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Douglas S.

Douglas S. Boessneck, Aiken, SC US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20110042129LOW DIELECTRIC GLASS FIBER - A glass fiber having a low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss tangent consists essentially of by weight, as a glass composition, 52 to 60% of SiO02-24-2011

Douglas S. Cinoman, Douglasville, PA US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20080233300Thermosetting powders comprising curing agent adducts of polyesters and strong, flexible powder coatings made therefrom - The present invention provides thermosetting polyester powder or epoxy-containing acrylic powder compositions comprising one or more curing agent adduct of a polyester, preferably a linear polyester, wherein when the said curing agent adduct comprises an adduct of one or more polyepoxy compound, the said polyepoxy compound has an average of 2.01 or more epoxy groups per molecule. The compositions provide flexible coatings, films and capstocks having improved impact resistance, especially for use in automotive and architectural applications. To improve impact strength of coatings and films provided thereby, the compositions comprise curing agent adducts of one or more polyepoxy compound chosen from triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) and triglycidyl trimellitate with a carboxyl functional polyester having a carboxyl equivalent weight of 602 or more. In addition, to further improve the impact strength of coatings and films provided thereby, the compositions may comprise one or more adjunct curing agent, such as glycoluril, an aminoplast resin or a blocked isocyanate.09-25-2008
20090110934Thin chip resistant powder topcoats for steel - The present invention provides chip-resistant powder topcoats for corrosion resistant powder coated steel substrates, such as, for example, automotive suspension coil springs, comprising powder coatings formed from one or more wax and a resin component of one or more toughened epoxy resin. The present invention provides dual coatings of toughened epoxy powder basecoats and topcoats, which may be foamed and/or fiber reinforced. The powder used to form the chip resistant topcoat can further comprise up to 200 phr or, preferably, up to 75 phr of one or more extender, or 0.5 or more phr of one or more extender, such as barium sulfate, while fully retaining its chip resistant properties. In addition, the powder used to form the chip resistant topcoat can be a low temperature curing powder comprising one or more low temperature curing agent. The invention provides methods for making the dual coatings comprising applying to the substrate a toughened, zinc-loaded, epoxy coating powder, applying to the powder coated substrate a wax containing toughened epoxy topcoat and heating to fuse or cure the coating powders.04-30-2009

Douglas S. Clark, Orinda, CA US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090221441THREE-DIMENSIONAL CELLULAR ARRAY CHIP AND PLATFORM FOR TOXICOLOGY ASSAYS - The present invention is directed to a screening platform employing a miniaturized three-dimensional cell chip for high-throughput toxicology screening of test and lead compounds, prodrugs, drugs and P-450 generated drug metabolites. To this end, the three-dimensional cell chip, employs human cells encapsulated in a matrix (e.g., collagen or alginate gels) in volumes as small as 10 nL arrayed on a functionalized substrates (e.g., glass microscope slides) for spatially addressable screening against multiple test compounds. With the present platform, over 3,000 cell-matrix islands may be spotted providing for simultaneous screening against multiple compounds at multiple doses and in high replicate.09-03-2009
20110015088BIOCATALYTIC SOLGEL MICROARRAYS - A system and method for conducting high-throughput interactions between test compositions and analytes, comprising one or more test compositions, and a plurality of independent micromatrices, wherein each said micromatrix encapsulates at least one said test composition; and said micromatrices are made of a material that is permeable to an analyte.01-20-2011
20110045554HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION OF EXTREMOPHILE HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS AND CHAPERONES IN MICROORGANISMS TO INCREASE TOLERANCE TO TOXIC COMPOUNDS - The invention provides methods and compositions for increasing tolerance of microorganisms to toxic agents, such as solvents; and for increasing production of solvents from solvent-generating microorganisms. The methods comprise engineering a microorganism of interest to express a heterologous heat-shock protein/chaperone, e.g., Group II chaperonin or a prefoldin such as γ-prefoldin, where the heterologous protein is from an extremophile, such as an archaean.02-24-2011
20110190162METHOD OF NUCLEIC ACID DELIVERY INTO THREE-DIMENSIONAL CELL CULTURE ARRAYS - The invention is directed to a three-dimensional cell culture array comprising spatially-separated matrices attached to a solid support, wherein a plurality of said matrices encapsulate cells transfected with nucleic acids, method for the preparation of the array and methods reducing the expression of a target gene.08-04-2011

