 independent dealers with approximately 120 locations throughout North America. The dealers primarily serve mid-market and smaller sized carriers and private fleets in the geographic region where the dealer is located and occasionally may sell to large fleets. The dealers may also perform service work for our customers.
Raw Materials
We utilize a variety of raw materials and components including specialty steel coil, plastic, aluminum, lumber, tires, landing gear, axles and suspensions, which we purchase from a limited number of suppliers. Costs of raw materials and component parts represented approximately 75%, 75% and 74% of our consolidated net sales in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Significant price fluctuations or shortages in raw materials or finished components has had, and could have further, adverse affects on our results of operations. In 2011 and for the foreseeable future, we expect that the raw materials used in the greatest quantity will be steel, aluminum, plastic and wood. Our
suppliers of raw material and components have advised us that they have adequate capacity to meet our current and expected demands during 2011, but if the demand for their products increases then their lead-times may increase as well, or they could place us on allocation, which has happened in the past. For 2011, we expect there to be continued price volatility for our primary commodity raw materials, including aluminum, steel and plastic along with significant component pricing, including tires. Our Harrison, Arkansas laminated hardwood floor facility provides the majority of our requirements for trailer floors.
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Backlog
Orders that have been confirmed by customers in writing and can be produced during the next 18 months are included in our backlog. Orders that comprise our backlog may be subject to changes in quantities, delivery, specifications and terms or cancellation. Our backlog of orders at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were approximately $480 million and $137 million, respectively. We expect to complete the majority of our existing backlog orders within the next 12 months.
Patents and Intellectual Property
We hold or have applied for 58 patents in the U.S. on various components and techniques utilized in our manufacture of transportation equipment. In addition, we hold or have applied for 68 patents in foreign countries. Our patents include intellectual property related to the manufacture of trailers using our proprietary DuraPlateâ product, which we believe offers us a significant competitive advantage. The patents in our DuraPlate® portfolio have expiration dates ranging from 2011 to
2024. In addition, we have applied for, or been granted, patents in the United States and foreign countries relating to innovative product designs or design improvements, which were first developed by Wabash National and have become highly desirable in our industry. In our view there are no meaningful patents having an expiration date prior to 2016.
We also hold or have applied for 38 trademarks in the U.S., as well as 31 trademarks in foreign countries. These trademarks include the Wabash®, Wabash National®, Transcraft® and Benson® brand names as well as trademarks associated with our proprietary products such as DuraPlateâ, RoadRailerâ, Eagle® and Benson® trailers. We believe these trademarks are important for the identification of our products and the associated customer goodwill; however, our business is not materially dependent on such trademarks.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses are charged to earnings as incurred and were $0.9 million, $1.2 million and $3.2 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Environmental Matters
Our facilities are subject to various environmental laws and regulations, including those relating to air emissions, wastewater discharges, the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes, and occupational safety and health. Our operations and facilities have been and in the future may become the subject of enforcement actions or proceedings for non-compliance with such laws or for remediation of company-related releases of substances into the environment. Resolution of such matters with regulators can result in commitments to compliance abatement or remediation programs and in some cases the payment of penalties (see Item 3
“Legal Proceedings”).
We believe that our facilities are in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations. Our facilities have incurred, and will continue to incur, capital and operating expenditures and other costs in complying with these laws and regulations. However, we currently do not anticipate that the future costs of environmental compliance will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Employees
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, we had approximately 1,800 and 1,600 full-time associates, respectively. Throughout 2010, all of our active associates were non-union. As the demand for trailers increased throughout 2010, we also increased our temporary associates from approximately 5% of our production workforce as of December 31, 2009 to approximately 50% throughout the second half of 2010 in order to meet our customer demand. We place a strong emphasis on employee relations through educational programs and quality improvement teams. We believe our employee relations are good.
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Executive Officers of Wabash National Corporation
The following are the executive officers of the Company:
Richard J. Giromini. Mr. Giromini was promoted to President and Chief Executive Officer on January 1, 2007. He had been Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer from February 28, 2005 until December 2005 when he was appointed President and a Director of the Company. Prior to that, he had been Senior Vice President - Chief Operating Officer since joining the Company on July 15, 2002. Mr. Giromini was with Accuride Corporation from April 1998 to July 2002, where he served in capacities as Senior Vice President - Technology and Continuous Improvement; Senior Vice
President and General Manager - Light Vehicle Operations; and President and CEO of AKW LP. Previously, Mr. Giromini was employed by ITT Automotive, Inc. from 1996 to 1998 serving as the Director of Manufacturing. Mr. Giromini also serves on the board of directors of Robbins & Myers, Inc., a global supplier of highly engineered equipment and systems for critical applications in energy, industrial, chemical and pharmaceutical markets, which he joined in October 2008. Mr. Giromini holds a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical and industrial engineering and a Master of Science degree in industrial management, both from Clarkson University. He is a graduate of the Advanced Management Program at the Duke University Fuqua School of Management.
Rodney P. Ehrlich. Mr. Ehrlich has been Senior Vice President – Chief Technology Officer of the Company since January 2004. From 2001 to 2003, Mr. Ehrlich was Senior Vice President of Product Development. Mr. Ehrlich has been in charge of the Company's engineering operations since the Company's founding. Prior to Wabash National, Mr. Ehrlich started with Monon Trailer Corporation in 1963 working various positions until becoming Chief Engineer in 1973, Director of Engineering in 1978, and serving until joining the founders of Wabash National in 1985. Mr. Ehrlich has obtained over 50 patents in trailer related
design during his 47 year trailer career. Mr. Ehrlich holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering from Purdue University.
Bruce N. Ewald. Mr. Ewald’s original appointment was Vice President and General Manager of Wabash National Trailer Centers, Inc. when he joined the Company in March 2005. In October 2005, he was promoted to Senior Vice President – Sales and Marketing. Mr. Ewald has nearly 30 years experience in the transportation industry. Most recently, Mr. Ewald was with PACCAR from 1991 to February 2005 where he served in a number of executive-level positions. Prior to PACCAR, Mr. Ewald spent 10 years with Genuine Parts Co. where he served in several positions, including President and General Manager,
Napa Auto Parts/Genuine Parts Co. Mr. Ewald holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Business from the University of Minnesota.
Timothy J. Monahan. Mr. Monahan has been Senior Vice President – Human Resources since joining the Company in October 2003. Prior to Wabash, Mr. Monahan was with Textron Fastening Systems from 1999 to October 2003 where he served as Vice President – Human Resources for the Commercial Solutions Group and later Global Vice President – Human Resources. Previously, Mr. Monahan served in a variety of key executive roles at Beloit Corporation, Ingersoll Cutting Tools and Regal Beloit Corporation, including Vice President – Human Resources at both Beloit’s Mill Pro and Paper Machinery
Groups. Mr. Monahan serves on the board of directors of Global Specialty Solutions, a global producer of special cutting tools and tooling solutions. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree from Milton College and has attended several executive management programs, including the Duke University Fuqua School of Management where he completed the Advanced Executive Management Program.
Erin J. Roth. Effective January 1, 2011, Ms. Roth was promoted to the position of Senior Vice President – General Counsel and Secretary, following her appointment on March 1, 2010 to the position of Vice President – General Counsel and Secretary. Ms. Roth joined the Company in March 2007 as Corporate Counsel and was promoted in July 2009 to Senior Corporate Counsel. For the five years prior to joining the Company, Ms. Roth was engaged in the private practice of law with Barnes & Thornburg, LLP, representing a number of private and public companies throughout the United States. Ms. Roth earned her
Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting from Butler University and her Juris Doctorate from the Georgetown University Law Center.
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Mark J. Weber. Mr. Weber was promoted to Senior Vice President – Chief Financial Officer on August 31, 2009. Mr. Weber joined the Company in August 2005 as Director of Internal Audit, was promoted in February 2007 to Director of Finance, and in November 2007 he was promoted to Vice President and Corporate Controller. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Weber was with Great Lakes Chemical Corporation from October 1995 through August 2005 where he served in several positions of increasing responsibility within accounting and finance, including Vice President of Finance. Mr. Weber earned his Master’s of
Business Administration and Bachelor of Science in Accounting from Purdue University’s Krannert School of Management.
ITEM 1A—RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the risks described below in addition to other information contained or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report before investing in our securities. Realization of any of the following risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.
Risks Related to Our Business, Strategy and Operations
Our results of operations have declined significantly in recent periods, and the impact of the current global economic downturn and its effects on our industry could continue to harm our operations and financial performance.
