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Lao

Aili Lao, London CA

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090028850Prolongation of survival of an allograft by inhibiting complement activity - Methods of prolonging survival of allotransplanted cells, tissues or organs are presented. These methods are directed to administering to the allotransplant recipient an inhibitor of complement activity together with one or more immunosuppressants. The inhibitor of complement activity is administered chronically. These methods have been determined to aid in preventing chronic rejection of allografts. These methods can additionally be used in cases in which the recipient has been presensitized to the allograft or in which there is an ABO mismatch between the allograft and the recipient.01-29-2009

Chung-Ren Lao, Taichung County TW

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090321825SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING THE SAME, BIPOLAR-CMOS-DMOS AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING THE SAME - A semiconductor device fabricating method is described. The semiconductor device fabricating method comprises forming an epitaxial layer on a substrate, wherein the epitaxial layer is the same conductive type as the substrate. A first doped region having the different conductive type from the epitaxial layer is formed in the epitaxial layer. An annealing process is performed to diffuse dopants in the first doped region. A second doped region and an adjacent third doped region are formed in the first doped region. The second doped region is a different conductive type from that of the first doped region, and the third doped region is the same conductive type as that of the first doped region. A gate structure is formed on the epitaxial layer covering a portion of the second and the third doped regions.12-31-2009
20120025308METHOD FOR FABRICATING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE, METHOD FOR FABRICATING BIPOLAR-CMOS-DMOS - A semiconductor device fabricating method is described. The semiconductor device fabricating method comprises forming an epitaxial layer on a substrate, wherein the epitaxial layer is the same conductive type as the substrate. A first doped region having the different conductive type from the epitaxial layer is formed in the epitaxial layer. An annealing process is performed to diffuse dopants in the first doped region. A second doped region and an adjacent third doped region are formed in the first doped region. The second doped region is a different conductive type from that of the first doped region, and the third doped region is the same conductive type as that of the first doped region. A gate structure is formed on the epitaxial layer covering a portion of the second and the third doped regions.02-02-2012

Chung-Ren Lao, Taichung City TW

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20120267715HIGH VOLTAGE SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING THE SAME - A high voltage semiconductor device is provided. The device includes a semiconductor substrate having a high voltage well with a first conductivity type therein. A gate structure is disposed on the semiconductor substrate of the high voltage well. A source doped region and a drain doped region are in the high voltage well on both sides of the gate structure, respectively. A lightly doped region with the first conductivity type is between the source and drain doped regions and relatively near to the source doped region. The disclosure also presents a method for fabricating a high voltage semiconductor device.10-25-2012

Guan-Ming Lao, Zhejiang CN

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090056648Protection for Heat Transfer Oil Boiler - A heat transfer oil boiler protection to minimize heat loss and prevent heat transfer oil from deterioration includes a high-level tank disposed with vent and an oil-gas separator connected to the protection with a pipe work; and one or a plurality oil storage unit being connected in series between the high-level tank and the oil-gas separation; oil inlet pipe and oil outlet pipe to and from each oil storage unit being respectively disposed in the upper and the lower parts of the chamber therein; oil inlet pipe opening and oil outlet pipe opening being respectively provided in inverse trapezoid and trapezoid.03-05-2009

Ieng Kin Lao, Singapore SG

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20110193183NANOWIRE SENSOR, NANOWIRE SENSOR ARRAY AND METHOD OF FABRICATING THE SAME - A method of fabricating a sensor comprising a nanowire on a support substrate with a first semiconductor layer arranged on the support substrate is disclosed. The method comprises forming a fin structure from the first semiconductor layer, the fin structure comprising at least two supporting portions and a fin portion arranged there between; oxidizing at least the fin portion of the fin structure thereby forming the nanowire being surrounded by a first layer of oxide; and forming an insulating layer above the supporting portions; wherein the supporting portions and the first insulating layer form a microfluidic channel. A nanowire sensor is also disclosed. The nanowire sensor comprises a support substrate, a semiconducting fin structure arranged on the support substrate, the fin structure comprising at least two semiconducting supporting portions and a nanowire arranged there between; and a first insulating layer on a contact surface of the supporting portions; wherein the supporting portions and the first insulating layer form a microfluidic channel.08-11-2011

