Patent application number | Description | Published |
20120288698 | METHOD OF FABRICATION, DEVICE STRUCTURE AND SUBMOUNT COMPRISING DIAMOND ON METAL SUBSTRATE FOR THERMAL DISSIPATION - A method of fabrication, a device structure and a submount comprising high thermal conductivity (HTC) diamond on a HTC metal substrate, for thermal dissipation, are disclosed. The surface roughness of the diamond layer is controlled by depositing diamond on a sacrificial substrate, such as a polished silicon wafer, having a specific surface roughness. Following deposition of the diamond layer, an adhesion layer, e.g. comprising a refractory metal, such as tantalum, and at least one layer of HTC metal is provided. The HTC metal substrate is preferably copper or silver, and may be provided by electroforming metal onto a thin sputtered base layer, and optionally bonding another metal layer. The electrically non-conductive diamond layer has a smooth exposed surface, preferably ≦10 nm RMS, suitable for patterning of contact metallization and/or bonding to a semiconductor device. Methods are also disclosed for patterning the diamond on metal substrate to facilitate dicing. | 11-15-2012 |
20150140740 | METHOD OF FABRICATION, DEVICE STRUCTURE AND SUBMOUNT COMPRISING DIAMOND ON METAL SUBSTRATE FOR THERMAL DISSIPATION - A method of fabrication, a device structure and a submount comprising high thermal conductivity (HTC) diamond on a HTC metal substrate, for thermal dissipation, are disclosed. The surface roughness of the diamond layer is controlled by depositing diamond on a sacrificial substrate, such as a polished silicon wafer, having a specific surface roughness. Following deposition of the diamond layer, an adhesion layer, e.g. comprising a refractory metal, such as tantalum, and at least one layer of HTC metal is provided. The HTC metal substrate is preferably copper or silver, and may be provided by electroforming metal onto a thin sputtered base layer, and optionally bonding another metal layer. The electrically non-conductive diamond layer has a smooth exposed surface, preferably ≦10 nm RMS, suitable for patterning of contact metallization and/or bonding to a semiconductor device. Methods are also disclosed for patterning the diamond on metal substrate to facilitate dicing. | 05-21-2015 |
20150250421 | CONDUCTIVE NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND MICRO-ELECTRODE SENSORS AND ARRAYS FOR IN-VIVO CHEMICAL SENSING OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND NEUROACTIVE SUBSTANCES AND METHOD OF FABRICATION THEREOF - Conductive diamond micro-electrode sensors and sensor arrays are disclosed for in vivo chemical sensing. Also provided is a method of fabrication of individual sensors and sensor arrays. Reliable, sensitive and selective chemical micro-sensors may be constructed for real-time, continuous monitoring of neurotransmitters and neuro-active substances in vivo. Each sensor comprises a conductive microwire, having a distal end comprising a tip, coated with nanocrystalline or ultrananocrystalline conductive diamond, and an overlying insulating layer. Active sensor areas of the conductive diamond layer are defined by openings in the insulating layer at the distal end. Multiple sensor areas may be defined by a 2 or 3 dimensional pattern of openings near the tip. This structure limits interference from surrounding areas for improved signal to noise ratio, sensitivity and selectivity. Using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry and high speed multiplexers, multiple sensors can be arrayed to provide 3-D spatial, and near real-time monitoring. | 09-10-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110056037 | U Shape Toothbrush - The U Shape Toothbrush is for the daily use of cleaning teeth. Its toothbrush head is in U shape. Inside the U shape toothbrush head, brushes extend inward from 3 directions facing the top, front and back of teeth. During tooth brushing, it cleans the top, front and back of teeth at same time in every stroke, which makes it very efficient. It also minimizes the hard to reach areas on the back of teeth for the ordinary toothbrush, which makes it more effective on cleaning the back of teeth. Part of the toothbrush head is made of elastic material to allow the toothbrush head deforming to fit with teeth of different sizes. 4 humps are designed inside the U shape toothbrush head to control the deformation. A toothbrush handle is designed that it can rotate with respect to the U shape toothbrush head for convenient use. | 03-10-2011 |
20110191971 | H Shape Toothbrush - The H Shape Toothbrush is for the daily use of cleaning teeth. Its toothbrush head is in H shape. Inside the H shape toothbrush head, brushes extend inward facing the top, front and back of teeth as well as gums on both top and bottom jaw. During tooth brushing, it cleans all surfaces of the teeth and cleans/massages gums at same time in every stroke, which makes it very efficient. It minimizes the hard to reach areas on the back of teeth for the ordinary toothbrush, which makes it more effective on tooth cleaning. Elastic materials are used to allow the toothbrush head deforming to fit with teeth of different sizes. 8 humps are designed inside the H shape toothbrush head to control the deformation. A toothbrush handle is designed that it can rotate with respect to the H shape toothbrush head for convenient use. | 08-11-2011 |
20120005848 | Electric U or H toothbrush - The electric U or H toothbrush is for the daily use of cleaning teeth. Its toothbrush head is in U or H shape. Inside the U or H shape toothbrush head, there are rotators driven by an electric motor. Brushes extend from these rotators inward facing the top, front and back of teeth. During tooth brushing, the user turn on a switch, the electric U or H Toothbrush cleans all surfaces of the teeth at same time, which makes it very efficient. It minimizes the hard to reach areas on the back of teeth, which makes it more effective on tooth cleaning. Elastic materials are used to allow the toothbrush head deforming to fit with teeth of different sizes. Humps are designed inside the toothbrush head to control the deformation. A toothbrush handle is designed that it can rotate with respect to the toothbrush head for convenient use. | 01-12-2012 |
