Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100006014 | TARGETED REAGENT INJECTION FOR SLAG CONTROL FROM COMBUSTION OF COALS HIGH IN IRON AND/OR CALCIUM - Disclosed is a process that increases the output of a combustor fired with coal having high iron and/or calcium content, by reducing the tendency of slag to form on heat exchange surfaces and changing the nature of the slag to make it easier to remove. The process includes combusting a slag-forming coal, having high iron and/or calcium content, with an overall excess of oxygen; moving the resulting combustion gases though heat exchange equipment under conditions which cause cooling of slag formed by burning the fuel; and prior to contact with said heat exchange equipment, introducing aqueous aluminum trihydroxide in amounts and with droplet sizes and concentrations effective to decrease the rate of fouling, and preferably, increase the friability of the resulting slag. Desirably, the aluminum trihydroxide reagent is introduced in the form of an aqueous liquid and computational fluid dynamics is employed to determine flow rates and select reagent introduction rates, reagent introduction location(s), reagent concentration, reagent droplet size and/or reagent momentum. In a preferred aspect, the feed rate will up to about 6 pounds ATH per ton and preferably with up to about 2 pounds Mg(OH) | 01-14-2010 |
20110203498 | Methods, Apparatus and Systems for Improving the Operation of Cyclone Boilers - A process that uses targeted in-furnace Injection to feed a fluxing agent of the chemical family of compositions containing boron and/or alkali hydrates to either decrease heat transfer on waterwalls of utility furnaces burning solid fuels to improve steam generation, maintain steam temperature, and/or allow a protective layer of slag to form inside the barrels of cyclones on cyclone boilers burning fuels high in calcium so that the boiler can operate at a wider variety of power settings while allowing proper flow and drainage of slag from the cyclone barrels. | 08-25-2011 |
20130294987 | Dry Processes, Apparatus Compositions and Systems for Reducing Mercury, Sulfur Oxides and HCl - Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of mercury and optionally sulfur oxides and/or HCl. In an embodiment the copper-based mercury remediation composition comprises a copper ammonium complex having an empirical formula of C | 11-07-2013 |
20130336868 | Dry Processes, Apparatus, Compositions and Systems for Reducing Sulfur Oxides and HCl - Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCl in a process employing a combination of a dolomite hydrate sorbent and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SO | 12-19-2013 |
20140241970 | Process and Apparatus for Improving the Operation of Wet Scrubbers - The description relates to improving the operation of wet scrubbers, especially those based on calcium carbonate, by reducing the quantities of soluble chlorides in the combustion gases fed to the scrubbers. By converting gaseous HCl in the combustion gases to a solid copper chloride and removing it before the chloride reaches the scrubber, the reactivity of the scrubbing slurry will be better maintained. Combustion gases are treated with an aqueous copper compound referred to as copper-bearing chloride remediator (CBCR). The process is preferably implemented by identifying locations within a combustor for feeding the CBCR, determining the physical form and injection parameters for the CBCR and injecting the CBCR under conditions effective to reduce HCl and/or sulfur oxides. Effective temperatures for introducing the CBCRs are preferably within the range of from about 250° to 900° F. Among the more preferred CBCRs are copper compositions including copper, an organic moiety and/or an ammonia moiety. One composition of this type is copper diamine diacetate, which has an empirical formula of C | 08-28-2014 |
20140314650 | Processes, Apparatus, Compositions and Systems for Reducing Emissions of HCl and/or Sulfur Oxides - The description relates to reducing emissions of HCl and sulfur oxides by treating combustion gases with an aqueous copper compound referred to as copper-based chloride remediator (CBCR). The process is preferably implemented by identifying locations within a combustor for feeding the CBCR, determining the physical form and injection parameters for the CBCR and injecting the CBCR under conditions effective to reduce HCl and/or sulfur oxides. Effective temperatures for introducing the copper-based chloride remediators are preferably within the range of from about 250° to 900° F. where the objective is to reduce HCl, while temperatures up to about 2200° F. can be employed where the objective is to reduce sulfur oxides. Among the more preferred CBCRs are copper compositions including copper and an ammonia moiety. One composition of this type that was tested was copper diammonium diacetate, which has an empirical formula of C | 10-23-2014 |
20140314651 | Process and Apparatus for Improving the Operation of Wet Scrubbers - The description relates to improving the operation of wet scrubbers, especially those based on calcium carbonate, by reducing the quantities of soluble chlorides in the combustion gases fed to the scrubbers. By converting gaseous HCl in the combustion gases to a solid copper chloride and removing it before the chloride reaches the scrubber, the reactivity of the scrubbing slurry will be better maintained. Combustion gases are treated with an aqueous copper compound referred to as copper-bearing chloride remediator (CBCR). The process is preferably implemented by identifying locations within a combustor for feeding the CBCR, determining the physical form and injection parameters for the CBCR and injecting the CBCR under conditions effective to reduce HCl and/or sulfur oxides. Effective temperatures for introducing the CBCRs are preferably within the range of from about 250° to 900° F. Among the more preferred CBCRs are copper compositions including copper, an organic moiety and/or an ammonia moiety. One composition of this type is copper diamine diacetate, which has an empirical formula of C | 10-23-2014 |
20140360409 | Ash Compositions Recovered from Coal Combustion Gases Having Reduced Emissions of HCl and/or Mercury - The description relates to production of fly ash with properties suitable for use in Portland cement. The fly ash compositions will contain coal ash, water-insoluble copper compositions and metallic mercury adsorbed onto ash particles. In one aspect, the coal ash composition will have a total mercury content of from 0.1 to 2.0 ppm and the water-soluble mercury is less than 20% of the total mercury content. The process entails combusting coal to produce hot combustion gases containing fly ash, CO | 12-11-2014 |