| Patent application number | Description | Published |
|---|
| 20080304601 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM SIGNALS TO OBTAIN TIME INFORMATION - A method and apparatus for processing satellite positioning system signals at a mobile receiver is described. In one example, first bit-transitions within satellite navigation data transmitted by at least one satellite are estimated at the mobile receiver. A bit pattern is generated that includes a known preamble and an extended preamble. The extended preamble includes expected data bits within the satellite navigation data. The first bit-transitions are compared with second bit-transitions of the bit pattern to generate match data. | 12-11-2008 |
| 20090146871 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANAGING TIME IN A SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM - Method and apparatus for time management in a position location system is described. In one example, a time relation is received at a server. The time relation includes a relationship between an air-interface time of a base station and a satellite time for a satellite constellation from a first satellite positioning system (SPS) receiver. The time relation is then stored in the server. In another example, satellite time is determined at a first time for a satellite constellation at an SPS receiver. A time offset is determined between the satellite time and an air-interface time of a base station. The time offset is stored within the SPS receiver. A position of the SPS receiver is computed at a second time using satellite measurements and the stored time offset. | 06-11-2009 |
| 20090153399 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM SIGNALS - Method and apparatus for processing a satellite positioning system (SPS) signal is described. In one example, a timing reference related to a SPS time of day is obtained from a wireless communication signal received by a mobile receiver. A bias in a local clock of the mobile receiver with respect to a frame timing of a repeating code broadcast by the satellite is compensated for in response to the timing reference. An expected code delay window is obtained for the SPS signal at the mobile receiver. The SPS signal is correlated with a reference code within the expected code delay window. In another example, an expected code delay window is obtained at the mobile receiver. The mobile receiver selects a sampling resolution in response to a size of the expected code delay window. The SPS signal is sampled at the selected sampling resolution and then correlated with a reference code. | 06-18-2009 |
| 20090201196 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND DISTRIBUTING SATELLITE TRACKING INFORMATION - A method and apparatus for generating and distributing satellite tracking data to a remote receiver is disclosed. The method for includes extracting from satellite-tracking data initial model parameters representing a current orbit of at least one satellite-positioning-system satellite, computing an orbit model using the initial model parameters, wherein a duration of the orbit model is longer than a duration of the satellite-tracking data, comparing, for an overlapping period of time, the orbit model to the satellite-tracking data; and adjusting the orbit model to match the satellite tracking data for the overlapping period of time so as to form an adjusted orbit model. The adjusted orbit model comprises the long-term-satellite-tracking data. | 08-13-2009 |
| 20090231192 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR GENERATING TEMPORARY EPHEMERIS - Aspects of a method and system for generating temporary ephemeris may include determining one or more positions of a satellite receiver based on a plurality of satellite signals received from a plurality of satellites for which complete ephemeris data has been received at the satellite receiver. Temporary ephemeris data may be generated from the determined one or more positions of the satellite receiver and one or more satellite signals from one or more satellites with incomplete ephemeris data. One or more estimated positions of the satellite receiver may be determined based on the generated temporary ephemeris and a second plurality of satellite signals, wherein at least one of the second plurality of satellite signals is associated with the one or more satellites with incomplete ephemeris data. The temporary ephemeris data may be generated by generating a translated satellite position and a rate of change of an associated receiver clock corrected pseudorange. | 09-17-2009 |
| 20090245167 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING LOCATION SERVICE MESSAGES IN A SATELLITE POSITION LOCATION SYSTEM - Method and apparatus for processing location service messages in a satellite position location system is described. In one example, a mobile receiver includes a satellite signal receiver, wireless circuitry, and at least one module. The satellite signal receiver is configured to receive satellite positioning system signals, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) signals. The wireless circuitry is configured to communicate location service messages between the mobile receiver and a server through a cellular communication network. The location service messages may include any type of data related to A-GPS operation, such as assistance data, position data, request and response data, and the like. The at least one module is configured to provide a user-plane interface and a control-plane interface between the satellite signal receiver and the wireless transceiver. The at least one module is capable of processing location service messages communicated using either the control-plane signaling or user-plane signaling mechanisms. | 10-01-2009 |
| 20090262789 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING SIGNAL CORRELATION USING HISTORICAL CORRELATION DATA - A method and apparatus for estimating a satellite signal parameter in a satellite positioning system receiver is described. In an example, a plurality of correlation results between a satellite signal and a reference signal is generated in response to a command from a processor. At least one satellite signal parameter is estimated from the plurality of correlation results using a co-processor integrated within the satellite positioning system receiver. The at least one satellite signal parameter is then provided to the processor. | 10-22-2009 |
| 20090304051 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING THE TIME REQUIRED TO ACQUIRE A GPS SIGNAL - A method of correlating a digital communications signal is described. In an example, a window is defined equal to a portion of an epoch of the digital communication signal. The digital communication signal is then correlated across the window. A determination is made as to whether a correlation peak results from the correlating. Timing parameters are then established for receiving additional digital communication signals in response to presence of the correlation peak. | 12-10-2009 |
| 20090309794 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENHANCED AUTONOMOUS GPS - Method and apparatus for locating position of a remote receiver is described. In one example, long term satellite tracking data is obtained at a remote receiver. Satellite positioning system (SPS) satellites are detected. Pseudoranges are determined from the remote receiver to the detected SPS satellites. Position of the remote receiver is computed using the pseudoranges and the long term satellite tracking data. SPS satellites may be detected using at least one of acquisition assistance data computed using a previously computed position and a blind search. Use of long term satellite tracking data obviates the need for the remote receiver to decode ephemeris from the satellites. In addition, position of the remote receiver is computed without obtaining an initial position estimate from a server or network. | 12-17-2009 |