Patent applications by Douglas S. Clark, Orinda, CA US

Douglas S. Deadrick, Derry, NH US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20100157729Seismic Method For Vehicle Detection And Vehicle Weight Classification - A system is provided for detecting the passage of vehicles and the classification thereof by weight using geophone outputs and a unique density measurement in which the number of peaks of the geophone signal above a predetermined threshold over a number of time frames indicates the presence of a vehicle, with the number of time frames in which the density exceeds the threshold indicating whether the vehicle is a heavy vehicle such as a tank, or a light vehicle such as a car, with the threshold eliminating both manmade and natural noise, as well as distinguishing seismic vibrations due to personnel and animals. In one embodiment, various thresholds are utilized to detect the onset of vehicle presence and the end of the event.06-24-2010

Douglas S. Fitzkee, Ephratta, PA US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20110308220NON-ROW SENSITIVE HARVESTING UNIT FOR A CORN HEADER - The non-row sensitive corn harvesting unit utilizes a tine wheel tilted to have tines that extend forwardly and downwardly into a side region of a stalk receiving area bounded by a row divider and which move along an upward and rearward trajectory toward a moving stalk handling element bounding an inlet of a stalk processing or picking channel, for pushing stalks toward the path of the handling element, such that the stalk will be grasped and carried into the channel, providing enhanced non-row sensitivity as well as improved handling of downed stalks. A companion tine wheel can be provided on the opposite side of the receiving area and function in the same manner.12-22-2011

Douglas S. Fitzkee, Ephrata, PA US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20100107869ADJUSTABLE CYLINDER POSITION SENSOR - A device for detecting the absolute position of a cylinder rod is provided. A cylinder assembly has a cylinder body with a gland member positioned thereof. The gland member has a rod opening extending therethrough. An adjustable sensor is mounted on the gland member, the adjustable sensor being operable to read one or more detectable features of the cylinder rod. The adjustable sensor can be incrementally adjusted relative to the cylinder rod to optimize the gap provided between the adjustable sensor and the cylinder rod, allowing the sensor to detect the motion and absolute position of the cylinder rod. The detectable features may be three tracks of data including first timing data and position data.05-06-2010

Douglas S. Gawoski, San Rafael, CA US

Douglas S. Goquen, New Bedford, MA US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090197703MULTI-LAYER CORE GOLF BALL - Golf balls comprising a multi-layer core and a cover are disclosed. The multi-layer core comprises a thermoset rubber inner core, a thermoset rubber first intermediate core layer, a thermoplastic second intermediate core layer, and a thermoset rubber outer core layer. The inner core is preferably formed from a softer rubber than the first intermediate core layer.08-06-2009

Douglas S. Gorguen, New Bedford, MA US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20110009213GOLF BALLS HAVING LAYERS MADE FROM THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING NUCLEATING AGENTS - Golf balls containing at least one layer made from a thermoplastic composition comprising a benzenetrisamide nucleating agent are provided. The thermoplastic composition may be an ionomer or non-ionomer resin. Golf balls of various constructions may be made including two-piece, three-piece, and four-piece balls. The composition is used preferably to form a golf ball core having improved resiliency, durability, toughness, and impact strength.01-13-2011

