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| 20110191832 | RESCUING TRUSTED NODES FROM FILTERING OF UNTRUSTED NETWORK ENTITIES - Network entities controlling a set of nodes may vary by trustworthiness, such as tolerance for nodes that send spam, distribute malware, or perform denial-of-service attacks. A device receiving such activities may identify a trust rating of the network entity and apply appropriately stringent filtering (such as spam evaluation) to activities received from nodes controlled by the network entity. However, a poor trust rating of a network entity may subject a legitimate node controlled by the network entity to inefficiently or unfairly stringent activity filtering. Instead, the device may evaluate the activities of a particular node, assign a trust rating to the node, and if the trust rating of the node is higher than the trust rating of the network entity, apply less stringent activity filtering to the activities of the node, thereby “rescuing” the node from the more stringent activity filtering applied to the other nodes of the network entity. | 08-04-2011 |
| 20110191847 | ACTIVITY FILTERING BASED ON TRUST RATINGS OF NETWORK ENTITIES - The filtering of activities generated by nodes of a network while interacting with a device may be performed by evaluating the desirability of the activities (e.g., a spam or not-spam determination of email messages sent by the node) and assigning a trust rating to the node. However, nodes are often identified by network address, and an operator of a node sending undesirable activities may reassign the network address of the node in order to avoid heavy filtering. Instead, nodes may be identified as being controlled by a network entity (e.g., an autonomous system identified in a border gateway protocol routing table.) The network entity is assigned a network entity trust rating based on the trust ratings of the nodes controlled thereby, and an appropriate level of activity filtering based on the network entity trust rating may be selected for subsequent activities received from all nodes controlled by the network entity. | 08-04-2011 |
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| 20100174788 | HONORING USER PREFERENCES IN EMAIL SYSTEMS - In a distributed email system, user preferences respected more effectively by presenting messages marked for deletion to secondary messaging servers having access to user preferences. Messages marked for deletion by inbound servers are presented to secondary level servers having access to user white lists and the choice of whether to delete the suspect message is made by the secondary server. | 07-08-2010 |
| 20100175103 | REACTIVE THROTTLING OF INBOUND MESSAGES AND RANGES - A method for throttling inbound email messages in an enterprise email system including a plurality of inbound mail servers and at least one management server is provided. Policies defining message event limits for each unique sender are applied to messaging events from the unique sender at each inbound server. Feedback from each of the inbound mail servers to the management server is provided. When events from a unique sender exceed a threshold, as determined by the management server using the feedback, an alert is generated and a new, more restrictive policy for the unique sender is created. The more restrictive policy is broadcast the more restrictive policy to each of the inbound mail servers. | 07-08-2010 |
| 20100205259 | EMAIL MANAGEMENT BASED ON USER BEHAVIOR - Methods for assisting email users manage email messages received in an email account. An event is triggered by an action performed by an email user with respect to an email message in an email account. The event identifies an entity associated with the email message (e.g., sender address, domain, keyword, etc.). A determination is made whether to assist the user manage their email based on a heuristic. The heuristic assigns weights based on prior events associated with the same entity to determine whether the user is interested in receiving emails from the sender. Based on the heuristics, the method may add the sender to the user's block-list or unsubscribe the user from a mailing list. | 08-12-2010 |
| 20100332601 | REAL-TIME SPAM LOOK-UP SYSTEM - A system and method of managing unsolicited email sent to an email system over a network. Email messages are received at an message at an inbound mail transfer agent. A determination is made as to whether the email message is suspected to be an unsolicited suspect message. One or more queries for additional information on one or more characteristics of the message is initiated. Determinations are made based on replies to the queries before issuing a message accepted for delivery indication to a sending server. | 12-30-2010 |
| 20110246583 | Delaying Inbound And Outbound Email Messages - A computer implemented system and method to enable protection of email users from unsolicited bulk email using a message delivery delay based on characteristics detected in selected messages. Messages are evaluated for characteristics resembling unsolicited bulk email. A determination is made whether a message passing through the email system exhibits such characteristics and whether to delay the message. Suspect messages may be delayed for a period of time, the delay period being dependent on the characteristics giving rise to a determination to delay. Following the period, additional information received during the delay period characterizing the message is used to determine whether to dispose or deliver the message. Messages evaluated can be inbound to the email system, outbound to other email systems, or moving within the email system. | 10-06-2011 |
