Patent application number | Description | Published |
20140275634 | Ether Blends Via Reactive Distillation - A method for forming a blend of ethers from a blend of alcohols includes a step of reacting a hydrocarbon-containing gas with an oxygen-containing gas to form first product blend. The first product blend includes a blend of partially oxygenated compounds. The blend of partially oxygenated compounds is provided to a reactive distillation station where it is converted a second product blend. The second product blend typically includes a mixture of ethers. An apparatus implementing the method is also provided. | 09-18-2014 |
20140275642 | EFFICIENCY, FLEXIBILITY, AND PRODUCT VALUE OF A DIRECT ALKANES TO OXYGENATES PROCESS - A method for preparing oxygenated hydrocarbons includes steps of: reacting a first heated hydrocarbon-containing gas stream with an oxygen-containing gas stream in a reactor for form a first product blend, recovering the energy generated in the reactor in order to preheat incoming hydrocarbon feed to the reactor and/or to drive endothermic reactions that generate synthesis gas, separating and condensing one or more liquid oxygenated hydrocarbons from the product stream, separating a reject stream from a recycle stream, mixing remaining gaseous hydrocarbon product from the recycle stream with the first hydrocarbon-containing gas stream after one reaction cycle, converting the first reject stream to a synthesis gas mixture, and converting the synthesis gas mixture to light alkanes to be blended with one or with oxygenates in an output stream to optionally form higher molecular weight oxygenates. | 09-18-2014 |
20140275643 | Reactive Scrubbing for Upgrading Product Value, Simplifying Process Operation and Product Handling - A method for removing formaldehyde from a blend of partially oxygenated hydrocarbons is provided. The method including a step of reacting a hydrocarbon-containing gas with an oxygen-containing gas in a reaction vessel to form first product blend. The first product blend includes a blend of partially oxygenated compounds that include formaldehyde. The blend of partially oxygenated compounds is provided to a reactive scrubbing station where it is contacted with a reactive scrubbing liquid to form a reactive liquid-formaldehyde compound. The reactive liquid-formaldehyde compound is then removed from the first blend of partially reactive compounds. | 09-18-2014 |
20150299074 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING OXYGENATED HYDROCARBONS - A method includes a step of supplying a first heated hydrocarbon-containing gas stream to a reactor. An oxygen-containing gas stream is separately supplied to the reactor to partially oxidize the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream. The oxygen-containing gas is optionally prepared by passing air through one or more membranes to increase the oxygen content. One or more of the desired liquid oxygenated hydrocarbons are condensed and/or separated from the resulting product stream. Non-hydrocarbon gases are selectively removed from the product stream to enrich the gaseous hydrocarbon fraction using a scrubber and/or a membrane. The remaining gaseous hydrocarbon products from the product stream are mixed with a fresh hydrocarbon-containing gas stream after one cycle of the reaction. Characteristically, the process uses at least one membrane to increase oxygen content of the oxygen containing gas and/or to remove non-hydrocarbon gases from the product stream as set forth above. | 10-22-2015 |
20160031780 | ETHER BLENDS VIA REACTIVE DISTILLATION - A method for forming a blend of ethers from a blend of alcohols includes a step of reacting a hydrocarbon-containing gas with an oxygen-containing gas to form first product blend. The first product blend includes a blend of partially oxygenated compounds. The blend of partially oxygenated compounds is provided to a reactive distillation station where it is converted a second product blend. The second product blend typically includes a mixture of ethers. An apparatus implementing the method is also provided. | 02-04-2016 |
20160045890 | Reactive Scrubbing for Upgrading Product Value, Simplifying Process Operation and Product Handling - A method for removing formaldehyde from a blend of partially oxygenated hydrocarbons is provided. The method including a step of reacting a hydrocarbon-containing gas with an oxygen-containing gas in a reaction vessel to form first product blend. The first product blend includes a blend of partially oxygenated compounds that include formaldehyde. The blend of partially oxygenated compounds is provided to a reactive scrubbing station where it is contacted with a reactive scrubbing liquid to form a reactive liquid-formaldehyde compound. The reactive liquid-formaldehyde compound is then removed from the first blend of partially reactive compounds. | 02-18-2016 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080296174 | System and Method for Improving Accuracy of a Gas Sensor - An electrochemical gas sensor and methods of operating an electrochemical gas sensor are disclosed. In one embodiment, an electrochemical gas sensor comprising a measuring electrode pair configured to measure a gas species and a pumping electrode pair configured to reduce an amount of an interfering species in a sample in the electrochemical gas sensor is operated by obtaining a measurement of the interfering species at a location spatially adjacent to a measuring electrode of the measuring electrode pair, and adjusting one or more of an operation or an output processing of the electrochemical gas sensor based on the measurement of the interfering species. | 12-04-2008 |