| 20090315768 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING A SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM SIGNAL USING A CELLULAR ACQUISITION SIGNAL - Method and apparatus for processing satellite positioning system signals is described. In one example, assistance data is received at a mobile receiver from a first wireless network using a wireless transceiver. The first wireless network may be a non-synchronized cellular network. A time synchronization signal is obtained from a second wireless network at the mobile receiver using a wireless receiver. A time offset is then determined in response to the time synchronization signal. Satellite signals are processed at the mobile receiver using the assistance data and the time offset. The second wireless network may be a synchronized cellular network or may be a non-synchronized cellular network that is externally synchronized to GPS time. | 12-24-2009 |
| 20090315770 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING SATELLITE SIGNALS AT A SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM RECEIVER - Method and apparatus for processing satellite signals in an SPS receiver is described. In one example, the satellite signals are correlated against pseudorandom reference codes to produce correlation results. A determination is made whether the SPS receiver is in a motion condition or a stationary condition. The correlation results are coherently integrated in accordance with a coherent integration period. The coherent integration period is a value that depends upon the motion condition of the SPS receiver. | 12-24-2009 |
| 20100019960 | Method and Apparatus for Mitigating Multipath Effects at a Satellite Signal Receiver Using a Sequential Estimation Filter - A method and apparatus for mitigating multipath effects in a satellite signal receiver is described. In one example, measured pseudoranges are obtained from the satellite signal receiver to a plurality of satellites. For each measured pseudorange: an expected pseudorange is derived from a sequential estimation filter in the satellite signal receiver. The measured pseudorange and the expected pseudorange are differenced to compute a pseudorange residual. The measured pseudorange is applied to the sequential estimation filter only if the pseudorange residual is within a window. | 01-28-2010 |
| 20100039321 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CALIBRATING GROUP DELAY ERRORS IN A COMBINED GPS AND GLONASS RECEIVER - Aspects of a method and system for calibrating group delay errors in a combined GPS and GLONASS receiver are provided. The combined GPS and GLONASS receiver may be enabled to receive both GPS signals and GLONASS signals. GPS based navigation information may be calculated based on the received GPS signals. Group delay errors resulted by the received GLONASS signals may be calibrated based on the GPS based navigation information. Respective GLONASS signals may be estimated in responsive to the GPS based navigation information. Corresponding clock information associated with the estimated GLONASS signals may be transferred from the clock information of the GPS based navigation information. A calibration signal may be generated by comparing the estimated GLONASS signals with the received GLONASS signals. The calibration signal may be processed by an error state Kalman filter and may be used to offset the group delay errors in the combined GPS and GLONASS receiver. | 02-18-2010 |
| 20100066601 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING TIME IN A SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM - Method and apparatus for receiving an estimate of time in a satellite signal receiver receives an estimate of time from a server and compensates for error of a clock in the satellite signal receiver using the estimate of time. The output of the compensated clock is used when computing a position of the satellite signal receiver. The estimate of time is received using a network time protocol (NTP), a simple network time protocol (SNTP), or by one-way broadcast from the server. | 03-18-2010 |
| 20100066605 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DOPPLER ESTIMATION - Aspects of a method and system for Doppler estimation may include generating, in a GNSS receiver operating in a duty-cycle mode, a plurality of lag-m products that may be based on a plurality of correlation coefficients corresponding to one or more received signals, wherein the plurality of correlation coefficients may be generated during an active period of the duty-cycle mode of operation. A Doppler frequency may be estimated based on the plurality of lag-m products. The GNSS receiver may be compliant with one or more standards comprising GALILEO, GLONASS, IRNSS, and BEIDOU. The active period of the duty-cycle mode may be chosen arbitrarily from a range of 1% to 99%. | 03-18-2010 |
| 20100066606 | MULTI-FUNCTION APPLIANCE FOR A SATELLITE NAVIGATION DATA DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM - A multi-function appliance for use in a satellite navigation data distribution system is described. A computer includes an input/output interface and a memory the computer is configured with a plurality of modules. The plurality of modules includes a satellite signal receiver, a packetizer, a network interface, a concentrator, and a decoder. The satellite signal receiver is configured to obtain satellite navigation data from satellite signals. The packetizer is configured to packetize satellite navigation data to produce a reference packet stream. The network interface is configured to transmit packet streams towards a network. The concentrator is configured to remove duplicate packets within reference packet streams to generate a combined packet stream. The decoder is configured to decode satellite data from packet streams. In this manner, the computer may be configured to perform a reference station function, a hub function, or a server function in the satellite navigation data distribution network. | 03-18-2010 |
| 20100066607 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING SATELLITE SIGNALS AT A SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM RECEIVER - Method and apparatus for processing satellite signals in an SPS receiver is described. In one example, the satellite signals are correlated against pseudorandom reference codes to produce correlation results. A determination is made whether the SPS receiver is in a motion condition or a stationary condition. The correlation results are coherently integrated in accordance with a coherent integration period. The coherent integration period is a value that depends upon the motion condition of the SPS receiver. | 03-18-2010 |
| 20100117900 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MAINTAINING A GNSS RECEIVER IN A HOT-START STATE - Aspects of a method and system for maintaining a GNSS receiver in a hot-start state are provided. A GNSS receiver in a standby mode may transition from a sleep state to a wakeup state to acquire ephemeris from, for example, GPS signals, GALILEO signals, and/or GLONASS signals. The acquired ephemeris may be stored and utilized for the GNSS receiver to generate a navigation solution in a normal mode. The GNSS receiver may transition from the normal mode to the sleep state or the wakeup state in standby mode. A sleep period and a wakeup period for the full sleep-wakeup cycle in the standby mode may be predetermined or dynamically adjusted based on required QoS, quality of satellite signals, and/or user inputs. The sleep period and the wakeup period may be selected in a way to ensure a valid and complete ephemeris to be acquired. | 05-13-2010 |
| 20100123623 | Method for adjusting a measurement cycle in a satellite positioning system signal receiver - A method for adjusting a measurement cycle in a satellite signal receiver is described. The method includes adjusting a measurement cycle in a satellite signal receiver by computing a position state comprising at least one of a velocity and a heading of the satellite signal receiver, detecting a change in the position state, and automatically adjusting a frequency of said measurement cycle in response to the change in the position state. | 05-20-2010 |
