Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090069871 | APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR OPTICAL STIMULATION OF NEURAL TISSUES - The present invention, in one aspect, relates to a method for stimulating neural tissue of a living subject. In one embodiment, the method has the steps of generating at least one beam of radiation; introducing at least one of one or more chromophores and one or more optical agents to a target neural tissue; and delivering the at least one beam of radiation to the target neural tissue, wherein the at least one beam of radiation is delivered with a radiant exposure that causes a thermal gradient in the target neural tissue, thereby stimulating the target neural tissue. | 03-12-2009 |
20100016732 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR NEURAL-SIGNAL CAPTURE TO DRIVE NEUROPROSTHESES OR CONTROL BODILY FUNCTION - Method and apparatus for detecting nerve activity of an animal. Some embodiments include outputting a light pulse having a wavelength onto a volume of animal tissue such that the light pulse interacts with active nerves of the tissue; measuring a light signal resulting from the interaction of the light pulse with the tissue; transmitting an electrical signal based on the measured light signal; signal-processing the electrical signal; and outputting a response signal, which can optionally be used to control a prosthetic device, stimulate another nerve, or display/ diagnose a condition. Some embodiments output a plurality of light wavelengths and/or pulses, which are optionally high-frequency intensity modulated. Some embodiments analyze DC, AC, and phase components of signals to spatially resolve locations of neural activity. Some embodiments output light pulse(s) and detect the resultant light from outside a human skull to detect neural activity of human brain tissue inside the skull. | 01-21-2010 |
20100049180 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONDITIONING ANIMAL TISSUE USING LASER LIGHT - Systems and methods for prophylactic measures aimed at improving wound repair. In some embodiments, laser-mediated preconditioning would enhance surgical wound healing that was correlated with hsp70 expression. Using a pulsed laser (λ=1850 nm, Tp=2 ms, 50 Hz, H=7.64 mJ/cm | 02-25-2010 |
20100114190 | NERVE STIMULATOR AND METHOD USING SIMULTANEOUS ELECTRICAL AND OPTICAL SIGNALS - An apparatus and method for stimulating animal tissue (for example to trigger a nerve action potential (NAP) signal in a human patient) by application of both electrical and optical signals for treatment and diagnosis purposes. The application of an electrical signal before or simultaneously to the application of a NAP-triggering optical signal allows the use of a lower amount of optical power or energy than would otherwise be needed if an optical signal alone was used for the same purpose and effectiveness. The application of the electrical signal may precondition the nerve tissue such that a lower-power optical signal can be used to trigger the desired NAP, which otherwise would take a higher-power optical signal were the electric signal not applied. Some embodiments include an implanted nerve interface having a plurality of closely spaced electrodes placed transversely and/or longitudinally to the nerve and a plurality of optical emitters. | 05-06-2010 |
20100292758 | OPTICAL STIMULATION OF THE BRAINSTEM AND/OR MIDBRAIN, INCLUDING AUDITORY AREAS - Apparatus and method for optical- or optical-and-electrical stimulation of midbrain and/or brainstem tissue (e.g., auditory nerve pathways). Peripheral neural stimulation using infrared lasers has been demonstrated in several systems; however, optical stimulation of the central nervous system (CNS) has not been previously described. In some embodiments of the present invention, radiant energy exposure of the cochlear nucleus using a mid-wavelength infrared laser generates optically-evoked auditory brainstem responses (oABRs). In an experiment, the cochlear nuclei of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed using a suboccipital craniotomy approach. In one embodiment, different regions of left cochlear nucleus were acutely stimulated with a 200- or 400-micron-diameter optical fiber placed on the surface of the brainstem, using 50- to 750-microsecond pulses of 1849-nm to 1865-nm-wavelength radiation at a rate of 10 to 40 Hz and power levels ranging from 10% to 80% of 5 watts. oABRs were recorded during the period of optical stimulation. | 11-18-2010 |
20110172725 | NERVE STIMULATOR AND METHOD USING SIMULTANEOUS ELECTRICAL AND OPTICAL SIGNALS - An apparatus and method for stimulating animal tissue (for example to trigger a nerve action potential (NAP) signal in a human patient) by application of both electrical and optical signals for treatment and diagnosis purposes. The application of an electrical signal before or simultaneously to the application of a NAP-triggering optical signal allows the use of a lower amount of optical power or energy than would otherwise be needed if an optical signal alone was used for the same purpose and effectiveness. The application of the electrical signal may precondition the nerve tissue such that a lower-power optical signal can be used to trigger the desired NAP, which otherwise would take a higher-power optical signal were the electric signal not applied. Some embodiments include an implanted nerve interface having a plurality of closely spaced electrodes placed transversely and/or longitudinally to the nerve and a plurality of optical emitters. | 07-14-2011 |