As of December 31, 2010, our stockholders' equity totaled
$129.0 million. For the three years ending December 31,
2010 and excluding the impact of the goodwill impairment recorded in 2008, we
have recorded net losses from operations totaling $119.0
million. These accumulated net operating losses reflect the conditions in
the markets we serve and the general condition of the global
economy. We believe that the overall industry in which we operate has
been affected similarly during this period. The global economic
downturn has caused demand for new trailers to decline and has led to, in some
cases, the cyclical timeframe for trailer replacement to be delayed due to
economic pressures. For example, according to a February 2011 report
by ACT, total trailer industry shipments for the years ending 2010, 2009 and
2008 were approximately 120,000 trailers, 79,000 trailers and 143,000 trailers,
respectively. By comparison, each of these years are
significantly below both the total trailer industry shipments in 2007 of 213,000
and the industry replacement demand levels of approximately 185,000
trailers. ACT is estimating 2011 trailer volumes to be approximately
195,000, representing an increase of approximately 63% from the previous
year. Even with the forecasted recovery within the trailer
manufacturing industry, we cannot make any assurances that we will be profitable
in future periods or, if we do become profitable, that we will be able to
sustain or increase profitability in the future. Achieving
profitability will be dependant on several factors, including but not limited to
our ability to increase our overall trailer volumes, improve our product
diversification efforts and manage our expenses. If we are unable to
generate profitability in the future, we may not be able to meet our
requirements under our revolving credit facility.
We continue to be affected by the global economy, especially the credit markets, as well as the decline in the housing and construction-related markets in the U.S. The same general economic concerns faced by us are also faced by our customers. We believe that some of our customers are highly leveraged, have limited access to capital, and may be reliant on liquidity from global credit markets and other sources of external financing. If the current conditions impacting the credit markets and general economy are prolonged, we may be faced with unexpected delays in product purchases or the loss of customers, which could further materially impact our financial position, results of
operations and cash flow. Further, lack of liquidity by our customers could impact our ability to collect amounts owed to us. While we have taken steps to address these concerns through the implementation of our strategic plan, we are not immune to the pressures being faced by our industry or the global economy, and our results of operations may decline.
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Our ability to fund operations is limited by our cash on hand and available borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility.
As of December 31, 2010, our liquidity position, defined as cash on hand and available borrowing capacity, amounted to $60.4 million. Our ability to fund our working capital needs and capital expenditures is limited by the net cash provided by operations, cash on hand and available borrowings under our revolving credit facility. Additional declines in net cash provided by operations, further decreases in the availability under the revolving credit facility or changes in the credit our suppliers provide to us, could rapidly exhaust our liquidity. However, we believe our liquidity on December 31, 2010 of $60.4 million will be adequate to fund expected operating results, working capital
requirements and capital expenditures throughout 2011, which we expect to be a period of economic recovery within the trailer manufacturing industry. However, if needed, our inability to increase liquidity would adversely impact our future performance, operations and results of operations.
Our revolving credit facility contains several restrictive covenants that, if breached, could limit our financial and operating flexibility and subject us to other risks.
Our revolving credit facility includes certain financial covenants that, if not met, would trigger an event of default and our lenders may declare all amounts outstanding under our debt agreement, together with any accrued interest, to be immediately due and payable.
Our revolving credit facility requires that we maintain a certain minimum level of availability throughout the duration of the agreement. Pursuant to the revolving credit facility, if the availability under our revolving credit facility is less than $15,000,000 at any time before the earlier of (i) August 14, 2011 or (ii) the date that monthly financial statements are delivered for the month ending June 30, 2011, we are required to maintain a varying minimum EBITDA and are restricted in the amount of capital expenditures it can make during such period. If our availability is less than $20,000,000 thereafter, we are required to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio for the 12 month period
ending on the last day of the calendar month that ended most recently prior to such time of not less than 1.10 to 1.0, which could limit our ability to make capital expenditures.
The revolving credit facility also contains customary events of default including, without limitation, failure to pay obligations when due under the revolving credit facility, false and misleading representations, breaches of covenants (subject in some instances to cure and grace periods), defaults by us on certain other indebtedness, the occurrence of certain uninsured losses, business disruptions for a period of time that materially adversely affects the capacity to continue business on a profitable basis, changes of control and the incurrence of certain judgments that are not stayed, released or discharged within 30 days.
Due to the amount of our excess availability, as calculated under the revolving credit facility, we are currently in compliance will all covenants. Our ability to comply with our credit facility in the future may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions.
Our business is highly cyclical, which has had, and could have further, adverse affects on our sales and results of operations.
The truck trailer manufacturing industry historically has been and is expected to continue to be cyclical, as well as affected by overall economic conditions. Customers historically have replaced trailers in cycles that run from five to 12 years, depending on service and trailer type. Poor economic conditions can adversely affect demand for new trailers and have historically, and has currently, led to an overall aging of trailer fleets beyond this typical replacement cycle. Customers' buying patterns can also reflect regulatory changes, such as federal hours-of-service rules and federal emissions standards.
While we have taken steps to diversify through the implementation of our strategic plan, we are subject to the cyclicality. As a result, during downturns, we operate with a lower level of backlog and have had to temporarily slow down or halt production at some or all of our facilities, including extending normal shut down periods and reducing salaried headcount levels. We could be forced to further slow down or halt additional production. An economic downturn may reduce, and in the past has reduced, demand for trailers, resulting in lower sales volumes, lower prices and decreased profits and losses.
A change in our customer relationships or in the financial condition of our customers has had, and could have further, adverse affects on our business.
We have longstanding relationships with a number of large customers to whom we supply our products. We do not have long-term agreements with these customers. Our success is dependent, to a significant extent, upon the continued strength of these relationships and the growth of our core customers. We often are unable to predict the level of demand for our products from these customers, or the timing of their orders. In addition, the same economic conditions that adversely affect us also often adversely affect our customers and in the current environment have led to reduced demand. As some of our customers are highly leveraged and have limited access to
capital, their continued existence may be uncertain. The loss of a significant customer or unexpected delays in product purchases could further adversely affect our business and results of operations.
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Demand for new trailers has been and will continue to be sensitive to economic conditions over which we have no control and that may further adversely affect our revenues and profitability.
Demand for trailers is sensitive to changes in economic conditions such as the level of employment, consumer confidence, consumer income, new housing starts, government regulations and the availability of financing and interest rates. The status of these economic conditions periodically have an adverse effect on truck freight and the demand for and the pricing of our trailers, and have resulted in, and could lead to further, result in the inability of customers to meet their contractual terms or payment obligations, which could further cause our operating revenues and profits to decline.
Our backlog is not necessarily indicative of the level of our future revenues.
Our backlog represents future production for which we have written orders from our customers that can be produced or sold in the next 18 months. Orders that comprise our backlog may be subject to changes in quantities, delivery, specifications and terms, or cancellation, and our reported backlog may not be converted to revenue in any particular period and actual revenue from such orders may not equal our backlog revenues. Therefore, our backlog is not necessarily indicative of the level of our future revenues.
Our technology and products may not achieve market acceptance or competing products could gain market share, which could adversely affect our competitive position.
We continue to optimize and expand our product offerings to meet our customer needs through our established brands, such as DuraPlate®, DuraPlateHD®, FreightPro®, ArcticLite®, Transcraft Eagle® and Benson®. While we target product development to meet customer needs, there is no assurance that our product development efforts will be embraced and that we will meet our sales projections. Companies in the truck transportation industry, a very fluid industry in which our customers primarily operate, make frequent changes to maximize their operations and profits.
Over the past several years, we have seen a number of our competitors follow our leadership in the development and use of composite sidewalls that compete directly with our DuraPlateâ products. Our product development is focused on maintaining our leadership on these products but competitive pressures may erode our market share or margins. We continue to take steps to protect our proprietary rights in our products. However, the steps we have taken to protect them may not be sufficient or may not be enforced by a court of law. If we are unable to protect our
intellectual properties, other parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain or use our products or technology. If competitors are able to use our technology, our ability to effectively compete could be harmed. In addition, litigation related to intellectual property could result in substantial costs and efforts which may not result in a successful outcome.
We have a limited number of suppliers of raw materials and components; increases in the price of raw materials or the inability to obtain raw materials could adversely affect our results of operations.
We currently rely on a limited number of suppliers for certain key components and raw materials in the manufacturing of our products, such as tires, landing gear, axles, suspensions and specialty steel coil used in DuraPlate® panels. From time to time, there have been and may in the future be shortages of supplies of raw materials or components, or our suppliers may place us on allocation, which would have an adverse impact on our ability to meet demand for our products. Shortages and allocations may result in inefficient operations and a build-up of inventory, which can negatively affect our
working capital position. In addition, any price volatility in commodity pricing has had and could continue to have negative impacts to our operating margins. The loss of any of our suppliers or their inability to meet our price, quality, quantity and delivery requirements could have a significant impact on our results of operations.