| 20100149033 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR POWER MANAGEMENT FOR A FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER IN A GNSS RECEIVER CHIP - A frequency synthesizer in a GNSS receiver chip enables duty cycling operation of the frequency synthesizer. The frequency synthesizer is cycled on to generate required clock signals for the GNSS receiver chip, and cycled off during a measurement duty cycle comprising measurement available intervals and measurement unavailable intervals. A reference clock inputted to the frequency synthesizer is on during the measurement duty-cycle. During the measurement available intervals, the frequency synthesizer is cycled on to generate the required clock based on the reference clock. During the measurement unavailable intervals, the frequency synthesizer is cycled off and clock timing is maintained based on the reference clock. A number of elapsed clock cycles of the reference clock is captured for a measurement unavailable interval and transferred to a clock offset. The GNSS receiver chip processes signals received using the required clock and the clock offset in a following measurement available interval. | 06-17-2010 |
| 20100151853 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATING POSITION OF A MOBILE DEVICE IN AN ASSISTED SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM - Method and apparatus for locating position of a mobile device in an assisted satellite positioning system is described. In one example, satellite measurement data is obtained from a plurality of satellites at a mobile device. Position of the mobile device is computed using the satellite measurement data. The position is sent to a cellular device via a wireless ad hoc network. In one example, the wireless ad hoc network comprises a BLUETOOTH communication link. In one example, the mobile device is configured to receive assistance data from a position server through the wireless ad hoc network. For example, the mobile device may comprise a housing configured to plug into a cigarette lighter connector of an automobile and the cellular device may comprise a cellular telephone without location-determination capabilities (i.e., the cellular telephone does not include an integrated GPS receiver). | 06-17-2010 |
| 20100156705 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING ABSOLUTE TIME-OF-DAY IN A MOBILE-ASSISTED SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM - A method and apparatus for determining time-of-day in a mobile receiver is described. In one example, expected pseudoranges to a plurality of satellites are obtained. The expected pseudoranges are based on an initial position of the mobile receiver and an initial time-of-day. Expected line-of-sight data to said plurality of satellites is also obtained. Pseudoranges from said mobile receiver to said plurality of satellites are measured. Update data for the initial time-of-day is computed using a mathematical model relating the pseudoranges, the expected pseudoranges, and the expected line-of-sight data. The expected pseudoranges and the expected line-of-sight data may be obtained from acquisition assistance data transmitted to the mobile receiver by a server. Alternatively, the expected pseudoranges may be obtained from acquisition assistance data, and the expected line-of-sight data may be computed by the mobile receiver using stored satellite trajectory data, such as almanac data. | 06-24-2010 |
| 20100156714 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING THE INTEGRITY OF SATELLITE TRACKING DATA USED BY A REMOTE RECEIVER - A method and apparatus for monitoring the integrity of satellite tracking data used by a remote receiver is described. In one example, a first set of satellite tracking data is received at a server. Integrity data for a second set of satellite tracking data is generated using the first set of satellite tracking data. The integrity data is then transmitted to at least one remote receiver having the second set of satellite tracking data. | 06-24-2010 |
| 20100182196 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING A GLOBAL SECURE USER PLANE LOCATION (SUPL) SERVICE - A method and apparatus for providing assistance data for satellite positioning system receivers utilizing a secure user plane location (SUPL) service. In one embodiment, the assistance data is supplied by a global secure user plane location center that contains global assistance data. | 07-22-2010 |
| 20100182455 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TAGGING DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHS WITH GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION DATA - A method and apparatus for tagging digital photographs with geographic location data is described. In one example, a digital camera includes an imaging unit, a radio frequency/intermediate frequency (RF/IF) front end, and a memory. The imaging unit is configured to generate digital photographs. The RF/IF front end is configured to receive satellite positioning system signals and generate digital samples therefrom. The memory is configured to store a set of digital samples generated by the RF/IF front end with each digital photograph generated by the imaging unit. The digital samples produced by the RF/IF front end may be intermediate frequency samples and may include both in-phase samples and quandrature samples. Notably, the memory stores digital samples of GPS signals, rather than location data. The digital GPS samples may be processed by an off-line processing unit, such as a computer, to produce location data. | 07-22-2010 |
| 20100182991 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRESERVING CONTENT TIMING ACROSS FEMTOCELL INTERFACES VIA TIMESTAMP INSERTION - Aspects of a method and system for preserving content timing across femtocell interfaces via timestamp insertion are provided. In this regard, a femtocell may receive a first time-stamped packet via a first interface and transcode the time-stamped packet. The femtocell may buffer the transcoded packet based on a time-stamp recovered from the packet and may transmit the buffered transcoded packet via a second interface. One of the first interface and the second interface may utilize the Internet Protocol. One of the first interface and the second interface may be a non-cellular interface and the other interface may be a cellular interface. The femtocell may be operable to generate a timestamp corresponding to a time instant at which a time-stamped packet arrived via the first interface or the second interface. The timestamp may be referenced to a clock within a cellular enabled communication devices communicatively coupled to the femtocell. | 07-22-2010 |
| 20100184405 | USER PROFILE BASED CONTENT DELIVERY BETWEEN A STANDARD HANDSET AND A FEMTOCELL DEVICE - An access device receives content from a broadband IP network to be communicated to a wireless handset over a radio access network (RAN). The access device acquires a user profile utilized in the radio network for the wireless handset. Based on the acquired user profile, the access device determines transmission parameters utilized for communicating the received content to the wireless handset using an air interface protocol over the radio access network. A security level and/or a security protocol, a transcoding mechanism, and/or transmission bit rate are determined based on the acquired user profile. A resolution, transmission bit rate, coding structure, security protocol and/or security level for transmitting the received content to the wireless handset are adjusted based on the acquired user profile. Alternately, the access device is enabled to receive content from the wireless handset using a transmission profile determined based on user profile of the wireless handset. | 07-22-2010 |