| 20110246584 | Personalized Email Interactions Applied To Global Filtering - A computer implemented method for filtering unwanted bulk email in an email system and providing a positive user experience is provided. The method enables protection of email users from unsolicited bulk email using user-provided data on user interactions at both a user storage level and a global level with an email system. Metadata on user interactions with messages is collected. Messages are received by the system and evaluated using a global filter which assigns a score resulting in a message action. The action may be message delivery, message non-delivery or message routing, based on a score assigned by the global filter. When the message is delivered to user storage, the message may be examined relative to the metadata, and may alter the message action to an action different than the message action resulting from the score. Metadata for a plurality of users is returned to the global filter for use in making filtering future messages and modifies the global filter. | 10-06-2011 |
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| 20090135416 | Parametric Profiling Using Optical Spectroscopic Systems - A gallery of seed profiles is constructed and the initial parameter values associated with the profiles are selected using manufacturing process knowledge of semiconductor devices. Manufacturing process knowledge may also be used to select the best seed profile and the best set of initial parameter values as the starting point of an optimization process whereby data associated with parameter values of the profile predicted by a model is compared to measured data in order to arrive at values of the parameters. Film layers over or under the periodic structure may also be taken into account. Different radiation parameters such as the reflectivities R | 05-28-2009 |
| 20090195779 | SYSTEM FOR SCATTEROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AND APPLICATIONS - Instead of constructing a full multi-dimensional look-up-table as a model to find the critical dimension or other parameters in scatterometry, regression or other optimized estimation methods are employed starting from a “best guess” value of the parameter. Eigenvalues of models that are precalculated may be stored and reused later for other structures having certain common characteristics to save time. The scatterometric data that is used to find the value of the one or more parameter can be limited to those at wavelengths that are less sensitive to the underlying film characteristics. A model for a three-dimensional grating may be constructed by slicing a representative structure into a stack of slabs and creating an array of rectangular blocks to approximate each slab. One dimensional boundary problems may be solved for each block which are then matched to find a two-dimensional solution for the slab. A three-dimensional solution can then be constructed from the two-dimensional solutions for the slabs to yield the diffraction efficiencies of the three-dimensional grating. This model can then be used for finding the one or more parameters of the diffracting structure in scatterometry. Line roughness of a surface can be measured by directing a polarized incident beam in an incident plane normal to the line grating and measuring the cross-polarization coefficient. The value of the one or more parameters may then be supplied to a stepper or etcher to adjust a lithographic or etching process. | 08-06-2009 |
| 20100116325 | HIGH EFFICIENCY SOLAR PANEL AND SYSTEM - Disclosed is a photovoltaic solar panel with improved efficiency and the output of such panel can be AC. The panel can comprise a hermetically sealed space which comprises a first sheet, multiple energy conversion cells divided into groups, an access matrix and a second sheet. The access matrix can provide electrical access to individual or groups of energy conversion cells from locations outside the panel. Through the access matrix, a power module can be connected to individual energy conversion cells or groups of the cells to optimize the power generation efficiency. Also disclosed are method of making such a panel. Further disclosed is a photovoltaic power generation system comprising at least one such photovoltaic solar panel. | 05-13-2010 |
| 20100271621 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETERMINING A CRITICAL DIMENSION AND OVERLAY OF A SPECIMEN - Methods and systems for monitoring semiconductor fabrication processes are provided. A system may include a stage configured to support a specimen and coupled to a measurement device. The measurement device may include an illumination system and a detection system. The illumination system and the detection system may be configured such that the system may be configured to determine multiple properties of the specimen. For example, the system may be configured to determine multiple properties of a specimen including: but not limited to, critical dimension and overlay misregistration; defects and thin film characteristics; critical dimension and defects; critical dimension and thin film characteristics; critical dimension, thin film characteristics and defects; macro defects and micro defects; flatness, thin film characteristics and defects; overlay misregistration and flatness; an implant characteristic and defects; and adhesion and thickness. In this manner, a measurement device may perform multiple optical and/or non-optical metrology and/or inspection techniques. | 10-28-2010 |
