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Griffiths, Cambridge

Andrew Griffiths, Cambridge GB

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090053700Optical sorting method - The invention describes a method for isolating one or more genetic elements encoding a gene product having a desired activity, comprising the steps of: (a) compartmentalising genetic elements into microcapsules; (b) expressing the genetic elements to produce their respective gene products within the microcapsules; (c) sorting the genetic elements which produce the gene product having the desired activity using a change in the optical properties of the genetic elements. The invention enables the in vitro evolution of nucleic acids and proteins by repeated mutagenesis and iterative applications of the method of the invention.02-26-2009
20090325236Optical sorting method - The invention describes a method for isolating one or more genetic elements encoding a gene product having a desired activity, comprising the steps of: (a) compartmentalising genetic elements into microcapsules; (b) expressing the genetic elements to produce their respective gene products within the microcapsules; (c) sorting the genetic elements which produce the gene product having the desired activity using a change in the optical properties of the genetic elements. The invention enables the in vitro evolution of nucleic acids and proteins by repeated mutagenesis and iterative applications of the method of the invention.12-31-2009

Patent applications by Andrew Griffiths, Cambridge GB

Andrew David Griffiths, Cambridge GB

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090155810METHODS FOR PRODUCING MEMBERS OF SPECIFIC BINDING PAIRS - A member of a specific binding pair (sbp) is identified by expressing DNA encoding a genetically diverse population of such sbp members in recombinant host cells in which the sbp members are displayed in functional form at the surface of a secreted recombinant genetic display package (rgdp) containing DNA encoding the sbp member or a polypeptide component thereof, by virtue of the sbp member or a polypeptide component thereof being expressed as a fusion with a capsid component of the rgdp. The displayed sbps may be selected by affinity with a complementary sbp member, and the DNA recovered from selected rgdps for expression of the selected sbp members. Antibody sbp members may be thus obtained, with the different chains thereof expressed, one fused to the capsid component and the other in free form for association with the fusion partner polypeptide. A phagemid may be used as an expression vector, with said capsid fusion helping to package the phagemid DNA. Using this method libraries of DNA encoding respective chains of such multimeric sbp members may be combined, thereby obtaining a much greater genetic diversity in the sbp members than could easily be obtained by conventional methods.06-18-2009
20090325815PRODUCTION OF ANTI-SELF ANTIBODIES FROM ANTIBODY SEGMENT REPERTOIRES AND DISPLAYED ON PHAGE - Methods are disclosed for the production of anti-self antibodies and antibody fragments, being antibodies or fragments of a particular species of mammal which bind self antigens of that species. Methods comprise providing a library of replicable genetic display packages (rgdps), such as filamentous phage, each rgdp displaying at its surface member of a specific binding pair which is an antibody or antibody fragment, and each rgdp containing nucleic acid sequence derived from a species of mammal. The nucleic acid sequence in each rgdp encodes a polypeptide chain which is a component part of the sbp member displayed at the surface of that rgdp. Anti-self antibody fragments are selected by binding with a self antigen from said species of mammal. The displayed antibody fragments may be scFv, Fd, Fab or any other fragment which has the capability of binding antigen. Nucleic acid libraries used may be derived from rearranged V-gene sequences of unimmunised mammal. Synthetic or artificial libraries are described and shown to be useful.12-31-2009
20100136660METHODS FOR PRODUCING MEMBERS OF SPECIFIC BINDING PAIRS - A member of a specific binding pair (sbp) is identified by expressing DNA encoding a genetically diverse population of such sbp members in recombinant host cells in which the sbp members are displayed in functional form at the surface of a secreted recombinant genetic display package (rgdp) containing DNA encoding the sbp member or a polypeptide component thereof, by virtue of the sbp member or a polypeptide component thereof being expressed as a fusion with a capsid component of the rgdp. The displayed sbps may be selected by affinity with a complementary sbp member, and the DNA recovered from selected rgdps for expression of the selected sbp members. Antibody sbp members may be thus obtained, with the different chains thereof expressed, one fused to the capsid component and the other in free form for association with the fusion partner polypeptide. A phagemid may be used as an expression vector, with said capsid fusion helping to package the phagemid DNA. Using this method libraries of DNA encoding respective chains of such multimeric sbp members may be combined, thereby obtaining a much greater genetic diversity in the sbp members than could easily be obtained by conventional methods.06-03-2010
20100210479METHOD OF SYNTHESIS AND TESTING OF COMINATORIAL LIBRARIES USING MICROCAPSULES - Methods for use in the synthesis and identification of molecules which bind to a target component of a biological system or modulate the activity of a target are described.08-19-2010
20100317540METHODS FOR PRODUCING MEMBERS OF SPECIFIC BINDING PAIRS - A member of a specific binding pair (sbp) is identified by expressing DNA encoding a genetically diverse population of such sbp members in recombinant host cells in which the sbp members are displayed in functional form at the surface of a secreted recombinant genetic display package (rgdp) containing DNA encoding the sbp member or a polypeptide component thereof, by virtue of the sbp member or a polypeptide component thereof being expressed as a fusion with a capsid component of the rgdp. The displayed sbps may be selected by affinity with a complementary sbp member, and the DNA recovered from selected rgdps for expression of the selected sbp members. Antibody sbp members may be thus obtained, with the different chains thereof expressed, one fused to the capsid component and the other in free form for association with the fusion partner polypeptide. A phagemid may be used as an expression vector, with said capsid fusion helping to package the phagemid DNA. Using this method libraries of DNA encoding respective chains of such multimeric sbp members may be combined, thereby obtaining a much greater genetic diversity in the sbp members than could easily be obtained by conventional methods.12-16-2010

Patent applications by Andrew David Griffiths, Cambridge GB

Richard Griffiths, Cambridge GB

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20080297657METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING TEXT IN A VIDEO STREAM - The disclosed systems and methods achieve improved communication of the text in a video stream. Text may be processed separately from the video stream to suit the capabilities of a display device or to improve the availability of the textual information to users with special requirements. The disclosed methods and systems may be used, for example, in conjunction with set-top-box decoders, mobile telephones, and portable media players with small or low-resolution display screens.12-04-2008

Richard Bruce Griffiths, Cambridge GB

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20080298769METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR GENERATING COMPRESSED VIDEO TO IMPROVE REVERSE PLAYBACK - The disclosed systems and methods achieve improved quality reverse playback of video though techniques for modifying the way in which video is encoded and stored. The methods and systems may be used, for example, in conjunction with a wide variety of media playing and recording devices, such as DVD recorders, set top boxes, personal video devices (PVR), and mobile phones. Any device that allows users to record video, either from a fixed source (e.g., set top box) or from life (e.g., mobile phone with built-in video camera, or a standard digital video camera), may use the disclosed methods and systems to give users a higher quality playback.12-04-2008