| 20100184411 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING DATA DISTRIBUTION VIA CELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS UTILIZING AN INTEGRATED FEMTOCELL AND SET-TOP-BOX DEVICE - Aspects of a method and system for controlling data distribution via cellular communications with an integrated femtocell and set-top-box (IFSTB) device are provided. In this regard, a cellular enabled communication device may detect when it is within cellular communication range of a femtocell. Upon detection of the femtocell, the cellular enabled communication device may communicate instructions to a content source instructing the content source to deliver multimedia content to the femtocell. In instances that multimedia content is already being delivered to the cellular enabled communication device prior to the detection, the instructions from the cellular enabled communication device may instruct the content source to redirect the multimedia content to the femtocell. In this regard, the multimedia content may be delivered from the content source to the cellular enabled communication device via the femtocell. The femtocell may deliver at least a portion of the multimedia content to other communication devices. | 07-22-2010 |
| 20100184414 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING AND DELIVERY OF MULTIMEDIA CONTENT BY AN INTEGRATED FEMTOCELL AND SET-TOP-BOX DEVICE - Aspects of a method and system for processing and delivery of multimedia content by an integrated femtocell and set-top-box device are provided. In this regard, a cellular enabled communication device may communicate its capabilities, preferences, and/or settings to an integrated femtocell and set-top-box device, wherein the integrated femtocell and set-top-box device may processes multimedia content for the cellular enabled communication device based on the capabilities, preferences, and/or settings of the cellular enabled communication device. Additionally, the cellular enabled communication device may receive the processed multimedia content from the integrated femtocell and set-top-box device by the cellular enabled communication device. The capabilities, preferences, and/or settings may comprise multimedia processing capabilities, preferences, and/or settings, communication capabilities, preferences, and/or settings, and/or power conditions, preferences, and/or settings. The integrated femtocell and set-top-box device may process the multimedia content to generate a plurality of subset datastreams. | 07-22-2010 |
| 20100184423 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR INSTALLATION AND CONFIGURATION OF A FEMTOCELL - Aspects of a method and system for installation and configuration of a femtocell are provided. In this regard, information for configuring a femtocell to operate in a specified location may be received by the femtocell and may be utilized to configure one or more parameters of the femtocell. Once the femtocell is operational the parameters may be updated and/or optimized based on one or both of characterizations of cellular signals and/or information received from a femtocell registry. In this manner the femtocell may be reconfigured utilizing the updated and/or optimized parameters. The one or more parameters may be configured based on attributes of the location in which the femtocell is to operate. The one or more parameters may be configured based on a location, number, and/or coverage area of other femtocells. The parameters may comprise one or more of: power levels, frequency of operation, and/or antenna beam pattern. | 07-22-2010 |
| 20100184431 | Method and System for Registering Femtocells to Provide Service - Aspects of a method and system for registering femtocells to provide service are provided. In this regard, a communication device may be operable to determine a plurality of femtocells within a vicinity of its location. The communication device may be operable to receive information communicated from one or more of the plurality of femtocells, which are managed by a femtocell management entity. One or more of the plurality of femtocells may be selected for transmitting and/or receiving cellular data based on the communicated information. The communicated information may comprise one or more of global navigation system satellite (GNSS) coordinates, an identification number, potential interference, power levels, location, associated communication devices, and/or directionality of antennas of the one or more femtocells. | 07-22-2010 |
| 20100184450 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING PARAMETERS OF A COMMUNICATION CHANNEL BETWEEN A FEMTOCELL AND A CELLULAR ENABLED COMMUNICATION DEVICE - Aspects of a method and system for controlling parameters of a communication channel between a femtocell and a cellular enabled communication device are provided. In this regard, characteristics of a cellular communication channel established between a cellular enabled communication device and the femtocell may be communicated to a network management entity. The network management entity may determine whether to adjust one or more parameters of the cellular communication channel based on the characteristics. The femtocell and/or the cellular enabled communication device may adjust the one or more parameters based on the determination by the management entity. The characteristics may be determined by the femtocell and/or the cellular enabled communication device. The characteristics may comprise one or more of signal strength, bit error rate, packet error rate, and/or available bandwidth. The parameters may comprise one or more of data rate modulation scheme, error coding scheme, and/or transmitted power levels. | 07-22-2010 |
| 20100186027 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DATA PROCESSING IN A DEVICE WITH INTEGRATED SET-TOP-BOX AND FEMTOCELL FUNCTIONALITY - Aspects of a method and system for data processing in a device with integrated set-top-box and femtocell functionality are provided. Data may be received via an integrated femtocell and set-top-box device and may be synchronously processed, utilizing a common clock, to perform one or more femtocell functions and/or set-top-box functions. The common clock may be derived from global navigation satellite system signals. The integrated femtocell and set-top-box device may convert the received data from a first to a second format. The converted data may be transmitted to a cellular enabled communication device via a cellular transmitter within said integrated femtocell and set-top-box device and/or to a multimedia device via a multimedia interface within said integrated femtocell and set-top-box device. The received data may comprise multimedia content. The integrated femtocell and set-top-box device may be operable to encode, decode, transcode, encrypt, decrypt, scramble, descramble, and present the received multimedia content. | 07-22-2010 |
| 20100189084 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPTIMAL CONTROL OF DATA DELIVERY PATHS FOR A FEMTOCELL NETWORK - A network controller within a femtocell may be operable to control communication of data among devices within a communication system comprising the femtocell and one or more other femtocells, end-point devices, base stations and/or access points and with devices external to the communication system. The network controller may receive and/or analyze status, measurements and/or operating constraints of one or more of the devices. Quality of service constraints, latency constraints, data type constraints and/or security constraints for communication of the data may be determined. The network controller may allocate physical and/or logical resources, may control security and/or quality of service and/or may allocate bandwidth for the communication of the data. The network controller may assign one or more of the devices comprised by the communication system to handle the communication of the data. The data may be communicated via wired, optical and/or wireless interfaces. | 07-29-2010 |
