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| 20080224100 | METHODS FOR PRODUCING COMPOSITES OF FULLERENE NANOTUBES AND COMPOSITIONS THEREOF - This invention relates generally to a method for producing composites of fullerene nanotubes and compositions thereof. In one embodiment, the present invention involves a method of producing a composite material that includes a matrix and a fullerene nanotube material embedded within said matrix. In another embodiment, a method of producing a composite material containing fullerene nanotube material is disclosed. This method includes the steps of preparing an assembly of a fibrous material; adding the fullerene nanotube material to the fibrous material; and adding a matrix material precursor to the fullerene nanotube material and the fibrous material. | 09-18-2008 |
| 20080311025 | METHOD FOR FORMING A PATTERNED ARRAY OF FULLERENE NANOTUBES - This invention relates generally to forming a patterned array of fullerene nanotubes. In one embodiment, a nanoscale array of microwells is provided on a substrate; a metal catalyst is deposited in each microwells; and a stream of hydrocarbon or CO feedstock gas is directed at the substrate under conditions that effect growth of fullerene nanotubes from each microwell. | 12-18-2008 |
| 20090004094 | METHOD FOR CUTTING FULLERENE NANOTUBES - This invention relates generally to cutting fullerene nanotubes. In one embodiment, the present invention provides for preparation of homogeneous populations of short fullerene nanotubes by cutting and annealing (reclosing) the nanotube pieces followed by fractionation. The cutting and annealing processes may be carried out on a purified nanotube bucky paper, on felts prior to purification of nanotubes or on any material that contains fullerene nanotubes. In one embodiment, oxidative etching with concentrated nitric acid is employed to cut fullerene nanotubes into shorter lengths. The annealed nanotubes may be disbursed in an aqueous detergent solution or an organic solvent for the fractionation. Closed tubes can also be derivatized to facilitate fractionation, for example, by adding solubilizing moieties to the end caps. | 01-01-2009 |
| 20090169463 | ARRAY OF FULLERENE NANOTUBES - This invention relates generally to forming an array of fullerene nanotubes. In one embodiment, a macroscopic molecular array is provided comprising at least about 10 | 07-02-2009 |
| 20110086781 | METHOD FOR FORMING COMPOSITES OF SUB-ARRAYS OF FULLERENE NANOTUBES - The formation of arrays of fullerene nanotubes is described. A microscopic molecular array of fullerene nanotubes is formed by assembling subarrays of up to 10 | 04-14-2011 |
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| 20080213189 | Multifunctional metal-graphite nanocrystals - Disclosed are nanocrystals comprising metals and metal alloys, which are formed by a process that results in a layer of graphite in direct contact with the metallic core. The nanocrystals may be used in vivo as MRI contrast agents, X-ray contrast agents, near IR (NIR) heating agents, drug delivery, protein separation, catalysis etc. The nanocrystals may be further functionalized with a hydrophilic coating, e.g., phospholipid-polyethylene glycol, which improves in vivo stability. The process comprises chemical vapor deposition of metals adsorbed onto silica as a fine powder, in conjunction with a carbon containing gas, which coats the metal particles. The silica is then etched away. Preferred metals include iron, gold, cobalt, platinum, ruthenium and mixtures thereof, e.g., FeCo and AuFe. The process permits control of the alloy compositions, size, and other characteristics. | 09-04-2008 |
| 20090087493 | Supramolecular Functionalization of Graphitic Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery - Disclosed are nanoparticles, such as carbon nanotubes or other materials having extended aromatic surfaces (e.g., graphene sheet or nanotube), which are used to deliver active agents such as drugs, labels or dyes (termed for convenience a “drug”) to the interior of cells. The nanoparticles are functionalized by a hydrophilic polymer to render them stable in suspension. This molecule may be covalently attached to the nanoparticle, or may be adsorbed thereto as an amphiphilic molecule. The nanoparticles are coupled to the drug through supramolecular bonding i.e., binding to the exterior of the nanoparticle through π-stacking. The drug may also be covalently bonded to the hydrophilic polymer, which is coupled to the nanoparticle through supramolecular bonding. The drug is therefore capable of release in the cell exterior. The drug is more rapidly released at lower pH, as found e.g., in tumor cells. The drug-coupled, functionalized nanoparticles may also be targeted to specific cells through modification of the hydrophilic polymer, e.g., by adding an RGD peptide, or an antibody, which is targeted to cells expressing integrins, or an antibody directed to a cell surface marker. The drug may also be linked to a branched chain hydrophilic polymer, so that each polymer molecule carries more than one drug bound by a cleavable linker. | 04-02-2009 |