Ieng Kin Lao, Taipa MO

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20100195951MULTI-LAYER STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A multi-layer structure and a method for manufacturing the multi-layer structure are provided. The multi-layer structure includes: a waveguide including one or more light coupling regions having a refractive index gradient; at least one organic material based active optical element disposed above the waveguide; wherein the one or more light coupling regions is configured to change characteristics of light propagating in the waveguide; wherein at least one of the one or more light coupling regions is configured to enhance light coupling between the waveguide and the active optical element.08-05-2010
20100195952MULTI-LAYER STRUCTURE - A multi-layer structure is provided. The multi-layer structure includes: a waveguide including a light coupling arrangement, wherein the light coupling arrangement is substantially non-wavelength selective; at least one light source disposed above the waveguide; and at least one photo detector disposed above the waveguide; wherein the at least one light source, the at least one photo detector and the waveguide include organic material, and wherein the waveguide, the light coupling arrangement, the at least one light source and the at least one photo detector are monolithically integrated.08-05-2010
20100196588METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A MULTI-LAYER STRUCTURE - A method of manufacturing a multi-layer structure is provided. The method may include forming a waveguide on a substrate; forming a light coupling arrangement in the waveguide, wherein the light coupling arrangement is substantially non-wavelength selective; forming at least one light source above the waveguide; and forming at least one photo detector above the waveguide. The at least one light source, the at least one photo detector and the waveguide comprise organic material. The waveguide, the light coupling arrangement, the at least one light source and the at least one photo detector are monolithically integrated.08-05-2010
20110026871SENSOR ELEMENT - In an embodiment, a sensor element is provided. The sensor element may include a light input configured to receive input light, a sample chamber configured to accommodate a sample, and at least one polymer waveguide optically coupling the light input with the sample chamber, the at least one polymer waveguide including a first contact portion and a second contact portion, wherein at least a portion of the second contact portion may be arranged in the sample chamber. The second contact portion may include a different structure than the first contact portion so that a change of the light intensity of the input light passing through the second contact portion may be caused due to an interaction between the input light passing through the second contact portion and the sample, wherein the change of the light intensity of the input light passing through the second contact portion may be different from the change of the light intensity of the input light passing through the first contact portion.02-03-2011

Jinming Lao, Shenzhen CN

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20120122445Method and apparatus for reducing mutual interference of multi-carrier - The disclosure discloses a method for reducing mutual interference of multi-carrier, comprising: adjusting the delay of at least one modulation signal; respectively modulating each adjusted modulation signal onto each modulated signal; and comparing the performance indices of modulated signals with set performance indices, wherein the delay of at least one modulation signal is adjusted when the set performance indices are not reached, until the performance indices of modulated signals reach the set performance indices, and each current modulated signal is set as an output signal, or each current modulation signal is set as an input signal when the set performance indices are reached. The disclosure further discloses an apparatus for reducing mutual interface of multi-carrier. The disclosure can improve the performance obviously under the circumstance of arranging the multi-carrier adjacent to each other, and enable the multiple carriers to operate simultaneously in the coverage area of one radio signal, thereby greatly improving the frequency spectrum utilization ratio.05-17-2012
20120129558Method and device for reducing mutual interference for multi-carrier - A method for reducing mutual interference of multi-carrier includes: adjusting the phase of at least one modulated signal; modulating all baseband signals onto respective modulated signals; judging whether all baseband signals can be demodulated correctly, and adjusting the phase of at least one modulated signal when there is any modulated signal which cannot be demodulated correctly, until all the baseband signals can be demodulated correctly; and accepting the current phase value as the phase value of the modulated signal of each baseband signal when all can be demodulated correctly. The present disclosure also discloses a device for reducing mutual interference of multi-carrier. The present disclosure can improve performance obviously under the circumstance of arranging the multi-carrier adjacent to each other, and make multiple carriers operate simultaneously in the same radio signal coverage area, therefore the frequency spectrum utilization ratio is greatly improved.05-24-2012