| 20100189085 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HIGH RELIABILITY DELIVERY OF CONTENT TO A PLURALITY OF USERS VIA A PLURALITY OF FEMTOCELLS - A cellular enabled device may be operable to receive replicas of content that are communicated from a plurality of femtocells via transmit diversity. The content may comprise voice, video and/or data. A location of the cellular enabled device may be determined and/or communicated to each of the plurality of femtocells. Synchronization may enable the transmission of the content replicas based on the location of the cellular enabled device. Transmission times of the content replicas may be adjusted based on a location of the cellular enabled device. Transmission power and/or gain of the content replicas that are transmitted from each of the plurality of femtocells may be adjusted based on the location of the cellular enabled device. The content replicas may be received via different ones of a plurality of wireless communication standards. | 07-29-2010 |
| 20100203827 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MITIGATING INTERFERENCE IN A SATELLITE SIGNAL RECEIVER - A method and apparatus for mitigating interference in a satellite signal receiver is described. The satellite signal receiver receives satellite signals from a plurality of satellites. In one example, data transmission of a wireless transceiver operating in proximity to the satellite signal receiver is monitored. A control signal is transmitted to the satellite signal receiver upon occurrence of data transmission from the wireless transceiver. Signal integration within the satellite signal receiver is then gated is response to the control signal. In another example, one or more values of satellite signal samples are selected from a plurality of possible values. A percentage of satellite signal samples having the one or more selected values is monitored over a predefined period. Signal integration within the satellite signal receiver is gated in response to the percentage exceeding a predefined threshold. In yet another example, a gain setting of an automatic gain control circuit within the satellite signal receiver is adjusted in response to detection of interference. | 08-12-2010 |
| 20100210239 | SERVICE MOBILITY VIA A FEMTOCELL INFRASTRUCTURE - Aspects of a method and system for service mobility via a femtocell infrastructure are provided. In this regard, a mobile cellular enabled communication device may detect a femtocell operable to deliver content for one or more services to the mobile cellular enabled communication device, where the one or more services may be provided via a set-top-box communicatively coupled to the femtocell. The mobile cellular enabled communication device may communicate a user profile to the femtocell, wherein information in the profile may be utilized by the set-top-box to authenticate and/or authorize access to the services by the mobile cellular enabled communication device and thus the mobile cellular enabled communication device may receive the content from the set-top-box based on the authentication and/or authorization. The content may comprise voice, video, data, text and/or still images. The mobile cellular enabled communication device may detect the femtocell by receiving one or broadcast messages from the femtocell. | 08-19-2010 |
| 20100215029 | MULTICASTING OR BROADCASTING VIA A PLURALITY OF FEMTOCELLS - Aspects of a method and system for servicing a plurality of users via a plurality of femtocells are provided. In this regard, a cellular enabled communication device may receive portions of a datastream from a plurality of femtocells, reconstruct the datastream from the received portions of the datastream, and process the reconstructed datastream for presentation to a user of the cellular enabled communication device. The received portions may be buffered in the cellular enabled communication device. The portions of the datastream may be associated with a plurality of CDMA channel access codes. The portions of the datastream may be received via a plurality of cellular frequencies. The portions of the datastream may be received during a plurality of TDMA timeslots. Portions of the datastream may be received from a cellular base station. Portions of the datastream may be received from a WiMAX base station. | 08-26-2010 |
| 20100220692 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR NETWORK SYNCHRONIZATION VIA A FEMTOCELL - Aspects of a method and system for communication are provided. In this regard, a femtocell may receive messages from a plurality of different sources comprising one or more other femtocells, one or more cellular enabled communication devices, and one or more non-cellular network nodes. The femtocell may select, based on the received messages, a master clock within one of the plurality of different sources as a master clock for synchronization of the plurality of different sources. A femtocell clock, a global navigational satellite signal (GNSS) clock, a cellular base station clock, or a cellular enabled communication device clock may be selected as the master clock. The femtocell may transmit and/or receive synchronization messages to and/or from the one or more cellular enabled communication devices and the one or more non-cellular network nodes. | 09-02-2010 |
| 20100220731 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SUPPORTING A PLURALITY OF PROVIDERS VIA A SINGLE FEMTOCELL - Aspects of a method and system for supporting a plurality of providers via a single femtocell are provided. In this regard, a femtocell may determine characteristics of one or more VLANs to which it is virtually communicatively coupled via a non-cellular connection and via a cellular connection. Based on the determined characteristics of the one or more VLANs, a cellular transmitter and/or receiver of the femtocell may be controlled to transmit and/or receive packets belonging to the one or more VLANs via the non-cellular connection and/or via the cellular connection. The characteristics of the one or more VLANs may comprise one or more of: cellular standards utilized by the one or more VLANs, cellular frequencies utilized in the one or more VLANs, access technologies utilized by the one or more VLANs, and a duplexing method utilized by the one or more VLANs. | 09-02-2010 |
| 20100222054 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING ACCESS AND UTILIZATION OF FEMTOCELLS VIA A NETWORK BASED SERVICE - Aspects of a method and system for controlling access and utilization of femtocells via a network based service are provided. In this regard, a femtocell management entity communicatively coupled to a network and operable to manage one or more femtocells may be accessed via an end-user communication device. In this manner, the femtocell(s) may be managed via the end-user device such as one of the cellular enabled communication devices. The femtocell management entity may enable establishing one or more SLAs between the femtocell(s) and the cellular enabled communication device(s). The SLA(s) may enable the cellular enabled communication device(s) to establish one or more cellular communication channels with the femtocell(s). The SLA(s) may determine when the cellular communication channels may be established. The SLA(s) may determine how a femtocell owner/operator may be compensated for providing cellular service. The femtocell(s) may be accessed utilizing Internet Protocol. | 09-02-2010 |