20110197571 | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR DETECTING PARTICLES - The present invention relates to a method for detecting particles and a particle sensor arrangement. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and arrangement for detecting particles in a gas flow, e.g. from a diesel combustion engine. The method comprises the steps of; forcing a particle build up on a sensor element of a particle sensor arrangement by regulating the sensor element to a second temperature; wherein the second temperature is lower than a first temperature, the first temperature being the gas flow temperature. Additionally is the particle build up detected at the sensor element by means of a detector. The present invention provides for an accurate method and arrangement to detect and thereby measure particles present in a gas flow, e.g. from a combustion engine. | 08-18-2011 |
20120192548 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MONITORING REDUCTANT QUALITY - A method of operating an internal combustion engine having a reductant delivery and storage system in an emission control system, comprising of correlating a change in a monitored operating condition with a refill event to determine whether a reductant-diluting substance has been added to the reductant storage system; and limiting vehicle operation based on the correlation. | 08-02-2012 |
20140156172 | EXHAUST HUMIDITY SENSOR - Embodiments for adjusting engine operating parameters based on output from an exhaust humidity sensor are provided. One example method for an engine comprises based on a dew point of exhaust gas, adjusting an exhaust gas sensor heater configured to heat an exhaust gas sensor disposed in an exhaust passage of the engine, the dew point based on output from a humidity sensor disposed in the exhaust passage. | 06-05-2014 |
20150101328 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR AN OXYGEN SENSOR - Methods and systems are provided for accurately learning the zero point of an intake gas oxygen sensor in varying ambient humidity conditions. The learned zero point is corrected based on an estimated ambient humidity to calibrate the reading for dry air conditions or standard humidity conditions. EGR control is performed by comparing the output of an intake oxygen sensor during EGR conditions relative to the humidity-corrected zero point. | 04-16-2015 |
20150128564 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR REDUCTANT INJECTOR DEGRADATION - Various systems and methods for detecting exhaust reductant injector degradation based on an exhaust NO | 05-14-2015 |
20150192084 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR FUEL ETHANOL CONTENT DETERMINATION VIA AN OXYGEN SENSOR - Methods are provided for accurately learning part-to-part variability of an intake or exhaust oxygen sensor. A correction factor is learned based on a sensor reading in dry air conditions, the dry air reading learned by applying a higher reference voltage to the sensor. An ethanol transfer function is then adjusted based on the learned correction factor so as to improve the accuracy of combusted fuel ethanol content estimation. | 07-09-2015 |
20150192085 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR FUEL ETHANOL CONTENT DETERMINATION VIA AN OXYGEN SENSOR - Methods are provided for accurately learning part-to-part variability of an intake or exhaust oxygen sensor. A correction factor is learned based on sensor readings at voltages above and below a voltage corresponding to dry air conditions. An ethanol transfer function is then adjusted based on the learned correction factor so as to improve the accuracy of combusted fuel ethanol content estimation. | 07-09-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110221231 | Sealed aft cavity drag reducer - A drag reducing device utilizing sealed aft cavities designed to limit interference with existing truck and trailer designs is described. The invention comprises one or more sealed aft cavities affixed to the rear of a traditional commercial straight truck or trailer, or any other blunt (or mostly blunt) aft faced vehicle. A means is provided by which the device is stowed to allow normal operation of the straight truck, trailer or vehicle. Drag is reduced by the streamlining of the rear of the vehicle, postponing and narrowing the flow separation downstream of the trailing edge as well as increasing the pressure on the back of the vehicle with the open to the rear, sealed aft cavity. The concept described focuses on the utilization of (a) sealed aft cavity(ies) to limit the effects of blunt body drag and the means for attachment and stowage for loading and unloading cargo. | 09-15-2011 |
20120086233 | SEALED AFT CAVITY DRAG REDUCER - A drag reducing device utilizing sealed aft cavities designed to limit interference with existing truck and trailer designs is described. The invention comprises one or more sealed aft cavities affixed to the rear of a traditional commercial straight truck or trailer, or any other blunt (or mostly blunt) aft faced vehicle. A means is provided by which the device is stowed to allow normal operation of the straight truck, trailer or vehicle. Drag is reduced by the streamlining of the rear of the vehicle, postponing and narrowing the flow separation downstream of the trailing edge as well as increasing the pressure on the back of the vehicle with the open to the rear, sealed aft cavity. The concept described focuses on the utilization of (a) sealed aft cavity(ies) to limit the effects of blunt body drag and the means for attachment and stowage for loading and unloading cargo. | 04-12-2012 |