Jonathan Lao, Clermont-Ferrand FR

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20100278902STRONTIUM DOPED BIOACTIVE GLASSES - The invention relates to bioactive glasses containing or doped with strontium, to a method for preparing the same and to the use thereof in methods for bone repair or reconstruction.11-04-2010

Jun-Hsian Lao, Keelung City TW

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090153769FLAT PANEL DISPLAY AND BACKLIGHT MODULE THEREOF - A flat panel display and backlight module thereof. The backlight module comprises a frame, a flexible printed circuit board, and at least one electrical connection port. The flexible printed circuit board is encircled by the frame. The electrical connection port is disposed on the flexible printed circuit board, connecting the flexible printed circuit board and an external printed circuit board.06-18-2009

Patent applications by Jun-Hsian Lao, Keelung City TW

Leng Kin Lao, Singapore SG

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20110030874LOW TEMPERATURE METHOD OF BONDING SUBSTRATES HAVING AT LEAST ONE SURFACE THAT INCLUDES A LAYER OF SU8 - A method of bonding at least two substrates, each substrate having at least one surface that includes a layer of SU8, said method comprising soft baking at least a portion of the layer of SU8 of the first and second substrates, exposing at least the portion of the layer of SU8 of the first and second substrates to ultraviolet (UV) radiation to cross-link at least the portion of the layer of SU8 of the second substrate to a suitable degree, post exposure baking at least the portion of the layer of SU8 of the first substrate at a temperature greater than or equal to 20 degree Celsius (° C.) and less than or equal to 50 degree Celsius (° C.) to cross-link at least the portion of the layer of SU8 of the first substrate to a suitable degree. The method also includes compressing the portion of the cross-linked layer of SU8 of the first substrate against the portion of the cross-linked layer of SU8 of the second substrate at a suitable starting temperature (T02-10-2011

Lijuan Lao, Guangdong Province CN

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20120120825Method and Base Station for Combined Adjusting Downlink AMC and MIMO Mode - A method and base station for jointly adjusting downlink AMC and MIMO modes. The base station comprises an AMC module, a fast feedback module and a joint adjustment module. The method comprises: a base station determining the current maximum available Downlink Interval Usage Code (DIUC) using a downlink Carrier to Interference plus Noise ratio (CINR) fed back by a terminal, using a MIMO mode fed back by the terminal to determine the current channel condition, and jointly adjusting the current MIMO mode and the DIUC of the terminal within the maximum available DIUC range according to the current channel condition. The method and base station overcome the shortcoming of adjusting MIMO modes or DIUCs separately, and provide more combinations of the MIMO modes and DIUCs to maximize spectral utilization and data transmission rate, thereby achieving ultimately the purpose of improving link reliability and system throughput.05-17-2012

Liyun Lao, Cranfield GB

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20100307598METHOD, CONTROLLER AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING THE SLUG FLOW OF A MULTIPHASE FLUID - A method of controlling the flow of a multiphase fluid through a pipeline that includes a riser pipe with a choke valve comprises receiving multiple signals dependent on fluid flow properties from a plurality of sensors in the topside area of the riser pipe, analysing the signals to establish a vector of measurement weights, the product of the vector of measurement weights and a corresponding vector of the signal values of a given time being dependent on the severity of a slug flow forming in the system. Further signals dependent on fluid flow properties are received from the plurality of sensors in the topside area of the riser pipe. A set position for the choke valve is then determined from the product of the vector of measurement weights and further values of signals to restrict characteristics of the flow in the topside from moving towards a severely slugging flow regime.12-09-2010

