| Patent application number | Description | Published |
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| 20080197674 | HOOD ASSEMBLY UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIALS BASED MECHANISMS - An active material hood impact mitigation mechanism is activated in response to a signal generated from an impact sensor or pre-impact sensor or manually. The mitigation mechanism is capable of changing either reversibly or irreversibly the stiffness, shape, location, orientation, or displacement force of the hood either globally or locally, before an impact against the hood. The active material mitigation mechanism is held in a device designed to be installed in operative communication with the hood surface. The active material is characterized by a first shape or stiffness and is operative to change to a second shape or stiffness in response to the activation signal. Such active materials include shape memory alloys, electroactive polymers, shape memory polymers, magnetic shape memory alloys, magnetorheological fluids, magnetorheological elastomers, electrorheological fluids, and piezoelectric materials. | 08-21-2008 |
| 20080200570 | VOLUME-FILLING MECHANICAL ASSEMBLIES AND METHODS OF OPERATING THE SAME - A method of operating a volume-filling structure, comprising sensing an impact event and expanding the volume-filling structure from a non-expanded state to an expanded state upon the sensed impact event. The volume-filling structure comprises an open celled material, a first end cap connected to one end of the open celled material and a second end cap connected to a second end of the open celled material. The volume-filling structure further includes an activation mechanism regulating expansion of the open celled material from the non-expanded state to expanded state in response to an activation signal, and the activation mechanism includes an actuator interfaced with the end caps. Embodiments may include triggering a pneumatic device to force the second end cap from the first end cap. Additionally, embodiments may include triggering a mechanical event to force the second end cap from the first end cap. | 08-21-2008 |
| 20080203760 | Active material based closure hinge and alignment process - An adjustable closure hinge assembly, includes a first hinge portion having a first aperture, a second hinge portion having a second aperture coaxially aligned with the first aperture, a hinge member disposed in the first and second apertures for joining the first and second hinge portions, wherein the hinge member further comprises a spacer intermediate walls defining the first and second apertures and the hinge member, wherein the spacer comprises an active material, and an activation device in operative communication with the active material, wherein the activation device is operable to selectively apply an activation signal to the active material and effect a reversible change in at least one property of the active material, wherein the change in the at least one property is effective to provide up to six degrees of freedom to the hinge member and less than or equal to two degrees of freedom in the absence of the activation signal. | 08-28-2008 |
| 20080216285 | ACTIVE MATERIAL ENABLED SELF-PRESENTING HANDLES - A self-presenting handle assembly, comprising a handle portion in operative communication with an axle rotatably mounted in a housing of a rigid support, and an active material in operative communication with the axle or the handle portion, wherein the active material is configured to undergo a change in at least one property upon receipt of an activation signal, wherein the change in at least one property is effective to provide rotation of the axle in a first direction and move the handle in the first direction from a first position to a second position. | 09-11-2008 |
| 20080217927 | Cable systems having at least one section formed of an active material - A cable system, a latch assembly employing the cable system and processes thereof include a cable comprising at least one section formed of an active material having one end fixedly attached to a connector, wherein the connector is disposed between a first stop and a second stop, the first and second stops fixedly attached to a stationary support and having an aperture for slidably receiving the cable; and an activation device in operative communication with the active material, the activation device being operable to selectively provide an activation signal to the active material and effectuate a change in a length of the cable section formed or a flexural modulus property of the active material. Suitable active materials include shape memory alloys and electroactive polymers. | 09-11-2008 |
| 20080217941 | Active material enabled self-presenting devices - A self-presenting device includes, a member in physical communication with a vehicle surface, wherein the member is configured to have a first form and a second form, wherein the first form is configured to store the member and the second form is configured to present the member, and an active material in operable communication with the member, wherein the active material is configured to undergo a change in at least one property upon receipt of an activation signal, wherein the change in at least one property is effective to transition the member from the first form to the second form. | 09-11-2008 |
| 20080223158 | Ratchet Reset Mechanism - A ratchet apparatus includes a first member, a rack, and a second member that is selectively movable in first and second directions with respect to the first member. A first pawl is mounted with respect to the first member and is biased into engagement with the rack. The first pawl and the rack are configured such that engagement of the first pawl with the rack prevents movement of the first pawl relative to the rack in the first direction. A second pawl is mounted with respect to the second member for movement therewith in the first and second directions. The second pawl is biased into engagement with the rack. The second pawl and said rack are configured such that engagement of the second pawl with the rack prevents movement of the second pawl relative to the rack in the first direction. | 09-18-2008 |
| 20080236720 | Joining polymer workpieces to other components - A shape memory polymer workpiece is attached to a second workpiece. A face of the SMP workpiece is placed against an attachment surface of the second workpiece. The second workpiece has an attachment hole(s). The SMP workpiece is activated (e.g., heated) to a softening temperature and a portion extruded into the attachment hole of the facing surface of the second workpiece. The SMP piece is held while still heated against the second workpiece, the material flowing as result of the shape memory effect to form an attachment. As the SMP material cools while still under load its modulus increases fixing the attachment geometry. Reheating the attached parts without pushing them together reverses the process. | 10-02-2008 |
| 20080252113 | ACTIVE MATERIAL HEAD RESTRAINT ASSEMBLY - A head restraint assembly includes a support member and a deployable member selectively movable between a retracted position and a deployed position. At least a portion of the deployable member is farther from the support member in the deployed than in the retracted position. A latch system is configured to releasably retain the deployable member in its retracted position. An active material member is actuatable to release the latch system, to release the deployable member. | 10-16-2008 |
| 20080272259 | Active material adaptive object holders - In an embodiment, a device comprises an active material. Activation of the active material causes deformation within the device to conform to and/or retain an object without engaging the object below a surface of the object. In another embodiment, contact with an object causes deformation within the device to conform to and/or retain the object. In yet another embodiment, an object holder can comprise: a recess, a cover disposed over the recess, and a switch configured to cause the active material to retain a deformed shape in the recess. The cover comprises an active material. The active material is configured to deform into the recess when contacted with an object. | 11-06-2008 |
| 20080272615 | AIRFLOW CONTROL DEVICES BASED ON ACTIVE MATERIALS - An airflow control device comprises a body and an active material in operative communication with the body. The active material, such as shape memory material, is operative to change at least one attribute in response to an activation signal. The active material can change its shape, dimensions and/or stiffness producing a change in at least one feature of the airflow control device such as shape, dimension, location, orientation, and/or stiffness to control vehicle airflow to better suit changes in driving conditions such as weather, ground clearance and speed, while reducing maintenance and the level of failure modes. As such, the device reduces vehicle damage due to inadequate ground clearance, while increasing vehicle stability and fuel economy. An activation device, controller and sensors may be employed to further control the change in at least one feature of the airflow control device such as shape, dimension, location, orientation, and/or stiffness of the device. A method for controlling vehicle airflow selectively introduces an activation signal to initiate a change of at least one feature of the device that can be reversed upon discontinuation of the activation signal. | 11-06-2008 |