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| 20090052776 | COLOR CORRECTION APPARATUS, METHOD AND COMPUTER PROGRAM - The present invention relates to color correction of video signals from a plurality of cameras. The apparatus has a correction order that defines a plurality of camera pairs and an order of the camera pairs, where each camera pair specifies a reference camera and a target camera. In the correction order, each camera is treated as a target camera at least one time, and the reference camera is treated as the target camera in a previous camera pair except for the first camera pair. The apparatus corrects a value of each pixel in a target image captured by the target camera based on a reference image captured by the reference camera, and replaces the target image by the corrected target image, for each camera pair in accordance with the order of the camera pairs. | 02-26-2009 |
| 20090110299 | APPARATUS, METHOD AND COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR CLASSIFYING PIXELS IN A MOTION PICTURE AS FOREGROUND OR BACKGROUND - The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for classifying pixels in each frame of a motion picture as foreground or background. According to the invention, the apparatus has a decision unit and adjustment unit. The decision unit classifies a pixel as a foreground pixel, a background pixel or an undefined pixel based on a first threshold, a second threshold and a distribution value of the pixel representing an occurrence probability of a pixel value of the pixel. The decision unit sorts each pixel into a foreground pixel or a background pixel based on the classification result of the decision unit. | 04-30-2009 |
| 20090219396 | CALIBRATION APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR IMAGING DEVICES AND COMPUTER PROGRAM - The present invention relates to calibration of camera parameters for converting a world coordinate system, which indicates a position in the real space, to a coordinate used in an image and vice versa. The apparatus according to the invention has a detection unit, which determines corresponding pixel pairs from the captured image and the model image and outputs corresponding data indicating determined pixel pairs, and a selection unit, which selects pixel pairs to be left in the corresponding data and removes data related to an unselected pixel pair from the corresponding data for generating selected corresponding data. The apparatus further has a calculation unit, which calculates camera parameters based on the selected corresponding data. | 09-03-2009 |
| 20100074468 | IMAGE GENERATING APPARATUS AND COMPUTER PROGRAM - The present invention relate to an image generating apparatus for generating an image from a viewpoint specified by a user. According to the invention, the apparatus has a storage unit that stores data of a plurality of images, and a disparity map generating unit that generates a disparity map. The disparity map is associated with a pair of images including a first image and a second image, and indicates corresponding pixels in the first and second images. | 03-25-2010 |
| 20100166296 | METHOD AND PROGRAM FOR EXTRACTING SILHOUETTE IMAGE AND METHOD AND PROGRAM FOR CONSTRUCTING THREE DIMENSIONAL MODEL - A present invention provides a method and a program for extracting the high accuracy silhouette by relatively simple process not using manual labor or special photography environment. A method for extracting the high accuracy silhouette comprises: extracting a number of first silhouettes from a number of object images and a number of background images by a background subtraction; constructing first visual hull from a number of the first silhouettes by a shape from silhouette method; constructing second visual hull by process to repair missed parts and/or to remove unwanted regions in first visual hull; and extracting a number of second silhouettes from the second visual hull. | 07-01-2010 |
| 20100253682 | IMAGE GENERATING APPARATUS AND COMPUTER PROGRAM - The present invention relates to an image generating apparatus for generating an image from a viewpoint specified by a user. According to the invention, the apparatus has a storage unit that stores a plurality of pre-images from viewpoints on predetermined lines and depth maps indicating a depth value of each pixel of a corresponding pre-image, and an image generating unit that generates a first image from a first viewpoint based on the pre-images and depth maps. | 10-07-2010 |
| 20100254627 | IMAGE PROCESSING APPARATUS AND C0MPUTER PROGRAM - The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus for compressing image data used in an image generating apparatus for generating a free-viewpoint image. According to the invention, the apparatus has a selecting unit that selects one image as a first image, and defines other images as second images, a projective transformation unit that generates a projected depth map of a second image from a depth map of the first image, a subtracting unit that creates a difference map of the second image, and a storage unit that stores the depth map of the first image and the difference map of the second image. Here, the difference map is a difference between a depth map of the second image and the projected depth map of the second image, and the depth map indicates a depth value of each pixel of a corresponding image. | 10-07-2010 |
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| 20080269119 | Ophthalmic Device and Related Methods and Compositions - Devices, methods, and compositions for improving vision or treating diseases, disorders or injury of the eye are described. Ophthalmic devices, such as corneal onlays, corneal inlays, and full-thickness corneal implants, are made of a material that is effective in facilitating nerve growth through or over the device. The material may include an amount of collagen greater than 1% (w/w), such as between about 10% (w/w) and about 30% (w/w). The material may include collagen polymers and/or a second biopolymer or water-soluble synthetic polymer cross-linked using EDC/NHS chemistry. The material may additionally comprise a synthetic polymer. The devices are placed into an eye to correct or improve the vision of an individual or to treat a disease, disorder or injury of an eye of an individual. | 10-30-2008 |
