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| 20100140726 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING MAGNETIC ELEMENTS HAVING ENHANCED MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY AND MEMORIES USING SUCH MAGNETIC ELEMENTS - A method and system for providing a magnetic element are described. The magnetic element includes pinned and free layers, a nonmagnetic spacer layer between the free and pinned layers, and a stability structure. The free layer is between the spacer layer and the stability structure. The free layer has a free layer magnetization, at least one free layer easy axis, and at least one hard axis. The stability structure includes magnetic layers and is configured to decrease a first magnetic energy corresponding to the free layer magnetization being aligned with the at least one easy axis without decreasing a second magnetic energy corresponding to the free layer magnetization being aligned with the at least one hard axis. The magnetic element is configured to allow the free layer magnetization to be switched to between states when a write current is passed through the magnetic element. | 06-10-2010 |
| 20110076784 | Fabrication of Magnetic Element Arrays - Techniques for fabricating an array of magnetic elements to form memory and other devices with a high areal density. | 03-31-2011 |
| 20110102948 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING DUAL MAGNETIC TUNNELING JUNCTIONS USABLE IN SPIN TRANSFER TORQUE MAGNETIC MEMORIES - A method and system for providing a magnetic junction usable in a magnetic memory are described. The magnetic junction includes first and second pinned layers, first and second nonmagnetic spacer layers, and a free layer. The first pinned layer has a first pinned layer magnetic moment and is nonmagnetic layer-free. The first nonmagnetic spacer layer resides between the first pinned and free layers. The free layer resides between the first and second nonmagnetic spacer layers. The second pinned layer has a second pinned layer magnetic moment and is nonmagnetic layer-free. The second nonmagnetic spacer layer resides between the free and second pinned layers. The first and second pinned layer magnetic moments are antiferromagnetically coupled and self-pinned. The magnetic junction is configured to allow the free layer to be switched between stable magnetic states when a write current is passed through the magnetic junction. | 05-05-2011 |
| 20110141804 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING DUAL MAGNETIC TUNNELING JUNCTIONS USABLE IN SPIN TRANSFER TORQUE MAGNETIC MEMORIES - A method and system for providing a magnetic junction usable in a magnetic memory are described. The magnetic junction includes first and second pinned layers, first and second nonmagnetic spacer layers, and a free layer. The pinned layers are nonmagnetic layer-free and self-pinned. In some aspects, the magnetic junction is configured to allow the free and second pinned layers to be switched between stable magnetic states when write currents are passed therethrough. The magnetic junction has greater than two stable states. In other aspects, the magnetic junction includes at least third and fourth spacer layers, a second free layer therebetween, and a third pinned layer having a pinned layer magnetic moment, being nonmagnetic layer-free, and being coupled to the second pinned layer. The magnetic junction is configured to allow the free layers to be switched between stable magnetic states when write currents are passed therethrough. | 06-16-2011 |
| 20110254585 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING SPIN TRANSFER BASED LOGIC DEVICES - A method and system for providing a logic device are described. The logic device includes a plurality of magnetic input/channel regions, at least one magnetic sensor region, and at least one sensor coupled with the at least one magnetic sensor region. Each of the magnetic input/channel regions is magnetically biased in a first direction. The magnetic sensor region(s) are magnetically biased in a second direction different from the first direction such that at least one domain wall resides in the magnetic input/channel regions if the logic device is in a quiescent state. The sensor(s) output a signal based on a magnetic state of the magnetic sensor region(s). The input/channel regions and the magnetic sensor region(s) are configured such that the domain wall(s) may move into the magnetic sensor region(s) in response to a logic signal being provided to at least a portion of the magnetic input regions. | 10-20-2011 |
| 20120039119 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING MAGNETIC TUNNELING JUNCTION ELEMENTS HAVING A BIAXIAL ANISOTROPY - A method and system for providing a magnetic junction usable in a magnetic device are described. The magnetic junction includes a pinned layer, a nonmagnetic spacer layer, and a free layer. The nonmagnetic spacer layer is between the pinned layer and the free layer. The free layer has a magnetic anisotropy, at least a portion of which is a biaxial anisotropy. The magnetic junction is configured such that the free layer is switchable between a plurality of stable magnetic states when a write current is passed through the magnetic junction. | 02-16-2012 |