20120086234 | SEALED AFT CAVITY DRAG REDUCER - A drag reducing device utilizing sealed aft cavities designed to limit interference with existing truck and trailer designs is described. The invention comprises one or more sealed aft cavities affixed to the rear of a traditional commercial straight truck or trailer, or any other blunt (or mostly blunt) aft faced vehicle. A means is provided by which the device is stowed to allow normal operation of the straight truck, trailer or vehicle. Drag is reduced by the streamlining of the rear of the vehicle, postponing and narrowing the flow separation downstream of the trailing edge as well as increasing the pressure on the back of the vehicle with the open to the rear, sealed aft cavity. The concept described focuses on the utilization of (a) sealed aft cavity(ies) to limit the effects of blunt body drag and the means for attachment and stowage for loading and unloading cargo. | 04-12-2012 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090067423 | System and Method for Service Assurance in IP Networks - A system and method for providing service assurance in a data network is provided. Resource control points are positioned throughout a data network, such as an IP data network. The resource control points obtain network topology information and correlates that information with information associated with a particular service session. The resource control points utilize the correlated information to generate quality service records and to provide status information regarding the network topology and particular sessions. The resource control points may further retrieve link and utilization information to control sessions during periods of congestion. | 03-12-2009 |
20090070486 | System and Method for Service Assurance in IP Networks - A system and method for providing service assurance in a data network is provided. Resource control points are positioned throughout a data network, such as an IP data network. The resource control points obtain network topology information and correlates that information with information associated with a particular service session. The resource control points utilize the correlated information to generate quality service records and to provide status information regarding the network topology and particular sessions. The information collected by the resource control points may also be utilized to provide reports regarding resource management for services within the data network, the path used by the session across the data network, fault information for the session in the context of the network topology and congestion information as concerns the resources in the data network used by the session. | 03-12-2009 |
20090092135 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ROUTER DATA DISTRIBUTION - Employing an asymmetric protocol, multiple sources reliably broadcast dynamically changing routing tables incrementally across multiple consumers from a single distributor. Each of multiple sources send current tables to the distributor using a snapshot mechanism. Message are buffered, segmented, paced by timers, and broadcast to the consumers repetitively at the distributor. Negative acknowledgments from the consumer request missing messages from the distributor after receipt of a keepalive message from the distributor. The distributor marks the missing messages and retransmits replacements from a history buffer only after firing of a resend timer. A unique Session ID included in all messages originating from each particular source facilitates reliable table distribution from multiple sources to multiple consumers via a single distributor. | 04-09-2009 |
20090185506 | System and Method for Router Virtual Networking - A host router is logically partitioned into virtual router domains that manage independent processes and routing application copies but share a common operating system. Each v-net manages an independent set of sockets and host router interfaces, each associated with only one v-net at one time, but interchangeably repartitionable Traffic is removed from an interface during repartitioning. Duplicate arrays of global variables copied to each v-net are accessed by macro references. A v-net facility can separate route tables used internally from the externally visible route tables and can avoid conflicts between internal and external IP addresses that share the same identifier. For example a common FreeBSD operating system supports a dynamic routing protocol (DRP) application. Each v-net runs an independent copy of the DRP software and is logically independent. A failure in one DRP copy does not adversely affect other copies. | 07-23-2009 |
