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| 20080218184 | NANOPORE PLATFORMS FOR ION CHANNEL RECORDINGS AND SINGLE MOLECULE DETECTION AND ANALYSIS - Chemical modification of a glass and fused silica nanopore surfaces results in surface properties that are ideal for localized bilayer formation over a nanopore and subsequent ion channel recording. With no surface modification, one may form a bilayer supported on the glass capillary extending across the nanopore orifice. Changing the surface properties from that of bare glass to a moderately hydrophobic surface produces a lipid monolayer above the glass and spontaneously yields a bilayer across the nanopore orifice, effectively corralling a single protein ion channel in the lipid bilayer region spanning nanopore orifice. The bilayer structure over the modified nanopore is such that current can only flow through the protein ion channel. The protein ion channel is able to diffuse in the bilayer above the pore opening, but cannot leave this area to enter the lipid monolayer. The bilayer formed across the nanopore orifice exhibits high electrical breakdown voltage, is stable to mechanical vibrations, and is long lived. Resistance through the protein channel can be measured electrically and is exploited for stochastic single-molecule detection. Protein ion channels can be inserted and removed from the bilayer by adjusting transmembrane pressure, and adapter molecules can be electrostatically trapped in the ion channel by applying high transmembrane voltages. | 09-11-2008 |
| 20090142504 | Method and Apparatus for Single Side Bilayer Formation - An apparatus for single-sided bilayer formation includes a first fluid chamber including a sidewall and a second fluid chamber extending through the sidewall. A barrier wall separates the first and second fluid chambers and includes a nanopore therein across which a planar lipid bilayer (PLB) is formed. In use, an electrolyte is added to the first and second fluid chambers and a lipid/organic solvent mixture is added to the first fluid chamber to form a lipid/organic solvent layer. The electrolyte level within the first fluid chamber is adjusted such that the lipid layer is raised above the barrier wall and a PLB is formed. Electrolyte levels may be adjusted manually or utilizing a fluid level regulator with or without feedback control. Optionally, the apparatus may be in the form of a nanopore array. The apparatus may be incorporated into an ion channel sensing system wherein an electrical current through each PLB is separately recorded. | 06-04-2009 |
| 20100025263 | NANOPORE PARTICLE ANALYZER, METHOD OF PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF - Provided are the preparation, characterization, and application of a nanopore membrane device. The nanopore device comprises a thin membrane prepared from glass, fused silica, ceramics or quartz, containing one or more nanopores ranging from about 2 nm to about 500 nm. The nanopore is prepared by a template method using sharpened metal wires and the size of the pore opening can be controlled during fabrication by an electrical feedback circuit. The nanopore device is particularly useful for counting and analyzing nanoparticles of radius less than 400 nm. | 02-04-2010 |
| 20100320094 | Nanopore Platforms for Ion Channel Recordings and Single Molecule Detection and Analysis - A nanopore device includes a membrane having a nanopore extending there through forming a channel from a first side of the membrane to a second side of the membrane. The surface of the channel and first side of the membrane are modified with a hydrophobic coating. A first lipid monolayer is deposited on the first side of the membrane, and a second lipid monolayer is deposited on the second side of the membrane, wherein the hydrophobic coating causes spontaneous generation of a lipid bilayer across the nanopore orifice. Sensing entities, such as a protein ion channel, can be inserted and removed from the bilayer by adjusting transmembrane pressure, and adapter molecules can be electrostatically trapped in the ion channel by applying high transmembrane voltages, while resistance or current flow through the sensing entity can be measured electrically. | 12-23-2010 |
| 20110168551 | Nanopore Electrode, Nanopore Membrane, Methods of Preparation and Surface Modification, and Use Thereof - Provided are fabrication, characterization and application of a nanodisk electrode, a nanopore electrode and a nanopore membrane. These three nanostructures share common fabrication steps. In one embodiment, the fabrication of a disk electrode involves sealing a sharpened internal signal transduction element (“ISTE”) into a substrate, followed by polishing of the substrate until a nanometer-sized disk of the ISTE is exposed. The fabrication of a nanopore electrode is accomplished by etching the nanodisk electrode to create a pore in the substrate, with the remaining ISTE comprising the pore base. Complete removal of the ISTE yields a nanopore membrane, in which a conical shaped pore is embedded in a thin membrane of the substrate. | 07-14-2011 |