| 20090166560 | Sensing of biological molecules using carbon nanotubes as optical labels - Disclosed are methods and materials including carbon nanotubes which have a strong Raman and/or fluorescent signal and which have been modified with an amphiphilic molecule having available functional linking groups for linking to a biological compound. Exemplified are surface-functionalized SWNTs (single walled nanotubes) as highly sensitive bio-labels based on the detection of their spectroscopic Raman signature. By solubilizing the nanotubes with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-containing phospholipids, aqueous-stable as well as biocompatible SWNT labels are produced. Specificity in biological detection is then attained by immobilizing reporting molecules off this PEG layer. Highly selective detection of surface immobilized proteins is achieved with detection limit of ˜10 femtomolar, three orders of magnitude higher than the fluorescent technique. Signal stability upon Raman readout as well as compatibility of the SWNT-tagged proteins to the microarray protocols are also demonstrated, making these biocompatible SWNTs highly attractive as novel, alternative bio-labels for ultrasensitive detection of proteins. When excited with a near infrared laser, the nanoparticles give off a distinctive fluorescence signal. | 07-02-2009 |
| 20100028681 | Pristine and Functionalized Graphene Materials - Disclosed are dispersed graphene sheets, ribbons, graphene molecules and the like which are pristine in the plane, i.e., free of significant defects and chemical modifications such as oxidation. The materials could be functionalized at the edges. These materials are dispersed in solutions rather than in aggregated or insoluble forms as their parent starting materials. Also disclosed is a method comprising the steps of intercalating an insoluble graphitic material. The method may comprise exfoliating graphite and re-intercalating the resultant material with an acid composition, such as oleum, and a strong organic base such as tetrabutylammonium hydroxide in a solvent solution to form a homogenous suspension, which is then agitated to form dispersed graphene materials. The materials may be solubilized with a hydrophilic polymer and can be further manipulated by transfer into different solvents, formation of films, application to optical and electronic devices, and other applications. The materials are solubilized by functional groups mostly at the edges. | 02-04-2010 |
| 20100074845 | ENHANCED SENSITIVITY CARBON NANOTUBES AS TARGETED PHOTOACOUSTIC MOLECULAR IMAGING AGENTS - The present disclosure provides contrast photoacoustic probes, and compositions comprising such probes, designed to non-invasively detect and monitor various disease states, or targets within a subject human or animal. The probes are designed to be optically excited in tissue, ultimately generating thermal energy, which is transformed into acoustic energy by the response of the aqueous environment in the subject to the thermal emissions. The acoustic energy (sound) can then be detected by suitably applied transducers and digitally transformed into images indicating the location of the probe in the subject. One aspect of the disclosure encompasses photoacoustic probes that comprise: a carbon nanotube and a plurality of dye molecules bound to the carbon nanotube. The probes may further comprise a targeting moiety for localizing the probe at the site of a specific target. Another aspect of the present disclosure encompasses methods of detecting a target in animal or human subject, comprising: delivering a photoacoustic probe to a subject, allowing the photoacoustic probe to selectively bind to a target of the subject; and illuminating the system with an optical energy absorbable by the photoacoustic probe to generate an acoustic signal; and detecting the acoustic signal, thereby detecting the target in the subject. | 03-25-2010 |
| 20100098904 | Single-walled carbon nanotubes and methods of preparation thereof - The present invention provides single-walled carbon nanotubes and systems and methods for their preparation. | 04-22-2010 |
