Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080204742 | Method and System for Optimizing Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering - A substrate for enhanced electromagnetic spectroscopy of an analyte comprises a solid support and a plurality of individual nanoparticles affixed thereto, wherein the nanoparticles are designed to have an increased electromagnetic field strength and/or plasmon resonance frequency that is between the frequency of an incident electromagnetic radiation and the frequency of the Raman response from the analyte and wherein the Raman response is enhanced by the individual nanoparticles. The nanoparticles may comprise a shell surrounding a core and the thicknesses of the core and the shell are selected to produce a plasmon resonance frequency. The wavelength of the incident radiation may be between 200 nm and 20 microns. A method for carrying out spectroscopy comprises providing a light source having a frequency different from that of the analyte, selecting a nanoshell configuration, providing a plurality of nanoshells with that configuration, and affixing the nanoparticles to a support. | 08-28-2008 |
20100022020 | Compositions for surface enhanced infrared absorption spectra and methods of using same - A composition comprising a substrate and at least one adsorbate associated with the substrate wherein the composition has an enhanced infrared absorption spectra. A method comprising tuning a nanoparticle to display a plasmon resonance in the infrared, associating an adsorbate with the nanoparticle to form an adsorbate associated nanoparticle, and aggregating the adsorbate associated nanoparticle. A method of preparing a SERS-SEIRA composition comprising fabricating a nanoparticle substrate, functionalizing the nanoparticle substrate to form a functionalized substrate, dispersing the functionalized substrate in solution to form a dispersed functionalized substrate, and associating the dispersed functionalized substrate with a medium. | 01-28-2010 |
20100028680 | Nonconcentric nanoshells and methods of making and using same - A nanoparticle comprising a shell surrounding a core material with a lower conductivity than the shell material, wherein the core center is offset in relation to the shell center. A method comprising providing a nanoparticle comprising a nonconductive core and a conductive shell, and asymmetrically depositing additional conductive material on the conductive shell. A method comprising providing a concentric nanoshell having a core and a shell, immobilizing the concentric nanoshell onto a support, and asymmetrically depositing a conductive material onto the shell to produce a nanoegg. | 02-04-2010 |
20100040549 | Composition for Targeted Drug Delivery and Controlled Release - Disclosed herein are novel targeted drug delivery and controlled release methods and compositions where optically absorbing nanoparticles, such as nanoshells, are functionalized on their surfaces with thermolabile molecules that bind the drug molecules to be delivered. The linkage between the thermolabile moiety on the nanoparticles and the drug is deliberately designed or selected to be temperature sensitive, so that upon illumination of the nanoparticle at a wavelength of light, the drug molecules on the nanoparticles will be released. Targeting molecules, such as antibodies, aptamers or other molecules like folic acid, can be concurrently bound to the nanoparticle surface to deliver the nanoparticle to specifically targeted cells or tissues prior to the photothermally induced drug release. In this way the nanoparticles can be advantageously concentrated on the target prior to illumination, which makes the disclosed compositions both a targeted delivery and a controllable drug release vehicle. | 02-18-2010 |
20110065946 | FLUORINATED NANODIAMOND AS A PRECURSOR FOR SOLID SUBSTRATE SURFACE COATING USING WET CHEMISTRY - The present invention is directed to nanodiamond (ND) surface coatings and methods of making same. Such coatings are formed by a covalent linkage of ND crystals to a particular surface via linker species. The methods described herein overcome many of the limitations of the prior art in that they can be performed with standard wet chemistry (i.e., solution-based) methods, thereby permitting low temperature processing. Additionally, such coatings can potentially be applied on a large scale and for coating large areas of a variety of different substrates. | 03-17-2011 |
20110158915 | NANOSHELLS WITH TARGETED ENHANCEMENT OF MAGNETIC AND OPTICAL IMAGING AND PHOTOTHERMAL THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE - A particle and a method of manufacturing a particle that includes a complex, a paramagnetic entity, and a silica layer that encapsulates the paramagnetic entity and the complex. The dielectric layer of the particle encapsulates the complex and the paramagnetic entity such that at least a portion of an outer surface of the complex is covered by the paramagnetic entity. In addition, the particle may or may not include a fluorescent entity encapsulated within the dielectric layer. Also, the particle may or may not include a targeting entity covalently bonded to the silica layer. | 06-30-2011 |
20120153621 | COOLING SYSTEMS AND HYBRID A/C SYSTEMS USING AN ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION-ABSORBING COMPLEX - A method for powering a cooling unit. The method including applying electromagnetic (EM) radiation to a complex, where the complex absorbs the EM radiation to generate heat, transforming, using the heat generated by the complex, a fluid to vapor, and sending the vapor from the vessel to a turbine coupled to a generator by a shaft, where the vapor causes the turbine to rotate, which turns the shaft and causes the generator to generate the electric power, wherein the electric powers supplements the power needed to power the cooling unit. | 06-21-2012 |
