| Patent application number | Description | Published |
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| 20080217670 | Methods of manufacturing a semiconductor device; method of manufacturing a memory cell; semiconductor device; semiconductor processing device; integrated circuit having a memory cell - Methods of manufacturing a semiconductor device, a method of manufacturing a memory cell, a semiconductor device, a semiconductor processing device, and a memory cell, are provided. In one embodiment a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is provided including forming a metal doped chalcogenide layer using light irradiation at least partially during provision of the metal. | 09-11-2008 |
| 20080272448 | INTEGRATED CIRCUIT HAVING A MAGNETIC TUNNEL JUNCTION DEVICE - An integrated circuit having a magnetic tunnel junction device is disclosed. In one embodiment, the device includes: a spin transfer torque magnetization reversal structure including a first ferromagnetic structure, a second ferromagnetic structure, and a tunnel barrier structure between the first ferromagnetic structure and the second ferromagnetic structure. | 11-06-2008 |
| 20090103351 | Integrated Circuit, Method of Manufacturing an Integrated Circuit, and Memory Module - According to one embodiment of the present invention, an integrated circuit includes at least one memory device including: a reactive electrode layer, an inert electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer being disposed between the reactive electrode layer and the inert electrode layer; at least one interface layer being disposed between the solid electrolyte layer and the reactive electrode layer and/or between the solid electrolyte layer and the inert electrode layer. The material parameters of the at least one interface layer are chosen such that a crystallization of the solid electrolyte layer is at least partially suppressed. | 04-23-2009 |
| Patent application number | Description | Published |
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| 20080302703 | CATALYTIC PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS - A process for the catalytic reaction of organic compounds, in which the organic compounds are contacted with a catalyst comprising an interstitial metal hydride, having a reaction surface, to produce a catalyst-organic compound mixture, energy is applied, monatomic hydrogen is produced at the reaction surface of the interstitial metal hydride, and the organic compounds are reacted with the monatomic hydrogen. Reactions accomplished by this process include petroleum hydrocracking and hydrotreating processes. The method's performance can be further enhanced using radio frequency (RF) or microwave energy. | 12-11-2008 |
| 20100089741 | PRODUCTION OF BIOFUELS - A method is provided for the production of biofuels. The method includes contacting at least one of a plant oil, an animal oil and a mixture thereof with a catalyst including an acid or solid acid, thereby producing a catalyst-oil mixture. RF or microwave energy is applied to at least one of the catalyst, the plant oil, the animal oil, the mixture, and the catalyst-oil mixture to produce the biofuel. The process can be adjusted to produce gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel, or diesel range middle distillate products. | 04-15-2010 |
| 20100264015 | METHODS FOR PRODUCING BIODIESEL - Transesterification, esterification, and esterification-transesterification (both one-step and two-step) for producing biofuels. The process may be enhanced by one or more of the following: 1) applying microwave or RF energy; 2) passing reactants over a heterogeneous catalyst at sufficiently high velocity to achieve high shear conditions; 3) emulsifying reactants with a homogeneous catalyst; or 4) maintaining the reaction at a pressure at or above autogeneous pressure. Enhanced processes using one or more of these steps can result in higher process rates, higher conversion levels, or both. | 10-21-2010 |
| 20110119990 | GROUP 13-15 INTERSTITIAL METAL HYDRIDE CATALYSTS AND ASSOCIATED PROCESSES - The present invention relates to the processing of hydrocarbon-containing feedstreams in the presence of an interstitial metal hydride comprised of at least one chemical element selected from Groups 3-11 (including the lanthanides, atomic numbers 58 to 71), and at least one chemical element selected from Groups 13-15 from the IUPAC Periodic Table of Elements. These interstitial metal hydrides, their catalysts and processes using these interstitial metal hydrides and catalysts of the present invention improve overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as sulfur reduction in hydrocarbon feedstreams. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110119991 | INTERSTITIAL METAL HYDRIDE CATALYST ACTIVITY REGENERATION AND HYDROPROCESSING PROCESSES - The present invention relates to new processes for regenerating oxidized interstitial metal hydride containing catalysts prior to the use of such catalysts in a hydroprocessing process. Interstitial metal hydride containing catalysts are easily oxidized in the environment and once oxidized, the hydroprocessing activity of the interstitial metal hydrides is most often severely diminished and this lost activity due to oxidization of the iMeH is not susceptible to recovery under hydroprocessing conditions. As a result, these catalysts in the present art require considerable special handling in inert environments all through processes from fabrication, shipping, loading, use, and maintenance of the catalyst systems to protect the activity of the interstitial metal hydride components. The present invention embodies a process regenerating oxidized interstitial metal hydride containing catalysts prior to their use in a hydroprocessing environment, thereby eliminating the requirement for maintaining the interstitial metal hydride containing catalysts in an inert environment, and allowing the handling of such catalysts in an oxidized condition prior to use. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110119992 | OXIDATION RESISTANT INTERSTITIAL METAL HYDRIDE CATALYSTS AND ASSOCIATED PROCESSES - The present invention relates to novel interstitial metal hydrides and catalyst containing interstitial metal hydrides that are resistant to oxidation and resultant loss of catalytic activity. The processes of the present invention include use of these improved, oxidation resistant interstitial metal hydride compositions for improved overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as sulfur reduction in hydrocarbon feedstreams. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110119993 | HIGH SEVERITY HYDROPROCESSING INTERSTITIAL METAL HYDRIDE CATALYSTS AND ASSOCIATED PROCESSES - The present invention relates to the processing of hydrocarbon-containing feedstreams in the presence of an interstitial metal hydride containing catalyst and hydrogen at process conditions of at least 400 psig pressure and temperatures of at least 200° C. These processes use interstitial metal hydrides that possess significant hydrogen capacities and high hydrogen kinetics rate properties. The catalysts and processes of the present invention may be used with or without radio frequency or microwave energy and are preferably run under conditions of high hydrogen partial pressure above about 350 psia. The catalysts and processes of the present invention can improve overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as sulfur reduction in hydrocarbon feedstreams as compared to processes of the prior art operated under similar conditions. | 05-26-2011 |