My Ly Lao, Vejle DK

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20100189768COMPRESSED CHEWING GUM TABLET COMPRISING TASTE-MASKING AGENT - The present invention relates to compressed chewing gum tablets comprising a useful antihistamine. In particular, the present invention is directed to compressed chewing gum tablet, which effectively mask the unpleasant tastes of compound according to formula I, such as cetirizine, contained therein and methods for preparing such compressed chewing gum tablet.07-29-2010
20100260818STABLE MEDICATED CHEWING GUM COMPRISING CYCLODEXTRIN INCLUSION COMPLEX - The present invention provides stable medicament-containing chewing gum compositions comprising an inclusion complex comprising cyclodextrin and one or more active compound(s) according to formula I, such as cetirizine, and methods for preparing such chewing gum.10-14-2010
20130022652STABLE MEDICATED CHEWING GUM COMPRISING CYCLODEXTRIN INCLUSION COMPLEX - The present invention provides stable medicament-containing chewing gum compositions comprising an inclusion complex comprising cyclodextrin and one or more active compound(s) according to formula I, such as cetirizine, and methods for preparing such chewing gum.01-24-2013
20130022662COMPRESSED CHEWING GUM TABLET COMPRISING TASTE-MASKING AGENT - The present invention relates to compressed chewing gum tablets comprising a useful antihistamine. In particular, the present invention is directed to compressed chewing gum tablet, which effectively mask the unpleasant tastes of compound according to formula I, such as cetirizine, contained therein and methods for preparing such compressed chewing gum tablet.01-24-2013

Ning Lao, Shenzhen City CN

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20130060877METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRESENTING REPOSTED MESSAGE - Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for presenting reposted messages. The method includes: respectively establishing, in a server for each piece of original message X, a reposting chain, which takes the each piece of original message X as a root node, generating a piece of reposted message each time the original message X is reposted, and adding the reposted message to the reposting chain as a sub-node; and pulling needed reposted messages from the server when a client terminal device, at which a user locates receives an instruction instructing viewing the reposted messages corresponding to the original message X in a full amount message aggregation mode, and displaying the reposted messages on a page. Embodiments of the present invention also provide a system for presenting reposted messages. With the scheme of the present invention, a whole reposting chain of the original message may be presented to the user.03-07-2013

Po-Chao Lao, Tu-Cheng TW

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20100118544ILLUMINATION ASSIST DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE USING THE SAME - An illumination assist device used for an electronic device having a flash lamp includes an optical plate and a cover. The optical plate is positioned between the flash lamp and the cover. The cover includes a light transmission board and a plurality of reflection sidewalls extending from a periphery of the light transmission board. The optical plate is surrounded by the plurality of reflection sidewalls. The invention also provides an electronic device using the illumination assist device.05-13-2010
20100279163BATTERY COVER LATCH ASSEMBLY - A battery cover latch assembly comprises a battery housing member, a battery cover releasably secured to the battery housing member, a latch system and an adjustment system. The latch system is formed between the battery cover and the battery housing member, to secure the battery cover to the battery housing member. The adjustment system is formed between the battery cover and the battery housing member, to adjust the securing engagement between the battery cover and the battery housing member.11-04-2010

Shihong Lao, Kyoto JP

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20100195870TRACKING METHOD AND DEVICE ADOPTING A SERIES OF OBSERVATION MODELS WITH DIFFERENT LIFE SPANS - The present invention relates to a tracking method and a tracking device adopting multiple observation models with different life spans. The tracking method is suitable for tracking an object in a low frame rate video or with abrupt motion, and uses three observation models with different life spans to track and detect a specific subject in frame images of a video sequence. An observation model I performs online learning with one frame image prior to the current image, an observation model II performs online learning with five frames prior to the current image, and an observation model III is offline trained. The three observation models are combined by a cascade particle filter so that the specific subject in the low frame rate video or the object with abrupt motion can be tracked quickly and accurately.08-05-2010
20100202681DETECTING DEVICE OF SPECIAL SHOT OBJECT AND LEARNING DEVICE AND METHOD THEREOF - The invention discloses a detecting device for specific subjects and a learning device and method thereof. The detecting device for specific subjects includes an input unit, one or more strong classifying units, a storage unit and a judging unit, wherein the input unit is used for inputting images to be detected; the strong classifying units are used for carrying out strong classification to the image, each strong classifying unit includes one or more weak classifying units, and the weak classifying unit carries out weak classification to the image with a weak classifying template; the storage unit stores the weak classifying template used by the weak classifying unit; and the judging unit judges whether or not the image contains specific subjects according to the classification result of the strong classifying unit. The detecting device for specific subjects also includes an incremental sample input unit and a learning unit, wherein the incremental sample input unit is used for inputting data for incremental learning, namely for inputting an incremental learning sample, which is data undetected and wrongly detected by the detecting device or other detecting devices for specific subjects; the learning unit is used for updating the weak classifying template stored in the storage unit according to the incremental learning sample inputted by the incremental sample input unit.08-12-2010
20110007974OBJECT DETECTION APPARATUS AND METHOD - The present invention discloses an object detection apparatus and method. A feature extracting section of the present invention comprises: a feature point extracting section, for extracting a combination of predetermined feature point pairs from an image; a pixel value obtaining section, for obtaining a pixel value of each feature point in the combination of feature point pairs; a feature point comparing section, for comparing, in accordance with the pixel values obtained by the pixel value obtaining section, two feature points in each feature point pair to obtain a logical value; and an feature obtaining section, for determining the feature of the image in accordance with the logical value.01-13-2011