20100208738 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ROUTER VIRTUAL NETWORKING - A host router is logically partitioned into virtual router domains that manage independent processes and routing application copies but share a common operating system. Each v-net manages an independent set of sockets and host router interfaces, each associated with only one v-net at one time, but interchangeably repartitionable Traffic is removed from an interface during repartitioning. Duplicate arrays of global variables copied to each v-net are accessed by macro references. A v-net facility can separate route tables used internally from the externally visible route tables and can avoid conflicts between internal and external IP addresses that share the same identifier. For example a common FreeBSD operating system supports a dynamic routing protocol (DRP) application. Each v-net runs an independent copy of the DRP software and is logically independent. A failure in one DRP copy does not adversely affect other copies. | 08-19-2010 |
20120005338 | System and Method for Service Assurance in IP Networks - A system and method for providing service assurance in a data network is provided. Resource control points are positioned throughout a data network, such as an IP data network. The resource control points obtain network topology information and correlates that information with information associated with a particular service session. The resource control points utilize the correlated information to generate quality service records and to provide status information regarding the network topology and particular sessions. The information collected by the resource control points may also be utilized to provide reports regarding resource management for services within the data network, the path used by the session across the data network, fault information for the session in the context of the network topology and congestion information as concerns the resources in the data network used by the session. | 01-05-2012 |
20130077528 | Route Topology Discovery in Data Networks - A system and method for performing topology discovery in a data network is provided. Network elements utilizing a distance-vector protocol, such as EIGRP, advertises routes and metric information. A resource control point or other element analyzes the advertised routes and metrics and determines the nexthop, thereby providing a topology map of the network. | 03-28-2013 |
20140254428 | Route Topology Discovery in Data Networks - A system and method for performing topology discovery in a data network is provided. Network elements utilizing a distance-vector protocol, such as EIGRP, advertises routes and metric information. A resource control point or other element analyzes the advertised routes and metrics and determines the nexthop, thereby providing a topology map of the network. | 09-11-2014 |
20140297849 | System and Method for Service Assurance in IP Networks - A system and method for providing service assurance in a data network is provided. Resource control points are positioned throughout a data network, such as an IP data network. The resource control points obtain network topology information and correlates that information with information associated with a particular service session. The resource control points utilize the correlated information to generate quality service records and to provide status information regarding the network topology and particular sessions. The resource control points may further retrieve link and utilization information to control sessions during periods of congestion. | 10-02-2014 |
20150381384 | Edge Network Virtualization - A virtual edge router network for providing managed services to distributed remote office locations can include routing components that are capable of being autonomously deployed at the network edge, as well as remotely managed, thereby obviating the need for on-site technical support in remote offices of the a small and medium business (SMB) client. Autonomous deployment and remote management is achieved through abstraction of the control and management planes from the data plane. Virtual edge routers may include virtual forwarding units and virtual remote agents instantiated on host devices in each remote office location, as well as a virtual network controller instantiated on a host device in a head-office location. A data plane of the virtual edge router communicatively couples the virtual forwarding units to one another, while a control plane communicatively couples the virtual network controller to each virtual data forwarding unit. | 12-31-2015 |
20150381503 | Wireless Area Network (WAN) Overloading - Incoming packets communicated over a common WAN interface of a distributed host device may be processed differently depending on their traffic classification. A virtual forwarding unit classifies incoming packets as tunneled traffic, tunnel-related control traffic, remote agent traffic, or local internet traffic. Tunneled traffic classifies packets transported over data or control tunnels extending between WAN interfaces of distributed host devices. Tunnel-related control traffic classifies packets communicated to measure a quality parameter of the data or control tunnels, such as operations, administration and maintenance (OAM) packets. Remote agent traffic classifies packets associated with existing remote agent sessions, which are created and tracked based on outgoing management traffic originating from the virtual remote agent. Local internet traffic classifies packets associated with existing local internet sessions, which are created and tracked based on outgoing local internet traffic. | 12-31-2015 |