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Disruption of our manufacturing operations would have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We manufacture our products at two van trailer manufacturing facilities in Lafayette, Indiana, a flatbed and dump-body trailer facility in Cadiz, Kentucky, and a hardwood floor facility in Harrison, Arkansas. An unexpected disruption in our production at any of these facilities for any length of time would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The inability to attract and retain key personnel could adversely affect our results of operations.
Our ability to operate our business and implement our strategies depends, in part, on the efforts of our executive officers and other key employees. Our future success depends, in large part, on our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel, including manufacturing personnel, sales professionals and engineers. The unexpected loss of services of any of our key personnel or the failure to attract or retain other qualified personnel could have a material adverse effect on the operation of our business.
We rely significantly on our integrated Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution to support our operations.
We rely on an ERP system and telecommunications infrastructure to integrate departments and functions, to enhance the ability to service customers, to improve our control environment and to manage our cost reduction initiatives. Any issues involving our critical business applications and infrastructure may adversely impact our ability to manage operations and the customers we serve.
Significant competition in the industry in which we operate may result in our competitors offering new or better products and services or lower prices, which could result in a loss of customers and a decrease in our revenues.
The truck trailer manufacturing industry is highly competitive. We compete with other manufacturers of varying sizes, some of which have substantial financial resources. Trailer manufacturers compete primarily on the quality of their products, customer relationships, service availability and cost. Barriers to entry in the standard truck trailer manufacturing industry are low. As a result, it is possible that additional competitors could enter the market at any time. In the recent past, manufacturing over-capacity and high leverage of some of our competitors, along with bankruptcies and financial stresses that affected the industry, contributed to significant pricing
pressures.
If we are unable to compete successfully with other trailer manufacturers, we could lose customers and our revenues may decline. In addition, competitive pressures in the industry may affect the market prices of our new and used equipment, which, in turn, may adversely affect our sales margins and results of operations.
We are subject to extensive governmental laws and regulations, and our costs related to compliance with, or our failure to comply with, existing or future laws and regulations could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
The length, height, width, maximum weight capacity and other specifications of truck trailers are regulated by individual states. The federal government also regulates certain truck trailer safety features, such as lamps, reflective devices, tires, air-brake systems and rear-impact guards. Changes or anticipation of changes in these regulations can have a material impact on our financial results, as our customers may defer purchasing decisions and we may have to re-engineer products. We are subject to various environmental laws and regulations dealing with the transportation, storage, presence, use, disposal and handling of hazardous materials, discharge of storm water and
underground fuel storage tanks and may be subject to liability associated with operations of prior owners of acquired property. In addition, we are subject to laws and regulations relating to the employment of our associates and labor-related practices.
If we are found to be in violation of applicable laws or regulations in the future, it could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our costs of complying with these or any other current or future regulations may be material. In addition, if we fail to comply with existing or future laws and regulations, we may be subject to governmental or judicial fines or sanctions.
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Product liability and other legal claims could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
As a manufacturer of products widely used in commerce, we are subject to product liability claims and litigation, as well as warranty claims. From time to time claims may involve material amounts and novel legal theories, and any insurance we carry may prove inadequate to insulate us from material liabilities for these claims.
In addition to product liability claims, we are subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business, such as workers' compensation claims, OSHA investigations, employment disputes and customer and supplier disputes arising out of the conduct of our business. Litigation may result in substantial costs and may divert management's attention and resources from the operation of our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Risks Related to an Investment in Our Common Stock
Our common stock has experienced, and may continue to experience, price volatility and a low trading volume.
The trading price and volume of our common stock has been and may continue to be subject to large fluctuations. The market price and volume of our common stock may increase or decrease in response to a number of events and factors, including:
This volatility may adversely affect the prices of our common stock regardless of our operating performance. To the extent that the price of our common stock declines, our ability to raise funds through the issuance of equity or otherwise use our common stock as consideration will be reduced. These factors may limit our ability to implement our operating and growth plans.
In connection with our issuance of preferred stock and the common stock warrant, certain provisions of the terms of our preferred stock may discourage third parties from seeking to acquire us.
Certain provisions of the documents governing our preferred stock may discourage third parties from seeking to acquire the Company. In particular, in the event of a change of control, defined as more than 50% of the voting power is transferred or acquired by any person other than Trailer Investments or its affiliates, occurs within twelve months of the date of the preferred stock was redeemed (or on or before May 28, 2011) our preferred stock has a mandatory redemption feature requiring us to offer to redeem the preferred stock at an additional premium of $74.6 million representing the difference between what Trailer Investments received at the time of redemption and what it would have been entitled to
receive on the date of redemption if a change of control had occurred on that date. As a result, this could discourage third parties from seeking to acquire us because any additional premium to our current common stock equity value would need to take into account the premium on our preferred stock. This means that to offer the holders of our common stock a premium, a third party would have to pay an amount significantly in excess of the current value of our common stock.
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An ownership change could result in a limitation on the use of our net operating losses.
As of December 31, 2010, we had approximately $180 million of remaining U.S. federal income tax net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”), which will begin to expire in 2022, if unused, and which may be subject to other limitations under Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) rules. We have various, multistate income tax net operating loss carryforwards, which have been recorded as a deferred income tax asset, of approximately $18 million, before valuation allowances. We also have various U.S. federal income tax credit carryforwards, which will expire beginning in 2013, if unused. Our NOLs, including any future NOLs that may arise, are subject to limitations
on use under the IRS rules, including Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as revised. Section 382 limits the ability of a company to utilize NOLs in the event of an ownership change. We would undergo an ownership change if, among other things, the stockholders, or group of stockholders, who own or have owned, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of the value of our stock or are otherwise treated as 5% stockholders under Section 382 and the regulations promulgated thereunder increase their aggregate percentage ownership of our stock by more than 50 percentage points over the lowest percentage of our stock owned by these stockholders at any time during the testing period, which is generally the three-year period preceding the potential ownership change.
In the event of an ownership change, Section 382 imposes an annual
limitation on the amount of post-ownership change taxable income a corporation
may offset with pre-ownership change NOLs and certain recognized built-in
losses. The limitation imposed by Section 382 for any post-change year would be
determined by multiplying the value of our stock immediately before the
ownership change (subject to certain adjustments) by the applicable long-term
tax-exempt rate in effect at the time of the ownership change. Any unused annual
limitation may be carried over to later years, and the limitation may under
certain circumstances be increased by built-in gains that may be present in
assets held by us at the time of the ownership change that are recognized in the
five-year period after the ownership change. It is expected that any
loss of our NOLs would cause our effective tax rate to go up significantly when
we return to profitability, excluding impacts of valuation allowance.
On May 28, 2010 a change of ownership did occur resulting from the issuance of 11,750,000 shares of common stock, which invoked a limitation on the utilization of pre-ownership change NOLs under Section 382. Pre-ownership change NOLs are $177 million. Management has estimated the annual NOL limitations under IRC Section 382 through 2014 are $70 million for 2011; $42 million for 2012; $40 million for 2013; and, $25 million for 2014. To the extent the limitation in any year is not reached, any remaining limitation can be carried forward indefinitely to future years. Post-ownership change NOLs at December 31, 2010 are $3 million, which is currently not subject to utilization
limits.
In 2009, we undertook a study to ensure that the change in ownership related to the issuance of the Warrant (see “Liquidity and Capital Resources”) in August 2009 did not result in a Section 382 limitation and believe that such a limitation was not triggered. However, there can be no assurance that such a change was not triggered at that time, due to the lack of authoritative guidance.
ITEM 1B—UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2—PROPERTIES
Manufacturing Facilities
We own or lease, and operate trailer manufacturing facilities in Lafayette, Indiana and Cadiz, Kentucky, as well as a trailer floor manufacturing facility in Harrison, Arkansas. During 2010 we consolidated our Anna, Illinois, steel flatbed operation into our Cadiz facility to further our lean manufacturing efforts and subsequently sold the Anna facility. In addition, we sold our Mt. Sterling, Kentucky facility that was idled in 2007. Our main Lafayette facility is a 1.2 million square foot facility that houses truck trailer and composite material production, tool and die operations, research laboratories and offices. The second Lafayette facility is 0.6 million square
feet, primarily used for the production of refrigerated trailers. In total, our facilities have the capacity to produce approximately 80,000 trailers annually on a three shift, five-day workweek schedule, dependent on mix of product.
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Retail and Distribution Facilities
Retail and distribution facilities include 11 full service branches and three used trailer centers. Each sales and service branch consists of an office, parts warehouse and service space, and ranges in size from 20,000 to 50,000 square feet per facility. The 14 facilities are located in 10 states with three of the facilities being leased.
Properties owned by Wabash are subject to security interests held by our lenders.