Patent applications by Shihong Lao, Kyoto JP

Si-Lek Lao, Shenzhen City TW

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090244861SERVER ENCLOSURE WITH TRANSFER CARD MODULE - The invention relates to a server enclosure with a transfer card module with a chassis having a side, a mounting bracket attached to the side of the chassis, and a transfer card secured to the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket includes a first sidewall and an opposite second sidewall. A first receiving slot is defined between the first sidewall and the second sidewall. The transfer card includes a printed circuit board. A first connector and a second connector are disposed on one side of the printed circuit board. The first connector is located between the printed circuit board and the first sidewall of the mounting bracket. The second connector is proximate to the mounting bracket and aligned with the first receiving slot of the mounting bracket.10-01-2009

Xuejun Lao, Shaoxing CN

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20120296126Preparing Method for Xanthophyll Crystals with Higher Content of Zeaxanthin from Plant Oleoresin - The invention makes public a preparing method for xanthophyll crystals with higher content of zeaxanthin from plant oleoresin. The current methods generally are to get quite pure crystal forms of xanthophyll or zeaxanthin, and they refer to several separation steps. The invention mixes the xanthophyll diester-containing plant oleoresins and food grade alcohol solvents to form even solution, and then soap-dissolve the solution under an alkaline environment; then replenish organic solvents and emulsifiers into the reaction solution and drop some alkali solution into the solution to make partial xanthophyll crystals be transformed to be zeaxanthin through epimerization reaction; after the reaction is finished, add the mixed solvents of alcohol solvent and water to separate out the crystals; use the method of centrifugation or filtration to get the crystals; wash the crystals several times with the mixed solution of deionized water and alcohols to remove the impurities among the crystals; recrystallize the gained crystals with absolute ethyl alcohol, and then dry the crystals to get the products. The invention can gain mixture crystals that contain xanthophyll and zeaxanthin at one time in quite high collection rate, and it is convenient for the followed product application.11-22-2012
20120330048Lycopene Intermediate 1, 3, 6, 10-Tetra-Double Bond Pentadec-Carbon Phosphonate as well as Preparation Method and Use Thereof - The invention relates to a novel important lycopene intermediate 3,7, 11-trimethyl-1,3,6,10-tetraene-dodecyl diethyl phosphonate. A current lycopene intermediate 2,4,6,10-tetra-double bond pentadec-carbon phosphonate is difficult to synthesize. The invention provides a novel intermediate, which has the following synthesis steps of: preparing 2,6,10-trimethyl-3,5,9-undecane triene-1-aldehyde from pseudoionone; preparing 2,6,10-trimethyl-2,5,9-undecane triene-1-aldehyde from the 2,6,10-trimethyl-3, 5,9-undecane triene-1-aldehyde; and subjecting the 2,6,10-trimethyl-2,5,9-undecane triene-1-aldehyde and tetraethyl methylenediphosphonate to condensation reaction to obtain target product. The invention can generate novel intermediate from raw material pseudoionone only by four reactions, thus the reactions are easy to control and great industrial value are achieved.12-27-2012
201300461141-Methoxyl-2, 6, 10-Trimethyl-1, 3, 5, 9-Undec-Tetraene, and Preparation Method and Uses thereof - The invention discloses an intermediate 1-methoxyl-2,6,10-trimethyl-1,3,5,9-undec-tetraene, and a preparation method and uses thereof. In the synthesis method for the current lycopene intermediate 2-pos double bond C-14 aldehyde (2,6,10-trimethyl-2,5,9-undecatriene-1-aldehyde), expensive methyl iodide, polluting dimethyl sulphide and dangerous strong base are needed, so that the method is hardly applied to industrial production. The invention provides a new compound 1-methoxyl-2,6,10-trimethyl-1,3,5,9-undec-tetraene, and pure 2-pos double bond C-14 aldehyde can be prepared by hydrolyzing and refining the compound. The synthetic route is simplified and the great suitability for industrial production is achieved.02-21-2013