20110295331 | LASER-BASED NERVE STIMULATORS FOR, E.G., HEARING RESTORATION IN COCHLEAR PROSTHESES AND METHOD - Apparatus and method for optical- or optical-and-electrical stimulation of e.g., auditory nerve pathways, for example spiral ganglion in the cochlea or neurons in the cochlear nerve. Several configurations for guiding and directing the optical stimulation are disclosed. Several configurations for guiding and directing the electrical field (used in some embodiments, for sensitization) in and through the destination tissue to which the optical stimulation is directed are disclosed. In some embodiments, and array of IR VCSELs emit stimulation light, in particular to tissue in the cochlea for restoring hearing. In some embodiments, an electrical signal is also applied in a manner that reduces the amount of light in a pulse that is otherwise needed to elicit a NAP. In some embodiments, a heat dissipater is used to spread the heat generated by operation of the lasers and their circuits, to avoid heat damage to the tissue. | 12-01-2011 |
20110295344 | OPTICAL BUNDLE APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR OPTICAL AND/OR ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION OF PERIPHERAL NERVES - Apparatus and method for making and using devices that generate optical signals, and optionally also electrical signals in combination with one or more such optical signals, to stimulate (i.e., trigger) and/or simulate a sensory-nerve signal in nerve and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human), for example to treat nerve damage in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) or the central nervous system (CNS) and provide sensations to stimulate and/or simulate “sensory” signals in nerves and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human) to treat other sensory deficiencies (e.g., touch, feel, balance, visual, taste, or olfactory) and provide sensations related to those sensory deficiencies, and/or to stimulate (i.e., trigger) and/or simulate a motor-nerve signal in nerve and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human), for example to control a muscle or a robotic prosthesis. | 12-01-2011 |
20110295345 | IMPLANTABLE INFRARED NERVE STIMULATION DEVICES FOR PERIPHERAL AND CRANIAL NERVE INTERFACES - Apparatus and method for making and using devices that generate optical signals, and optionally also electrical signals in combination with one or more such optical signals, to stimulate (i.e., trigger) and/or simulate a sensory-nerve signal in nerve and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human), for example to treat nerve damage in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) or the central nervous system (CNS) and provide sensations to stimulate and/or simulate “sensory” signals in nerves and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human) to treat other sensory deficiencies (e.g., touch, feel, balance, visual, taste, or olfactory) and provide sensations related to those sensory deficiencies, and/or to stimulate (i.e., trigger) and/or simulate a motor-nerve signal in nerve and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human), for example to control a muscle or a robotic prosthesis. | 12-01-2011 |
20110295346 | CUFF APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR OPTICAL AND/OR ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION OF PERIPHERAL NERVES - Apparatus and method for making and using devices that generate optical signals, and optionally also electrical signals in combination with one or more such optical signals, to stimulate (i.e., trigger) and/or simulate a sensory-nerve signal in nerve and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human), for example to treat nerve damage in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) or the central nervous system (CNS) and provide sensations to stimulate and/or simulate “sensory” signals in nerves and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human) to treat other sensory deficiencies (e.g., touch, feel, balance, visual, taste, or olfactory) and provide sensations related to those sensory deficiencies, and/or to stimulate (i.e., trigger) and/or simulate a motor-nerve signal in nerve and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human), for example to control a muscle or a robotic prosthesis. | 12-01-2011 |
20110295347 | NERVE-PENETRATING APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR OPTICAL AND/OR ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION OF PERIPHERAL NERVES - Apparatus and method for making and using devices that generate optical signals, and optionally also electrical signals in combination with one or more such optical signals, to stimulate (i.e., trigger) and/or simulate a sensory-nerve signal in nerve and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human), for example to treat nerve damage in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) or the central nervous system (CNS) and provide sensations to stimulate and/or simulate “sensory” signals in nerves and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human) to treat other sensory deficiencies (e.g., touch, feel, balance, visual, taste, or olfactory) and provide sensations related to those sensory deficiencies, and/or to stimulate (i.e., trigger) and/or simulate a motor-nerve signal in nerve and/or brain tissue of a living animal (e.g., a human), for example to control a muscle or a robotic prosthesis. | 12-01-2011 |