| 20080302024 | Tunable impedance load-bearing structures - A tunable impedance load bearing structure includes a support comprising an active material configured for supporting a load, wherein the active material undergoes a change in a property upon exposure to an activating condition, wherein the change in the property is effective to change an impedance characteristic of the support. | 12-11-2008 |
| 20090005936 | Systems for Detecting Animate Objects in a Vehicle Compartment - A sensor assembly includes a sensor configured to detect a predetermined condition, a transmitter operatively connected to the sensor and configured to selectively transmit a wireless signal when the sensor detects the predetermined condition, and at least one energy harvester configured to capture energy from the environment. The sensor assembly is configured to transmit energy captured by the energy harvester to the transmitter. | 01-01-2009 |
| 20090008844 | Variable Resistance Strut Assemblies and Articles Containing the Same - Disclosed herein is a strut assembly | 01-08-2009 |
| 20090045042 | Active material based bodies for varying frictional force levels at the interface between two surfaces - A device for selectively controlling and varying a frictional force level at an interface between two bodies, includes a first contact body having at least one surface, a second contact body having at least one surface in physical communication with the first contact body, and an active material in operative communication with a selected one or both of the first contact body and the second contact body, wherein the active material is configured to undergo a change in a property upon receipt of an activation signal wherein the change in a property is effective to change the frictional force level at the interface between the at least one surface of the first contact body and the at least one surface of the second contact body. | 02-19-2009 |
| 20090047197 | Active material based bodies for varying surface texture and frictional force levels - A device for selectively controlling and varying surface texture includes a body having at least one surface, and an active material in operative communication with the at least one surface, wherein the active material is configured to undergo a change in a property upon receipt of an activation signal, wherein the change in a property is effective to change a texture of the at least one surface. | 02-19-2009 |
| 20090058130 | Active material based concealment devices for seams - A device for concealing a seam between a first surface and a second surface includes a moveable body fixedly attached to a selected one of the first surface and the second surface, wherein the moveable body is configured to transition between a first position and a second position to conceal and expose the seam, and an active material in operative communication with the moveable body, wherein the active material is configured to undergo a change in at least one property upon receipt of an activation signal, wherein the change in at least one property is effective to transition the moveable body from the first position to the second position. | 03-05-2009 |
| 20090058132 | Active material based concealment assemblies - A concealment assembly includes a component, a member configured to have a first form and a second form, wherein the first form is configured to conceal the component and the second form is configured to expose the component, thereby making the component accessible for use, appearance, or function, and an active material in operable communication with the member, wherein the active material is configured to undergo a change in at least one property upon receipt of an activation signal, wherein the change in at least one property is effective to transition the member from the first form to the second form. | 03-05-2009 |
| 20090061188 | Active Material Based Seam Concealment Devices and Methods of Use Thereof - A device for concealing a seam between a first surface and a second surface, the device includes a seam concealment body fixedly attached to a selected one or both of the first surface and the second surface, wherein the seam concealment body comprises an active material, wherein the active material is configured to transition between a first stiffness and a second stiffness upon receipt of an activation signal, wherein the transition permits movement of a selected one or both of the first surface and the second surface such that the seam concealment body deforms with the movement of the surface to maintain concealment of the seam. | 03-05-2009 |
| 20090066115 | ACTIVE MATERIAL INSERTS FOR USE WITH HOLLOW STRUCTURES - A modifiable structural assembly comprising an active material based insert positioned within a hollow structural member, wherein the insert defines a first insert dimension, is configured, when activated, to change the first insert dimension to a second insert dimension, and selectively achieving the first or second dimension facilitates positioning the insert, or changes a characteristic of the assembly, such as the stiffness, damping effect, or energy absorption rate, once the insert has been positioned. | 03-12-2009 |
| 20090072575 | METHODS OF DEPLOYING A COVER UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL AND AN EXTERNAL HEAT SOURCE - Methods of deploying and stowing a cover coupled to an actuator comprising active material, includes the steps of heating the material with an external heat source, so as to cause a change in physical property and deploying the cover due to the change, and preferably includes accelerating the heating of the material by focusing the energy of the source with a lens or prism, engaging the cover with an input device and retracting the cover upon input, releasing stored energy as a result of the change, or further deploying the cover by use of a ratcheting mechanism, use of a timer for delayed actuation, use of a sensor configured to determine a condition, such as an opened door or the presence of an occupant, interconnecting to a windshield wiper, immersing the actuator in a heated fluid, and conduction heating the actuator through contact with a heated panel. | 03-19-2009 |
| 20090072604 | RECLINER ADJUSTMENT UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL SENSORS - A recliner including a power adjustment system operable at a first rate, and at least one sensor including an active material element, wherein the sensor is configured to determine an obstacle to adjustment and selectively retard the rate when the obstacle is determined. | 03-19-2009 |
| 20090074993 | Active material activated cover - In one embodiment, a cover system can comprise: a cover and an active material component in operable communication with the cover. The active material component can comprise an active material that enables the deployment and retraction of the cover. | 03-19-2009 |
| 20090084646 | BI-FOLD VALVE-TYPE MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL FLUID ENERGY ABSORBING DEVICE - An energy absorbing device is provided that includes a damper assembly having inner and outer concentric tubes and a piston movable within the inner tube. The damper assembly is configured to form bi-fold valve-type cavities to operatively connect an inner chamber of the inner tube with an outer chamber formed between the inner and outer tubes. A magnetorheological fluid fills the chambers and the bi-fold valve-type cavities. The magnetorheological fluid preferably contains coated magnetic particles at about 10 to 60 percent by volume. Electrical coils adjacent the bi-fold valves are selectively energizable to such that the energy absorbing device provides a tunable damping force, preferably over the entire range of velocities of the piston, especially in automotive applications. | 04-02-2009 |
| 20090108607 | Active Material Enabled Self-Actuated Devices - A self-actuating device includes a member in physical communication with a vehicle surface and an active material. The member is configured to have at least a first form and a second form, wherein one of the first form and the second form is configured to stow the member and the other of the first form and the second form is configured to present the member. The active material is in operable communication with the member. The active material is configured to undergo a change in at least one property upon receipt of an activation signal and the change in at least one property is effective to transition the member from one of the forms to another of the forms. | 04-30-2009 |
| 20090159624 | Roof rack features enabled by active materials - Roof rack features enabled by active materials are described. A concealment assembly for concealing a roof rack comprises a member configured to have a first form and a second form, wherein the first form is configured to conceal the roof rack and the second form is configured to expose the roof rack; and an active material in operable communication with the member, wherein the active material is capable of undergoing a change in a property upon receipt of an activation signal, wherein the change in the property is effective to transition the member from the first form to the second form. | 06-25-2009 |
| 20090173305 | ACTIVE AIR VENT UTILIZING SMART MATERIAL ACTUATION - An active air intake adapted for selectively regulating fluid flow into an engine generally includes a housing defining an opening, a covering member disposed relative to the opening and translatable between opened and closed conditions, an actuator including an active material element operable to effect movement of the member, a load limit protector configured to present a secondary output path for the element, an overheat protection mechanism for preventing unintentional activation and stress loads in the element, a biasing mechanism for returning the member to the original condition, and a latching mechanism for retaining the member in the closed condition. | 07-09-2009 |