Xuejun Lao, Xinchang County, Zhejiang Province CN

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
201203100021,4,6,10-Tetra-Double Bond Pentadec-Carbon Phosphonate, Preparation Method Thereof, And Preparation Method Of Lycopene Using The Same - 1,4,6,10-tetra-double bond pentadec-carbon phosphonate of formula (4), and preparation method thereof are provided. The preparation method comprises: reacting a pseudo ionone of formula (2) with sulfonium salt to prepare a epoxide of formula (9), and then reacting the epoxide of formula (9) with magnesium bromide to prepare a C-14 aldehyde of formula (3); condensing the C-14 aldehyde of formula (3) with tetra-alkyl methylene diphosphonate to obtain 1,4,6,10-tetra-double bond pentadec-carbon phosphonate of formula (4). Furthermore, the preparation method of lycopene via 1,4,6,10-tetra-double bond pentadec-carbon phosphonate of formula (4) is also provided. The present method has the advantages of short route, easily obtained raw materials, and low cost.12-06-2012

Ye Lao, Zhuhai CN

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090004327Enzyme Product for Ruminants - A method is described for improving the digestibility of a forage diet for ruminant animals. A forage, including alfalfa, Chinese wildrye, corn silage, straw silage, corn stover, ryegrass or TMR, is treated with an enzyme product having cellulase, xylanase, beta-glucanase, pectinase, mannanase and alpha-galactosidase activities.01-01-2009
20110183032Stomach-proected Alpha-amylase to Improve the Utilization of Diet Energy and Growth Performance of Animals - A protected α-amylase is described. Pelletization and encapsulation technology, in which slow-release materials and pH-sensitive materials are used to protect the α-amylase from inactivation at low pH. The protected α-amylase was found to be highly stable after as long as 3-hour treatment in acid (pH 3.0). When treated in pH 3.0 for 1 hour and followed by treatment with lipase and pancreatin in pH 7.0 for 2 hour to simulate in vivo environment, it was found that α-amylase was fully released and measurable. In addition, the protected α-amylase showed superior efficacy to the unprotected α-amylase. The protected α-amylase also demonstrated enhanced thermostability.07-28-2011

Ye Lao, Shanghai CN

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20110281018Mycotoxin Binder - A mycotoxin binder is disclosed characterized by 45% or more humic acid, maximum solubility of 20% at pH between 1.5 and 7.0, and an in vitro mycotoxin binding efficiency of at least 80% and preferably 90% with adsorption of at least 85% at pH 3.0 and desorption less than 10% at pH 6.8.11-17-2011

Ye Lao, Guangzhou CN

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20120282367Rumen-Protected Lutein Product for Producing High-Lutein Dairy Products - A rumen-protected carotenoid animal feed product is described that is free-flowing, resistant to ruminal degradation and effective at raising the carotenoid level in milk produced by the animal.11-08-2012

Zhao Jing Lao, Shenzhen CN

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20110095630END CAP ASSEMBLY - An electric motor has an end cap assembly comprising: a base and a cover. The base has a first chamber configured to receive a commutator, a second chamber configured to receive electronic components, and brush boxes having passages configured to receive brushes. The first chamber and the second chamber are respectively formed on opposite sides of the base. The passages of the brush boxes open into the first chamber to allow the brushes to slidably contact a commutator disposed therein. The cover is fixed to the base and covers the second chamber.04-28-2011