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| 20090268716 | Communication method and apparatus - A method of sorting communication events at a user terminal connected to a communication network and executing a communication client arranged to be operable by a user is provided. The method comprises storing an event list comprising a list of identifiers, each identifier having information relating to at least one previously received communication event associated therewith, wherein the identifier identifies the initiator of the associated at least one previously received communication event and each identifier is listed only once in the list of identifiers. The event list is displayed in a user interface of the communication client. The method further comprises receiving an incoming communication event at the user terminal from an initiating user over the communication network and determining whether the initiating user is present in the list of identifiers stored in the event list. In the case that the initiating user is present in the list of identifiers, the event list is amended by adding information relating to the incoming communication event to the information relating to the at least one previously received communication event associated with the identifier of the initiating user. In the case that the initiating user is not present in the list of identifiers, a new entry is created at the top of the event list comprising an identifier for the initiating user and having information relating to the incoming communication event associated therewith. The display of the event list is updated in the user interface of the communication client. | 10-29-2009 |
| 20090315973 | Processing video communication data - The present invention provides a method of processing video data in a video communication system, and a corresponding program and apparatus. The method comprises: receiving first video data at a first terminal from a second terminal; generating second video data at the first terminal for transmission to the second terminal; selecting the size of a first video area for displaying the first data within a display area; and scaling the first video data to the selected size of the first area and displaying it therein. The method further comprises: determining a second video area for displaying the second data within the display area, the determination of the second area comprising at least determining a location of the second area relative to the first area in dependence on the size of the first area; and scaling the second video data to the second video area and displaying it therein. | 12-24-2009 |
| 20110191695 | Screen sharing - A method of transferring image data from a first terminal to a second terminal connected via a communication network, the method comprising: displaying on a screen of the first terminal a screen image generated by a processor executed application; a processor executing a communication client to: establish a communication event between the first and second terminals and display at the first terminal an interactive selection component; a user at the first terminal actuating the selection component to select at least one object displayed on the screen to be shared with the second terminal, wherein the communication client accesses data defining displayed object dimensions and adjusts the selection component based on those dimensions to cause the at least one object selected by the window selection component to be displayed on a screen of the second terminal by transferring image data over the communication network in the established communication event. | 08-04-2011 |
| 20120056972 | PREMIUM COMMUNICATION SESSIONS - Communication systems and methods for providing premium multiparty communication sessions between a plurality of callers. The plurality of callers may comprise an initiating caller who initiates the premium multiparty communication session but who does not have a status in the communication system which is recognized by an operator of the communication system for allowing the premium multiparty communication session to proceed; and a premium multiparty caller who has a status in the communication system which is recognized by the operator of the communication system such that the operator allows the premium multiparty communication session to proceed, wherein the premium multiparty caller is a different caller to the initiating caller. The premium multiparty caller funding the premium multiparty communication session may be transferred and assigned during communication sessions. | 03-08-2012 |
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| 20090258355 | Nanoscale Clusters and Methods of Making Same - The present invention is a method of making a nanocluster. The method comprises providing a surface comprising at least one anchoring biomolecule, wherein the surface is in a solution; adding an initial recognition-nano-component to the solution wherein the initial recognition-nano-component comprises i) a nanoparticle and one specifically-bindable-biomolecule, or ii) a nanoparticle and two different types of specifically-bindable-biomolecules, wherein a biomolecule of the initial recognition-nano-component specifically binds to the anchoring biomolecule; and adding a releasing biomolecule to the solution, wherein the releasing biomolecule binds to the anchoring biomolecule with a greater binding strength than the anchoring biomolecule binds to the initial recognition-nano-component, or wherein the releasing biomolecule binds to the initial recognition-nano-component with a greater binding strength than anchoring biomolecule binds to the initial recognition-nano-component, thereby making a nanocluster. | 10-15-2009 |