Douglas S. Kernodle, Brentwood, TN US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090325298Pro-Apoptotic Bacteria and Compositions for Delivery and Expression of Antigens - Whole-cell vaccines and methods for enhancing the immunogenicity of cellular microorganisms for use in producing protective immune responses in vertebrate hosts subsequently exposed to pathogenic bacteria or for use as vectors to express exogenous antigens and induce responses against other infectious agents or cancer cells. The present invention involves an additional method of enhancing antigen presentation by intracellular bacteria in a manner that improves vaccine efficacy. After identifying an enzyme that has an anti-apoptotic effect upon host cells infected by an intracellular microbe, the activity of the enzyme produced by the intracellular microbe is reduced by expressing a mutant copy of the enzyme, thereby modifying the microbe so that it increases immunogenicity.12-31-2009
20110243992METHODS OF ENHANCING THE IMMUNOGENICITY OF MYCOBACTERIA AND COMPOSITIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCER, TUBERCULOSIS, AND FIBROSING LUNG DISEASES - Whole-cell vaccines and methods for enhancing the immunogenicity of cellular microorganisms for use in producing protective immune responses in vertebrate hosts subsequently exposed to pathogenic bacteria or for use as vectors to express exogenous antigens and induce responses against other infectious agents or cancer cells. The present invention involves an additional method of enhancing antigen presentation by intracellular bacteria in a manner that improves vaccine efficacy. After identifying an enzyme that has an anti-apoptotic effect upon host cells infected by an intracellular microbe, the activity of the enzyme produced by the intracellular microbe is reduced by expressing a mutant copy of the enzyme, thereby modifying the microbe so that it increases immunogenicity.10-06-2011

Douglas S. Krafte, Carrboro, NC US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090036538TREATMENT METHODS USING TRIARYL METHANE COMPOUNDS - The use of novel inhibitors of potassium flux is disclosed for the treatment of inflammatory processes, such as multiple sclerosis, insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, peripheral neuritis and pulmonary hypertension. The compounds are also of use in treating and preventing stroke. These inhibitors have a high specificity for the IK1 channel and greater stability relative to non-fluorine substituted homologues.02-05-2009
20100056637TREATMENT METHODS USING TRIARYL METHANE COMPOUNDS - The present invention provides methods of treating or preventing asthma or an inflammatory disease. In one embodiment, the invention provides compounds and formulations for the treatment of asthma or an inflammatory disease.03-04-2010

Patent applications by Douglas S. Krafte, Carrboro, NC US

Douglas S. Larson, Jr., Wilmington, DE US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090110859POLY(HYDROXYALKANOIC ACID) COMPOSITION - Disclosed is a composition comprising poly(hydroxyalkanoic acid) and an impact modifier having repeat units derived from an alkyl acrylate and optionally a comonomer. Also disclosed is a process for producing the composition and an article comprising the composition.04-30-2009

Douglas S. Noddings, Export, PA US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090249005SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING A BACKUP/RESTORE INTERFACE FOR THIRD PARTY HSM CLIENTS - A method for performing a backup of a stub object located on a file system managed by a hierarchical storage manager configured to migrate data objects from the file system to a migration storage pool is provided. The stub object includes information for recalling a migrated data object. The method comprises determining whether a backup copy of the migrated data object is stored in a backup storage pool if the backup is performed in an incremental backup operation; directing the hierarchical storage manager to recall the migrated data object to the file system if the backup copy of the migrated data object is not stored in the backup storage pool or if the backup is performed in a selective backup operation; creating the backup copy of the migrated data object if the migrated data object is recalled; storing the backup copy of the migrated data object in the backup storage pool if the migrated data object is recalled; creating a backup copy of the stub object if the migrated data object is not recalled; storing the backup copy of the stub object from the file system in the backup storage pool if the migrated data object is not recalled; and logically grouping the backup copy of the migrated data object with the backup copy of the stub object in the backup storage pool such that the backup copy of the migrated data object cannot be deleted from the backup storage pool unless the backup copy of the stub object does not exist in the backup storage pool if the migrated data object is not recalled.10-01-2009
20100088271HSM TWO-WAY ORPHAN RECONCILIATION FOR EXTREMELY LARGE FILE SYSTEMS - One aspect of the present invention provides an operation for recovering lost space and maintaining data consistency in a storage environment by providing a two-way orphan reconciliation method for extremely large file systems, such as a Hierarchical Storage Management (HSM) system which manages billions of files. This highly scalable and parallelizable orphan identification process may be used in a HSM controlled environment to enable the execution of a two-way file orphan check. In one embodiment, this orphan check identifies file system client orphans and server object orphans in a single pass by comparing a queue containing a list of migrated files on a storage repository server with a queue containing a list of stub files on a file system. If the queue elements do not match, a file system orphan or server object orphan can appropriately be identified.04-08-2010
20100191708Synchronous Deletion of Managed Files - A method of synchronous deletion of managed files in a file system includes receiving a destroy event for a file to be deleted from the file system, the destroy event being generated upon request to destroy a file or corresponding objects of the files system; processing the received destroy event. Processing the destroy event includes determining if hierarchical storage management of the file system is initiated, and if initiated, continuing processing of the received destroy event; blocking threads indefinitely for an event storm during processing of the received destroy event; determining if the file to be deleted is being premigrated, migrated or is being recalled; aborting migration of the file based on the determination of migration and recall; and deleting the file and server objects corresponding to the file from the file system, where initiation of file deletion and server object deletion are synchronous.07-29-2010
20110145196SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING A BACKUP/RESTORE INTERFACE FOR THIRD PARTY HSM CLIENTS - Performing a backup of a stub object located on a file system managed by a hierarchical storage manager configured to migrate data objects from the file system to a migration storage pool. The stub object includes information for recalling a migrated data object and is configured to determine whether a backup copy of the migrated data object is stored in a backup storage pool if the backup is performed in an incremental backup operation. The backup further includes directing the hierarchical storage manager to recall the migrated data object to the file system if the backup copy of the migrated data object is not stored in the backup storage pool or if the backup is performed in a selective backup operation. The backup additionally includes storing a backup copy of the migrated data object in the backup storage pool if the migrated data object is recalled.06-16-2011