ITEM 3—LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Various lawsuits, claims and proceedings have been or may be instituted or asserted against the Company arising in the ordinary course of business, including those pertaining to product liability, labor and health related matters, successor liability, environmental matters and possible tax assessments. While the amounts claimed could be substantial, the ultimate liability cannot now be determined because of the considerable uncertainties that exist. Therefore, it is possible that results of operations or liquidity in a particular period could be materially affected by certain contingencies. However, based on facts currently available, management believes that the disposition of
matters that are currently pending or asserted other than the matters below, which are addressed individually, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position, liquidity or results of operations. Costs associated with the litigation and settlements of legal matters are reported within General and Administrative Expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Brazil Joint Venture
In March 2001, Bernard Krone Indústria e Comércio de Máquinas Agrícolas Ltda. ("BK") filed suit against the Company in the Fourth Civil Court of Curitiba in the State of Paraná, Brazil. Because of the bankruptcy of BK, this proceeding is now pending before the Second Civil Court of Bankruptcies and Creditors Reorganization of Curitiba, State of Paraná (No. 232/99).
The case grows out of a joint venture agreement between BK and the Company related to marketing of RoadRailer trailers in Brazil and other areas of South America. When BK was placed into the Brazilian equivalent of bankruptcy late in 2000, the joint venture was dissolved. BK subsequently filed its lawsuit against the Company alleging that it was forced to terminate business with other companies because of the exclusivity and non-compete clauses purportedly found in the joint venture agreement. BK asserts damages of approximately R$20.8 million (Brazilian Reais) which is approximately $12.5 million U.S. dollars using current exchange rates. The amount of damages asserted
in local currency has not changed since 2001.
We answered the complaint in May 2001, denying any wrongdoing. We believe that the claims asserted by BK are without merit and intend to vigorously defend our position. A bench (non-jury) trial was held on March 30, 2010 in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. A ruling on the evidence presented at the trial is not expected for several months. We believe that the resolution of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity or future results of operations; however, at this stage of the proceeding no assurances can be given as to the ultimate outcome of the case.
Intellectual Property
In October 2006, the Company filed a patent infringement suit against Vanguard National Corporation (“Vanguard”) regarding Wabash National’s U.S. Patent Nos. 6,986,546 and 6,220,651 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Indiana (Civil Action No. 4:06-cv-135). The Company amended the Complaint in April 2007. In May 2007, Vanguard filed its Answer to the Amended Complaint, along with Counterclaims seeking findings of non-infringement, invalidity, and unenforceability of the subject patents. The Company filed a reply to Vanguard’s counterclaims in May 2007, denying any wrongdoing or merit to the allegations as set forth in the
counterclaims. The case has currently been stayed by agreement of the parties while the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“Patent Office”) undertakes a reexamination of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,986,546. The Patent Office recently notified the Company that the reexamination is complete and the Patent Office has reissued U.S. Patent No. 6,986,546 without cancelling any claims of the patent. The parties plan to petition the Court to lift the stay; however, it is unknown at this time when the petition to lift the stay may be granted.
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The Company believes that its claims against Vanguard have merit, that the claims asserted by Vanguard are without merit, and intends to vigorously defend its position and intellectual property. The Company believes that the resolution of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, liquidity or future results of operations; however, at this stage of the proceeding, no assurance can be given as to the ultimate outcome of the case.
Environmental Disputes
In September 2003, we were noticed as a potentially responsible party (PRP) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) pertaining to the Motorola 52nd Street, Phoenix, Arizona Superfund Site (the “Superfund Site”) pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”). PRPs include current and former owners and operators of facilities at which hazardous substances were allegedly disposed. The EPA’s allegation that we were a PRP arises out of our acquisition of a former branch facility located approximately five miles from the original Superfund Site. We acquired this facility in 1997,
operated the facility until 2000, and sold the facility to a third party in 2002. In June 2010, we were contacted by the Roosevelt Irrigation District (“RID”) informing it that the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (“ADEQ”) had approved a remediation plan in excess of $100 million for the RID portion of the Superfund Site, and demanded that we contribute to the cost of the plan or be named as a defendant in a CERCLA action to be filed in July 2010. We initiated settlement discussions with the RID and the ADEQ in July 2010 to provide a full release from the RID, and a covenant not-to-sue and contribution protection regarding the former branch property from the ADEQ, in exchange for payment from us. If the settlement is approved by all parties, it will prevent any third party from successfully bringing claims against us
for environmental contamination relating to this former branch property. We are awaiting approval from the ADEQ for the settlement we proposed in July 2010; we do not expect to receive a response from the ADEQ for several more months. Based upon our limited period of ownership of the former branch property, and the fact that we no longer own the former branch property, we do not anticipate that the ADEQ will reject the proposed settlement, but no assurance can be given at this time as to the ADEQ’s response to the settlement proposal. The proposed settlement terms have been accrued and did not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations, and we believe that any ongoing proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
In January 2006, the Company received a letter from the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources indicating that a site that the Company formerly owned near Charlotte, North Carolina has been included on the state's October 2005 Inactive Hazardous Waste Sites Priority List. The letter states that the Company was being notified in fulfillment of the state's “statutory duty” to notify those who own and those who at present are known to be responsible for each Site on the Priority List. No action is being requested from the Company at this time. The Company does not expect that this designation will have a material adverse effect on its financial
condition or results of operations.
ITEM 4—[REMOVED AND RESERVED]
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PART II
ITEM 5—MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON STOCK, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Information Regarding our Common Stock
Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (ticker symbol: WNC). The number of record holders of our common stock at February 21, 2011 was 878.
We declared quarterly dividends of $0.045 per share on our common stock from the first quarter of 2005 through the third quarter of 2008. In December 2008, we suspended the payment of our quarterly dividend due to the continued weak economic environment and the uncertainty as to the timing of a recovery as well as our effort to enhance liquidity. No dividends on our common stock were declared or paid in 2010. In accordance with our Third Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, effective August 3, 2009 and as amended on May 28, 2010, we are restricted from the payment of cash dividends to holders of our common stock for a
period of two years. At any time after our second anniversary of our credit facility, or August 3, 2011, we are limited to the amount of cash dividends of $20 million per year unless otherwise approved by a majority of our lenders, so long as no default or event of default is continuing or would be caused by the distribution and only if our available borrowing capacity is in excess of $40 million after distribution of dividend. The reinstatement of quarterly cash dividends on our common stock will depend on our future earnings, capital availability, financial condition and the discretion of our Board of Directors.
On May 13, 2010, our stockholders approved an amendment to our Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, from 75 million shares to 200 million shares and correspondingly, to increase the total number of authorized shares of all classes of capital stock from 100 million shares to 225 million shares, which includes 25 million shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.
High and low stock prices as reported on the New York Stock Exchange for the last two years were:
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Performance Graph
The following graph shows a comparison of cumulative total returns for an investment in our common stock, the S&P 500 Composite Index and the Dow Jones Transportation Index. It covers the period commencing December 31, 2005 and ending December 31, 2010. The graph assumes that the value for the investment in our common stock and in each index was $100 on December 31, 2005 and that all dividends were reinvested.
Comparative of Cumulative Total Return
December 31, 2005 through December 31, 2010
among Wabash National Corporation, the S&P 500 Index
and the Dow Jones Transportation Index
![]() Purchases of Our Equity Securities
For the quarter ending December 31, 2010, we repurchased a total of 5,445 shares to cover minimum employee tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of restricted stock awards. During this period, there were no repurchases made pursuant to any repurchase programs
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ITEM 6—SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected consolidated financial data with respect to Wabash for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2010, have been derived from our consolidated financial statements. The following information should be read in conjunction with Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
ITEM 7—MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) describes the matters that we consider to be important to understanding the results of our operations for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, and our capital resources and liquidity as of December 31, 2010. Our discussion begins with our assessment of the condition of the North American trailer industry along with a summary of the actions we have taken to strengthen the Company. We then analyze the results of our operations for the last three years, including the trends in the overall business and our operations
segments, followed by a discussion of our cash flows and liquidity, capital markets events and transactions, our credit facility and contractual commitments. We also provide a review of the critical accounting judgments and estimates that we have made that we believe are most important to an understanding of our MD&A and our consolidated financial statements. These are the critical accounting policies that affect the recognition and measurement of our transactions and the balances in our consolidated financial statements. We conclude our MD&A with information on recent accounting pronouncements that we adopted during the year, as well as those not yet adopted that are expected to have an impact on our financial accounting practices.
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We have two reportable segments: manufacturing and retail and distribution. The manufacturing segment produces trailers that are sold to customers who purchase trailers directly or through independent dealers and to the retail and distribution segment. The retail and distribution segment includes the sale of new and used trailers, as well as the sale of aftermarket parts and service through our retail branch network.
