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| 20110057682 | Electronic self-healing methods for radio-frequency receivers - Systems and methods for providing self-healing integrated circuits. The method is characterized in that the behavior of a circuit or a device in response to an input signal is observed. One or more operational parameters or characteristics of the circuit or the device are derived. A corrective action to bring the operational parameters or characteristics of the circuit or device within a desired range is deduced, if needed. The corrective action can be the application of a correction signal or a modification of one or more parameters or characteristics of an element in the circuit. The calculated corrective action, if needed, is applied to bring the operational parameters or characteristics of the circuit or device within the desired range. Optionally, the operational parameters or characteristics of the circuit or the device after the correction is effectuated can be checked. | 03-10-2011 |
| 20110115482 | ULTRASENSITIVE DETECTION PLATFORM FOR SENSING MAGNETIC AND/OR ELECTRICAL ENERGY CHANGE - A scalable and ultrasensitive frequency-shift magnetic array scheme. The theoretical limit of the sensor noise floor is shown to be dominated by the phase noise of the sensing oscillators. To increase the sensitivity, a noise suppression technique, Correlated Double Counting (CDC), is described with no power overhead. As an implementation example, a 64-cell sensor array is designed in a standard 65 nm CMOS process. The CDC scheme achieves an additional 6 dB noise suppression. The magnetic sensing capability of the presented sensor is verified by detecting micron size magnetic particles with an SNR of 14.6 dB for a single bead and an effective dynamic range of at least 74.5 dB. Applications in biosensing are contemplated, among other possible uses. Measurement of electrical properties is also contemplated. | 05-19-2011 |
| 20110175602 | INDUCTORS WITH UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH IN THE NEAR-FIELD - An integrated inductor includes a plurality of coils. Each of the plurality of coils is electromagnetically coupled together to form an inductor between a first inductor terminal and a second inductor terminal. At least one of the plurality of coils is disposed in a layer on an integrated structure and at least another of one of the plurality of coils disposed in a layer of the integrated structure. One of the plurality of coils is spaced with respect to another of the plurality of coils to cause a substantially uniform magnetic field strength across a surface of the integrated inductor. An integrated magnetic particle sensor system, an integrated inductor having a section having a different width than another section, an integrated inductor having at least one gradual transition section, and an integrated inductor having at least one floating metal structure are also described. | 07-21-2011 |
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| 20090257526 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CONDITIONING COMMUNICATIONS SIGNALS BASED ON DETECTION OF HIGH-FREQUENCY EVENTS IN POLAR DOMAIN - Methods and apparatus for conditioning communications signals based on detection of high-frequency in the polar domain. High-frequency events detected in a phase-difference component of a complex baseband signal in the polar domain are detected and used as a basis for performing hole-blowing on the complex baseband signal in the quadrature domain and/or nonlinear filtering either or both the magnitude and phase-difference components in the polar domain. Alternatively, high-frequency events detected in the phase-difference signal that correlate in time with low-magnitude events detected in a magnitude component of the complex baseband signal are used as a basis for performing hole-blowing on the complex baseband signal in the quadrature domain and/or nonlinear filtering either or both the magnitude and phase-difference components in the polar domain. | 10-15-2009 |
| 20100246716 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING HIGH-FREQUENCY EVENTS IN POLAR DOMAIN SIGNALS - Methods and apparatus for reducing high-frequency events in polar domain signals. An exemplary method includes first generating an unmodified rectangular-coordinate signal having in-phase (I) and quadrature phase (Q) components that are modulated according to a predetermined modulation scheme. Next a first sample of the unmodified rectangular-coordinate signal is modified based on how close the first sample is to the origin in the complex signal plane and how fast a signal trajectory between the first sample and a subsequent sample changes. Finally, the modified rectangular-coordinate signal is converted to a polar domain signal having amplitude and phase components. By modifying the first sample in this manner, either or both the amplitude and phase components have reduced high-frequency content compared to a polar domain signal that would be generated without the first sample having been first modified. | 09-30-2010 |