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| 20100278984 | Health characteristic non-standardized or standardized high cocoa dark chocolate with improved taste texture, melt, creaminess and reduced bitterness - The present invention provides for a non-standardized dark chocolate composition to have up to | 11-04-2010 |
| 20110287134 | CHOCOLATE DIETARY FIBER SUPPLEMENT AND DELIVERY METHOD - Chocolate or compound coating based fiber compositions, which have at least about 20% of a fiber component, by weight of the formula, that provide a safe and effective amount of fiber component to a user are disclosed. This delivery method can utilize either a bulk forming fiber like psyllium, or a non-bulk forming fiber like inulin or a combination of both types of fiber components. The fiber easily can be incorporated into the compositions without adversely affecting the stability, feel, and taste of the compositions. The nutritional profiles of these fiber compositions are consistent with dietary guidelines, which physicians follow when prescribing fiber compositions as supplements or for cholesterol reduction purposes. Also disclosed is a method of producing such compositions and a method of providing a safe and effective amount of fiber component to a user. | 11-24-2011 |
| 20110288182 | HEALTH CHARACTERISTIC DULCE DE LECHE CONFECTION COMPOSITIONS AND FLAVORED MILK - The present invention provides for Dulce de Leche confection compositions and Dulce de Leche based flavored milk that has an improved, healthier fat structure, unique antioxidant taste profile, lower sugar content, fiber component, and a 0% or greater supplement component that can add additional dietary benefits. Cholesterol reduction can be accomplished within certain embodiments of this invention. Specific ratios of ingredients within our compositions create a taste, texture, mouth feel, and rich and creamy true Dulce de Leche confection without the negative health ramifications of high milk fat content and sugar content characteristic of traditional Dulce de Leche products. Additionally, the method for preparing these Dulce de Leche confection products and flavored milk are covered. | 11-24-2011 |
| 20110313055 | HEALTH CHARACTERISTIC CHEWY OR GUMMY CANDY CONFECTION - The present invention provides for flavored chewy or gummy candy confections made by making a flavored chewy or gummy candy confection from scratch or adjusting a current flavored chewy or gummy candy confection brand product with our invention. This invention can have a healthier group of edible oils component, unique antioxidant taste profile component, fiber component, water component, emulsifier component, and potentially a 0% or greater supplement component that can add additional dietary benefits. Specific ratios of ingredients can lower sugar content up to 75% while creating a product with a taste, texture, and mouth feel similar to regular flavored chewy or gummy candy. The reduction of sugar possible within this invention can reduce the negative health ramifications of high sugar content that current flavored chewy or gummy candy confections suffer from and the addition of the healthier ingredients adds some improved health characteristics to the products that usually are devoid of nutrition. Additionally, the method for preparing a flavored chewy or gummy candy confection with these improved health characteristics, taste profile, and dietary benefits are covered. | 12-22-2011 |
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| 20100278977 | Health characteristic Caramel Flavored Confection, Chews, Hard Candy, and Caramel Flavored Milk - The present invention provides for caramel flavored confections, chews, hard candies or caramel flavored milk that has an improved, healthier fat structure, unique antioxidant taste profile, fiber component, and a 0% or greater supplement component that can add additional dietary benefits. Cholesterol reduction and cardiovascular health and removal of cholesterol from the bloodstream can be accomplished within certain compositions of this invention. Specific ratios of ingredients create a taste, texture, to mouthfeel, and rich flavor similar to a high milk fat or butter fat based caramel without the negative health ramifications of high milk fat based type caramels. Additionally, the method for preparing a caramel flavored confection, chews, and milk with these improved health characteristics, taste profile, and dietary benefits are covered. | 11-04-2010 |