| 20090177446 | METHOD OF DESIGNING MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL FLUID ENERGY ABSORBING DEVICE USING HYDROMECHANICAL ANALYSIS - A method of designing a magnetorheological (MR) fluid energy absorbing damper is provided that uses hydromechanical analysis with lumped parameters to allow a determination as to whether a potential damper design will provide predetermined characteristics, such as a desired dynamic force range and maximum piston velocity, with a selected MR fluid and yield stress and preferably meeting predetermined geometric limitations. | 07-09-2009 |
| 20090206581 | Airbag System - An embodiment of an airbag system includes a cavity configured to store an airbag, wherein the cavity has an aperture that provides an outlet for the airbag during deployment. The embodiment also includes a cover releasably attached over the aperture via an attachment mechanism having an initial attachment strength. The initial attachment strength is configured to reduce to a release attachment strength in response to receipt of a release signal at the attachment mechanism. | 08-20-2009 |
| 20090218858 | MANIPULABLE SEAT BOLSTER UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A manipulable seat bolster including an active material actuator configured to selectively cause or enable a condition, such as the geometric configuration, or position of the bolster to be modified, when the active material is activated. | 09-03-2009 |
| 20090218859 | ADJUSTABLE SEAT RAMP UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - An adjustable seat ramp adapted for use with a seat base and defining a first angle of inclination, includes a structure translatably disposed within or integrally formed with the base and presenting a first position, and further includes an actuator employing a shape memory material element and configured to cause the structure to translate to a second position, wherein a second angle of inclination is defined. | 09-03-2009 |
| 20090230275 | FORE-AFT POSITION ADJUSTER UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A fore-aft positioning adjuster adapted for use with an object, such as a seat, includes a locking mechanism, and an actuator employing an active material element operable to undergo a reversible change when exposed to or occluded from an activation signal, and configured to selectively cause the mechanism to release, so that the object can be repositioned, as a result of the change. | 09-17-2009 |
| 20090235494 | Active material based fasteners including cable ties and twist ties - Active material based fasteners that are reversible are provided. These fasteners can be in the form of, for example, cable ties and twist ties. In an embodiment, a fastener for securing an object comprises: a flexible elongated member capable of at least partially surrounding the object; and an adjustment mechanism in operable communication with the flexible elongated member, the adjustment mechanism comprising an active material capable of undergoing a change in a property upon exposure to an activation source, wherein the elongated member is configured to engage or release the object in response to the change in the property. | 09-24-2009 |
| 20090236884 | RECLINER RELEASE ACTUATION THROUGH ACTIVE MATERIALS - A recliner adjustment system and method utilizing active material based actuation is adapted for use with a recliner defining an engaging surface and operable to adjust the angle of inclination of the surface, and includes a locking mechanism configured to selectively prevent the surface from pivoting, an unlocking actuator including at least one active material element configured to release the mechanism when activated or deactivated, a signal source operable to generate and deliver to the element an activation signal, and more preferably, a second adjusting actuator including a second active material element configured to rotationally displace the surface, so as to adjust the angle, when activated or deactivated and the mechanism has been released. | 09-24-2009 |
| 20090241537 | ENERGY HARVESTING, STORING, AND CONVERSION UTILIZING SHAPE MEMORY ACTIVATION - A system for and method of harvesting, storing and converting naturally occurring energy, includes exposing an active material, and more preferably a shape memory element to an ambient activation signal or condition, harvesting a portion of the energy by pseudoplastically straining or superelastically deforming the element, storing the energy by causing a change in the element and/or engaging a locking mechanism, and converting the energy by exposing the mechanism to an activation signal and/or otherwise releasing the mechanism. | 10-01-2009 |
| 20090243319 | Self-Actuating Devices - A self-actuating device includes a member in physical communication with a vehicle surface and an actuator. The member is configured to have at least a first form and a second form, wherein one of the first form and the second form is configured to stow the member and the other of the first form and the second form is configured to present the member. The actuator is in operable communication with the member. The actuator is actuated upon receipt of an activation signal and is effective to transition the member from one of the forms to another of the forms. | 10-01-2009 |
| 20090255187 | ACTIVE SEAL ARCHITECTURES - Active seal architectures adapted for producing a variable sealing and/or closing force between a closure panel and perimeter, includes a mounting clip, a flexible outer layer fixedly connected to the clip, defining an interior space, and longitudinally extending along the perimeter; and an interior structure comprising and reconfigurable by an active material disposed within the space, and operable to impart differing first and second forces upon the layer and panel when the material is activated and deactivated respectively. | 10-15-2009 |
| 20090266925 | ADJUSTABLE BELT TENSIONING UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A restraining belt comprising a webbing, and utilizing active material actuation for selectively modifying the tensile load strength of, stiffness of, or the tensioning applied to the webbing. | 10-29-2009 |
| 20090267339 | BELT RETRACTOR UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A seat belt retractor utilizing active material actuation for selectively modifying the tension in a seat belt. | 10-29-2009 |
| 20090277169 | OVERHEATING PROTECTION FOR SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY ACTUATORS - An overheating protection system adapted for use with a shape memory alloy actuator element, includes at least one switching shape memory alloy element presenting a slower activation period than that of the actuator element, and configured to selectively prevent activation of the actuator element, when the actuator element is actually or predicted to be experiencing overheating; and a circuit comprising the system, wherein the switching element and/or a circuit implement functions to modify activation of the actuator element. | 11-12-2009 |
| 20090277170 | CONTROLLING HEAT TRANSFER IN ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATORS USING EXTERNAL ELEMENTS - An actuator includes a thermally activated active material member, and an external element configured to selectively engage the member and presenting a predetermined rate of thermal conductivity configured to transfer heat energy to and/or from the member, so as to reduce the actuation period or rate of cooling after actuation, when engaged. | 11-12-2009 |
| 20090277595 | COVER DEPLOYING SYSTEM UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A system for deploying and stowing a cover, including a mechanical assembly coupled to the cover, preferably comprising a plurality of deploy arms and synchronization means, and reconfigurable between deployed and stowed conditions, and further including an actuator presenting an active material element operable to undergo a change, when activated, and operable to cause the assembly to reconfigure as a result of the change. | 11-12-2009 |
| 20090278342 | Vehicle roll bar apparatus with active material actuation - A vehicle includes a vehicle body, a roll bar, and an actuator configured to selectively move the roll bar with respect to the vehicle body between a stowed position and a deployed position. The actuator includes an active material that is configured to change in size, shape, or modulus in response to an activation signal, thereby causing movement of the roll bar. | 11-12-2009 |
| 20090278363 | Active Materials Based Impact Management Systems - A vehicle includes a vehicle body and a member being mounted with respect to the vehicle body. The member is selectively movable between first and second positions with respect to the vehicle body. An actuator includes an active material that is configured to undergo a change in at least one attribute in response to an activation signal. The active material is operatively connected to the member such that the change in at least one attribute causes the member to move relative to the vehicle body. An impact detection system is configured to detect at least one condition indicative of an impact event and is configured to cause the actuator to move the member from the first position to the second position in response to the at least one condition indicative of an impact event. | 11-12-2009 |