| 20100316164 | Methods and Apparatus for Reducing Average-to-Minimum Power Ratio in Communications Signals - A baseband circuit for a communications transmitter includes a baseband modulator, a pulse-shaping filter, and an AMPR reduction circuit. The baseband modulator is configured to generate a sequence of symbols formatted in accordance with a non-constant envelope modulation scheme. The pulse-shaping filter is configured to band-limit the sequence of samples to provide a sequence of samples. The AMPR reduction circuit is configured to analyze and modify one or more samples in the sequence of samples, if a sample in the sequence of samples that has been previously analyzed by the AMPR reduction circuit is determined to have a magnitude less than a predetermined low-magnitude threshold. | 12-16-2010 |
| 20110058622 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING HIGH EFFICIENCY CARTESIAN MODULATION - The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for providing efficient signal transmission. Conventional linear amplifiers are most efficient when operated in compressed mode. In the compressed mode, the digital power amplifier switches between the on and off modes. A digital power amplifier operates in compressed mode only if the incoming signal is an on-off constant envelop signal. In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a method and apparatus for converting a digital baseband signal to on-off constant envelop signals for processing through binary-weighted or thermometer-weighted amplifier which are operated in compressed mode. | 03-10-2011 |
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| 20090020473 | COMPOSITION, MEMBRANE, AND ASSOCIATED METHOD - A composition is provided. The composition may include a reaction product of a first composition having two or more anhydride moieties, a second composition having two or more hydroxyl moieties, and a third composition having at least one aziridine moiety. A method for forming a membrane from the composition is provided. A membrane formed from the composition is provided. Devices that include the membrane are provided, also. | 01-22-2009 |
| 20100021993 | SYSTEM FOR ASSEMBLING AND UTILIZING SENSORS IN CONTAINERS - A system for measuring parameters in a container is disclosed. A container has a solution. A protective layer is deposited over at least one sensor and at least one wall of the container, where the protective layer is attached to the wall of the container to form a seal between the container and the at least one sensor. The at least one sensor is configured to have an operable electromagnetic field based on a thickness of the container and the protective layer. The at least one sensor in conjunction with a tag is in proximity to an impedance analyzer and a reader that constitute a measurement device. The at least one sensor is configured to determine at least one parameter of the solution. The tag is configured to provide a digital ID associated with the at least one sensor, where the container is in proximity to the reader and an impedance analyzer. The impedance analyzer is configured to receive a given range of frequencies from the at least one sensor based on the measured complex impedance over the given range of frequencies. | 01-28-2010 |
| 20100297429 | COMPOSITE MEMBRANE AND METHOD OF MAKING - The present invention provides a composite membrane comprising a porous base membrane and a polyamide coating disposed on said porous base membrane, said polyamide coating comprising a C | 11-25-2010 |
| 20110049055 | REVERSE OSMOSIS COMPOSITE MEMBRANES FOR BORON REMOVAL - Improved methods for reducing boron concentration in seawater or brackish water, while simultaneously maintaining or improving the salt rejection of membrane and flow performance of polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes include contacting the water with a composite membrane comprising moieties derived from an aromatic sulfonyl halide, a heteroaromatic sulfonyl halide, a sulfinyl halide; a sulfenyl halide; a sulfuryl halide; a phosphoryl halide; a phosphonyl halide; a phosphinyl halide; a thiophosphoryl halide; a thiophosphonyl halide, an isocyanate, a urea, a cyanate, an aromatic carbonyl halide, an epoxide or a mixture thereof. | 03-03-2011 |
| 20110166812 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MONITORING PARAMETERS IN CONTAINERS - A system for measuring parameters in a container is disclosed. A system for measuring multiple parameters includes a container having a solution, at least one sensor in conjunction with a tag is in proximity to an impedance analyzer and a reader that constitute a measurement device. The at least one sensor is configured to determine at least one parameter of the solution. The tag is configured to provide a digital ID associated with the sensor, where the container is in proximity to the reader and an impedance analyzer. The impedance analyzer is configured to send and receive a given range of frequencies from the sensor, based on the parameter and calculate parameter changes based on the response. | 07-07-2011 |
| 20120080380 | THIN FILM COMPOSITE MEMBRANES INCORPORATING CARBON NANOTUBES - Processes for manufacturing a thin film composite membrane comprising multi-walled carbon nanotubes include contacting under interfacial polymerization conditions an organic solution comprising a polyacid halide with an aqueous solution comprising a polyamine to form a thin film composite membrane on a surface of a porous base membrane; at least one of the organic solution and the aqueous solution further including multi-walled carbon nanotubes having an outside diameter of less than about 30 nm. | 04-05-2012 |