| 20100278978 | Reduced Milk Fat Non-standardized Milk Chocolate (Milk Fat Free/Low Milk fat) and Standardized Reduced Milk Fat Milk Chocolate with Improved Health Characteristics - A reduced milk fat, reduced sugar, improved health characteristic, higher antioxidant content, improved taste, texture, melt, and creaminess non-standardized milk chocolate that can have a milk fat content of 0% to 8% and is blended with a standardized chocolate, an edible oil blend, 100% Cocoa Powder, Confectionery Sugar, Cocoa Seed Butter Crystals, and synergistic antioxidant flavor blend including; Virgin Coconut Oil, Vanilla Powder, Blackberry, and Acai Berry. A standardized milk chocolate product with 3.69% or higher milk fat that has improved health characteristics , higher antioxidant content, improved taste, texture, melt, and creaminess from a synergistic antioxidant flavor blend including; Virgin Coconut Oil, Vanilla Powder, Blackberry, and Acai Berry. The ingredients are in specific amounts and ratios such that they can be easily incorporated into the compositions without adversely affecting the stability or feel, and actually improve taste, texture, melt, and creaminess as well as improve health characteristics of the compositions. The compositions can be manufactured and sold in any format that current chocolate confectionery products are sold in including; squares, tablet bars, molded shapes, as coatings or as enrobing material, or as ingredients in foods that have chocolate or chocolate compositions in them, etc. Additionally the process for preparing such compositions is provided. | 11-04-2010 |
| 20100278981 | Meal Replacement and Appetite Control/ Diet System - The present invention provides a composition of nutritive based ingredients that together provide a source of balanced and provides the ability to control food cravings, increase satiety, promote a feeling of fullness and provide a user a method to maintain a healthy weight and or achieve weight loss. This composition of ingredients includes a chocolate or caramel flavored confection component, a high protein component, a fiber blend component, an edible oil component, an antioxidant component from natural occurring sources, a supplement component that can provide specific health benefits as well as a balanced group of vitamins and minerals. The composition of ingredients can be delivered in a variety of food platforms. A functional food confectionery is a preferred platform for our invention delivery system. Portion control bars and/or bars that have pre-determined break points that control portion size and portioned squares or other shapes would be the preferred product structure. A complete weight loss and weight maintenance methodology, including use instructions for incorporating the products within the daily diet is identified. Methods of manufacturing and compositions are also included. | 11-04-2010 |
| 20110287134 | CHOCOLATE DIETARY FIBER SUPPLEMENT AND DELIVERY METHOD - Chocolate or compound coating based fiber compositions, which have at least about 20% of a fiber component, by weight of the formula, that provide a safe and effective amount of fiber component to a user are disclosed. This delivery method can utilize either a bulk forming fiber like psyllium, or a non-bulk forming fiber like inulin or a combination of both types of fiber components. The fiber easily can be incorporated into the compositions without adversely affecting the stability, feel, and taste of the compositions. The nutritional profiles of these fiber compositions are consistent with dietary guidelines, which physicians follow when prescribing fiber compositions as supplements or for cholesterol reduction purposes. Also disclosed is a method of producing such compositions and a method of providing a safe and effective amount of fiber component to a user. | 11-24-2011 |
| 20110288182 | HEALTH CHARACTERISTIC DULCE DE LECHE CONFECTION COMPOSITIONS AND FLAVORED MILK - The present invention provides for Dulce de Leche confection compositions and Dulce de Leche based flavored milk that has an improved, healthier fat structure, unique antioxidant taste profile, lower sugar content, fiber component, and a 0% or greater supplement component that can add additional dietary benefits. Cholesterol reduction can be accomplished within certain embodiments of this invention. Specific ratios of ingredients within our compositions create a taste, texture, mouth feel, and rich and creamy true Dulce de Leche confection without the negative health ramifications of high milk fat content and sugar content characteristic of traditional Dulce de Leche products. Additionally, the method for preparing these Dulce de Leche confection products and flavored milk are covered. | 11-24-2011 |