20120155841 | GENERATING A HEATED FLUID USING AN ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION-ABSORBING COMPLEX - A vessel including a concentrator configured to concentrate electromagnetic (EM) radiation received from an EM radiation source and a complex configured to absorb EM radiation to generate heat. The vessel is configured to receive a cool fluid from the cool fluid source, concentrate the EM radiation using the concentrator, apply the EM radiation to the complex, and transform, using the heat generated by the complex, the cool fluid to the heated fluid. The complex is at least one of consisting of copper nanoparticles, copper oxide nanoparticles, nanoshells, nanorods, carbon moieties, encapsulated nanoshells, encapsulated nanoparticles, and branched nanostructures. Further, the EM radiation is at least one of EM radiation in an ultraviolet region of an electromagnetic spectrum, in a visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in an infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. | 06-21-2012 |
20120156102 | WASTE REMEDIATION - A system including a steam generation system and a chamber. The steam generation system includes a complex and the steam generation system is configured to receive water, concentrate electromagnetic (EM) radiation received from an EM radiation source, apply the EM radiation to the complex, where the complex absorbs the EM radiation to generate heat, and transform, using the heat generated by the complex, the water to steam. The chamber is configured to receive the steam and an object, wherein the object is of medical waste, medical equipment, fabric, and fecal matter. | 06-21-2012 |
20120178181 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR LABEL-FREE DETECTION OF DNA HYBRIDIZATION - A device and method for detecting the hybridization of an unmodified target deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule including exposing a Raman substrate to the unmodified target DNA molecule, where the unmodified target DNA molecule is a complementary DNA molecule to a thiol-terminated probe DNA molecule covalently linked to the Raman substrate. Also, the thiol-terminated probe DNA molecule includes an adenine analog substituted for adenine. The hybridization of the unmodified target DNA molecule to the thiol-terminated probe DNA molecule is detected by measuring a Raman spectroscopic response of the Raman substrate. | 07-12-2012 |
20120267893 | ELECTRICITY GENERATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION - In general, in one aspect, the invention relates to a system to create vapor for generating electric power. The system includes a vessel comprising a fluid and a complex and a turbine. The vessel of the system is configured to concentrate EM radiation received from an EM radiation source. The vessel of the system is further configured to apply the EM radiation to the complex, where the complex absorbs the EM radiation to generate heat. The vessel of the system is also configured to transform, using the heat generated by the complex, the fluid to vapor. The vessel of the system is further configured to sending the vapor to a turbine. The turbine of the system is configured to receive, from the vessel, the vapor used to generate the electric power. | 10-25-2012 |
20130299933 | PLASMON INDUCED HOT CARRIER DEVICE, METHOD FOR USING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - In general, the invention relates to a unit that includes a semiconductor and a plasmonic material disposed on the semiconductor, where a potential barrier is formed between the plasmonic material and the semiconductor. The unit further includes an insulator disposed on the semiconductor and adjacent to the plasmonic material and a transparent conductor disposed on the plasmonic material, where, upon illumination, the plasmonic material is excited resulting the excitation of an electron with sufficient energy to overcome the potential barrier. | 11-14-2013 |
20130306463 | PURIFYING A FLUID USING A HEAT CARRIER COMPRISING AN ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION-ABSORBING COMPLEX - In general, the invention relates to a system. The system includes a heating fluid vessel ( | 11-21-2013 |
20130334104 | DISTILLING A CHEMICAL MIXTURE USING AN ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION-ABSORBING COMPLEX FOR HEATING - A method of distilling a chemical mixture, the method including receiving, in a vessel comprising a complex, the chemical mixture comprising a plurality of fluid elements, applying electromagnetic (EM) radiation to the complex, wherein the complex absorbs the EM radiation to generate heat at a first temperature, transforming, using the heat generated by the complex, a first fluid element of the plurality of fluid elements of the chemical mixture to a first vapor element, and extracting the first vapor element from the vessel, where the complex is at least one selected from a group consisting of copper nanoparticles, copper oxide nanoparticles, nanoshells, nanorods, carbon moieties, encapsulated nanoshells, encapsulated nanoparticles, and branched nanostructures. | 12-19-2013 |
20140264026 | CROSS ANTENNAS FOR SURFACE-ENHANCED INFRARED ABSORPTION (SEIRA) SPECTROSCOPY OF CHEMICAL MOIETIES - A device for Surface Enhanced Infrared Absorption (SEIRA) that includes at least one pair of metallic antennas deposited on a substrate, wherein the pair of metallic antennas are collinear. The length, width, and height of the metallic antenna determines an infrared absorption of the pair of metallic antennas. The device also includes a gap located between the pair of metallic antennas. A chemical moiety is disposed on at least a portion of the metallic antennas such that the infrared absorption of the chemical moiety is enhanced by the at least one pair of metallic antennas. | 09-18-2014 |