Patent applications by Douglas S. Noddings, Export, PA US

Douglas S. Nottage, Irvine, CA US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20120130859REAL TIME VEHICLE PURCHASE REQUEST MANAGEMENT METHOD AND SYSTEM - A method and apparatus for communicating a purchase request to a dealer immediately. A Data Center system has a system database accessible to a plurality of dealers. A potential buyer submits a purchase request over a computer network to the Data Center system. The purchase request may include product identification data and buyer location information. The Data Center system identifies at least one appropriate dealer to receive the purchase request. The Data Center creates a purchase request record from the data and information provided in the purchase request. The Data Center then communicates the purchase request to the appropriate dealer by immediately storing the purchase request record into the system database such that the purchase request is accessible only to the at least one identified dealer. The purchase request becomes available to the at least one identified dealer immediately upon the creation of the purchase request record.05-24-2012

Douglas S. Ondricek, Dallas, TX US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090289050PROBE CARD THERMAL CONDITIONING SYSTEM - Embodiments of apparatus for thermally conditioning probe cards prior to use in a testing system are provided herein. In some embodiments, a probe card thermal conditioning system may include an enclosure configured to support a probe card and a heat transfer element disposed proximate a bottom of the enclosure for thermally conditioning the probe card prior to installation in a prober. The heat transfer element may be a heating and/or cooling element. A controller may be provided for controlling operation of the heat transfer element, optionally with temperature feedback. Multiple enclosures may be provided for independently conditioning multiple probe cards. The enclosure may be contained in a cart or may be part of shipping container for shipping a probe card. A fan may be provided for circulating air within the enclosure. The fan may facilitate providing a dry purge gas to prevent condensate from forming on the probe card.11-26-2009
20100271062METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROBE CARD ALIGNMENT IN A TEST SYSTEM - Embodiments of methods and apparatus for aligning a probe card assembly in a test system are provided herein. In some embodiments, an apparatus for testing devices may include a probe card assembly having a plurality of probes, each probe having a tip for contacting a device to be tested, and having an identified set of one or more features that are preselected in accordance with selected criteria for aligning the probe card assembly within a prober after installation therein. In some embodiments, the identity of the identified set of one or more features may be communicated to the prober to facilitate a global alignment of the probe card assembly that minimizes an aggregate misalignment of all of the tips in the probe card assembly10-28-2010

Patent applications by Douglas S. Ondricek, Dallas, TX US

Douglas S. Piasecki, Austin, TX US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090085651SYSTEM FOR ADJUSTING OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF BAND GAP VOLTAGE GENERATOR - An apparatus comprises a band gap voltage generator circuit for generating a band gap voltage. A temperature invariant current generator is located within the band gap voltage generator circuit for generating a temperature invariant current. A temperature invariant current correction circuit is located within the band gap voltage generator circuit and adjusts the output voltage responsive to the temperature invariant current without altering temperature characteristics of the temperature invariant current.04-02-2009