| 20080317818 | Interpenetrating Networks, and Related Methods and Compositions - The present invention provides interpenetrating polymeric networks (IPNs), and related methods and compositions. The hydrogel material of this invention comprises an interpenetrating network of two or more polymer networks, wherein at least one of the polymer networks is based on a biopolymer. Also provided is a method of producing the hydrogel material comprising, combining a first polymeric network with a second polymeric network, wherein the first polymeric network or the second polymeric network is based on a biopolymer. The present application also discloses devices manufactured from the IPN hydrogel material and uses thereof. | 12-25-2008 |
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| 20090175573 | Photonic Integrated Circuits having Chirped Elements - Consistent with the present disclosure, optical devices are provided along different optical paths in a photonic integrated circuit (PIC). The optical components have different optical losses associated therewith so that optical signals propagating in the optical paths have desired power levels, which may be uniform, for example. | 07-09-2009 |
| 20090220235 | THREE-ARM DQPSK MODULATOR - A modulator is disclosed that includes three arms between a splitter portion and a coupler portion. The modulator typically requires at most a π/2 phase shift between constellation points. Accordingly, the modulator is more efficient and consumes less power. | 09-03-2009 |
| 20090245796 | OPTICAL RECEIVER INCLUDING A FILTER ON A PLANAR LIGHTWAVE CIRCUIT - A planar lightwave circuit (PLC) includes a substrate, a tunable filter, a demultiplexer (DEMUX), and an optical processor each disposed on the substrate. The tunable filter is configured to filter at least one of a bandwidth or a wavelength of a Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) optical input signal. The DEMUX is connected to the tunable filter and configured to receive a filtered WDM optical input signal at an input and to supply one of a plurality of channels of the filtered WDM input signal at a respective one of a plurality of outputs. Each of the plurality of channels corresponds to one of a plurality of wavelengths of the filtered WDM input signal. The optical processor includes a bit-delay interferometer communicating with a respective one of the plurality of outputs of the DEMUX. The optical processor is configured to receive one of the plurality of channels from the DEMUX and output a plurality of demodulated optical signal components. | 10-01-2009 |
| 20090245801 | RECEIVER ON A PHOTONIC IC - An optical receiver includes a first substrate including a demultiplexer and a first optical waveguide array. An input of the demultiplexer is configured to receive a wavelength division multiplexed optical input signal having a plurality of channels. Each of the plurality of channels corresponds to one of a plurality of wavelengths. Each of the plurality of outputs is configured to supply a corresponding one of the plurality of channels. The first optical waveguide array has a plurality of inputs. Each of the inputs of the first optical waveguide array is configured to receive a corresponding one of the plurality of channels. A second substrate is in signal communication with the first substrate and includes an optical detector array. The optical detector array has a plurality of inputs, each of which is configured to receive a corresponding one of the plurality of channels and generate an electrical signal in response thereto. | 10-01-2009 |
| 20100254420 | PHOTONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUIT HAVING VARIABLE LENGTH MACH-ZEHNDER MODULATORS - A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) having multiple Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulators with different lengths is provided. The modulator lengths are selected to provide optimal performance for each optical path provided on the PIC. | 10-07-2010 |
| 20100290790 | TUNABLE PHOTONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS - Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) may include transmit and receive PICs that include individually tunable optical elements. In one implementation, a device may include a number of optical elements that form a number of optical channels. Tuners may be used to modify a property associated with the at least one of the optical elements where the modified properties of the optical elements adjust a frequency grid of the optical channels. | 11-18-2010 |
| 20110293280 | Control of an Interferometric Optical Polarization Beam Splitter - The present invention provides a system, apparatus and method to control an optical polarization beam splitter. A portion of an optical output of the polarization beam splitter is converted into a corresponding electrical signal. The electrical signal is then provided to the polarization beam splitter as a control signal via a feedback loop. The polarization beam splitter controls a characteristic of the optical output of the polarization beam splitter in response to the received control signal. The characteristic, for example, may be controlled through thermo-optically or electro-optically. The control system may be used over a period of time to maintain the characteristic at a desired value, for example as the components of the polarization beam splitter, or other elements used in the control of the polarization beam splitter, age. | 12-01-2011 |