20150381569 | Local Internet with Quality of Service (QoS) Egress Queuing - Local internet functionality may allow host devices positioned in branch office locations to securely communicate outgoing internet traffic directly over the internet. Local internet functionality may also allow said host devices to securely receive incoming internet traffic through the creation and tracking of local internet sessions. Local internet functionality is achieved by forwarding egress internet traffic over a local internet virtual pathway extending to a WAN interface/port of a local host device. The WAN interface/port is configured to communicate traffic received over the local internet virtual pathway directly over the internet, while communicating all other egress traffic over secure tunnels of the virtual edge router. The WAN interface/port is further configured to monitor outgoing local internet traffic to create and track local internet sessions. | 12-31-2015 |
20150381773 | Dual-Homed External Network Access in a Distributed Internet Protocol (IP) Router - Dual-homed forwarding techniques ensure that packets destined for a private network location are forwarded directly to the private network. Host devices adapted for dual-homed forwarding techniques may first search a forwarding table to identify an outgoing interface associated with a packet's destination address, and then search an egress table to identify an entry associated with the outgoing interface. The identified entry in the egress table indicates whether the outgoing interface is a remote interface, and if so, a dual-homing identifier associated with the outgoing interface. If so, the host device searches the forwarding table a second time to determine whether any local interfaces are associated with the dual-homing identifier. The packet is then forwarded either over the local outgoing interface associated with the dual-homing identifier or the originally identified outgoing interface. | 12-31-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110011638 | SHIELDING TAPE WITH EDGE INDICATOR - The present invention comprises a shielding tape comprising at least one shielding layer, at least one separator layer, a first (inner) edge, and a second (outer) edge. The shielding tape further includes an indicator extending along at least a portion of the outer edge. The indicator is for identifying the outer edge when the outer edge overlaps the inner edge when the shielding tape is positioned onto a cable. Alternatively, both edges may have an indicator. The present invention makes it easy to locate the outer edge of the shielding tape for an installer wishing to remove at least some of the shielding tape before crimping or compressing a connector onto the end of a cable. | 01-20-2011 |
20110011639 | SHIELDING TAPE WITH MULTIPLE FOIL LAYERS - A coaxial cable of the present invention comprises a center conductor, a dielectric surrounding the center conductor, a shielding tape surrounding the dielectric, a braided metal surrounding the shielding tape, and an outer jacket surrounding the braided metal. The shielding tape comprises: (i) a first shielding layer bonded to a first separating layer; (ii) a second shielding layer bonded to the first separating layer and a second separating layer; and (iii) a third shielding layer bonded to the second separating layer. The present invention eliminates the potential problem of the outer shielding structures separating and interfering with connector attachment. Furthermore, the use of three or more shielding layers in the shielding tape of the present invention improves the flex life of the shield tape by covering micro-cracks in the metal layers with additional shielding layers, thus reducing signal egress or ingress. Accordingly, the present invention provides cost savings and/or an improvement in shielding performance. | 01-20-2011 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110263068 | METHODS FOR ENHANCING LIGHT ABSORPTION DURING PV APPLICATIONS - Embodiments of the invention generally relate to solar cell devices and methods for manufacturing such solar cell devices. In one embodiment, a method for forming a solar cell device includes depositing a conversion layer over a first surface of a substrate, depositing a first transparent conductive oxide layer over a second surface of the substrate that is opposite the first surface, depositing a first p-doped silicon layer over the first transparent conductive oxide layer, depositing a first intrinsic silicon layer over the first p-doped silicon layer, and depositing a first n-doped silicon layer over the first intrinsic silicon layer. The method further includes depositing a second transparent conductive oxide layer over the first n-doped silicon layer, and depositing an electrically conductive contact layer over the second transparent conductive oxide layer. | 10-27-2011 |
20120055534 | Photovoltaic Devices with High Work-Function TCO Buffer Layers and Methods of Manufacture - Embodiments of the invention are directed to photovoltaic cells comprising a substantially optically transparent buffer layer on a superstrate and a photoabsorber layer on the buffer layer. The buffer layer of detailed embodiments has a work function greater than or equal to about the work function of the photoabsorber layer. Additional embodiments of the invention are directed to photovoltaic modules comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells and methods of making photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic modules. | 03-08-2012 |