Executive Summary
The year ending December 31, 2009 was extremely challenging for the trailer industry as the factors negatively impacting demand for new trailers became more intense and pervasive across the United States. According to the A.C.T. Research Company, LLC (“ACT”) estimates, total trailer industry shipments in 2009 were approximately 79,000, or a decline of 45% from the 143,000 trailers shipped in 2008 and more than 62% lower than the 213,000 trailers shipped for the year ended December 31, 2007. Total demand for trailers in 2009 dropped to levels the industry has not seen since 1975 with dry van demand at its lowest levels since 1963. This reflected the
weakness of truck freight, which trended down since the latter part of 2006 as a result of general economic conditions and, more particularly, declines in new home construction and the automotive industry. As a result of these significant declines within the trailer industry, the Company’s revenues, gross profits, financial position and liquidity for 2009 were all negatively impacted. In light of these economic conditions and the decline in the our operating results and financial condition, in July 2009, we issued $35 million of preferred stock and warrants to Trailer Investments, LLC (“Trailer Investments”) and amended our revolving credit facility (as discussed in further details under the Liquidity and Capital Resources section below).
While the Company has experienced historically low demand for trailers in
2010, the overall trailer market has significantly improved from 2009,
reflecting the beginning of a recovery within the trailer
industry. As the year progressed, several of the economic indicators
within the broader manufacturing environment and, more specifically, the trailer
and freight industry showed signs of improvement. According to the
most recent ACT estimates, total trailer industry shipments for 2010 were up 52%
from 2009 to approximately 120,000 trailers in 2010. By product line,
ACT estimates that the demand for dry vans, the largest segment within the
trailer industry, doubled from 2009 to approximately 60,000 trailers in
2010. Furthermore, our backlog of orders at December 31, 2010 was
$480 million, up 250% from our backlog at December 31, 2009. These
positive trends, coupled with our previously enacted cost actions and
operational enhancement initiatives, yielded significant improvements to both
revenue and gross profit as compared to the previous years. Gross
profit levels showed continuous improvements throughout 2010 due primarily to
increases in new trailer volumes and lower overhead costs per unit as compared
to the previous year.
As the outlook within the trailer industry continued to show signs of a recovery, in May 2010 we were able to successfully close on a public offering of our common stock consisting of 11,750,000 shares sold by us and 16,137,500 shares sold by Trailer Investments. Net proceeds from this offering were used to redeem all of the preferred stock and to repay a portion of our outstanding indebtedness under our revolving credit facility. Furthermore, in September 2010 Trailer Investments exercised in full the remaining 9,349,032 warrants in an underwritten public offering. As a result of these successful offerings, an improved trailer market and the various cash management actions implemented
during the economic downturn, we were able to make significant improvements to our liquidity position, defined as cash on hand and available borrowing capacity. As of December 31, 2011, our liquidity position totaled $60.4 million, an increase of over $39.4 million from the previous year.
We expect continued improvements in the overall trailer market for 2011 as
compared to 2010. In fact, recent estimates from industry
forecasters, ACT and FTR Associates (FTR), indicate shipment levels to increase
in each of the next three years and exceeding 220,000 trailers for each of the
years 2012 through 2015. Furthermore, ACT is currently estimating
2011 levels to be approximately 195,000 trailers, or an increase of 63% while
FTR anticipates a 33% increase in new trailers for 2011 as compared to
2010. This healthier demand environment reinforces our belief that
the recovery of the industry is well under way and we believe we are well
positioned to capitalize on the expected improvement in overall
demand. In addition, while 2011 will remain a very price competitive
environment, we do anticipate seeing pricing power improve as trailer order
demand and confidence increases throughout the year and into 2012. We
are also not relying solely on volume recovery within the trailer industry to
improve operations and profitability. We intend to continue focus on
the diversification of the product offering through our DuraPlate®
Product Group and leveraging our intellectual and physical assets for
opportunities of organic growth. We will also continue to try to
optimize our cost structure to improve results, including the consolidation of
our flatbed manufacturing facilities completed in 2010.
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Operating Performance
We measure our operating performance in four key areas – Safety/Environmental, Quality, Productivity and Continuous Improvement. Our objective of being better today than yesterday and better tomorrow than we are today is simple, straightforward and easily understood by all our associates.
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Industry Trends
Truck transportation in the U.S., according to the ATA, was estimated to be a $660 billion industry in 2008. ATA estimates that approximately 69% of all freight tonnage is carried by trucks at some point during its shipment. Trailer demand is a direct function of the amount of freight to be transported. To monitor the state of the industry, we evaluate a number of indicators related to trailer manufacturing and the transportation industry. Recent trends we have observed include the following:
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain operating data as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated:
2010 Compared to 2009
Net Sales
Net sales in 2010 were $640.4 million, an increase of $302.6 million, or 89.6%, compared to 2009. By business segment, net external sales and related trailers sold were as follows (dollars in millions):
Manufacturing segment sales were $542.0 million for 2010, up $276.5 million, or 104.1%, compared to 2009. The increase in sales is due primarily to a 95.0% increase in new trailer shipments with approximately 23,400 trailers shipped in 2010 compared to 12,000 trailers shipped in the prior year as a result of the overall strengthening in market demand. This increase in unit volume is coupled with a 5.0% increase in average selling prices as compared to the previous year due to customer and product mix and higher prices necessary to cover commodity cost increases. Non-trailer related net sales increased $16.5 million as compared to the
prior year due to increased demand for our DuraPlate® composite products.
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Retail and distribution segment sales were $98.4 million in 2010, up $26.1 million, or 36.1%, compared to the prior year. New trailer sales increased $17.8 million, or 86.5%, due to an 87.5% increase in shipments. Used trailer sales were up $3.5 million, or 18.4%, as increases in the average selling price per unit resulting from higher priced late model trailers more than offset the 500 unit decline in used trailer shipments. Parts and service sales were up $4.7 million, or 14.5%, due to increased market demand.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales for 2010 was $612.3 million, an increase of $251.5 million, or 69.7%, compared to 2009. As a percentage of net sales, cost of sales was 95.6% for 2010 compared to 106.8% for 2009.
Manufacturing segment cost of sales, as detailed in the following table, was $521.9 million for 2010, an increase of $233.6 million, or 81.0%, compared to 2009. As a percentage of net sales, cost of sales was 96.3% for 2010 compared to 108.6% in 2009.
Cost of sales is composed of material costs, a variable expense, and other
manufacturing costs, comprised of both fixed and variable expenses, including
direct and indirect labor, outbound freight and overhead
expenses. Material costs were 75.0% of net sales in 2010 compared to
76.3% in 2009. The 1.3% decrease was the result of utilization
of unfavorable fixed price aluminum contracts that we were obligated to fulfill
in the prior year, favorable customer and product mix as well as increased
production volume, which resulted in favorable quantity
discounts. These decreases were offset by increases in commodity
costs during 2010. In addition, other manufacturing costs decreased
from 32.3% of net sales in 2009 to 21.3% in 2010. The 11.0% decrease
is primarily the result of an 11,400 unit increase in new trailer sales as
compared to the prior year, which resulted in allocating our fixed overhead
costs over more trailers, and the benefit of favorable experience on trailer warranties which expired of $3.2 million.
Retail and distribution segment cost of sales was $90.2 million in 2010, an increase of $17.5 million, or 24.1%, compared to 2009. As a percentage of net sales, cost of sales was 91.7% in 2010 compared to 100.6% in 2009. The 8.9% improvement as a percentage of sales was primarily the result of increased new trailer and parts and service volumes coupled with inventory valuation reserves on both new and used trailers recognized in the prior year not repeated in the current year.
Gross Profit
Gross profit for 2010 was $28.1 million, an increase of $51.0 million compared to 2009. Gross profit as a percent of sales was 4.4% compared to negative 6.8% for 2009. Gross profit by segment was as follows (in millions):
Manufacturing segment gross profit was $20.1 million for 2010 compared to negative $22.7 million in 2009. Gross profit as a percentage of sales was 3.7% in 2010 as compared to a negative 8.5% in 2009. The increase in gross profit and gross profit margin was driven by a 95.0% increase in new trailer volumes and favorable customer and product mix.
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Retail and distribution segment gross profit was $8.2 million for 2010, an increase of $8.6 million compared to 2009. Gross profit as a percentage of sales was 8.3% compared to negative 0.6% for the prior year. This increase is primarily due to increased new trailer and parts and service volumes coupled with inventory valuation reserves on both new and used trailers recognized in the prior year not repeated in the current year.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased $0.8 million, or 2.6%, to $32.8 million in 2010 compared to 2009 as a $1.9 million reduction in salaries and other employee related costs achieved through the implementation of various cost cutting initiatives made during 2009 to adjust our cost structure to match market demand were fully realized during the current year. This decrease was more than offset by expenses related to annual employee incentive plans not incurred in the previous year period and higher professional services primarily related to legal defense costs.
