Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090140671 | MATCHING A RESONANT FREQUENCY OF A RESONANT CAVITY TO A FREQUENCY OF AN INPUT VOLTAGE - A synchrocyclotron includes magnetic structures that define a resonant cavity, a source to provide particles to the resonant cavity, a voltage source to provide radio frequency (RF) voltage to the resonant cavity, a phase detector to detect a difference in phase between the RF voltage and a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity that changes over time, and a control circuit, responsive to the difference in phase, to control the voltage source so that a frequency of the RF voltage substantially matches the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity. | 06-04-2009 |
20140091734 | Control System for a Particle Accelerator - An example particle therapy system includes a particle accelerator to output a particle beam, where the particle accelerator includes: a particle source to provide pulses of ionized plasma to a cavity, where each pulse of the particle source has a pulse width corresponding to a duration of operation of the particle source to produce the corresponding pulse, and where the particle beam is based on the pulses of ionized plasma; and a modulator wheel having different thicknesses, where each thickness extends across a different circumferential length of the modulator wheel, and where the modulator wheel is arranged to receive a precursor to the particle beam and is configured to create a spread-out Bragg peak for the particle beam | 04-03-2014 |
20140094638 | CONTROLLING INTENSITY OF A PARTICLE BEAM - In an example, a synchrocyclotron includes a particle source to provide pulses of ionized plasma to a cavity; a voltage source to provide a radio frequency (RF) voltage to the cavity to accelerate particles from the plasma column outwardly; and an extraction channel to receive a beam of particles from the cavity for output from the particle accelerator. The particle source is configured to control pulse widths of the ionized plasma in order to control an intensity of the beam of particles. This example synchrocyclotron may include one or more of the following features, either alone or in combination. | 04-03-2014 |
20140094643 | Controlling Particle Therapy - An example particle therapy system includes the following: a gantry that is rotatable relative to a patient position; a particle accelerator mounted to the gantry, where the particle accelerator is for outputting a particle beam essentially directly to the patient position; and a control system to receive a prescription and to generate machine instructions for configuring one or more operational characteristics of the particle therapy system. At least one of the operational characteristics relates to a rotational angle of the gantry relative to the patient position. | 04-03-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080227999 | Heterogeneous Supported Catalytic Carbamate Process - A process for the preparation of aromatic carbamates comprising contacting one or more organic carbonates with an aromatic amine or urea in the presence of a catalyst and recovering the resulting aromatic carbamate product, characterized in that the catalyst is a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a Group 12-15 metal compound supported on a substrate. | 09-18-2008 |
20110021802 | PROCESS FOR SELECTIVE, PARTIAL, SUBSTANTIALLY SOLVENT-FREE, OXIDATION OF METHANE TO METHANOL AND/OR A METHANOL DERIVATIVE WITH A HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST AND SULFUR TRIOXIDE - The present invention relates to selective partial oxidation of methane in the absence of a solvent such as sulfuric acid or oleum. | 01-27-2011 |
20110060168 | IMPROVED HYDROGENATION PROCESS - The present invention provides an improved hydrogenation processes wherein heat is efficiently managed so that catalyst productivity is optimized. More particularly, in the processes of the present invention, a nonaqueous solvent is added to a reactant to provide a nonaqueous solvent/reactant mixture that can act as a heat sink and absorb at least a portion of the heat generated within the reactor. Desirably, a reaction product, or a solvent with a minimal number of hydroxyl groups, is utilized so that the formation of unwanted byproducts can be minimized. | 03-10-2011 |
20110144368 | PRODUCTION OF MIXTURES OF METHYLENEDIANILINE AND ITS HIGHER HOMOLOGUES USING CALCINED METAL OXIDE-SILICA CATALYSTS - The present disclosure relates to compositions, systems, and methods of forming an amine (e.g., methylenedianiline (MDA)) using an acid catalyst including, for example, a metal oxide-silica catalyst calcined at temperature(s) of about ≧500° C. to form a solid acid silica-metal oxide catalyst. A metal oxide of a solid acid silica-metal oxide catalyst may comprise alumina. A process for making a solid acid silica-metal oxide catalyst may comprise calcining an amorphous alumina-silica material at temperature(s) of about ≧500° C. and/or under an anhydrous and/or inert atmosphere. A rearrangement reaction of the condensation product of aniline and formaldehyde in the presence of a solid acid silica-metal oxide catalyst may yield more MDA and/or more desirable isomer(s) of MDA than reactions performed with a corresponding catalyst calcined at temperature(s) of less than 500° C. | 06-16-2011 |