| 20120080381 | THIN FILM COMPOSITE MEMBRANES INCORPORATING CARBON NANOTUBES - Processes for manufacturing a thin film composite membrane comprising multi-walled carbon nanotubes include contacting under interfacial polymerization conditions an organic solution comprising a polyacid halide and carbon nanotubes with an aqueous solution comprising a polyamine to form a thin film composite membrane on a surface of a porous base membrane, wherein the organic solution additionally comprises a saturated cyclic C | 04-05-2012 |
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| 20090267596 | EFFECTIVE-INDUCTANCE-CHANGE BASED MAGNETIC PARTICLE SENSING - The invention relates to an integrated measurement system to detect a quantity of magnetic particles in a sample. The measurement system includes a substrate. An electromagnetic (EM) structure disposed on the surface of the substrate is configured to receive a sample including the magnetic particles in proximity thereof. The integrated measurement system also includes an electrical current generator disposed on the surface of the substrate which is electro-magnetically coupled to the EM structure. The electrical current generator is configured to cause an electrical current to flow in the EM structure. The integrated measurement system also includes an effective inductance sensor disposed on the surface of the substrate which is configured to measure a selected one of an effective inductance and a change in effective inductance. The invention also relates to a method to determine the number of and/or the locations of the magnetic particles in a sample. | 10-29-2009 |
| 20100134097 | FREQUENCY-SHIFT CMOS MAGNETIC BIOSENSOR ARRAY WITH SINGLE BEAD SENSITIVITY AND NO EXTERNAL MAGNET - According to one aspect, an integrated magnetic particle measurement device for detecting a presence or absence of magnetic particles in a sample volume includes at least one sensor cell having a differential sensor pair. An active sensor oscillator frequency is responsive to one or more magnetic particles situated within a sample volume. The sensor cell is configured to be operative in the absence of an externally applied magnetic field. A frequency measurement circuit provides as a time-multiplexed output a first count representative of the active sensor oscillator frequency and a second count representative of the reference sensor oscillator frequency. A calculated difference between the first count and the second count is indicative of a presence or an absence of one or more magnetic particles within the sample volume. An integrated magnetic particle measurement system array and a method for detecting one or more magnetic particles are also described. | 06-03-2010 |
| 20100163545 | FULLY INTEGRATED TEMPERATURE REGULATOR FOR BIOCHEMICAL APPLICATIONS - The invention is an integrated temperature regulator that can be fabricated using conventional semiconductor processing technology. The integrated temperature regulator can include a reaction chamber, for example fabricated from PDMS, in which chemical or biochemical reactions of interest can be carried out. The temperature regular can also be used to regulate the temperature of some circuits, e.g. an effective-inductance-change based magnetic particle sensor, to achieve a stable operation performance, such as an improved sensitivity. The integrated temperature regulator includes as subcomponents a temperature sensing circuit that receives a thermal signal from the vicinity of the reaction chamber, a temperature reference circuit, and a temperature control circuit that controls a heater based at least in part on the difference between the sensed temperature and the reference temperature. The various subcomponents can be programmable. | 07-01-2010 |
| 20100216282 | LOW COST BONDING TECHNIQUE FOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT CHIPS AND PDMS STRUCTURES - Methods of bonding a structure fabricated in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and an integrated circuit chip. The procedures for bonding include providing a substrate, affixing the integrated circuit to the substrate, as needed preparing the surface of the integrated circuit chip to permit bonding, aligning the PDMS structure and the features of the integrated circuit chip, and applying a bonding agent. The bonding agent is cured by exposure to a thermal regime for a suitable length of time. Depending on relative sizes, in some cases, a plural number of PDMS structures can be attached to one chip, or a single PDMS structure can be bonded to multiple chips. In some cases, the integrated circuit chip operates wirelessly. In other situations, the substrate provides electrical communication from the integrated circuit chip to electronic components. | 08-26-2010 |
| 20100245100 | NOISE SUPPRESSION TECHNIQUES IN HIGH PRECISION LONG-TERM FREQUENCY/TIMING MEASUREMENTS - A frequency/timing measurement apparatus includes a reference source having a reference source output terminal. At least one target source has a target source output terminal. The at least one target source is communicatively coupled to the reference source. A frequency timing measurement block has a first input terminal electrically coupled to the reference source output terminal. A second input terminal is electrically coupled to the target source output terminal and at least one output terminal. The frequency timing measurement block is configured to perform a noise shaping technique to reduce measurement error attributable to a phase noise that is correlated between the reference source and the target source, and to provide a reduced correlated noise measurement at the at least one output terminal. A method to reduce correlated noise is also described. | 09-30-2010 |