Selling Expenses
Selling expenses decreased $0.5 million, or 4.5%, to $10.7 million in 2010 compared to 2009. This decrease, the result of our cost cutting initiatives to adjust our cost structure to match market demand, provided a $0.8 million reduction in salaries and other employee related costs in the current year and was offset by increases in expenses related to annual employee incentive plans not incurred in the previous year period.
Other Income (Expense)
Increase in fair value of warrant of $121.6 million represents the expense recognized as a result of the fair value adjustment for the warrant issued to Trailer Investments as a part of the Securities Purchase Agreement entered into in July 2009. The increase results from the $74.6 million and $47.0 million increases, respectively, in fair value of the warrant recorded prior to the exercise of 16,137,500 warrant shares on May 28, 2010 and 9,349,032 warrant shares on September 17, 2010. As a result, the warrant shares were fully exercised and were no longer outstanding as of December 31, 2010.
Income Taxes
In 2010, we recognized an income tax benefit of less than $0.1 million compared to a benefit of $3.0 million in 2009. The effective rate for 2010 was less than 0.1%. This rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to the recognition of a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax asset and the effect of a non-deductible adjustment to the fair market value of the warrant we issued in 2009. As of December 31, 2010, we had $180 million of remaining U.S. federal income tax net operating loss carryforwards, which will begin to expire in 2022 if unused, and which may be subject to other limitations
under IRS rules. We have various multi-state income tax net operating loss carryforwards, which have been recorded as a deferred income tax asset, of approximately $18 million, before valuation allowances. We also have various U.S. federal income tax credit carryforwards of approximately $1 million, which will expire beginning in 2013, if unused.
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2009 Compared to 2008
Net Sales
Net sales in 2009 were $337.8 million, a decrease of $498.4 million, or 59.6%, compared to 2008. By business segment, net external sales and related trailers sold were as follows (dollars in millions):
Manufacturing segment sales for 2009 were $265.5 million, a decrease of $428.7 million, or 61.8%, compared to 2008. The reduction in sales is primarily due to the continued weak market demand as new trailer sales volumes decreased approximately 18,800 trailers, or 61.0%. Average selling prices declined slightly in 2009 as compared to the prior year due to customer demand and product mix.
Retail and distribution segment sales were $72.3 million in 2009, a decrease of $69.7 million, or 49.1%, compared to 2008. Weak market demand across all product lines yielded reduced volumes as compared to 2008. New trailer sales decreased $47.6 million, or 69.7%, due to a 68.0% reduction in volumes. Used trailer sales were down $17.4 million, or 47.7%, primarily due to a 51.5% reduction in volumes. Parts and service sales were down $4.6 million, or 12.5%.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales for 2009 was $360.8 million, a decrease of $454.5 million, or 55.8% compared to 2008. As a percentage of net sales, cost of sales was 106.8% in 2009 compared to 97.5% in 2008.
Manufacturing segment cost of sales, as detailed in the following table, was $288.3 million for 2009, a decrease of $392.1 million, or 57.6%, compared to 2008. As a percentage of net sales, cost of sales was 108.6% in 2009 compared to 98.0% in 2008.
As shown in the table above, cost of sales is composed of material costs, a variable expense, and other manufacturing costs, comprised of both fixed and variable expenses, including direct and indirect labor, outbound freight, and overhead expenses. Material costs were 76.3% of net sales in 2009 compared to 74.6% in 2008. The 1.7% increase is primarily the result of increased raw material commodity and component costs driven by unfavorable fixed price aluminum contracts as compared to market pricing which could not be offset by increases in selling prices. In addition, our other manufacturing costs increased from 23.4% of net sales to 32.3% in 2009. The 8.9% increase is
primarily the result of the inability to reduce fixed costs in proportion to the 61.0% decrease in new trailer volumes.
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Retail and distribution segment cost of sales was $72.7 million in 2009, a decrease of $63.2 million, or 46.5%, compared to the 2008 period. As a percentage of net sales, cost of sales was 100.6% in 2009 compared to 95.7% in 2008. The 4.9% increase was primarily the result of a 9.9% increase as a percent of net sales in direct and indirect labor and overhead expenses due to the inability to reduce these costs in proportion to the 68.0% and 51.5% reductions in new and used trailer volumes, respectively. This increase in cost of sales as a percentage of net sales compared to the prior year was further magnified by valuation reserves required due to the depressed market conditions
for both new and used trailers.
Gross Profit
Gross profit in 2009 was negative $22.9 million, down $43.8 million compared to 2008. Gross profit as a percent of sales was negative 6.8% in 2009 compared to 2.5% in 2008. Gross profit by segment was as follows (in millions):
Manufacturing segment gross profit was negative $22.7 million in 2009, a decrease of $36.5 million compared to 2008. Gross profit as a percentage of sales was negative 8.5% in 2009 compared to 2.0% in 2008. The decrease in gross profit and gross profit margin percentage was primarily driven by the 61.0% decline in new trailer volumes coupled with higher raw material and component part costs that outpaced increases in selling prices.
Retail and distribution segment gross profit was negative $0.4 million in 2009, a decrease of $6.5 million compared to 2008. Gross profit as a percentage of sales was negative 0.6% compared to 4.3% in 2008 due to reduced trailer and parts and service volumes as well as continued pricing pressures on new and used trailers.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses were $32.0 million in 2009, a decrease of $12.1 million, or 27.5%, compared to the prior year. The decrease was the result of our cost cutting initiatives to adjust our cost structure to match the current market demand. These initiatives resulted in an $8.2 million reduction in salaries and employee related costs, net of severances, due to headcount and base pay reductions made in the current year as well as a reduction of approximately $3.9 million in other various discretionary costs.
Selling Expenses
Selling expenses were $11.2 million in 2009, a decrease of $3.1 million, or 21.8%, compared to the prior year. The decrease was the result of our cost cutting initiatives and efforts to adjust our cost structure to match the current market demand. These initiatives resulted in a $2.3 million reduction in salaries and other employee related costs, net of severances, due to headcount and base pay reductions as well as reductions in advertising and promotional activities of $0.6 million.
Other Income (Expense)
Increase in fair value of warrant of $33.4 million represents the expense recognized as a result of the fair value adjustment for the warrant issued to Trailer Investments as a part of the Securities Purchase Agreement entered into on July 17, 2009.
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Other, net includes an expense of $0.9 million relating to the termination of our interest rate swaps previously designated as cash flow hedges. The current period ending December 31, 2009 includes the acceleration of amounts previously reported through Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) as the designated hedged transaction was considered no longer probable. The 2009 period also includes an expense of $0.3 million for the proportionate write-off of deferred debt issuance costs recognized on the amendment and reduction in capacity of our Revolving Credit Facility, which was effective on August 3, 2009.
Income Taxes
In 2009, we recognized income tax benefit of $3.0 million compared to income tax expense of $17.1 million in 2008. The effective rate for 2009 was (2.9%). This rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to the recognition of a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax asset, the effect of a non-deductible adjustment to the fair market value of our warrant and the reduction in valuation allowance of $2.9 million whereby, in January 2010, we filed a claim with the IRS for a refund of $2.9 million for U.S. federal alternative minimum taxes previously paid during the years 2004 through 2006 as provided under
the provisions of the Worker, Homeownership, and Business Assistance Act of 2009, which was signed into law in November 2009.
As of December 31, 2009, we had a U.S. federal tax net operating loss carryforward of approximately $167 million, which will expire beginning in 2022, if unused, and which may be subject to other limitations under IRS rules. We have various multi-state income tax net operating loss carryforwards, which have been recorded as a deferred income tax asset, of approximately $17 million, before valuation allowances. We also have various U.S. federal income tax credit carryforwards, which will expire beginning in 2013, if unused.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Capital Structure
In July 2009, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) with Trailer Investments pursuant to which Trailer Investments purchased 20,000 shares of Series E redeemable preferred stock (“Series E Preferred”), 5,000 shares of Series F redeemable preferred stock (“Series F Preferred”), and 10,000 shares of Series G redeemable preferred stock (“Series G Preferred”, and together with the Series E Preferred and the Series F Preferred, the “Series E-G Preferred Stock”) for an aggregate purchase price of $35.0 million. Trailer Investments also received a warrant
that was exercisable at $0.01 per share for 24,762,636 newly issued shares of our common stock (the “Warrant”) representing, on August 3, 2009, the date the Warrant was delivered, 44.21% of our issued and outstanding common stock after giving effect to the issuance of the shares underlying the Warrant, subject to upward adjustment to maintain that percentage if currently outstanding options were exercised.