| 20090299502 | Mechanical System with an Active Materials-Based Actuator - A mechanical system selectively imparts a prescribed motion to an output load using two or more actuators, including at least one having an active material element. The output load can be a locking member when the system is a vehicle transmission, a shuttle car of a linear system, or another device. A controller determines a total motive force required for imparting the prescribed motion, and selectively commands a combination of the actuators to provide the total motive force, apportioning the total motive force between the various actuators to optimize the performance of the system. An algorithm determines which combination of the actuators is the most suitable in moving the output load, and continuously modified this combination as needed as the output load is moved. The other actuator or actuators are then selectively energized as needed to provide the total motive force depending on this suitability determination. | 12-03-2009 |
| 20090314406 | SELF-HEALING AND SELF-CLEANING TIRES UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A self-healing and/or self-cleaning tire comprising at least one active material element configured when undergoing an actuation cycle to repair a structural anomaly, such as a crack or puncture, and/or remove a surface anomaly, such as foreign substances or objects adhered to or lodged in the tire. | 12-24-2009 |
| 20090314407 | REDUCING TIRE ROLLING RESISTANCE THROUGH PRE-HEATING - A system for and method of reducing the rolling resistance of a tire by pre-heating the tire prior to use. | 12-24-2009 |
| 20090315696 | MAINTENANCE OF PROPER TIRE INFLATION PRESSURE THRU ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - An adaptive tire utilizing active material actuation to sense and/or modify an excessive and/or low inflation pressure, so as to autonomously maintain proper inflation pressure. | 12-24-2009 |
| 20100019541 | ON DEMAND MORPHABLE AUTOMOTIVE BODY MOLDINGS AND SURFACES - A morphable vehicle member utilizing at least one active material to change at least one attribute in response to an activation signal. The change in at least one attribute is a change in a shape dimension, a shape orientation, an expansion, a contraction, a morphing, a yield strength property, a flexural modulus or a combination. Preferably, the change in at least one attribute in the morphable vehicle member is reversible. Also disclosed herein are methods for the morphable vehicle member utilizing at least one active material to change at least one attribute on demand in response to an activation signal. | 01-28-2010 |
| 20100027119 | RECEIVER/EMITTER COVER UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A system for protecting an emitter/receiver device, including a cover and an active material actuator operable to selectively cause the cover to move between default protective and open positions, wherein the actuator includes at least one active material element, such as an SMA wire configured to cause the retraction of the cover and present a heating net when activated, and an activation signal source, and preferably further including at least one pulley and/or jack mechanism configured to redirect a displacement force vector, synchronization means, an antagonistic element for biasing the cover towards the protective or open position, and a controller presenting overheating protection through control logic. | 02-04-2010 |
| 20100032982 | REVERSIBLY DEPLOYABLE SPOILER - A reversibly deployable spoiler for a vehicle comprises a body and an active material in operative communication with the body. The active material, such as shape memory material, is operative to change at least one attribute in response to an activation signal. The active material can change its shape, dimensions and/or stiffness producing a change in at least one feature of the active spoiler airflow control device such as shape, dimension, location, orientation, and/or stiffness to control vehicle airflow and downforce to better suit changes in driving conditions such as speed, while reducing maintenance and the level of failure modes. An activation device, controller and sensors may be employed to further control the change in at least one feature of the active spoiler airflow control device such as shape, dimension, location, orientation, and/or stiffness. A method for controlling vehicle airflow selectively introduces an activation signal to initiate a change of at least one feature of the device that can be reversed upon discontinuation of the activation signal. | 02-11-2010 |
| 20100050399 | Active material based clamping apparatuses and methods of making - Active material based clamping apparatuses for securing objects and methods of making the same are provided. In an embodiment, a clamping apparatus for securing an object comprises: a clamp comprising an engaging surface for securing an object, wherein the engaging surface comprises an active material capable of undergoing a change in a property upon exposure to an activation source such that the active material conforms to a surface of the object. | 03-04-2010 |
| 20100065232 | WIPER-BASED SUNSHADE AND METHODS OF USE - Methods of deploying and stowing a sunshade utilizing a wiper-based system, including selectively engaging the sunshade and wiper, actuating the wiper, so as to deploy the shade, locking the wiper in the deployed position, so as to reduce the thermal load in a confined space, and returning the wiper after use, so as to stow the shade. | 03-18-2010 |
| 20100066113 | MANIPULATING CENTER CONSOLE COMPONENTS UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A center console comprising a manipulable structural component, such as a pivotal lid, sliding armrest, tambour door, or pivotal cup holder, and at least one active material actuator including an active material element operable to undergo a reversible change, drivenly coupled to the component, and configured to autonomously cause and/or enable the component to be manipulated as a result of the change. | 03-18-2010 |
| 20100066151 | ACTIVE MATERIAL BASED SEATBELT WEBBING PRESENTER - A safety belt webbing presenter including an active material actuator configured to selectively cause a webbing engaging mechanism to translate between deployed and stowed conditions, wherein the deployed condition, the mechanism engages a safety belt webbing causing it to translate to a more readily fastened position. | 03-18-2010 |
| 20100092238 | ACTIVE MATERIAL ELEMENTS HAVING REINFORCED STRUCTURAL CONNECTORS - An active material assembly for interconnecting with at least one structural member of a structure, sustaining a load over a predetermined period, and selectively effecting a change in the structure, includes at least one active material element, such as a shape memory wire, and a reinforcing connector, such as a ring terminal crimp fixedly secured to the wire, and more preferably including the use of one or more tube or shim intermediate the wire and crimp, wave form imparting configurations, collets, or ferrules. | 04-15-2010 |
| 20100099346 | ACTIVE MATERIAL ENABLED PRESSURE RELEASE VALVES AND METHODS OF USE - An active pressure relief valve adapted for selectively regulating a condition within an interior compartment generally includes a housing fluidly coupling the compartment to an external environment and defining an opening, an actuator including an active material element operable to effect movement of a flap relative to the opening, a load limit protector coupled to and configured to present a secondary output path for the element, when the flap is unable to move, and/or a latching mechanism coupled to, and configured to engage the flap, so as to retain the flap in a modified condition. | 04-22-2010 |
| 20100101050 | Active Material Based Closure Hinge and Alignment Process - An adjustable closure hinge assembly, includes a first hinge portion having a first aperture, a second hinge portion having a second aperture coaxially aligned with the first aperture, a hinge member disposed in the first and second apertures for joining the first and second hinge portions, wherein the hinge member further comprises a spacer intermediate walls defining the first and second apertures and the hinge member, wherein the spacer comprises an active material, and an activation device in operative communication with the active material, wherein the activation device is operable to selectively apply an activation signal to the active material and effect a reversible change in at least one property of the active material, wherein the change in the at least one property is effective to provide up to six degrees of freedom to the hinge member and less than or equal to two degrees of freedom in the absence of the activation signal. | 04-29-2010 |
| 20100102518 | TEMPERATURE ADAPTIVE DYNAMIC SHAFT SEAL ASSEMBLY - A seal assembly configured for sealing a dynamic shaft includes an elastic seal member disposable in sealing communication with the dynamic shaft. The seal assembly further includes a coil spring and a shape memory alloy element. The coil spring is disposed in contact with the elastic seal member and configured for applying a compressive force to the elastic seal member. The shape memory alloy element is configured for applying pressure to the coil spring to thereby augment the compressive force. | 04-29-2010 |
| 20100109322 | Shape Memory Alloy Reinforced Hoses and Clamps - Reinforced hoses and clamps generally include a shape memory alloy material configured to provide tangential forces to the generally circular hoses and clamps. The shape memory alloy can be in the form of a ring embedded within the hose or may be in operative communication with the clamp such that a phase change in the shape memory alloy upon thermal activation provides the tangential forces. | 05-06-2010 |