| 20100222069 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MITIGATING INTERFERENCE AMONG FEMTOCELLS VIA INTELLIGENT CHANNEL SELECTION - Aspects of a method and system for mitigating interference among femtocells via intelligent channel selection are provided. In this regard, signals which may interfere with cellular communications between a femtocell and a cellular communication device may be detected via the femtocell. Based on the detection, the femtocell may be configured to transmit and/or receive signals on one or more frequencies and/or channels. The one or more frequencies and/or channels may be determined in the femtocell and/or in a network management entity. Detecting interfering signals and configuring the one or more femtocells may occur periodically, upon installation of a femtocell, upon power-up of a femtocell, and/or upon command from a network administrator. The results of the detection may be communicated to one or more other femtocells and/or to a network management entity. | 09-02-2010 |
| 20100225537 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING A SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM SIGNAL USING A CELLULAR ACQUISITION SIGNAL - Method and apparatus for processing satellite positioning system signals is described. In one example, assistance data is received at a mobile receiver from a first wireless network using a wireless transceiver. The first wireless network may be a non-synchronized cellular network. A time synchronization signal is obtained from a second wireless network at the mobile receiver using a wireless receiver. A time offset is then determined in response to the time synchronization signal. Satellite signals are processed at the mobile receiver using the assistance data and the time offset. The second wireless network may be a synchronized cellular network or may be a non-synchronized cellular network that is externally synchronized to GPS time. | 09-09-2010 |
| 20100238069 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING SATELLITE TRAJECTORY DATA AT A SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM RECEIVER - Method and apparatus for locating position of a mobile receiver is described. In one embodiment, satellite measurements are obtained at the mobile receiver for a plurality of satellites in a satellite positioning system constellation. Satellite trajectory data is obtained at the mobile receiver from a server. Ephemeris data is obtained at the mobile receiver from at least one satellite of the plurality of satellites. Position is computed for the mobile receiver using the satellite measurements, the satellite trajectory data, and the ephemeris data. | 09-23-2010 |
| 20100238836 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR TIMELY DELIVERY OF MULTIMEDIA CONTENT VIA A FEMTOCELL - Aspects of a method and system for timely delivery of multimedia content via a femtocell are provided. In this regard, a femtocell may receive data via an upstream path and transmit data via a downstream path. One of the upstream path and downstream path may comprise a cellular path and the other may comprise a non-cellular path. One or both of the upstream path and the downstream path may be audio video bridging (AVB) paths. Data may be stored in the femtocell based on timing characteristics of one or both of the upstream path and the downstream path. Data may be delivered to the femtocell utilizing best effort delivery and the data may be forwarded by the femtocell with guaranteed quality of service. Resources in the femtocell may be reserved and/or synchronized, utilizing AVB protocols, for communication of one or more data streams. | 09-23-2010 |
| 20100246386 | Method and System for Communicating Data Via a Mesh Network of Interconnected Femtocells - Aspects of a method and system for communicating data via a mesh network of interconnected femtocells are provided. In this regard, a plurality of femtocells and/or base stations may be interconnected to form a mesh network. A cellular enabled communication device may be enabled to communicate data to a first of the plurality of interconnected femtocells. The data may be routed by one or more other of the plurality of interconnected femtocells within the mesh network via one or more dynamically determined routes. The one or more dynamically determined routes may be determined based on one or more of a type of the communicated data, a quality of service (QoS) requested by the cellular enabled communication device for communicating the data and/or a cost associated with the routing of the data by the one or more other of the plurality of interconnected femtocells within the mesh network. | 09-30-2010 |
| 20100246482 | Method and System for Dynamic Adjustment of Power and Frequencies in a Femtocell Network - Aspects of a method and system for dynamic adjustment of power, antenna direction and frequencies in a femtocell network are provided. In this regard, a communication system may comprise a plurality of femtocells, one or more base stations, and a femtocell management entity that coordinates operation of the plurality of femtocells. One or more parameters may be communicated from one of the plurality of femtocells and/or one or more base stations to the femtocell management entity. The femtocell management entity may be enabled to utilize the one or more parameters to determine configuration information for one of the plurality of femtocells and/or for one or more remaining ones of the plurality of femtocells. One of the plurality of femtocells may be enabled to receive the determined configuration information from the femtocell management entity. One of the plurality of femtocells may be configured utilizing the received determined configuration information. | 09-30-2010 |
| 20100246483 | Method and System for Communication Between a Plurality of Femtocells to Mitigate Interference Between the Femtocells - Aspects of a method and system for communication between a plurality of femtocells to mitigate interference between the femtocells are provided. In this regard, a first of a plurality of femtocells in a network may receive interference information from one or more other femtocells, one or more base stations, and/or one or more communication devices in the network. The first femtocell may determine configuration information for the first femtocell and one or more other femtocells in the network based on the communicated interference information. The first femtocell and the other femtocells in the network may be configured based on the determined configuration information. The interference between the plurality of femtocells may be mitigated based on configuring the first femtocell and the other femtocells in the network based on the determined configuration information. | 09-30-2010 |
| 20100248762 | Method and System for Mitigating Interference Between a Plurality of Femtocells Utilizing Transmission Deferral - Aspects of a method and system for mitigating interference between a plurality of femtocells utilizing transmission deferral are provided. In this regard, prior to transmission of cellular signals by a femtocell, the femtocell may be operable to detect signals that interfere with cellular communications between the femtocell, one or more base stations, and a cellular enabled communication device that communicates with the femtocell. The femtocell may be operable to defer transmission of the cellular signals for a particular period of time based on the detected interfering signals. During transmission of cellular signals from the femtocell to a cellular enabled communication device, the femtocell may be operable to detect loss of one or more packets of data. The femtocell may be operable to defer transmission of the cellular signals for a particular period of time based on the detected loss of one or more packets of data. | 09-30-2010 |