20120055535 | Photovoltaic Devices With Textured Glass Superstrate - Embodiments of the invention are directed to photovoltaic cells comprising a textured superstrate, a front contact layer, a photoabsorber layer and a back contact layer. The textured superstrate has a plurality of craters with an average opening angle, an average aspect ratio and an average depth. Methods of making such photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic modules are also described. | 03-08-2012 |
20120164470 | SILVER-NICKEL CORE-SHEATH NANOSTRUCTURES AND METHODS TO FABRICATE - Embodiments of the invention generally provide core-sheath nanostructures and methods for forming such nanostructures. In one embodiment, a method for forming core-sheath nanostructures includes stirring an aqueous dispersion containing silver nanostructures while adding a catalytic metal salt solution to the aqueous dispersion and forming catalytic metal coated silver nanostructures during a galvanic replacement process. The method further includes stirring an organic solvent dispersion containing the catalytic metal coated silver nanostructures dispersed in an organic solvent while adding a nickel salt solution to the organic solvent dispersion, and thereafter, adding a reducing solution to the organic solvent dispersion to form silver-nickel core-sheath nanostructures during a nickel coating process. In one embodiment, the core-sheath nanostructures are silver-nickel core-sheath nanowires, wherein each silver-nickel core-sheath nanowire has a sheath layer of nickel disposed over and encompassing a catalytic metal layer of palladium disposed on a nanowire core of silver. | 06-28-2012 |
20130095252 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ALIGNING NANOWIRES DEPOSITED BY AN ELECTROSPINNING PROCESS - Embodiments of the invention generally include apparatus and methods for depositing nanowires in a predetermined pattern during an electrospinning process. An apparatus includes a nozzle for containing and ejecting a deposition material, and a voltage source coupled to the nozzle to eject the deposition material. One or more electric field shaping devices are positioned to shape the electric field adjacent to a substrate to control the trajectory of the ejected deposition material. The electric field shaping device converges an electric field at a point near the surface of the substrate to accurately deposit the deposition material on the substrate in a predetermined pattern. The methods include applying a voltage to a nozzle to eject an electrically-charged deposition material towards a substrate, and shaping one or more electric fields to control the trajectory of the electrically-charged deposition material. The deposition material is then deposited on the substrate in a predetermined pattern. | 04-18-2013 |
20130102110 | METHOD AND APPARATUS OF FORMING A CONDUCTIVE LAYER - The present invention generally includes an apparatus and process of forming a conductive layer on a surface of a host substrate, which can be directly used to form a portion of an electronic device. More specifically, one or more of the embodiments disclosed herein include a process of forming a conductive layer on a surface of a substrate using an electrospinning type deposition process. Embodiments of the conductive layer forming process described herein can be used to reduce the number of processing steps required to form the conductive layer, improve the electrical properties of the formed conductive layer and reduce the conductive layer formation process complexity over current state-of-the-art conductive layer formation techniques. Typical electronic device formation processes that can benefit from one or more of the embodiments described herein include, but are not limited to processes used to form solar cells, electronic visual display devices and touchscreen type technologies. | 04-25-2013 |
20130302595 | SUPER-HYDROPHOBIC AND OLEOPHOBIC TRANSPARENT COATINGS FOR DISPLAYS - Embodiments described herein generally relate to methods of creating super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic layers and the resulting composition of matter. A method for creating a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic surface can include positioning a substrate with an exposed surface in a processing chamber, injecting an electrically charged silicon-containing deposition material towards the surface of the substrate, depositing silicon-containing nanofibers onto the exposed surface of the substrate, and depositing a thin low surface energy layer over the exposed surface of the substrate and the silicon-containing nanofibers. A substrate with a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic surface can include a substrate with an exposed surface, one or more layers of nanofibers disposed on the exposed surface, and a thin low surface energy material deposited over both the nanofibers and the exposed surface. | 11-14-2013 |
20140264354 | BUFFER LAYERS FOR METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTORS FOR TFT - The present invention generally relates to a thin film semiconductor device having a buffer layer formed between the semiconductor layer and one or more layers. In one embodiment, a thin film semiconductor device includes a semiconductor layer having a first work function and a first electron affinity level, a buffer layer having a second work function greater than the first work function and a second electron affinity level that is less than the first electron affinity level; and a gate dielectric layer having a third work function less than the second work function and a third electron affinity level that is greater than the second electron affinity level. | 09-18-2014 |