| 20100112924 | ACTIVE MATERIAL ENABLED PRESSURE RELEASE VALVES AND METHODS OF USE - A pressure relief valve includes a housing and vane that is movable to one of an open position and a closed position. A linear actuator mechanically couples between the movable vane and the housing. The linear actuator is a wire device fabricated from a shape memory alloy. An actuable latching system is configured to retain the movable vane in one of the open position and the closed position for an indeterminate time period. | 05-06-2010 |
| 20100117663 | METHOD OF CONTROLLING A SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY ACTUATOR UTILIZING RESISTANCE CHANGE - A method of controlling a shape memory alloy actuator utilizing the change in resistance exhibited by the actuator over an actuation cycle, and more preferably, a derivative thereof, to identify at least one event, and generating a response based upon the event. | 05-13-2010 |
| 20100138002 | ACTIVE MATERIALS-BASED COMPLIANT MECHANISMS - A compliant mechanism includes a body that is configured to generate a mechanical output in response to a mechanical input. The body has at least one region formed by an active material. The compliant mechanism also includes at least one activation device configured to selectively apply an activation signal to the at least one region. The active material is configured to undergo a change in modulus in response to the activation signal such that the output is characterized by a first magnitude or direction when the activation device applies the activation signal and a second magnitude or direction when the activation device does not apply the activation signal. | 06-03-2010 |
| 20100139539 | ADJUSTABLE THREADING UTENSIL AND STRUCTURE UTILIZING SHAPE MEMORY ACTUATION - A selectively and reversibly adjustable utensil, aperture forming structure, and stirrup, and methods of geometrically modifying an eye defined by the utensil, the aperture defined by the structure, and the stirrup, utilizing active material actuation, so as to facilitate entraining a filament within the eye or aperture, and securing the filament once entrained. | 06-10-2010 |
| 20100140976 | PIVOTALLY DEPLOYABLE AIR DAM UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - An active air dam adapted for use with a vehicle, includes a deflector pivotally translatable relative to the vehicle, so as to be caused to achieve stowed and deployed conditions, wherein the deflector, when in the deployed condition, is configured to occlude air flow beneath the vehicle, and further includes an active material actuator comprising an active material drivenly coupled to the deflector, and configured to cause the deflector to pivot to one of the stowed and deployed conditions as a result of activating the material, and the vehicle is preferably configured to cause the actuator to pivot the deflector when a pre-determined vehicle or external condition is detected. | 06-10-2010 |
| 20100176581 | ACTIVE MATERIAL BASED SAFETY BELT BUCKLE PRESENTER - A safety belt buckle presenter adapted for use with a translatable buckle includes an active material element operable to undergo a reversible change when exposed to an activation signal, wherein the element is drivenly coupled to the buckle, and configured to cause the buckle to translate between deployed and stowed positions as a result of the change. | 07-15-2010 |
| 20100186783 | EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION COOLER CLEANER HAVING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATOR - A cleaning mechanism for and method of autonomously removing deposits from the interior surface of a tube comprises a cleaning member secured relative to the surface and preferably, an active material element drivenly coupled to or engaged with the member so as to selectively cause the member to translate, thereby removing deposits from the surface. | 07-29-2010 |
| 20100193283 | NOISE REDUCTION SYSTEM - A noise reduction system for a device having a noise generating subsystem includes a Helmholtz resonator and a controller. The Helmholtz resonator is disposed in fluid communication with the noise generating subsystem, and includes an active material responsive to a control signal that adjusts a dimensional characteristic of the Helmholtz resonator in such a manner as to affect a resonance characteristic of the Helmholtz resonator. The controller is responsive to an operational characteristic of either the device or the noise generating subsystem to produce the control signal. In response to the operational characteristic, the control signal serves to affect the resonance characteristic of the Helmholtz resonator in such a manner as to reduce a noise arising from the noise generating subsystem, or create a desirable sound quality alteration. | 08-05-2010 |
| 20100193299 | BRAKE RETRACTION UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A braking system comprising a reconfigurable caliper piston adapted for, and a method of, retracting a brake pad utilizing active material actuation. | 08-05-2010 |
| 20100197184 | CONFORMABLE LAYER UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A conformable protective layer, such as a fabric or covering, adapted for overlaying an object or space, and presenting a condition, such as a geometric configuration or stiffness, includes at least one shape memory alloy, electroactive polymer, or similar active material based actuator operable to undergo a reversible change when exposed to and/or removed from an external signal, and is configured such that the change is operable to autonomously modify the condition, or facilitate placement and removal of the layer. | 08-05-2010 |
| 20100207775 | RECONFIGURABLE TACTILE INTERFACE UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A reconfigurable tactile human-machine interface adapted for facilitating selection and manipulation by a user, presenting a first geometric shape, orientation, position, or characteristic, and including at least one active material element configured to cause the interface to achieve a second geometric shape, orientation, position or otherwise characteristic when activated or deactivated, and preferably further including at least one sensor, and a controller communicatively coupled to the sensor and interface and configured to selectively cause the element to be activated upon receipt of sensory input. | 08-19-2010 |
| 20100236236 | ACCELERATING COOLING IN ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATORS USING HEAT SINKS - An actuator includes a thermally activated active material element, such as at least one shape memory alloy wire, and a heat sink configured to operatively engage the element and accelerate cooling after activation, so as to improve bandwidth. | 09-23-2010 |
| 20100236881 | VARIABLE RESISTANCE STRUT ASSEMBLIES AND ARTICLES CONTAINING THE SAME - Disclosed herein is a strut assembly that comprises a piston that is in slideable communication with a housing. The piston comprises a piston head having a channel in operative communication with a fluid that is disposed in the housing. An elastic member and an active element are disposed in the channel. The active element is in operative communication with the elastic member and is operative to change the shape of the elastic member. | 09-23-2010 |
| 20100237598 | STEERING WHEEL RELEASE/STROKING USING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A tunable steering wheel release/stroking system adapted for use with a steering column, and to selectively absorb energy during a crash event, includes a steering column and an energy-absorbing element configured to receive a force from the column during the event, wherein the element is formed at least in part of an active material changeable between first and second phases when exposed to an activation signal, and configured so as to be caused to deform by and therefore absorb energy from the force at a first energy-absorbing magnitude in the first phase and at a second energy-absorbing magnitude in the second phase. | 09-23-2010 |
| 20100237632 | ELECTRICALLY-ACTIVATED HOOD LATCH AND RELEASE MECHANISM - A latch assembly includes a latch movable between released and restrained positions and a latch spring biasing toward the released position. A first lever is movable between open and closed positions, corresponding to the released and restrained positions, respectively. A first lever spring biases toward the closed position. A second lever is movable between unlocked and locked positions, corresponding to the first lever open and closed positions, respectively. A second lever spring biases toward the locked position. An active material based actuator selectively moves the second lever from the locked to unlocked position in response to an activation signal. A primary activation mechanism selectively produces the activation signal without a mechanical connection to the passenger compartment. An auxiliary activation mechanism does not rely on the vehicle power system. A key or portable energy storage device may cause the activation signal from the primary or auxiliary activation mechanism. | 09-23-2010 |
| 20100293775 | REVERSIBLE ATTACHMENT MECHANISMS - Mechanically interlocking releasable fastener systems include a reinforced shape memory polymer for forming one of the interlocking components. The reinforced shape memory polymer includes a filler material in the form of a fiber and/or platelet. The filler can include an electrically conductive filler, a thermally conductive filler, a dielectric fillers, and mixtures thereof. Also disclosed herein are processes for using the releasable fastener systems. | 11-25-2010 |