20120116122 | PROCESS FOR THE CONVERSION OF ALIPHATIC CYCLIC AMINES TO ALIPHATIC DIAMINES - The instant invention is a process for the conversion of aliphatic cyclic amines to aliphatic diamines. The process for conversion of aliphatic cyclic amines to aliphatic diamines comprises the steps of: (1) selecting one or more cyclic amines; (2) contacting said one or more cyclic amines with ammonia and hydrogen, optionally water, and optionally one or more solvents in the presence of one or more heterogeneous metal based catalyst systems at a temperature in the range of from 120° C. to about 250° C. and a pressure in the range of from 700 to 3500 psig for a period in the range of at least one hour or more in one or more reactor systems; (3) forming a product mixture comprising one or more aliphatic diamine, optionally a portion of said one or more cyclic amines, optionally a portion of said ammonia, optionally a portion of said hydrogen, optionally water, and optionally a portion of said one or more solvents; (4) removing said product mixture from the reactor system; (5) removing at least a portion of said portion of ammonia, said portion of hydrogen, or mixture thereof from said product mixture via distillation; (6) removing at least a portion of said portion of water via distillation; (7) removing at least a portion of said portion of one or more optional solvents via distillation; (8) removing at least a portion of said portion of one or more cyclic amines; (9) thereby separating said one or more aliphatic diamines from said product mixture; and (10) thereby converting said one or more cyclic amines to one or more aliphatic diamines. | 05-10-2012 |
20120116124 | PROCESS FOR REDUCTIVE AMINATION OF ALIPHATIC CYANOALDEHYDES TO ALIPHATIC DIAMINES - The instant invention provides a process for reductive amination of aliphatic cyanoaldehydes to aliphatic diamines, and aliphatic diamines produced via such method. The process for reductive amination of aliphatic cyanoaldehydes to aliphatic diamines comprises the steps of: (1) providing a mixture of one or more cycloaliphatic cyanoaldehydes, optionally water, and optionally one or more solvents, wherein said one or more cycloaliphatic cyanoaldehydes are selected from the group consisting of 1,3-cyanocyclohexane carboxaldehyde, 1,4-cyanocyclohexane carboxaldehyde, mixtures thereof, and combinations thereof; (2) contacting said mixture with a metal carbonate based solid bed or a weak base anion exchange resin bed at a temperature in the range of 15 to 40° C. for a period of at least 1 minute or more, for example 5 minutes or more; (3) thereby treating said mixture, wherein said treated mixture has a pH in the range of 6 to 9; (4) feeding said treated mixture, hydrogen, and ammonia into a continuous reductive amination reactor system; (6) contacting said treated mixture, hydrogen, and ammonia with each other in the presence of one or more heterogeneous metal based catalyst systems at a temperature in the range of from 80° C. to about 160° C. and a pressure in the range of from 700 to 3500 psig; (7) thereby producing one or more cycloaliphatic diamines, wherein said one or more cycloaliphatic diamines are diamines selected from the group consisting of 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane, 1,4-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane, combinations thereof, and mixtures thereof. | 05-10-2012 |
20120136173 | PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF CATALYST SYSTEMS FOR REDUCTIVE AMINATION OF ALIPHATIC CYANOALDEHYDES TO ALIPHATIC DIAMINES - The instant invention provides a process for improving catalytic activity of catalyst systems for reductive amination of aliphatic cyanoaldehydes to aliphatic diamines. The process for improving catalytic activity of catalyst systems for reductive amination of aliphatic cyanoaldehydes to aliphatic diamines comprises the steps of: (1) feeding ammonia, optionally hydrogen, and optionally one or more solvents over one or more heterogeneous metal based catalyst systems having a reduced catalytic activity for a period of greater than 1 hour at a temperature in the range of from 50° C. to 500° C.; wherein said one or more heterogeneous metal based catalyst systems have a yield of less than 90 percent based on the molar conversion of cyanoaldehydes to diamines; and (2) thereby improving the catalytic activity of said one or more heterogeneous metal based catalyst systems. | 05-31-2012 |
20130345467 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING TEREPHTHALIC ACID AND TEREPHTHALIC ESTERS - The present invention generally relates to a condensed process for producing terephthalic acid and terephthalic esters from a dialkyl cyclohexane-2,5-di-one-1,4-dicarboxylate; a chemoselective process for preparing a substantially bicyclic-lactone-free dialkyl cyclohexane-2,5-diol-1,4-dicarboxylate; and compositions of matter prepared thereby. | 12-26-2013 |
20140161703 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF SODIUM BOROHYDRIDE and diphenyl oxide - A process for production of an alkali metal borohydride. The process comprises three steps. The first step is combining a phenyl ester of a boric acid ester precursor with a compound of formula MAlH | 06-12-2014 |