| 20100267169 | ELECTROMAGNETIC MOLECULAR SENSORS AND METHODS OF USING SAME - Devices having an electromagnetic detector for the detection of analytes are disclosed. The devices include an electromagnetic detector, including effective inductance-change magnetic detectors, and a binding moiety. The device can include an electromagnetic material that can be detected by the detector. The device is configured such that binding of an analyte to the binding moiety changes the relationship between the electromagnetic detector and the electromagnetic material such that a change in electromagnetic field is detected by the electromagnetic detector. | 10-21-2010 |
| 20110004096 | ELECTROMAGNETIC CELLULAR TOMOGRAPHY - The invention provides an electromagnetic cellular tomograph and methods of operating such a device. An array of structures is configured to apply probe signals to cells or tissues of interest that are held in a sample holder. The array also includes structures that can receive a response signal from the sample of interest. Data processing and control circuits are provided to manipulate and analyze the response and to allow the result to be recorded, transmitted to other data systems, or displayed to a user. | 01-06-2011 |
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| 20100142556 | METHOD AND APPARATUS RELATED TO PACKET FRAGMENTATION AND RECONSTRUCTION - Methods and apparatus related to packet fragmentation and reconstruction are described. A sequence of bits is generated including at least one header and at least partial packet payload prior to a determination of the actual data rate to be used in a communications segment. In some embodiments, the generated sequence of bits corresponds to a prepared information bit stream for a best case scenario in which the highest data rate is selected for segment. Various embodiments allow for the selection of the data rate to be used for the communications segment to be delayed until just prior to the transmission. Thus the selection of the data rate for the communications segment, and thus the segment capacity, can be based on more current channel condition information than would otherwise be possible if the communications device needed to know the data rate for the segment before performing header and packet fragmentation operations. | 06-10-2010 |
| 20100309781 | SWITCHING BETWEEN MIMO AND RECEIVER BEAM FORMING IN A PEER-TO-PEER NETWORK - Aspects describe different multiple antenna techniques that can be utilized in a peer-to-peer network based on a network congestion level. A MIMO scheme where a transmitter sends to a receiver multiple spatial streams at substantially the same time in the same traffic segment can be utilized when network congestion level is low. A receiver beam forming scheme where transmitter sends a single stream in a traffic segment and receiver uses multiple receive antennas to maximize signal to noise ratio can be utilized when network congestion level is high. The connection pair (transmitter and receiver) occupy more control resources in the MIMO scheme than the receiver beam forming scheme. The decision related to which technique to utilize can be made at about the same time as a communication is initiated. Further, if network conditions change during a communication, the antenna technique that is utilized can be switched to a different technique during the communication exchange. | 12-09-2010 |
| 20110222515 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING SYNCHRONIZATION BETWEEN GROUPS OF DEVICES - Methods and apparatus related to supporting rapid synchronization between groups of wireless communications devices are described. Described methods and apparatus are well suited for use in peer to peer wireless communications systems in which a plurality of ad hoc peer to peer networks may be formed, each ad hoc network operating with its own notion of time. As two groups of devices, having different notions of time, come within proximity of one another, a wireless communications device of a first group detects the presence of a member of a second group. The wireless device determines that network timing re-synchronization is to be performed by one of the first and second groups and transmits a re-synchronization alert signal on a dedicated resource. Subsequently, the wireless device transmits a timing synchronization signal in accordance with new timing. Intended devices, which detect the alert signal and timing synchronization signal, adjust their internal timing. | 09-15-2011 |