| 20100314860 | REVERSIBLY DEPLOYABLE ENERGY ABSORBING ASSEMBLY AND METHODS FOR OPERATING THE SAME - A reversibly deployable energy absorbing assembly includes a rigid support structure having at least one inlet and at least one outlet; a flexible covering sealingly engaged with the rigid support structure to define an inflatable interior region; a gas source in fluid communication with the at least one inlet; an inlet control valve positioned intermediate the gas source and the at least one inlet; and an actively controlled pressure relief valve in fluid communication with the at least one outlet. The inlet control valve and the pressure relief valve are adapted to provide a response suitable for use in vehicle impact management. | 12-16-2010 |
| 20100332035 | METHOD FOR POSITION FEEDBACK BASED CONTROL FOR OVERLOAD PROTECTION - A method for executing mechanical overload protection to prevent commanding a control signal to a linear actuator that may mechanically overload the linear actuator when an overload condition of the linear actuator is detected, the linear actuator utilized for controlling a movable element associated with the linear actuator responsive to the control signal, includes monitoring an overload condition based on position change of the movable element associated with the linear actuator during an integration period and excess energy during the integration period, de-energizing the linear actuator when an overload condition has been detected, monitoring an overload retry counter based on the number of cycles the overload condition is detected, comparing the overload retry counter to an overload retry threshold, an reenergizing the linear actuator when the overload retry counter is less than the overload retry threshold and maintaining de-energizing of the linear actuator when the overload retry counter is at least the overload retry threshold. | 12-30-2010 |
| 20110024010 | PERFORMANCE ADAPTIVE TIRES UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - An adaptive tire employable by a vehicle traveling upon a surface includes at least one active material element operable to selectively modify a structural component of the tire, and as a result a performance characteristic, such as the traction between the tire and surface, the ability for the tire to dampen standing waves, or the required mounting force, when activated. | 02-03-2011 |
| 20110050148 | ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATOR REGULATION UTILIZING PIEZOELECTRIC AND PIEZORESISTIVE EFFECT - An active material actuator adapted for use in a circuit includes an active material member, and a piezoelectric or piezoresistive element or otherwise force sensing device, wherein the element or device is communicatively coupled to the member and operable to vary the current within the circuit when the member is caused to achieve a predetermined stress, such that, in one aspect, the element presents an overload protection mechanism. | 03-03-2011 |
| 20110061310 | TUNABLE IMPEDANCE LOAD-BEARING STRUCTURES - A tunable impedance load bearing structure includes a support comprising an active material configured for supporting a load, wherein the active material undergoes a change in a property upon exposure to an activating condition, wherein the change in the property is effective to change an impedance characteristic of the support. | 03-17-2011 |
| 20110071670 | MECHANICAL IMPLEMENT UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATION - A mechanical implement adapted for use in an autonomously functioning device, such as a robot arm, and including an active material, such as shape memory polymer, element that when activated and/or deactivated is operable to modify the mechanical impedance of a joint or link in the device. | 03-24-2011 |
| 20110083921 | SYSTEMS FOR AND METHODS OF FACILITATING A LATERAL MANEUVER BY A VEHICLE - A system for and method of facilitating or enabling a lateral maneuver by a vehicle, including and utilizing a plurality of selectively engaged low friction components, such as rollers, bearings, balls, or high durometer high abrasion resistant low loss modulus rubber treads, and an actuator, such as at least one inflatable bladder, pivotal support strut, or active material element, drivenly coupled to the components. | 04-14-2011 |
| 20110089708 | MECHANICAL GRIPPERS UTILIZING ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTIVATION - A mechanical gripper adapted for grasping a plurality of differing objects, and comprising a plurality of fingers, wherein each finger includes at least one variable impedance member comprising an active material element, the element, when activated and deactivated, undergoes a reversible change in impedance, and the change in impedance enables the gripper to be advantageously reconfigured, and/or locked in a reconfigured state. | 04-21-2011 |
| 20110094215 | ACTIVE MATERIAL-BASED IMPULSE ACTUATORS - An apparatus for and method of displacing a body, such as a projectile, piston, or the distal edge of a sunshade cover or energy absorbing honeycomb matrix, utilizing momentum generated by the rapid actuation of an active material element, such as a Martensitic shape memory alloy wire. | 04-28-2011 |
| 20110094216 | VEHICLE ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICE USING VEHICLE THERMAL GRADIENTS - A vehicle includes an energy harvesting system. The energy harvesting system includes a fluid, a heat engine, and a component. The fluid has a first fluid region at a first temperature and a second fluid region at a second temperature that is different from the first temperature. The heat engine is configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy and includes a shape-memory alloy disposed in contact with each of the first fluid region and the second fluid region. The component is driven by the heat engine in response to the temperature difference. | 04-28-2011 |
| 20110097985 | Air Curtain - An air shield is provided over a portal access opening between a vehicle access member and a stationary vehicle trim member. The vehicle access member provides access to a compartment of an interior of the vehicle. An air supply device is disposed within the vehicle. The air supply device is capable of producing a burst of air that discharges upon opening of the vehicle access member. An air concentrator device is in fluid communication with the air supply device. The air concentrator device outputs the burst of air that forms the air shield in a direction substantially transverse to the portal opening. The air shield is formed across at least a portion of a perimeter of the portal access opening between the vehicle access member and the stationary vehicle trim member. The air shield inhibits precipitation from entering the compartment of the vehicle during a pressure equalization phase that occurs in response to the opening of the vehicle access member. | 04-28-2011 |
| 20110101590 | RECONFIGURABLE FIXTURE DEVICE AND METHODS OF USE - A reconfigurable fixture device system, including: a base member; a reconfigurable pad disposed on the base member, wherein the reconfigurable pad comprises a shape memory material configured to selectively conform to a surface contour of a workpiece; an activation device in operative communication with the shape memory material; a controller in operable communication with at least one of the reconfigurable pad, the activation device, and the base member; a plurality of sensors for sensing a parameter associated with at least one of the reconfigurable pad, the base member, the fixture device, and the workpiece, wherein the plurality of sensors is in operable communication with the controller; and an actuator in operable communication with the controller and the at least one of the reconfigurable pad, the base member, the fixture device, and the workpiece. | 05-05-2011 |
| 20110105004 | FAN SYSTEM FOR VENTING A VEHICLE - A fan system includes a first fluid region having a first temperature and a second fluid region having a second temperature that is different from the first temperature. An energy harvesting system is disposed in contact with each of the first fluid region and the second fluid region. A fan is driven by an energy harvesting system in response to the temperature difference between the first fluid region and the second fluid region. | 05-05-2011 |
| 20110108184 | ACTIVE MATERIAL-AUGMENTED VIBRATION WELDING SYSTEM AND METHOD OF USE - A method for controlling welding forces of a weld tip to a work piece during a vibration-welding process includes positioning an Active Material (AM) element adjacently to a welding interface, and varying a property of the AM element to regulate the welding force. The AM element may be disposed between the weld tip and a weld face thereof, or between the work piece and an anvil. The property may be varied as a function of heat generated by the welding process. A property of each of a plurality of AM elements may be independently and selectively varied via an energy source, or passively. A vibration welding system includes a weld tip and an AM element connected adjacently to a welding interface. The system regulates a welding force applied by the weld tip to a work piece during the welding process by varying a property of the AM element. | 05-12-2011 |
| 20110109448 | Method and System for Identifying Wet Pavement Using Tire Noise - A wet road surface detection system is provided for a vehicle driving on a road. The wet road surface detection system includes a sound sensing device coupled to the vehicle for capturing noise of the vehicle tires as the vehicle drives on a road surface. A processor processes sounds captured by the audible sensing device. The processor quantifies a variable sound level of the captured noise between a first frequency and a second frequency. The processor determines whether each quantified sound level between the first frequency and the second frequency is above a predetermined sound level threshold below the sound level at the first frequency. The processor determines that the vehicle is driving on a wet road surface in response to each quantified sound level between the first frequency and the second frequency being above a predetermined sound level threshold below the sound level at the first frequency. | 05-12-2011 |