20130023961 | INDIVIDUALLY OPTIMIZED PERFORMANCE OF OPTICALLY STIMULATING COCHLEAR IMPLANTS - Method and apparatus for optically stimulating neurons of a plurality of auditory nerve pathways of a person to provide auditory sensations for the person including generating a plurality of pulsed light signals having one or more successive pulses; delivering the plurality of pulsed light signals to one or more auditory nerve pathways of the cochlea of the person; selectively controlling the plurality of light signals to optically stimulate and trigger nerve action potentials (NAPs) in the one or more auditory nerve pathways, wherein the selectively controlling includes empirically testing the delivering of the plurality of light signals and determining which optical-stimulation parameters used during the testing are most effective for optically stimulating the auditory nerve pathways of the person, and using results of the testing such that the delivering includes delivering the plurality of light signals with the optical-stimulation parameters that were determined to be most effective for optically stimulating. | 01-24-2013 |
20130023965 | OPTIMIZED STIMULATION RATE OF AN OPTICALLY STIMULATING COCHLEAR IMPLANT - Method and apparatus for optically stimulating neurons of a plurality of auditory nerve pathways of a person to provide auditory sensations for the person including generating a plurality of pulsed light signals having one or more successive pulses; delivering the plurality of pulsed light signals to one or more auditory nerve pathways of the cochlea of the person; selectively controlling the plurality of light signals to optically stimulate and trigger nerve action potentials (NAPs) in the one or more auditory nerve pathways. In some embodiments, the stimulation rate (i.e., pulse-repetition rate) is optimized for the patient based on comfort levels, speech-recognition scores, and temperature feedback from monitors in the cochlea. In some embodiments, the methods of the present invention find practical lower and upper limits to the rate of stimulation to increase the speech-recognition scores while implementing safety limits to preventing overheating. | 01-24-2013 |
20140024902 | SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR OPTICAL STIMULATION OF NEURAL TISSUES - The present invention, in one aspect, relates to a system for stimulating neural tissue of a living subject. The system comprises an energy source capable of generating optical energy, a connector having a first end and a second end capable of transmitting optical energy, and a probe operably coupled to the second end of the connector and having an end portion for delivering optical energy to a target neural tissue. In one embodiment, the energy source comprises a tunable laser. | 01-23-2014 |
20150202461 | SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR OPTICAL STIMULATION OF NEURAL TISSUES - The present invention, in one aspect, relates to a system for stimulating neural tissue of a living subject. The system comprises an energy source capable of generating optical energy, a connector having a first end and a second end capable of transmitting optical energy, and a probe operably coupled to the second end of the connector and having an end portion for delivering optical energy to a target neural tissue. In one embodiment, the energy source comprises a tunable laser. | 07-23-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20160099911 | UNIVERSAL DHCP HELPERS - The present disclosure generally relates to techniques for providing an Internet protocol (IP) address to a client device communicatively coupled to a network. The technique can include: sending, by the client and over the network, a request for an IP address; receiving, by a router, the request; forwarding, by the router, the request to a universal helper server; receiving, by the universal helper server, the request; determining, by the universal helper server, an IP address of a DHCP server; forwarding, by the universal helper server, the request to the DHCP server; providing to the router, by the DHCP server, a client IP address; and sending, from the router to the client, the client IP address, such that the client is configured with the client IP address such that the client can receive point to point messages. | 04-07-2016 |
20160099912 | SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND COMPUTER-READABLE MEDIA FOR ALLOCATION AND RENEWAL OF IP ADDRESSES - Embodiments relate to methods, devices, and computer-implemented methods for internet protocol (“IP”) address assignment by a dynamic host configuration protocol (“DHCP”) server. The method includes receiving, from a client device, a DHCP discovery message for allocation of an IP address; assigning, by a processor, an IP address to the client device for a first lease period based on the DHCP discovery message; providing the IP address that was assigned to the client device; receiving, from the client device, an IP address lease renewal request during the first lease period; and renewing the first lease period to establish a second lease period that is longer than the first lease period based on a length of time the IP address that was assigned is in use by the client device. | 04-07-2016 