On May 28, 2010, we closed on a public offering of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Initial Offering”), which consisted of 11,750,000 shares of common stock sold by us and 16,137,500 shares of common stock sold by Trailer Investments as a selling stockholder, each at a purchase price of $6.50 per share. The shares of common stock sold in the Initial Offering by Trailer Investments included 3,637,500 shares sold pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise in full of their option to purchase additional shares to cover over-allotments. All shares sold by Trailer Investments were issued upon the partial exercise of the Warrant it held and the Replacement Warrant, as
defined below, was issued to Trailer Investments on May 28, 2010. We did not receive any proceeds from the sale of the shares by Trailer Investments. We generated proceeds from the Initial Offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions, of $71.9 million and used the net proceeds to redeem all of our outstanding preferred stock and to repay a portion of our outstanding indebtedness under our revolving credit facility.
From the net proceeds of the Initial Offering, we redeemed (the “Redemption”) all outstanding shares of our Series E-G Preferred Stock at a liquidation value of $1,000 per share, or $35.0 million, plus accrued and unpaid dividends and a premium adjustment of 20% as required under the Securities Purchase Agreement for any redemption made prior to August 2014. The Series E Preferred, Series F Preferred and Series G Preferred paid an annual dividend rate of 15%, 16% and 18%, respectively, based on liquidation value. Through the date of the Redemption, accrued and unpaid dividends totaled approximately $4.8 million. The
premium adjustment for early redemption of $8.0 million was applied to the sum of the liquidation value and accrued and unpaid dividends. The total redemption price of the Series E-G Preferred Stock including all accrued and unpaid dividends was approximately $47.8 million. Certificates of elimination were filed on September 21, 2010 with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware to eliminate from the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation all provisions that were set forth in the certificates of designation for the Series E-G Preferred Stock.
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If a change of control, meaning if more than 50% of the voting power is transferred or acquired by any person other than Trailer Investments and its affiliates, occurs within 12 months of the date of the Redemption (by or before May 28, 2011), Trailer Investments will be entitled to receive an aggregate payment equal to $74.6 million, representing the difference between what it received in the Redemption and what it would have been entitled to receive on the date of the Redemption if a change of control had occurred on that date.
Also in connection with our Initial Offering of common stock, we amended the warrant originally issued to Trailer Investments on August 3, 2009 (the “Warrant,” and, as amended, the “Replacement Warrant”). The Warrant was modified so that (i) the Warrant would no longer adjust or increase based upon any limitation on our ability to fully utilize our net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards and (ii) the Warrant was increased by a fixed number of 750,000 warrant shares in lieu of the market price anti-dilution adjustment that would have otherwise applied as a result of the Initial Offering. The Initial Offering
of common stock included 16,137,500 shares sold by Trailer Investments pursuant to a partial exercise of the Warrant. The partial net exercise of the Warrant was made by Trailer Investments via the forfeiture of 22,812 shares of common stock under the Warrant.
On September 17, 2010, Trailer Investments sold the Replacement Warrant to the several underwriters, who exercised the Replacement Warrant in full and sold the 9,349,032 shares underlying the Replacement Warrant in an underwritten public offering at a price per share of $6.75 (the “Second Offering”). We did not offer or sell any shares in the Second Offering nor did we receive any proceeds from the Second Offering. The exercise of the Replacement Warrant was made via the forfeiture of 13,549 shares of common stock. As a result of this offering and the related cashless exercise, the Replacement Warrant was fully exercised
and is no longer outstanding. Pursuant to the terms of the Investors Rights Agreement, Trailer Investments had significant rights that no longer exist as a result of the consummation of the offering effective September 17, 2010. These rights included the ability to designate five persons for election to the board of directors for so long as Trailer Investments and its affiliates beneficially owned at least 10% of our outstanding common stock. On September 21, 2010, we received resignation letters from each of the four board members designated by Trailer Investments.
As a result of the Initial Offering and our ability to use the net proceeds to redeem all of our outstanding preferred stock and repay a portion of our outstanding indebtedness under the revolving credit facility, we have been able to reduce our total debt and significantly improve our overall capital structure providing us the additional liquidity necessary to meet working capital requirements as the overall demand in our industry grows.
As of December 31, 2010, our debt to equity ratio was approximately
0.5:1.0. Our long-term objective is to generate operating cash flows
sufficient to fund normal working capital requirements, to fund capital
expenditures and to be positioned to take advantage of market
opportunities. For 2011 we expect to fund operating results, working
capital requirements and capital expenditures through cash flows from operations
as well as available borrowings.
Debt Agreements and Related Amendments
Concurrent with entering into the Securities Purchase Agreement, in July 2009, we entered into a Third Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement (the “Facility”) with our lenders, effective August 3, 2009, with a maturity date of August 3, 2012. The Facility is guaranteed by certain subsidiaries of ours and secured by substantially all of our assets. The Facility has a capacity of $100 million, subject to a borrowing base and other discretionary reserves. The Facility amends and restates our previous revolving credit facility, and our lenders waived certain events of default that had occurred under the previous
revolving credit facility and waived the right to receive default interest during the time the events of default had continued.
In May 2010, we entered into the Consent and Amendment No. 1 to the Third Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement (the “Amended Facility”) with our lenders. The Amended Facility amends and restates the Facility. The Amended Facility was entered into to permit the early redemption of our Series E-G Preferred Stock and required us to pay down our revolving credit facility by at least $23.0 million. The repayment did not reduce our revolving loan commitments. Pursuant to the Amended Facility, if the availability under our revolving credit facility is less than $15.0 million at any time before the earlier
of August 14, 2011 or the date that monthly financial statements are delivered for the month ending June 30, 2011, we would be required to maintain a varying minimum EBITDA and would be restricted in the amount of capital expenditures we could make during such period. If our availability is less than $20.0 million thereafter, we would be required to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio for the 12 month period ending on the last day of the calendar month that ended most recently prior to such time of not less than 1.1 to 1.0. In addition, the Amended Facility modifies our borrowing base by eliminating a $12.5 million facility reserve while reducing the fixed assets sub-limit by $12.5 million.
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The interest rate on borrowings under our revolving credit facility from the date of effectiveness through July 31, 2010 was LIBOR plus 4.25% or the prime rate of Bank of America, N.A. (the “Prime Rate”) plus 2.75%. After July 31, 2010, the interest rate is based upon average unused availability and will range between LIBOR plus 3.75% to 4.25% or the Prime Rate plus 2.25% to 2.75%. We are required to pay a monthly unused line fee equal to 0.375% times the average daily unused availability along with other customary fees and expenses of our agent and lenders. All interest and fees are paid monthly.
Our revolving credit facility contains customary representations, warranties, affirmative and negative covenants, including, without limitation, restrictions on mergers, dissolutions, acquisitions, indebtedness, affiliate transactions, the occurrence of liens, payments of subordinated indebtedness, disposition of assets, leases and changes to organizational documents.
Our revolving credit facility contains customary events of default including, without limitation, failure to pay obligations when due under the facility, false and misleading representations, breaches of covenants (subject in some instances to cure and grace periods), defaults on certain other indebtedness, the occurrence of certain uninsured losses, business disruptions for a period of time that materially adversely affects the capacity to continue business on a profitable basis, changes of control and the incurrence of certain judgments that are not stayed, released or discharged within 30 days.
As of December 31, 2010, we were in compliance with all covenants of the Amended Facility.
Cash Flow
Cash used in operating activities amounted to $30.7 million in 2010 compared to $7.0 million in 2009. The use of cash from operating activities for the current year was primarily the result of a $31.3 million increase in our working capital offset slightly by $0.6 million of net income, adjusted for various non-cash activities, including depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation and changes in the fair value of our warrant. Changes in working capital for the current year can be attributed to the increased production levels in comparison to the previous year and the related increases in purchasing activities have resulted in higher working capital requirements. Changes
in key working capital accounts for 2010 compared to the prior year are summarized below (in millions):
Accounts receivable increased by $20.8 million in 2010 as compared to a $20.8 million decrease in 2009. Days sales outstanding, a measure of working capital efficiency that measures the amount of time a receivable is outstanding, improved to approximately 14 days in 2010 compared to 21 days in 2009 due to timing of collections. The increase in accounts receivable for 2010 was primarily the result of the timing of shipments as trailer demands increased throughout the current year resulting in an 89.5% increase in our consolidated net sales as compared to the prior year. Inventory increased $59.1 million during 2010 compared to a decrease of $41.1 million in 2009. The
increase in inventory for 2010 was due to higher new trailer inventories and raw materials resulting from increased order levels for 2010 as compared to 2009. Despite the increased inventory levels, our inventory turns, a commonly used measure of working capital efficiency that measures how quickly inventory turns per year, improved to approximately 7 times in 2010 as compared to 5 times in 2009 due to our ability to manage inventory levels as the overall demand for trailers increased. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities increased $45.3 million in 2010 compared to a decrease of $22.7 million in 2009. The increase in the current year was also due primarily to higher production levels throughout 2010 as compared to the previous year. Days payable outstanding, a measure of working capital efficiency that measures the amount of time a payable
is outstanding, was reduced to 29 days for 2010 compared to 31 days for 2009 due primarily to the timing of shipments relative to our production levels.