| 20100254319 | JOINT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN A FEMTOCELL NETWORK - A Femtocell gateway is operable to determine resource usage information among associated Femtocells in a Femtocell network. The Femtocell gateway may be enabled to allocate resources for distributing traffic among the associated Femtocells based on the determined resource usage information comprising IP usage information, radio access usage, and/or physical layer capabilities among the Femtocells. The Femtocell gateway may be enabled to identify Femtocells with excess resources assigned and Femtocells with a need for additional resources to support a particular traffic based on the determined resource usage information. The Femtocell gateway is operable to allocate and/or reallocate at least a portion of excess resources to the Femtocells with the need for the additional resource to support the particular traffic. The Femtocells that share resources with other Femtocells in the Femtocell network is rewarded with credits. The particular traffic is redirected to the Femtocells with excess resources and distributed to destinations. | 10-07-2010 |
| 20100254355 | Method and System for Determining a Location of a Device Using Femtocell Information - Aspects of a method and system for determining a location of a device using femtocell information are provided. In this regard, a femtocell management entity may be operable to receive global navigation system satellite (GNSS) coordinates of one or more of a plurality of femtocells and one or both of a receive signal strength indication (RSSI) and/or power levels of one or more of the plurality of femtocells, which are managed by the femtocell management entity. The femtocell management entity may be operable to determine a location of a communication device that is derived based on the received GNSS coordinates, RSSI and/or power levels of one or more of the plurality of femtocells and communicate the determined location to a communication device. One or more location based applications and/or services within the communication device may be operable to utilize the received determined location to provide mapping and/or location information. | 10-07-2010 |
| 20100254357 | Method and System for Remotely Communicating Information to a Plurality of Devices Within a Femtocell Network - Aspects of a method and system for remotely communicating information to a plurality of devices within a femtocell network are provided. In this regard, a communication system may comprise a plurality of communication devices operable to communicate with one or more of a plurality of femtocells via one or more wireless connections and/or via one or more wired connections. The plurality of femtocells may be managed via a femtocell management entity. One of the plurality of communication devices may be operable to receive information from the femtocell management entity via one or more of the plurality of femtocells utilizing one or both of the one or more wireless connections and/or the one or more wired connections. One of the plurality of communication devices may be configured by utilizing the received information. The received information may comprise one or more of software, service profiles, device configuration data and/or synchronization data. | 10-07-2010 |
| 20100272161 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING FREQUENCY SYNCHRONIZATION - A method and apparatus for performing frequency analysis of sub-epoch correlations to estimate an unknown frequency of a received signal is provided. The method includes forming a sequence of correlation values from a plurality of correlations performed over a period less than a repeating period of a code, and analyzing the sequence of correlation values to estimate the frequency that is used to receive a signal comprising the code. | 10-28-2010 |
| 20100328152 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING SATELLITE POSITIONING SYSTEM SIGNALS - Method and apparatus for processing a satellite positioning system (SPS) signal is described. In one example, a timing reference related to a SPS time of day is obtained from a wireless communication signal received by a mobile receiver. A bias in a local clock of the mobile receiver with respect to a frame timing of a repeating code broadcast by the satellite is compensated for in response to the timing reference. An expected code delay window is obtained for the SPS signal at the mobile receiver. The SPS signal is correlated with a reference code within the expected code delay window. In another example, an expected code delay window is obtained at the mobile receiver. The mobile receiver selects a sampling resolution in response to a size of the expected code delay window. The SPS signal is sampled at the selected sampling resolution and then correlated with a reference code. | 12-30-2010 |
| 20110012779 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR A VIRTUAL WIDE AREA GNSS REFERENCE NETWORK - A GNSS enabled mobile device receives GNSS assistance data in a determined format from a central processing station communicatively coupled to a wide area reference network (WARN). The WARN comprises a first plurality of GNSS tracking stations from which usable signals are received by the central processing station, and a second plurality of GNSS tracking stations from which unusable or no signals are received by the central processing station. The central processing station generates the GNSS assistance data using a complete set of GNSS reference feeds of the WARN. The complete set of GNSS reference feeds comprises actual GNSS reference feeds from the first plurality of GNSS tracking stations and virtual GNSS reference feeds derived for the second plurality of GNSS tracking stations from processed actual GNSS reference feeds. The generated GNSS assistance data is reformatted into a determined format and is communicated to the GNSS enabled mobile device, accordingly. | 01-20-2011 |
| 20110018761 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR A FULL GNSS CAPABLE MULTI-STANDARD SINGLE CHIP - A multi-standard single chip integrated within a multi-standard mobile device concurrently receives multi-standard radio frequency signals by corresponding two or more integrated radios. The multi-standard single chip generates full GNSS measurement comprising pseudo-range information using the received radio frequency signals. The multi-standard single chip comprises a GNSS radio and multiple non-GNSS radios such as Bluetooth. The full GNSS measurement is generated using GNSS radio frequency signals received by the integrated GNSS radio and communicated over, for example, Bluetooth radio. GNSS satellite reference information embedded in radio frequency signals received by the integrated non-GNSS radios is extracted to assist the full GNSS measurement. A full GNSS navigation solution for the multi-standard mobile device is generated internally to and/or externally to the multi-standard single chip depending on the location of a navigation engine. The generation of the full GNSS measurement is independent of a host processor within the multi-standard mobile device. | 01-27-2011 |
| 20110018762 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CALIBRATING A LOCAL GNSS CLOCK USING NON-GNSS SYSTEM CLOCKS IN A GNSS ENABLED MOBILE DEVICE - A GNSS enabled mobile device is operable to receive two or more system clocks via from a plurality of associated non-GNSS communication networks, for example, GSM, GPRS, UMTS, EDGE, EGPRS, LTE, WiMAX, high-speed wireless LAN (WiFi), and/or short-range wireless (Bluetooth). The received system clocks are used to calibrate an local GNSS clock for the GNSS enabled mobile device. The GNSS enabled mobile device communicates the received system clocks with an associated GNSS receiver without using an external circuitry. The GNSS receiver selects a calibration clock from the received system clocks based on the status (active or inactive) of corresponding system clocks. An active system clock is selected as the calibration clock. The associated local GNSS clock is calibrated by removing clock errors from the associated local GNSS clock using the selected calibration clock. The calibrated local GNSS clock is used for detecting GNSS signals and/or processing detected GNSS signals. | 01-27-2011 |