20150251214 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ALIGNING NANOWIRES DEPOSITED BY AN ELECTROSPINNING PROCESS - Embodiments of the invention generally include apparatus and methods for depositing nanowires in a predetermined pattern during an electrospinning process. An apparatus includes a nozzle for containing and ejecting a deposition material, and a voltage source coupled to the nozzle to eject the deposition material. One or more electric field shaping devices are positioned to shape the electric field adjacent to a substrate to control the trajectory of the ejected deposition material. The electric field shaping device converges an electric field at a point near the surface of the substrate to accurately deposit the deposition material on the substrate in a predetermined pattern. The methods include applying a voltage to a nozzle to eject an electrically-charged deposition material towards a substrate, and shaping one or more electric fields to control the trajectory of the electrically-charged deposition material. The deposition material is then deposited on the substrate in a predetermined pattern. | 09-10-2015 |
20150295099 | HIGH WORK-FUNCTION BUFFER LAYERS FOR SILICON-BASED PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES - Embodiments of the invention generally provide a silicon-based photovoltaic (PV) device containing a high work-function (HWF) buffer layer disposed between a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer and a p-type silicon-based layer of a p-i-n junction. The PV device generally has a transparent substrate, a first TCO layer disposed on the transparent substrate, a HWF buffer layer disposed on the first TCO layer, a p-i-n junction disposed on the high work-function buffer layer, a second TCO layer disposed on the n-type silicon-based layer, and a metallic reflective layer disposed on the second TCO layer. The p-i-n junction contains an intrinsic layer disposed between a p-type silicon-based layer and an n-type silicon-based layer, and the p-type silicon-based layer is in contact with the HWF buffer layer. | 10-15-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100156277 | ENCAPSULATED RGB OLEDS HAVING ENHANCED OPTICAL OUTPUT - Methods of making an integrated barrier stack and optical enhancement layer for protecting and improving the light out coupling of an encapsulated OLED are described. The method includes optimizing the thickness of various layers including the initial inorganic barrier layer and the inorganic barrier layer and polymeric decoupling layer for the barrier stack. The thickness is optimized for at least one of maximum efficiency, minimum dispersion, or minimum spectral shift so that the encapsulated OLED has enhanced light outcoupling compared to the bare OLED. | 06-24-2010 |
20100159792 | ENCAPSULATED WHITE OLEDS HAVING ENHANCED OPTICAL OUTPUT - Methods of making an integrated barrier stack and optical enhancement layer for protecting and improving the light out coupling of encapsulated white OLEDs are described. The method includes optimizing the thickness of various layers including one or more of the plasma protective layer, the initial organic layer, the initial inorganic barrier layer, and the inorganic barrier layer and polymeric decoupling layer for the barrier stack. The thickness is optimized for at least one of total efficiency, or intentional color point shift so that the encapsulated OLED has enhanced light outcoupling compared to the bare OLED. | 06-24-2010 |
20100167002 | METHOD FOR ENCAPSULATING ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE DEVICES - Methods of sealing environmentally sensitive devices and vacuum insulation panels are described. One method includes: providing first and second substrates; placing the environmentally sensitive device between the first and second substrates; sealing the first and second substrates together with an adhesive, the adhesive having an exposed portion; and covering the exposed portion of the adhesive with a barrier layer, or with a barrier stack comprising at least one decoupling layer and at least one barrier layer. | 07-01-2010 |
20120080092 | HIGH EFFICIENCY SOLAR CELL DEVICE WITH GALLIUM ARSENIDE ABSORBER LAYER - Embodiments of the invention provide a method of forming a doped gallium arsenide based (GaAs) layer from a solution based precursor. The doped gallium arsenide based (GaAs) layer formed from the solution based precursor may assist solar cell devices to improve light absorption and conversion efficiency. In one embodiment, a method of forming a solar cell device includes forming a first layer with a first type of dopants doped therein over a surface of a substrate, forming a GaAs based layer on the first layer, and forming a second layer with a second type of dopants doped therein on the GaAs based layer. | 04-05-2012 |
20120080753 | GALLIUM ARSENIDE BASED MATERIALS USED IN THIN FILM TRANSISTOR APPLICATIONS - Embodiments of the invention provide a method of forming a group III-V material utilized in thin film transistor devices. In one embodiment, a gallium arsenide based (GaAs) layer with or without dopants formed from a solution based precursor may be utilized in thin film transistor devices. The gallium arsenide based (GaAs) layer formed from the solution based precursor may be incorporated in thin film transistor devices to improve device performance and device speed. In one embodiment, a thin film transistor structure includes a gate insulator layer disposed on a substrate, a GaAs based layer disposed over the gate insulator layer, and a source-drain metal electrode layer disposed adjacent to the GaAs based layer. | 04-05-2012 |