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Investing activities provided less than $0.1 million during 2010 compared to $0.7 million used in 2009. The uses of cash from investing activities for both the 2010 and 2009 periods have been limited to capital spending for required replacement projects and other cost reduction initiatives. The current year period uses were offset by the proceeds received from the sale of our Transcraft production facilities located in Anna, Illinois and Mt. Sterling, Kentucky.
Financing activities provided $50.8 million during 2010 primarily as a result of closing the Initial Offering of our common stock on May 28, 2010 as well as an increase in our borrowings against our revolving credit facility due to higher working capital requirements necessary to fund operational activities. We generated proceeds, net of underwriting discounts and commissions, of $71.9 million from the Initial Offering and used it to redeem all of our outstanding preferred stock and repay a portion of our outstanding indebtedness on our revolving credit facility.
As of December 31, 2010, our liquidity position, defined as cash on hand and available borrowing capacity, amounted to $60.4 million, an improvement of $39.4 million from December 31, 2009. Total debt and capital lease obligations amounted to approximately $59.6 million as of December 31, 2010. As a result of closing on the Initial Offering of our common stock on May 28, 2010 and concurrent with our redemption of all outstanding Series E-G Preferred Stock, as described in the Capital Structure section above, we believe our liquidity is adequate to meet our expected operating results, working capital needs and capital expenditures for 2011.
In light of the uncertain market and economic conditions, we aggressively managed our cost structure, capital expenditures and cash position throughout the past several years. During 2008 and 2009, we implemented various cost reduction actions resulting in decreases of overhead and operating costs, including: reductions in hourly and salary headcount and temporary reductions in compensation and benefits. In addition, we have optimized our operations through plant, assembly line and warehouse consolidation projects. As we continue to see improvements to both the overall the trailer industry as well as our operating performance metrics during 2011, management expects to begin to
reinstate some of the temporary cost reduction initiatives previously implemented.
Capital Expenditures
Capital spending for 2010 amounted to approximately $1.8 million as our efforts to manage cash flows and enhance liquidity limited our capital expenditures to required replacement projects and cost reduction initiatives. We anticipate increasing our capital expenditures to approximately $5 million in 2011in order to support growth and improvement initiatives within our facilities.
Off-Balance Sheet Transactions
As of December 31, 2010, we had approximately $1.6 million in operating lease commitments. We did not enter into any material off-balance sheet debt or operating lease transactions during the year.
Outlook
The demand environment for trailers is improving, as evidenced by the
increases in our new trailer shipments and backlog as well as trailer industry
forecasts for the upcoming years. According to the most recent ACT
estimates, total trailer industry shipments for 2011 are expected to be up 63%
from 2010 to approximately 195,000 trailers. By product type, ACT is
expecting the dry van market to lead the industry with increases of
approximately 87% in 2011 compared to 2010 and total van trailer shipments will
be up approximately 71% in 2011 compared to 2010. ACT is forecasting
that platform trailer shipments will increase approximately 60% and dump trailer
shipments will increase approximately 57% in 2011. For 2012, ACT
estimates that shipments will grow approximately 21% to a total of 236,000
trailers with the dry van segment leading the industry with shipments increasing
approximately 21% to a total of 135,000 dry van trailers. Downside
concerns for 2011 relate to continued issues with the global economy,
unemployment, tight credit markets, as well as depressed housing and
construction-related markets in the U.S. Taking into consideration
recent economic and industry forecasts, as well as discussions with customers
and suppliers, management expects demand for new trailers to improve as we move
through 2011 and the economy continues to improve.
We believe we are well-positioned for long-term growth in the industry because: (1) our core customers are among the dominant participants in the trucking industry; (2) our DuraPlate® trailer continues to have increased market acceptance; (3) our focus is on developing solutions that reduce our customers’ trailer maintenance costs; and (4) we expect some expansion of our presence into the mid-market carriers.
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While our expectations for industry volumes are generally in line with those of ACT, our challenges as we proceed into 2011, a period of higher demand, will primarily relate to pricing of new trailers and rising commodity costs. Raw material and component costs have risen and remain volatile as overall demand will drive an increase in prices as the economy improves. As has been our policy, we will endeavor to pass along raw material and component price increases to our customers. We have a focus on continuing to develop innovative new products that both add value to our customers’ operations and allow us to continue to differentiate our products from the competition in order
to return to profitability.
Based on industry forecasts, conversations with our customers regarding their current requirements and our existing backlog of orders, we estimate that for the full year 2011 our total new trailers sold will be between 38,000 and 42,000, an increase from 2010 of approximately 53% to 69%.
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
A summary of payments of our contractual obligations and commercial commitments, both on and off balance sheet, as of December 31, 2010 are as follows (in millions):
Scheduled payments for our Amended Facility exclude interest payments as rates are variable. Borrowings under the Amended Facility bear interest at a variable rate based on the London Interbank Offer Rate (LIBOR) or a base rate determined by the lender’s prime rate plus an applicable margin, as defined in the agreement. The interest rate on borrowings under our revolving credit facility from the date of effectiveness through July 31, 2010 was LIBOR plus 4.25% or the prime rate of Bank of America, N.A. (the “Prime Rate”) plus 2.75%. After July 31, 2010, the interest rate is based upon average unused availability and will range between LIBOR plus 3.75% to 4.25% or
the Prime Rate plus 2.25% to 2.75%. We are required to pay a monthly unused line fee equal to 0.375% times the average daily unused availability along with other customary fees and expenses of our agent and lenders. All interest and fees are paid monthly.
Capital leases represent the present value of future minimum lease payments. Operating leases represent the total future minimum lease payments.
We have $34.3 million in purchase commitments through December 2010 for aluminum, which is within normal production requirements.
We have standby letters of credit totaling $5.8 million issued in connection with workers compensation claims and surety bonds.
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Significant Accounting Policies and Critical Accounting Estimates
Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements. Certain of our accounting policies require the application of significant judgment by management in selecting the appropriate assumptions for calculating financial estimates. By their nature, these judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. These judgments are based on our historical experience, terms of existing contracts, our evaluation of trends in the industry, information provided by our customers and information available from other outside sources, as appropriate.
We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if it requires us to make assumptions about matters that were uncertain at the time we were making the estimate or changes in the estimate or different estimates that we could have selected would have had a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
The table below presents information about the nature and rationale for our critical accounting estimates:
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In addition, there are other items within our financial statements that require estimation, but are not as critical as those discussed above. Changes in estimates used in these and other items could have a significant effect on our consolidated financial statements. The determination of the fair market value of new and used trailers is subject to variation, particularly in times of rapidly changing market conditions. A 5% change in the valuation of our new and used inventories would be approximately $4 million.
Other
Inflation
We have historically been able to offset the impact of rising costs through productivity improvements as well as selective price increases. As a result, inflation has not had, and is not expected to have, a significant impact on our business.
New Accounting Pronouncements
During 2010, there were no new accounting pronouncements that had or are expected to have a material impact to our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
ITEM 7A—QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
In addition to the risks inherent in our operations, we have exposure to financial and market risk resulting from volatility in commodity prices and interest rates. The following discussion provides additional detail regarding our exposure to these risks.
We are exposed to fluctuation in commodity prices through the purchase of raw materials that are processed from commodities such as aluminum, steel, wood and polyethylene. Given the historical volatility of certain commodity prices, this exposure can significantly impact product costs. Historically, we have managed aluminum price changes by entering into fixed price contracts with our suppliers. As of December 31, 2010, we had $34.3 million in raw material purchase commitments through December 2011 for materials that will be used in the production process. We typically do not set prices for our products more than 45-90 days in advance of our commodity purchases and can,
subject to competitive market conditions, take into account the cost of the commodity in setting our prices for each order. To the extent that we are unable to offset the increased commodity costs in our product prices, our results would be materially and adversely affected.
As of December 31, 2010, we had $55.0 million of floating rate debt outstanding under our revolving facility. A hypothetical 100 basis-point change in the floating interest rate from the current level would result in a corresponding $0.6 million change in interest expense over a one-year period. This sensitivity analysis does not account for the change in the competitive environment indirectly related to the change in interest rates and the potential managerial action taken in response to these changes.
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ITEM 8—FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Wabash National Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Wabash National Corporation as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Wabash National Corporation at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Wabash National Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 25, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Indianapolis, Indiana
February 25, 2011
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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Statements.
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Statements.
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WABASH NATIONAL CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands)
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