| 20110114434 | ACTIVE MATERIALS ACTUATED ONE-WAY CLUTCH - A one-way clutch for assisting the rotation of a rotary fluid motor includes a ratchet and a hub rotatable about a longitudinal axis relative to the ratchet. The ratchet includes a plurality of teeth, and the hub includes a pawl for engaging the teeth to rotate the ratchet in a single direction of rotation. A control device including an active material interconnects the pawl and the hub. The active material of the control device contracts in response to a control signal to move the pawl. An actuator including an active material is spirally wound around an outer periphery of the hub. The active material of the actuator contracts to spin the hub and thereby drive the ratchet. | 05-19-2011 |
| 20110117830 | UTILIZING GASEOUS FLOW TO REDIRECT PARTICULATE MATTER - A method of and system for preventing particulate matter, such as debris, precipitation, and condensation from occupying a space or accumulating upon a surface by directly engaging the surface or creating an air-curtain effect adjacent the space utilizing a selectively actuated gaseous flow. | 05-19-2011 |
| 20110120111 | METHOD OF CONTROLLING A THERMAL ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM - A method of controlling an energy harvesting system that converts excess thermal energy into mechanical energy and includes a Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) member, includes obtaining current operational parameters of the energy harvesting system, such as a maximum temperature, a minimum temperature and a cycle frequency of the SMA member. The current operational parameters are compared to a target operating condition of the energy harvesting system to determine if the current operational parameters are within a pre-defined range of the target operating condition. If the current operational parameters are not within the pre-defined range of the target operating condition, then a heat transfer rate to, a heat transfer rate from or a cycle frequency of the SMA member is adjusted to maintain operation of the energy harvesting system within the pre-defined range of the target operating condition to maximize efficiency of the energy harvesting system. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110120112 | VEHICLE ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICE HAVING A CONTINUOUS LOOP OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY MATERIAL - An energy harvesting system includes a heat engine and a component. The heat engine includes first and second regions, a conduit, and a shape memory alloy (SMA) material. The conduit extends along a central axis. The SMA material surrounds the conduit and is disposed in one of the regions. The SMA material is radially spaced from a secondary axis that surrounds the central axis. A localized region of the SMA material changes crystallographic phase from martensite to austenite and contract in response to exposure to the first temperature. The localized region of the SMA material also changes crystallographic phase from austenite to martensite and expands in response to exposure to the second temperature. The SMA material rotates about the secondary axis in response to the contraction and expansion of the localized region of the SMA material. Rotation of the SMA material about the secondary axis drives the component. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110120113 | VEHICLE ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICE HAVING DISCRETE SECTIONS OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY - An energy harvesting system comprises a first region having a first temperature and a second region having a second temperature. A heat engine is configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy. The heat engine includes a plurality of discrete elements of a shape memory alloy each having a crystallographic phase changeable between austenite and martensite in response to a temperature difference between the first region and the second region. At least one member of the heat engine is driven to rotate about a first axis by the phase change of the plurality of discrete elements. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110120114 | VEHICLE ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICE HAVING A CONTINUOUS LOOP OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY - An energy harvesting system comprises a first region having a first temperature and a second region having a second temperature. A conduit is located at least partially within the first region. A heat engine configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy includes a shape memory alloy forming at least one generally continuous loop. The shape memory alloy is disposed in heat exchange contact with the first region and the second region. A carrier surrounds the conduit such that the carrier is driven to rotate around the conduit by the shape memory alloy in response to the temperature difference between the first region and the second region. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110120115 | ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM FOR A VEHICLE - An energy harvesting system includes a heat engine and a component configured to be driven by operation of the heat engine. The heat engine includes a first member, a second member, a shape memory alloy material, and a tensioner. The second member is spaced from the first member. The shape memory alloy material operatively interconnects the first member and the second member. The shape memory alloy material is configured to selectively change crystallographic phase from martensite to austenite and thereby contract in response to exposure to a first temperature. The shape memory alloy material is also configured to selectively change crystallographic phase from austenite to martensite and thereby expand in response to exposure to a second temperature. The tensioner is configured to apply tension to the shape memory alloy material as the shape memory alloy material selectively expands and contracts such that the shape memory alloy material is taut. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110120116 | HEAT ENGINE SYSTEM - A heat engine system configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy includes a source of thermal energy provided by a temperature difference between a heat source having a first temperature and a heat sink having a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature. The heat engine is configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy and includes an element formed from a first shape memory alloy having a crystallographic phase changeable between austenite and martensite at a first transformation temperature in response to the temperature difference between the heat source and the heat sink. The heat engine system also includes a start-up mechanism configured for inducing initial movement of the element in a desired operational direction to thereby start the heat engine. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110120117 | METHOD OF STARTING A HEAT ENGINE - A method of starting a heat engine includes exposing an element of the heat engine to a source of thermal energy provided by a temperature difference between a heat source having a first temperature and a heat sink having a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature. The element is formed from a first shape memory alloy having a crystallographic phase changeable between austenite and martensite at a first transformation temperature in response to the temperature difference between the heat source and the heat sink. The method further includes changing the crystallographic phase of the first shape memory alloy to thereby convert thermal energy to mechanical energy, and inducing initial movement of the element in a desired operational direction to thereby start the heat engine. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110120118 | EXHAUST SYSTEM - An exhaust system configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy includes a source of thermal energy provided by a temperature difference between an exhaust gas having a first temperature and a heat sink having a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature. The exhaust system also includes a conduit configured for conveying the exhaust gas, a heat engine disposed in thermal relationship with the conduit and configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy, and a member disposed in contact with the conduit and configured for conducting thermal energy from the conduit to the heat engine. The heat engine includes a first element formed from a first shape memory alloy having a crystallographic phase changeable between austenite and martensite at a first transformation temperature in response to the temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the heat sink. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110120119 | VEHICLE ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICE HAVING DISCRETE SECTIONS OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY - An energy harvesting system comprises a first region and a second region having a temperature difference therebetween. A heat engine is configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy. The heat engine includes a first discrete element of a shape memory alloy having a crystallographic phase changeable between austenite and martensite in response to the temperature difference between the first region and the second region. The first discrete element of the shape memory alloy expands and contracts in response to the phase change to exert a linear force. A motion conversion mechanism is operatively connected to the first discrete element to be driven by the linear force and a component is driven by the motion conversion mechanism. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110121582 | COOLING SYSTEM - A cooling system configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy includes a source of thermal energy provided by a temperature difference between a heat source having a first temperature and a coolant having a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature. The cooling system includes a cooling circuit configured for conveying the coolant to and from the heat source. The cooling circuit includes a conduit and a pump in fluid communication with the conduit and configured for delivering the coolant to the heat source. The cooling system also includes a heat engine disposed in thermal relationship with the conduit and configured for converting thermal to mechanical energy. The heat engine includes a first element formed from a first shape memory alloy having a crystallographic phase changeable between austenite and martensite at a first transformation temperature in response to the temperature difference between the heat source and coolant. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110121607 | METHOD OF USING AN ACTIVE MATERIAL BASED CONCEALMENT ASSEMBLY - A method of concealing a component is disclosed. The method includes positioning a member in operable communication with the component, wherein the member is configured to have a first form and a second form, wherein the first form is configured to conceal the component and the second form is configured to expose the component. The method also includes activating an active material in operative communication with the member, wherein the active material is configured to undergo a change in at least one property upon receipt of an activation signal, wherein the change in a property is effective to transition the member from the first form to the second form. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110124451 | VEHICLE ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICE HAVING A CONTINUOUS LOOP OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY - An energy harvesting system comprises a first region having a first temperature and a second region. A conduit is located at least partially within the first region. A heat engine configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy includes a shape memory alloy forming at least one generally continuous loop. The shape memory alloy is disposed in heat exchange contact with the first region and the second region. The shape memory alloy is driven to rotate around at least a portion of the conduit by the response of the shape memory alloy to the temperature difference between the first region and the second region. At least one pulley is driven by the rotation of the shape memory alloy, and the at least one pulley is operatively connected to a component to thereby drive the component. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110124452 | VEHICLE ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICE HAVING A CONTINUOUS LOOP OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY - An energy harvesting system comprises a first region and a second region having a temperature difference therebetween. A plurality of heat engines are located proximate to the conduit and configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy. The heat engines each include a shape memory alloy forming at least one generally continuous loop. The shape memory alloy driven to rotate by heat exchange contact with each of the first region and the second region. At least one pulley for each of the plurality of heat engines is driven by the rotation of the respective shape memory alloy, and each of the at least one pulleys is operatively connected to a component to thereby drive the component. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110138800 | Electricity-Generating Heat Conversion Device and System - A heat conversion device configured for generating electricity and converting thermal energy includes a heat engine configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy. The heat engine includes a pseudoplastically pre-strained shape-memory alloy having a crystallographic phase changeable between austenite and martensite in response to thermal energy from a temperature difference between fluids of less than or equal to about 300° C. The heat engine also includes a generator driven by the heat engine and configured for converting mechanical energy to electricity. A heat conversion system configured for generating electricity and converting thermal energy includes a source of thermal energy provided by a temperature difference of less than or equal to about 300° C. between a primary fluid having a first temperature and a secondary fluid having a second temperature that is different from the first temperature, and the heat conversion device. | 06-16-2011 |
| 20110139395 | Heat Transport System and Method - A heat transport system includes a fluid, a heat engine, and a component. The fluid has a first fluid region at a first temperature and a second fluid region at a second temperature that is different from the first temperature. The heat engine includes a shape-memory alloy disposed in contact with each of the first fluid region and the second fluid region. The heat engine is operable to transfer heat from one of the first fluid region and the second fluid region to the other of the first fluid region and the second fluid region in response to the crystallographic phase of the shape-memory alloy. | 06-16-2011 |
| 20110139396 | Autonomous Fluid Mixing System and Method - A vehicle includes a fluid mixing system. The fluid mixing system includes a fluid and a heat engine. The fluid has a first fluid region at a first temperature and a second fluid region at a second temperature that is different from the first temperature. The heat engine includes a shape-memory alloy disposed in heat exchange contact with each of the first fluid region and the second fluid region. The heat engine is operable to mix the fluid between the first fluid region and the second fluid region in response to a change in the crystallographic phase of the shape-memory alloy to reduce the difference in the composition of the fluid bath between the first fluid region and the second fluid region. | 06-16-2011 |
| 20110140456 | Shape-Memory Alloy-Driven Power Plant and Method - A power plant configured for converting thermal energy to electricity includes a source of thermal energy provided by a temperature difference between a primary fluid having a first temperature and a secondary fluid having a second temperature that is different from the first temperature. The plant also includes a collector configured for enhancing the temperature difference between the primary and secondary fluids, and a heat engine configured for converting at least some thermal energy to mechanical energy. The heat engine includes a pseudoplastically pre-strained shape-memory alloy disposed in heat exchange relationship with each of the primary and secondary fluids. Further, the plant includes a generator driven by the heat engine and configured for converting mechanical energy to electricity. A method of utilizing a naturally-occurring temperature difference between air and/or water to change a crystallographic phase of the shape-memory alloy to convert the temperature difference into mechanical energy is disclosed. | 06-16-2011 |
| 20110153242 | THERMOCOUPLE MEASUREMENT IN A CURRENT CARRYING PATH - A method of measuring a temperature of a wire and a current flowing through the wire with a thermocouple includes taking a first voltage reading from the thermocouple with the current at a first polarity, and taking a second voltage reading from the thermocouple with the current at a second polarity. The first voltage reading is averaged with the second voltage reading to obtain an average voltage reading, which is referenced to a correlation table to calculate the temperature of the wire. Half of a voltage difference between the first voltage reading and the second voltage reading is divided by the resistance in the wire to calculate the current flowing through the wire. | 06-23-2011 |
| 20110163769 | METHODS OF DETERMINING MID-STROKE POSITIONS OF ACTIVE MATERIAL ACTUATED LOADS - Systems for and methods of determining at least one mid-stroke position of an active material actuated load by causing a stress induced rapid change in electrical resistance within the active material element, or modifying an ancillary circuit, when the load is at the mid-stroke position(s). | 07-07-2011 |
| 20110165981 | ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM FOR A VEHICLE - An energy harvesting system includes a heat engine and a component. The heat engine includes a belt, a first member, and a second member. The belt includes a strip of material and at least one wire at least partially embedded longitudinally in the strip of material. The wire includes a shape memory alloy material. A localized region of the at least one wire is configured to change crystallographic phase between martensite and austenite and either contract or expand longitudinally in response to exposure to a first temperature or a second temperature such that the strip of material corresponding to the localized region also contracts or expands. The first member is operatively connected to the belt and moves with the belt in response to the expansion or contraction of the belt. The component is operatively connected to the first member such that movement of the first member drives the component. | 07-07-2011 |