| 20120008618 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR TIMING SYNCHRONIZATION USING MULTIPLE DIFFERENT TIMING SIGNAL SOURCES - A wireless terminal detects timing signals from different local timing signal sources. The wireless terminal selects from the plurality of detected timing signal sources two timing signal sources in accordance with a predetermined timing signal source priority ordering. In some embodiments, the wireless terminal intentionally selects two timing signal sources which are not synchronized with respect to one another. The wireless terminal determines a first set of peer communications time intervals corresponding to a first selected timing signal source and a second set of peer communications time intervals corresponding to a second selected timing signal source. The wireless terminal transmits a peer to peer signal, e.g., a peer discovery signal, during at least one of the first set of peer communications time intervals. The wireless terminal transmits a peer to peer signal, e.g., a peer discovery signal, during at least one of the second set of peer communications time intervals. | 01-12-2012 |
| 20120087253 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR RESOURCE ALLOCATION FOR PEER-TO-PEER DATA IN NON PEER-TO-PEER RESOURCES - A method of operating a wireless device includes communicating in one of peer-to-peer data resources or non peer-to-peer resources. The peer-to-peer data resources include a first set of peer-to-peer resources with a first bandwidth and a second set of peer-to-peer resources with a second bandwidth greater than the first bandwidth. The first set of peer-to-peer resources is parallel in time with the non peer-to-peer resources. In addition, the method includes estimating a signal quality for a data transmission on the peer-to-peer data resources. Furthermore, the method includes determining whether to send the data transmission in one of the first set of peer-to-peer resources or the second set of peer-to-peer resources based on the estimated signal quality. | 04-12-2012 |
| 20120087347 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR JOINT SCHEDULING OF PEER-TO-PEER LINKS AND WIRELESS WIDE AREA NETWORK LINKS IN CELLULAR NETWORKS - A wireless device, a method, and a computer program product in a wireless device are provided in which a scheduling control signal is received in peer-to-peer resources. In addition, whether to yield a data transmission is determined based on the received scheduling control signal. Furthermore, the data transmission is sent to a base station on the peer-to-peer resources upon determining not to yield the data transmission. A base station, a method, and a computer program product in a base station are also provided in which a scheduling control signal is received in peer-to-peer resources. In addition, whether to yield a data transmission is determined based on the received scheduling control signal. Furthermore, the data transmission is sent to a wireless device on the peer-to-peer resources upon determining not to yield the data transmission. | 04-12-2012 |
| 20120117155 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS TO SUPPORT PEER-TO-PEER COMMUNICATIONS IN CELLULAR NETWORKS - A method of operating a wireless device associated with a first cell includes receiving information on a first set of resources for intracell peer-to-peer communication and on a second set of resources for intercell peer-to-peer communication. In addition, the method includes utilizing at least one of the first set of resources to communicate with a second wireless device within the first cell or the second set of resources to communicate with the second wireless device within a second cell based on the received information. | 05-10-2012 |
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| 20110298537 | VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION FOR CONTROLLING CMOS RF SWITCH - Disclosed are voltage distribution device and method for controlling CMOS-based devices for switching radio frequency (RF) signals. In certain RF devices such as mobile phones, providing different amplification modes can yield performance advantages. For example, a capability to transmit at low and high power modes typically results in an extended battery life, since the high power mode can be activated only when needed. Switching between such amplification modes can be facilitated by one or more switches formed in an integrated circuit and configured to route RF signal to different amplification paths. In certain embodiments, such RF switches can be formed as CMOS devices, and can be based on triple-well structures. In certain embodiments, various bias voltages applied to such a CMOS RF switch can be facilitated by a voltage distribution component. | 12-08-2011 |
| 20110300899 | CMOS RF SWITCH DEVICE AND METHOD FOR BIASING THE SAME - Disclosed are CMOS-based devices for switching radio frequency (RF) signals and methods for biasing such devices. In certain RF devices such as mobile phones, providing different amplification modes can yield performance advantages. For example, a capability to transmit at low and high power modes typically results in an extended battery life, since the high power mode can be activated only when needed. Switching between such amplification modes can be facilitated by one or more switches formed in an integrated circuit and configured to route RF signal to different amplification paths. In certain embodiments, such RF switches can be formed as CMOS devices, and can be based on triple-well structures. In certain embodiments, an isolated well of such a triple-well structure can be provided with different bias voltages for on and off states of the switch to yield desired performance features during switching of amplification modes. | 12-08-2011 |