| 20110313055 | HEALTH CHARACTERISTIC CHEWY OR GUMMY CANDY CONFECTION - The present invention provides for flavored chewy or gummy candy confections made by making a flavored chewy or gummy candy confection from scratch or adjusting a current flavored chewy or gummy candy confection brand product with our invention. This invention can have a healthier group of edible oils component, unique antioxidant taste profile component, fiber component, water component, emulsifier component, and potentially a 0% or greater supplement component that can add additional dietary benefits. Specific ratios of ingredients can lower sugar content up to 75% while creating a product with a taste, texture, and mouth feel similar to regular flavored chewy or gummy candy. The reduction of sugar possible within this invention can reduce the negative health ramifications of high sugar content that current flavored chewy or gummy candy confections suffer from and the addition of the healthier ingredients adds some improved health characteristics to the products that usually are devoid of nutrition. Additionally, the method for preparing a flavored chewy or gummy candy confection with these improved health characteristics, taste profile, and dietary benefits are covered. | 12-22-2011 |
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| 20110201161 | METHOD OF FORMING A BURIED PLATE BY ION IMPLANTATION - A mask layer formed over a semiconductor substrate is lithographically patterned to form an opening therein. Ions are implanted at an angle that is normal to the surface of the semiconductor substrate through the opening and into an upper portion of the semiconductor substrate. Straggle of the implanted ions form a doped region that laterally extends beyond a horizontal cross-sectional area of the opening. A deep trench is formed by performing an anisotropic etch of a semiconductor material underneath the opening to a depth above a deep end of an implanted region. Ion implantation steps and anisotropic etch steps are alternately employed to extend the depth of the doped region and the depth of the deep trench, thereby forming a doped region around a deep trench that has narrow lateral dimensions. The doped region can be employed as a buried plate for a deep trench capacitor. | 08-18-2011 |
| 20110215412 | STRUCTURE AND METHOD TO FABRICATE pFETS WITH SUPERIOR GIDL BY LOCALIZING WORKFUNCTION - A semiconductor structure and a method of forming the same are provided in which the gate induced drain leakage is controlled by introducing a workfunction tuning species within selected portions of a pFET such that the gate/SD (source/drain) overlap area of the pFET is tailored towards flatband, yet not affecting the workfunction at the device channel region. The structure includes a semiconductor substrate having at least one patterned gate stack located within a pFET device region of the semiconductor substrate. The structure further includes extension regions located within the semiconductor substrate at a footprint of the at least one patterned gate stack. A channel region is also present and is located within the semiconductor substrate beneath the at least one patterned gate stack. The structure further includes a localized workfunction tuning area located within a portion of at least one of the extension regions that is positioned adjacent the channel region as well as within at least a sidewall portion of the at least one gate stack. The localized workfunction tuning area can be formed by ion implantation or annealing. | 09-08-2011 |
| 20110272762 | EMBEDDED DRAM FOR EXTREMELY THIN SEMICONDUCTOR-ON-INSULATOR - A node dielectric and a conductive trench fill region filling a deep trench are recessed to a depth that is substantially coplanar with a top surface of a semiconductor-on-insulator (SOI) layer. A shallow trench isolation portion is formed on one side of an upper portion of the deep trench, while the other side of the upper portion of the deep trench provides an exposed surface of a semiconductor material of the conductive fill region. A selective epitaxy process is performed to deposit a raised source region and a raised strap region. The raised source region is formed directly on a planar source region within the SOI layer, and the raised strap region is formed directly on the conductive fill region. The raised strap region contacts the raised source region to provide an electrically conductive path between the planar source region and the conductive fill region. | 11-10-2011 |