20150147879 | ULTRA-THIN STRUCTURE TO PROTECT COPPER AND METHOD OF PREPARATION - Methods of depositing thin, low dielectric constant layers that are effective diffusion barriers on metal interconnects of semiconductor circuits are described. A self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of molecules each having a head moiety and a tail moiety are deposited on the metal. The SAM molecules self-align, wherein the head moiety is formulated to selectively bond to the metal layer leaving the tail moiety disposed at a distal end of the molecule. A dielectric layer is subsequently deposited on the SAM, chemically bonding to the tail moiety of the SAM molecules. | 05-28-2015 |
20150162214 | Methods Of Selective Layer Deposition - Provided are methods for selective deposition. Certain methods describe providing a first substrate surface; providing a second substrate surface; depositing a first layer of film over the first and second substrate surfaces, wherein the deposition has an incubation delay over the second substrate surface such that the first layer of film over the first substrate surface is thicker than the first layer of film deposited over the second substrate surface; and etching the first layer of film over the first and second substrate surfaces, wherein the first layer of film over the second substrate surface is at least substantially removed, but the first layer of film over the first substrate is only partially removed. | 06-11-2015 |
20150275364 | Cyclic Spike Anneal Chemical Exposure For Low Thermal Budget Processing - Provided are apparatus and methods for the sequential deposition and annealing of a film within a single processing chamber. An energy source positioned within the processing chamber in an area isolated from process gases can be used to rapidly form and decompose a film on the substrate without damaging underlying layers due to exceeding the thermal budget of the device being formed. | 10-01-2015 |
20160040040 | Slurry for Selective Chemical Mechanical Polishing of Copper - A slurry for selective chemical mechanical polishing of a copper layer is disclosed. The slurry includes either porous zeolite abrasive particles of substantially homogeneous composition having an average pore diameter of approximately 0.1-6 nanometers or hexagonal boron nitride abrasive particles. The slurry also includes an organic complexing compound that is 0.1-25 wt. % of the slurry, an oxidizer that is 0.1-10 wt. % of the slurry, and a solvent. A chemical mechanical polishing method for using the slurry is also disclosed. | 02-11-2016 |
20160043319 | ACTIVELY-ALIGNED FINE METAL MASK - The embodiments described herein generally relate to active alignment of a fine metal mask. The fine metal mask is connected with a frame through a plurality of microactuators. The microactuators can act on the fine metal mask to stretch the mask, reposition the mask or both. In this way, the position and size of the fine metal mask can be maintained in relation to the substrate. | 02-11-2016 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110305325 | TEMPLATE-BASED ELECTRONIC MESSAGE GENERATION USING SOUND INPUT - A unified messaging system enables a subscriber to log into the system remotely and compose and send text messages, such as email messages, using predefined templates and sound input. The sound input may be DTMF or speech. After the subscriber selects an appropriate template, the system confirms the template, and asks the subscriber to provide values for prompted variables, such as dates and times. The system then generates an email message as defined by the selected template and the values of the prompted variables provided by the subscriber. The email message may also include automatic variables, such as the subscriber's name, and company name. The generated email message may be a new message, a reply message, or a forwarding message. The reply and forwarding messages may be generated in response to received email, or in response to other received messages, such as voice mail messages and facsimiles. | 12-15-2011 |
20150163335 | MESSAGING SYSTEMS AND METHODS - Apparatus, methods, and machine-readable articles of manufacture improve reliability and scalability of a messaging system. In some embodiments, the system's configuration data and subscriber information are stored in a central repository of a core node, and replicated to one or more non-core nodes. Data replication may be performed in real-time or near real-time, periodically, sporadically, or otherwise. Nodes may rely on the replicated data to provide the system's subscribers and outside callers with services that do not involve updating of configuration or subscriber data. In this way, the non-core nodes may continue to process calls when the core node is unavailable. For example, the non-core nodes can route calls to the appropriate subscribers without relying on the core. As another example, the non-core nodes can take messages from callers when the core node is unavailable. The messages may be queued for posting and delivery when the core node becomes available. | 06-11-2015 |