Patent applications by Douglas S. Piasecki, Austin, TX US

Douglas S. Search, Poughkeepsie, NY US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20110066989METHOD AND SYSTEM TO AT LEAST PARTIALLY ISOLATE NETS - A method to at least partially isolate a net of a circuit design is provided and includes testing a timing characteristic of a circuit design, identifying from a result of the testing a net of the circuit design to be at least partially isolated from an adjacent net and determining a percentage of the identified net to be partially isolated.03-17-2011

Douglas S. Search, Red Hook, NY US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20080313588METHOD, SYSTEM, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR COUPLED NOISE TIMING VIOLATION AVOIDANCE IN DETAILED ROUTING - A method, system, and computer program product for coupled noise timing violation avoidance in detailed routing of an integrated circuit design are provided. The method includes calculating a noise induced timing violation sensitivity (NITVS) metric for nets in the integrated circuit design as a measure of sensitivity to a timing violation relative to a coupled noise delay adder, prioritizing routing isolation as a function of the NITVS metric for each of the nets to avoid coupled noise timing violations, and outputting the routing isolation priority.12-18-2008
20090070715METHOD FOR ELIMINATING NEGATIVE SLACK IN A NETLIST VIA TRANSFORMATION AND SLACK CATEGORIZATION - A method for eliminating negative slack in a netlist representing a chip design uses a contrived timing environment to overlay information onto the design environment during logic and physical synthesis phase. The overlaid timing information determines which netlist transformation provides a maximum leverage for the negative slack elimination and a way for creating a dynamic transformation recipe tuned for each design. The method further provides upper bounds on the negative slack elimination to prevent the netlist transforms from being applied to situations exceeding the capabilities for improving the design.03-12-2009
20090106711Method for Optimizing of Pipeline Structure Placement - Using a computer and storage, a circuit design process is executed to preserve overall design quality while obtaining quality placements for a full class of pipeline structure signatures. These signatures include classic latch to latch pipelines, as well as a variety of latch to latch and mixed logic pipelines. The process employs a method for optimizing pipeline structure placement in a circuit design, by initiating an analysis of pipeline logic structures for correcting poor quality of result (QOR) placements by identifying poor placements caused by placement algorithmic response to degenerate cases and in the process of analysis preserving high quality placements of global placement and timing to preserve preponderant non-degenerate cases in said circuit design. Then employing a plurality of global placement steps, wherein each subsequent placement's quality of result (QOR) is dependent upon the prior placement's quality of result (QOR), circuits are identified as being involved in a class of degenerate cases, and circuits having poor placements are removed by unplacing them from the global placement solution and also other non-degenerate poor quality placements are corrected.04-23-2009
20100223588REDUCING COUPLING BETWEEN WIRES OF AN ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT - A routing method for reducing coupling between wires of an electronic circuit is proposed, wherein sets of nets are classified according to their coupling characteristics, and spacing between wires assigned to the sets of nets is chosen according to the coupling characteristics.09-02-2010

Patent applications by Douglas S. Search, Red Hook, NY US

Douglas S. Smith, Rochester, NY US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20080307638DICOROTRON WIRE ASSEMBLY REMOVAL AND STORAGE TOOL - A system and apparatus that removes and collects non-functional wire assemblies from dicorotron units is described. It has a removal tool with flexible levers mounted on the top of a storage box. The removal tool has an open top and bottom, the open bottom is aligned with an opening in the top of the box to permit a dislodged anchor and wire assembly to fall therethrough.12-18-2008

Patent applications by Douglas S. Smith, Rochester, NY US

Douglas S. States, Hermantown, MN US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20080308400WORK MACHINE OPERATOR INPUT ASSEMBLY - An operator input assembly includes an operator input device. The operator input device includes a paddle and a leaf spring interfacing with the paddle so as to bias the paddle to a predetermined position. The paddle includes a region which interfaces with the leaf spring.12-18-2008