| 20110018764 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SHARING CLOCK SOURCES TO SAVE POWER ON A GNSS ENABLED MOBILE DEVICE - A GNSS enabled mobile device selects an associated local GNSS clock or host clock as a clock source to operate a GNSS radio and one or more non-GNSS radios within the GNSS enabled mobile device. When the GNSS radio is in a GNSS active mode, the local GNSS clock is turned ON and selected to be shared with the host. The host operates the GNSS radio and the non-GNSS radios only using the local GNSS clock instead of the host clock. The host clock is turned OFF to save power. When the GNSS radio is in a GNSS inactive mode, the host clock is turned ON and selected to operate the non-GNSS radios. The local GNSS clock is turned OFF to save power. The non-GNSS radios comprise a Bluetooth radio, a WiFi radio, a FM radio, a cellular radio and/or a WiMAX radio. | 01-27-2011 |
| 20110021166 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ANTENNA DIVERSITY WITH GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS (GNSS) - A wireless device including one or more receivers may selectively couple one or more antennas to one or more receivers based on a directionality of the antennas and an orientation of the antennas with respect to sources of the received wireless signals, which may include global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals. The orientation may be determined utilizing orientation sensors integrated in the wireless device, and may include a MEMS sensor and/or a magnetic compass. The antennas may be selectively coupled to the receivers based on a location of the wireless sources and the orientation of the directionality with respect to sources of the received wireless signals. A received signal strength indicator (RSSI) may be measured for each configuration. The antennas may be coupled sequentially to the receivers to determine a maximum of the RSSI. The antennas may include patch antennas and/or dipole antennas. | 01-27-2011 |
| 20110053645 | Method and Apparatus for Adjusting Reference Oscillator Frequency in a Mobile Wireless Device - A method and apparatus for using a conventional oscillator in a cellular telephone transceiver as a source of a reference signal for a GPS receiver. In one embodiment, the method comprises using a voltage-controlled oscillator (“VCXO”) within a cellular telephone transceiver to generate a reference frequency signal for the GPS receiver. Circuitry within the telephone transceiver generates a frequency error signal. Both of these signals are coupled to GPS circuitry and used to control a carrier numerically controlled oscillator (“NCO”) and a code NCO. The NCOs produce a tuning signal and a timing signal, respectively. The GPS circuitry uses the NCO generated signals to process GPS signals. | 03-03-2011 |
| 20110068978 | Method and Apparatus for Processing Location Service Messages in a Satellite Position Location System - Method and apparatus for processing location service messages in a satellite position location system is described. In one example, a mobile receiver includes a satellite signal receiver, wireless circuitry, and at least one module. The satellite signal receiver is configured to receive satellite positioning system signals, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) signals. The wireless circuitry is configured to communicate location service messages between the mobile receiver and a server through a cellular communication network. The location service messages may include any type of data related to A-GPS operation, such as assistance data, position data, request and response data, and the like. The at least one module is configured to provide a user-plane interface and a control-plane interface between the satellite signal receiver and the wireless transceiver. The at least one module is capable of processing location service messages communicated using either the control-plane signaling or user-plane signaling mechanisms. | 03-24-2011 |
| 20110080319 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RF INTERFERENCE MITIGATION USING A BLANKING WATCHGUARD - A global navigation satellite system (GNSS) enabled mobile device may be operable to monitor and determine counts at which autoblank signals are asserted over time intervals corresponding to consecutive time windows during the RF interference mitigation process using autoblanking. The GNSS enabled mobile device may be operable to disable the generation of a blank signal when the count may be greater than a particular count threshold at the end of the time window. The GNSS enabled mobile device may be operable to enable the generation of a blank signal when the count may be less than or equal to a particular count threshold at the end of the time window. The blank signals may be used to blank the processing of the received GNSS signals. | 04-07-2011 |
| 20110080322 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CALIBRATING GROUP DELAY ERRORS IN A COMBINED GPS AND GLONASS RECEIVER - A combined GPS and GLONASS receiver receives GPS signals and GLONASS signals. A calibration signal is generated utilizing the received GPS signals and/or the received GLONASS signals to offset group delay errors in the received GLONASS signals. The generated calibration signal is filtered through Kalman filters to estimate group delay variations in the received GLONASS signals. The estimated group error delay variations are combined with the received GLONASS signals to calibrate the received GLONASS signals by offsetting the estimated group error delay variations. When GPS signals are not available for use, the combined GPS and GLONASS receiver obtains group delay errors stored or in the received GLONASS signals to estimate calibration coefficients. The estimate calibration coefficients are updated utilizing received GPS and/or GLONASS signals. The updated estimated calibration coefficients are stored before turning off the combined GPS and GLONASS receiver to expedite calibrating of GLONASS signals received upon turning on. | 04-07-2011 |
| 20110148702 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR POLAR QUANTIZATION FOR GNSS DATA - A global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver may be operable to quantize two-dimensional GNSS sample data with an in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) pair to two-dimensional quantized data with a magnitude and angle pair using the polar quantization, for example, an unrestricted polar quantization. The GNSS receiver may be operable to reduce a size of the two-dimensional quantized data for storage by representing the two-dimensional quantized data by the one-dimensional symbol data. The one-dimensional symbol data may be stored in a random access memory (RAM) for further processing. The I and Q pair associated with the one-dimensional symbol data stored in the RAM may be retrieved and processed by the GNSS receiver using a correlation such as a fast Fourier transform (FFT) correlation. | 06-23-2011 |
| 20110150047 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EFFICIENT DSSS FFT PROCESSING EMPLOYING PRIME FACTOR DECOMPOSITION - A direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) receiver may be operable to process signal samples in frequency domain utilizing a prime factor fast Fourier transform (FFT) circuit and a pseudorandom noise (PRN) code. The DSSS receiver may be operable to transform the signal samples into FFT signal samples using the prime factor FFT circuit, transform the PRN code into a FFT PRN code using the prime factor FFT circuit and multiply the FFT signal samples with the FFT PRN code using the prime factor FFT circuit. The DSSS receiver may be operable to inversely transform the multiplied FFT signal samples into correlated signal samples using a prime factor inverse FFT (IFFT) implemented by the prime factor FFT circuit. The prime factor FFT circuit may comprise a prime length FFT core, a FFT memory, a register bank, a switch, a multiplier and a FFT controller. | 06-23-2011 |