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080242296 | Roaming gateway enabling location based services (LBS) roaming for user plane in CDMA networks without requiring use of a mobile positioning center (MPC) - LBS support to CDMA mobiles while roaming on another network. IS-801 session data is routed by a routing gateway to a correct visited network PDE that contains correct BSA data, which is used to return assistance data to an interrogating mobile device. A standalone exemplary roaming LBS routing gateway (XRG) provides network connectivity between PDE equipment in multiple carrier networks. Conventional LBS roaming support is defined via the use of Mobile Position Centers (MPCs). The invention implements a roaming LBS gateway to enable roaming between CDMA carriers that are only using a PDE (Positioning Determining Entity) for this purpose, since a mobile position center (MPC) is typically an optional network node according to location based services (LBS) specifications. | 10-02-2008 |
20110223909 | Roaming gateway enabling location based services (LBS) roaming for user plane in CDMA networks without requiring use of a mobile positioning center (MPC) - LBS support to CDMA mobiles while roaming on another network. IS-801 session data is routed by a routing gateway to a correct visited network PDE that contains correct BSA data, which is used to return assistance data to an interrogating mobile device. A standalone exemplary roaming LBS routing gateway (XRG) provides network connectivity between PDE equipment in multiple carrier networks. Conventional LBS roaming support is defined via the use of Mobile Position Centers (MPCs). The invention implements a roaming LBS gateway to enable roaming between CDMA carriers that are only using a PDE (Positioning Determining Entity) for this purpose, since a mobile position center (MPC) is typically an optional network node according to location based services (LBS) specifications. | 09-15-2011 |
20110258328 | Secure location session manager - A Secure Location Session Manager (SLSM) is an intelligent router for open mobile alliance (OMA) Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) Version 1.0 (and later) messages best implemented when multiple, geo-diverse SUPL servers are deployed in a distributed environment, such as an active-active redundant configuration within a wireless carrier's network. In a standalone option, the SLSM acts as a “middleman” for all SUPL positioning messages between a mobile device and a responsible SUPL server. In an embedded option, the SLSM resides within an existing server. The SLSM manages and stores session information for all pending and ongoing SUPL positioning sessions in internal tables for routing and load balancing purposes. The external interfaces of the SLSM consist of OMA ULP messages. | 10-20-2011 |
20130145434 | Unattended Authentication in a Secondary Authentication Service for Wireless Carriers - A wireless device initiates a connection by sending an Unsolicited HTTP(s) POST that includes a user identity and credentials, not in response to a form that is provided to the wireless device from a secondary authentication service (2AS), so the 2AS does not have a session with the wireless device. An HTTP(s) session is handled by a home agent or enterprise home agent. The 2AS uses the user identity and credentials from the Unsolicited POST to complete interaction with a downstream identity management server, and takes appropriate action by either indicating to the home agent that authentication was successful and the device is authorized to use the private enterprise network resources protected by the 2AS process; or if the authentication was unsuccessful that the session(s) should be disconnected. In addition, the 2AS may communicate with the agent on the wireless device to send intermediate and final status of the attempt. | 06-06-2013 |
20140057602 | Secure Location Session Manager - A Secure Location Session Manager (SLSM) is an intelligent router for open mobile alliance (OMA) Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) Version 1.0 (and later) messages best implemented when multiple, geo-diverse SUPL servers are deployed in a distributed environment, such as an active-active redundant configuration within a wireless carrier's network. In a standalone option, the SLSM acts as a “middleman” for all SUPL positioning messages between a mobile device and a responsible SUPL server. In an embedded option, the SLSM resides within an existing server. The SLSM manages and stores session information for all pending and ongoing SUPL positioning sessions in internal tables for routing and load balancing purposes. The external interfaces of the SLSM consist of OMA ULP messages. | 02-27-2014 |
20150207776 | INTELLIGENT IP RESOLVER - An intelligent Internet Protocol (IP) resolver can be configured to receive a domain name service (DNS) request from a node of an external network to resolve a domain name for a content provider accessed via an autonomous network. The intelligent IP resolver can also be configured to determine an entry point into the autonomous network for traffic originating from a mobile device identified in the DNS request. The intelligent IP resolver can further be configured to generate a DNS answer that identifies a node of the content provider. The node of the content provider can be determined based on the entry point of the autonomous network. | 07-23-2015 |