Douglas S. Stolarik, Mentor, OH US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090166273FLOW-CONTROL SUPPORTS FOR DISTRIBUTOR PLATES IN COMPOSITE PRESSURE VESSEL ASSEMBLIES - The present invention provides a flow-control support for a distributor plate in a composite pressure vessel. The distributor plate includes a thermoplastic polymeric disk having a top side, a bottom side, a perimeter edge and a central opening and a plurality of fluid flow passages through the disk. The flow-control support is disposed between the bottom side of the disk and an inner side of an end of a thermoplastic liner assembly. The flow-control support includes a spirally fluted upper surface that is adapted to direct fluid flowing from a supply pipe disposed in the central opening of a distributor plate that is supported by the flow control support such that the fluid swirls in a space between the bottom side of the distributor plate and an inner side of an end portion of a water treatment vessel. The swirling water insures that fluid is distributed to substantially all of the fluid flow passages through the disk during backwashing operations.07-02-2009
20100101658COMPOSITE PRESSURE VESSEL ASSEMBLY CONTAINING DISTRIBUTOR PLATE - The present invention provides a composite pressure vessel containing a distributor plate. The distributor plate comprises a thermoplastic polymeric disk having a top side, a bottom side, a perimeter edge and a central opening. The disk is provided with a plurality of radial slits, which define fluid flow passages through the disk between the central opening and the perimeter edge. The fluid flow passages through the disk are adapted to swirl fluid flowing through the disk from the bottom side to the top side such that it swirls around the central opening. The perimeter edge of the distributor plate is joined to an inner side of a thermoplastic liner during or immediately after the thermoplastic liner is formed by a blow-molding process or a rotational molding process.04-29-2010
20110192781HOUSING FOR REVERSE OSMOSIS FILTER CARTRIDGE AND METHOD OF FORMING SAME - Housings for reverse osmosis filter cartridges and methods of making the same. The housings include: (08-11-2011

Patent applications by Douglas S. Stolarik, Mentor, OH US

Douglas S. Stolarik, Concord Township, OH US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20090039009DISTRIBUTOR PLATES FOR COMPOSITE PRESSURE VESSEL ASSEMBLIES AND METHODS - The present invention provides: a distributor plate for a composite pressure vessel. The distributor plate includes a thermoplastic polymeric disk having a top side, a bottom side, a perimeter edge and a central opening. Radial slits are formed in the disk to define fluid flow passages through the disk between the central opening and the perimeter edge. The fluid flow passages through the disk are adapted to swirl fluid flowing through the disk from the bottom side to the top side around the central opening. The present invention also provides a water treatment vessel that includes one or more distributor plates, a method for manufacturing a composite pressure vessel that includes one or more of the distributor plates and a method for preparing a composite pressure vessel that includes one or more of the distributor plate for use as a water treatment apparatus.02-12-2009
20100263746DISTRIBUTOR PLATES FOR COMPOSITE PRESSURE VESSEL ASSEMBLIES AND METHODS - The present invention provides: a distributor plate for a composite pressure vessel. The distributor plate includes a thermoplastic polymeric disk having a top side, a bottom side, a perimeter edge and a central opening. Radial slits are formed in the disk to define fluid flow passages through the disk between the central opening and the perimeter edge. The fluid flow passages through the disk are adapted to swirl fluid flowing through the disk from the bottom side to the top side around the central opening.10-21-2010

Douglas S. Taylor, Davis, CA US

Patent application numberDescriptionPublished
20100241357Single-Cell Raman Spectroscopy for the Non-Destructive, Non-Invasive Analysis of Cells and Cellular Components - Raman spectra of cells, such as normal human T- and B-cells from peripheral blood or human tonsil and the corresponding transformed cells are obtained by optically trapping the cells and obtaining their Raman spectra. The trapped cells can be subjected to one, two, or more different excitation wavelengths, and each wavelength of the corresponding Raman spectra can be stored in a separate channel. In preferred embodiments, two spectra are subtracted from each other to give a difference spectrum and each channel is analyzed independently to characterize the trapped cell. Alternatively, the Raman spectrum can be subjected to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in order to characterize the trapped cell. The trapped cell thus classified can be sorted, or further manipulated.09-23-2010