| 20090275465 | DNA-Guided Nanoparticle Assemblies - In some embodiments, DNA-capped nanoparticles are used to define a degree of crystalline order in assemblies thereof. In some embodiments, thermodynamically reversible and stable body-centered cubic (bcc) structures, with particles occupying <˜10% of the unit cell, are formed. Designs and pathways amenable to the crystallization of particle assemblies are identified. In some embodiments, a plasmonic crystal is provided. In some aspects, a method for controlling the properties of particle assemblages is provided. In some embodiments a catalyst is formed from nanoparticles linked by nucleic acid sequences and forming an open crystal structure with catalytically active agents attached to the crystal on its surface or in interstices. | 11-05-2009 |
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| 20080245788 | ELECTRIC APPLIANCE WITH INTERIOR LIGHTING - An electric appliance comprises in particular an interior space which is separable from an outside environment and at least one radiation-emitting device arranged in the interior space for emitting electromagnetic radiation into the interior space. | 10-09-2008 |
| 20100018578 | PHOTOACTIVE MATERIALS CONTAINING GROUP IV NANOSTRUCTURES AND OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES MADE THEREFROM - The present invention provides photoactive materials that include inorganic nanostructures comprising a Group IV semiconductor in combination with electron-transporting, conjugated small molecules, carbon nanostructures, or both. The carbon nanostructures or conjugated small molecules may be selected such that the inorganic nanostructures and the carbon nanostructures (and/or the small molecules) exhibit a type II band offset. The photovoltaic materials are well-suited for use as the active layer in photoactive devices, including photovoltaic devices, photoconductors, and photodetectors. | 01-28-2010 |
| 20100157585 | Organic Lighting Device and Lighting Equipment - An organic luminous means and an illumination device comprising such a luminous means are described. An optical display apparatus, emergency lighting, motor vehicle interior lighting, an item of furniture, a construction material, a glazing and a display comprising such a luminous means and, respectively, comprising an illumination device having such a luminous means are also described. | 06-24-2010 |
| 20110079768 | PHOTOACTIVE MATERIALS CONTAINING BULK AND QUANTUM-CONFINED SEMICONDUCTOR STRUCTURES AND OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES MADE THEREFROM - The present invention provides photoactive materials that include quantum-confined semiconductor nanostructures in combination with non-quantum confined and bulk semiconductor structures to enhance or create a type II band offset structure. The photoactive materials are well-suited for use as the photoactive layer in photoactive devices, including photovoltaic devices, photoconductors and photodetectors. | 04-07-2011 |
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| 20080247467 | Adaptive interpolation filters for video coding - In digital video image encoding and decoding, a filter type is selected based on symmetrical properties of the images and coefficient values of an interpolation filter are calculated based on the selected filter type. Coefficient values, filter tap-length and selected filter-type are provided in the encoded video data. Coefficient values are also calculated based on a prediction signal representative of the different between a video frame and a reference image. The prediction signal is calculated from the reference image based on a predefined base filter and motion estimation performed on the video frame. The predefined base filter has fixed coefficient values. Coefficient values are selected from interpolation of pixel values in a selected image segment in the video frame. Symmetry properties of images can be a vertical symmetry, a horizontal symmetry and a combination thereof, so that only a portion of the filter coefficients are coded. | 10-09-2008 |
| 20090097545 | Fixed-Point Implementation of an Adaptive Image Filter with High Coding Efficiency - In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method comprising: representing coefficients of an adaptive image filter in binary words wherein the coefficients are restricted and the binary words have a maximum number of bits defined at least in part by a precision index; computing at least one of a convolution sum and multiple partial convolution sums of the adaptive image filter wherein the at least one of a convolution sum and multiple partial convolution sums having a constrained value range and having a binary representation with a fixed maximum number of bits; and generating the output of the adaptive image filter based at least in part on the at least one of a convolution sum and multiple partial convolution sums, is disclosed. | 04-16-2009 |