20140216009 | RICH BURN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE CATALYST CONTROL - A catalyst system may include a catalyst and a first sensor that detects contents of gases entering the catalyst and reports the contents of the gases entering the catalyst to an emissions control module. A second sensor and a third sensor may detect contents of gases exiting the catalyst and report the contents of the gases exiting the catalyst to the emissions control module. The emissions control module may determine an air-fuel ratio based on the contents of gases entering the catalyst and the contents of gases exiting the catalyst. The emissions control module may instruct an air-fuel regulator to operate an engine using the air-fuel ratio. | 08-07-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080205385 | DATA FRAME FORMATS TO IMPROVE GROUPCAST EFFICIENCY IN MULTI-HOP WIRELESS NETWORKS - Unified groupcast data frame formats are provided for improving the efficiency of groupcast communications in multihop wireless mesh networks, and significantly reducing bandwidth consumption. The unified groupcast data frame formats modify existing BSS data frame formats by inserting a mesh end-to-end sequence number into a field that is normally reserved for a sequence control field. In some implementations, a time-to-live (TTL) value can also be inserted into a QoS control field. | 08-28-2008 |
20080316951 | METHOD FOR DISCOVERING A ROUTE TO AN INTELLIGENT ACCESS POINT (IAP) - In a wireless multi-hop network including a plurality of multi-radio meshed nodes, a method is provided for a particular recipient multi-radio meshed node to optimize a route to an intelligent access point (IAP). Each of the multi-radio meshed nodes include a plurality of radio modules, and each radio module comprises an interface. Each of the radio modules in each of the multi-radio meshed nodes transmit a HELLO message over-the-air (OTA). Each HELLO message transmitted by each of the radio modules comprises: a source node MAC address field which specifies a first MAC address of the multi-radio meshed node, and a source interface MAC address field associated with a particular radio module of the multi-radio meshed node and which specifies an interface MAC address of the radio module. | 12-25-2008 |
20080316997 | MULTI-RADIO NODE WITH A SINGLE ROUTING MODULE WHICH MANAGES ROUTING FOR MULTIPLE DIFFERENT RADIO MODULES - A multi-radio meshed node is provided which includes a first radio module, a second radio module, and a single routing manager module that is common to or shared by the first radio module and the second radio module. The multi-radio meshed node has a node MAC address associated therewith which uniquely identifies the multi-radio meshed node. The first radio module includes a first interface. The second radio module is designed to communicate simultaneously when the first radio module is communicating. The second radio module includes a second interface. The first radio module has a first interface MAC address associated therewith, and the second radio module has a second interface MAC address associated therewith. The single routing manager module determines which one of the first interface and the second interface is to be used for routing of a particular packet. | 12-25-2008 |
20080317047 | METHOD FOR DISCOVERING A ROUTE TO A PEER NODE IN A MULTI-HOP WIRELESS MESH NETWORK - A method is provided for a particular multi-radio meshed node to discover a route to a peer multi-radio meshed node in a wireless multi-hop network including a plurality of multi-radio meshed nodes. Each of the multi-radio meshed nodes each includes a plurality of radio modules, and each radio module comprises an interface. The particular multi-radio meshed node transmits route request (RREQ) messages from each interface of a particular multi-radio meshed node. When a particular recipient multi-radio meshed node receives at least one of the route request (RREQ) messages, it generates a reverse route to the particular multi-radio meshed node. A peer-to-peer route is established when the particular multi-radio meshed node receives a route reply (RREP) message and can then be used to forward traffic to and from the destination node. | 12-25-2008 |
20090031398 | ROLE DETERMINATION FOR MESHED NODE AUTHENTICATION - Techniques are provided for determining respective roles of a first meshed node (MN) and a second MN during an authentication process. The first MN and the second MN determine whether at least one of the first MN and the second MN have a secure connection to an authentication server. When the first MN and the second MN each have a secure connection to the authentication server, the first MN and the second MN determine whether a first authentication message forwarding cost (AMFC) associated with the first MN is the same as a second AMFC associated with the second MN. When the first AMFC associated with the first MN is the different than the second AMFC associated with the second MN, the MN having the lower AMFC to an IAP (coupled to the authentication server) assumes the authenticator role, and the other MN having the higher AMFC assumes the supplicant role. | 01-29-2009 |
20090046614 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR UPDATING A MULTICAST STATE OF A MULTICAST GROUP - A method and system for updating a multicast state of a multicast group at a first mesh access point as provided improves network efficiency. According to one aspect, the method includes processing a multicast member join request for the multicast group received from a first wireless node. A proxy update message for the first wireless node received from a third mesh access point is then processed. The first wireless node connects to a second mesh access point after joining the multicast group via the first mesh access point, and the third mesh access point is a root node of a mesh tree of which the second mesh access point is a node. An Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) query message for the multicast group is then generated. A multicast update (MUPD) packet is then transmitted to an upstream node, whereby a multicast state is updated at the upstream node. | 02-19-2009 |
20090210710 | SECURITY AUTHENTICATION AND KEY MANAGEMENT WITHIN AN INFRASTRUCTURE-BASED WIRELESS MULTI-HOP NETWORK - A system and method of security authentication and key management scheme in a multi-hop wireless network is provided herein with a hop-by-hop security model. The scheme adapts the 802.11r key hierarchy into the meshed AP network. In this approach, a top key holder (R0KH) derives and holds the top Pairwise Master Key (PMK_0) for each supplicant wireless device after the authentication process. All authenticator AP take the level one key holder (R1KH) role and receive the next level Pairwise Master Key (PMK_1) from R0KH. The link level data protection key is derived from PMK_1 via the 802.11i 4-way handshaking. | 08-20-2009 |