| 20110291169 | REDUCED CORNER LEAKAGE IN SOI STRUCTURE AND METHOD - A structural alternative to retro doping to reduce transistor leakage is provided by providing a liner in a trench, undercutting a conduction channel region in an active semiconductor layer, etching a side, corner and/or bottom of the conduction channel where the undercut exposes semiconductor material in the active layer and replacing the removed portion of the conduction channel with insulator. This shaping of the conduction channel increases the distance to adjacent circuit elements which, if charged, could otherwise induce a voltage and cause a change in back-channel threshold in regions of the conduction channel and narrows and reduces cross-sectional area of the channel where the conduction in the channel is not well-controlled; both of which effects significantly reduce leakage of the transistor. | 12-01-2011 |
| 20120068237 | SELF-ALIGNED STRAP FOR EMBEDDED CAPACITOR AND REPLACEMENT GATE DEVICES - After forming a planarization dielectric layer in a replacement gate integration scheme, disposable gate structures are removed and a stack of a gate dielectric layer and a gate electrode layer is formed within recessed gate regions. Each gate electrode structure is then recessed below a topmost surface of the gate dielectric layer. A dielectric metal oxide portion is formed above each gate electrode by planarization. The dielectric metal oxide portions and gate spacers are employed as a self-aligning etch mask in combination with a patterned photoresist to expose and metalize semiconductor surfaces of a source region and an inner electrode in each embedded memory cell structure. The metalized semiconductor portions form metal semiconductor alloy straps that provide a conductive path between the inner electrode of a capacitor and the source of an access transistor. | 03-22-2012 |
| 20120122315 | SELF-ALIGNED DEVICES AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE - A method includes forming patterned lines on a substrate having a predetermined pitch. The method further includes forming spacer sidewalls on sidewalls of the patterned lines. The method further includes forming material in a space between the spacer sidewalls of adjacent patterned lines. The method further includes forming another patterned line from the material by protecting the material in the space between the spacer sidewalls of adjacent patterned lines while removing the spacer sidewalls. The method further includes transferring a pattern of the patterned lines and the another patterned line to the substrate. | 05-17-2012 |
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| 20110014644 | METHODS FOR PREDICTING A CANCER PATIENT'S RESPONSE TO ANTIFOLATE CHEMOTHERAPY - The present invention provides methods for individualizing therapy for cancer treatment, and particularly for evaluating a patient's responsiveness to one or more antifolate therapeutic agents prior to treatment with such agents. Particularly, the invention provides an in vitro chemoresponse assay for predicting a patient's response to an antifolate agent, such as pemetrexed or methotrexate. | 01-20-2011 |
| 20110129822 | MULTI DRUG RESPONSE MARKERS FOR BREAST CANCER CELLS - The present invention provides methods for preparing a gene expression profile of a breast cancer cell, tumor, or cell line, where the gene expression profile may be evaluated for one or more gene expression signatures indicative of multidrug resistance. The signature may be indicative of resistance to one or more chemotherapeutic agents selected from a Taxol (e.g., Docetaxel or Paclitaxel), an antibiotic (e.g., Doxorubicin or Epirubicin), an antimetabolite (e.g., Fluorouracil and/or Gemcitabine), and an alkylating agent (e.g., Cyclophosphamide). Generally, the gene expression profile contains the level of expression for a plurality of genes listed in FIGS. | 06-02-2011 |
| 20110130302 | BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS ASSOCIATED WITH CHEMOTHERAPY OUTCOME FOR BREAST CANCER - The present invention provides methods for preparing drug response and/or resistance profiles for breast tumor specimens, or cells derived therefrom. The drug response and/or resistance profiles are useful for determining effective chemotherapeutic agents for treatment of the tumor or cell to thereby individualize patient therapy. In other aspects, the invention provides a method for identifying a pathway or gene expression signature indicative of a breast cancer cell's sensitivity to a chemotherapeutic agent, which is useful for identifying a population response rate, or patient sub-population likely to respond to the drug candidate. | 06-02-2011 |