| 20090097547 | Fixed-Point Implementation of an Adaptive Image Filter with High Coding Efficiency - In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method comprising: representing coefficients of an adaptive image filter in binary words wherein the coefficients are restricted and the binary words have a maximum number of bits defined at least in part by a precision index; computing at least one of a convolution sum and multiple partial convolution sums of the adaptive image filter wherein the at least one of a convolution sum and multiple partial convolution sums having a constrained value range and having a binary representation with a fixed maximum number of bits; and generating the output of the adaptive image filter based at least in part on the at least one of a convolution sum and multiple partial convolution sums, is disclosed. | 04-16-2009 |
| 20100246692 | FLEXIBLE INTERPOLATION FILTER STRUCTURES FOR VIDEO CODING - Systems and methods of signaling different filter structures for each pixel or sub-pixel position in motion compensation prediction video coding are provided. An encoder signals to a decoder one filter structure among a plurality of pre-defined candidates that is used for a respective pixel or sub-pixel position. In accordance with one embodiment, filter structures signaled to the decoder from the encoder “switch” between directional filter and radial filter structures during interpolation at the sub-pixel level. In accordance with another embodiment, filter structures that are signaled may switch between a directional filter structure and a separable filter structure at the sub-pixel level. Thus, not only can an encoder switch between different filter structures during interpolation, but a filter structure pair is provided that the encoder can utilize to interpolate a wide range of signals without increasing tap-length. | 09-30-2010 |
| 20100296587 | VIDEO CODING WITH PIXEL-ALIGNED DIRECTIONAL ADAPTIVE INTERPOLATION FILTERS - A system and method for implementing an adaptive interpolation filter structure that achieves high coding efficiency with significantly less complexity than more conventional systems. In various embodiments, a set-of integer pixels are defined that are used in the interpolation process to obtain each sub-pixel sample at different locations. Samples at each sub-pixel positions are generated with independent pixel-aligned one-dimensional (1D) adaptive interpolation filters. The filter coefficients are be transmitted to a decoder or stored into a bit stream. At the decoder end, the received filtered coefficients may be used in an interpolation process to create a motion-compensated prediction. | 11-25-2010 |
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| 20110274256 | VOICEMAIL MODULE - A voicemail module is described, which module is intended to be incorporated into a voicemail system of one or more end users. The voicemail module includes a plurality of settings, some of which may be provided by the developer and some of which may be provided by the end user. For at least some of the settings that are provided by the developer, a flag or some other mechanism is provided for indicating whether the developer allows the end user to modify the setting. Thus, a flexible voicemail module is provided that enables the developer of the module to retain control of the aspects of the module that can be configured by the end user. | 11-10-2011 |
| 20110274263 | VOICEMAIL APPLICATION - An application is described, which application detects that a communication device of a called party is not accepting a call from a calling party and initiates a voicemail application in response to the detecting step. The voicemail application includes a plurality of voicemail modules, each of which is a complete and functional voicemail application. The initiation of the voicemail application includes selecting one of said plurality of possible voicemail modules for use, for example on the basis of the identity (or some other characteristic) of the calling party and/or the identity (or some other characteristic) of the called party. | 11-10-2011 |
| 20110275351 | MOBILE VOICEMAIL APPLICATION - An arrangement is provided for detecting that a called party is not (or is not able) to accept an incoming call, such that a voicemail application should be initiated. In response to this detection, a premium voicemail service is initiated, for example by a SIP server that does not typically form part of the mobile operator of the called party. The premium voicemail service selects one of a number of available voicemail services, typically dependent on the identity of the called party and/or the calling party and provides that voicemail service. The voicemail service(s) offered by the premium voicemail service are user-definable. For example, the user may be able to purchase a particular voicemail service, modify and existing voicemail service and/or design a voicemail service. | 11-10-2011 |
| 20110276952 | TELECOMMUNICATIONS APPLICATION GENERATOR - An arrangement for generating a telecommunications application (such as a voicemail application) is described. The arrangement provides a graphical user interface that enables a user to select telecommunications application building blocks and to position and connect those blocks on the display in order to define an algorithm. The algorithm can be implemented using pre-defined modules for said building blocks. | 11-10-2011 |
