Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090135341 | BACKLIGHT ASSEMBLY, LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY HAVING THE SAME, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING BACKLIGHT ASSEMBLY - The present invention relates to a backlight assembly, in which a lamp starting performance can be improved and an assembly process can be simplified, a liquid crystal display having the backlight assembly, and a method of manufacturing the backlight assembly. A backlight assembly according to the present invention includes a body, a phosphor film formed on an inside of the body, and an afterglowing material film formed on the outside of the body. Accordingly, a dark starting time can be shortened by improving a lamp starting performance of a light source. | 05-28-2009 |
20090174307 | FLUORESCENT MIXTURE FOR FLUORESCENT LAMP, FLUORESCENT LAMP, BACKLIGHT ASSEMBLY HAVING THE SAME AND DISPLAY DEVICE HAVING THE SAME - A fluorescent lamp includes a lamp body, a fluorescent layer and a discharge electrode. The lamp body has a discharge space in which ultraviolet light is generated. The fluorescent layer is formed on an inner surface of the lamp body to change the ultraviolet light into visible light. The discharge electrode is on an end portion of the lamp body to apply a voltage to the discharge space. A ratio of intensities of the visible light at wavelengths of about 545 nm and about 516 nm is about 1.32:1 to about 1.71:1. Therefore, color reproducibility and luminance may be improved. | 07-09-2009 |
20090256480 | LAMP AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY HAVING THE SAME - A lamp and a liquid crystal display including the lamp, the lamp including a lamp tube into which a discharge gas is injected, an internal electrode portion disposed at each of a first end and a second end at an inner side of the lamp tube, an electrode lead connected to each of the internal electrode portions and extending to an exterior side of the lamp tube, and a transparent cap disposed on outer surface of each of the first end and the second end of the lamp tube. | 10-15-2009 |
20090284949 | OPTICAL ELEMENT, LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE HAVING THE SAME AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - An optical element includes a light-transmitting structure and a first reflection-prevention layer. The light-transmitting structure has a first surface and a second surface facing the first surface. The first reflection-prevention layer includes a plurality of first light-refractive index buffering particles deposited on the first surface such as the concentration of the particles decreases as the distance from the first surface increases. The first reflection-prevention layer decreases the variation of a light-refractive index from the light-transmitting structure to an air layer to decrease the light reflectance of the first surface. Therefore, the light transmittance of the light-transmitting structure is increased due to the reflection-prevention layer formed on a surface of the light-transmitting structure, so that luminance may be enhanced. Moreover, the reflection-prevention layer may enhance the resistance of the light-transmitting structure to external impacts. | 11-19-2009 |
20100090941 | LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY - A liquid crystal display (LCD) may include in accordance with one or more embodiments an LCD panel on which an image is displayed and a fluorescent lamp providing light to the LCD panel. A tube current having a duty ratio may be applied to the fluorescent lamp. The duty ratio of the tube current may increase gradually from an initial duty ratio to a final duty ratio during a transition interval. | 04-15-2010 |
20120175651 | LIGHT EMITTNG MODULE, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME AND DISPLAY APPARATUS HAVING THE SAME - A light emitting module includes a light emitting package and a lead frame. The light emitting package includes a light emitting chip emitting light, a first lead electrically connected to the light emitting chip, and a second lead spaced apart from the first lead and electrically connected to the light emitting chip. The light emitting package is mounted on the lead frame. The lead frame includes a third lead electrically connected to the first lead, a fourth lead electrically connected to the second lead and a molding part including the third lead and the fourth lead therein. | 07-12-2012 |
20130058126 | Light-Source Unit, Back-Light Unit Having the Same, And Display Device Having the Same - A light-source unit for providing light to a display panel includes at least one light-source. The at least one light-source is mounted in a circuit board. A body portion having a housing space houses the circuit board on which the at least one light-source is mounted. A reflection portion reflects light emitted from the at least one light-source. The reflection portion has a parabola shape. The light is reflected by the reflection portion to proceed straight and in a direction perpendicular to a direction that the light is emitted from the at least one light-source. | 03-07-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080291874 | HANDOVER APPARATUS AND METHOD IN A HETEROGENEOUS WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Provided is a handover method, in which a call manager of a network having a Circuit Switching (CS) network, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, and an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) network, provides handover, from the LTE network to the CS network, to a terminal that uses one radio channel. The handover method includes upon receiving a request for handover from the terminal via a node of the LTE network, establishing a line to a Mobile Switching Center (MSC) of the CS network; sending, to the call manager, a request for a change in a session to another party's terminal in communication with the terminal, to establish an Internet Protocol (IP) bearer between the call manager and the other party's terminal; and sending a handover command to the terminal during the establishment of an IP bearer, to establish a radio channel to the base station of the CS network. | 11-27-2008 |
20090005048 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CALL HANDOVER BETWEEN PACKET NETWORK SYSTEM AND CIRCUIT NETWORK SYSTEM - A method and apparatus for performing handover on a voice call between a packet network system and a circuit network system is provided. Considering a communication environment where a UE cannot simultaneously use radio resources of both the next generation mobile communication system (LTE) and the legacy mobile communication system (e.g., GSM/WCDMA), the present invention proposes an SCSE for performing signal translation between the packet switched network and the circuit switched network and anchoring a voice call in the application level, and supports a continuous voice call using the SCSE. | 01-01-2009 |
20090025492 | APPARATUS FOR ADJUSTING POSITION OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN OF DUMMY MODEL FOR ESTIMATING FEELING OF SITTING IN SEAT - An apparatus for adjusting a position of the vertebral column of a dummy model for estimating the feeling of sitting in a seat almost exactly mimics the characteristics of the vertebral joints of a human being. The apparatus comprises a pelvic plate; a plurality of lumbar joints, stacked on the pelvic plate so as to be spaced apart from each other, and having joint springs installed in front and rear portions thereof centered around a rotation center interconnecting two adjacent ones thereof; femur joints rotatably installed below the pelvic plate, and connected with one end of each femur bar; and pelvic pivoting members transmitting rotating force of the femur joints, which is caused by vertical pivoting of the femur bars, to the pelvic plate, and changing a vertical angle of the pelvic plate. | 01-29-2009 |
20090056481 | PELVIS ASSEMBLY FOR DUMMY MODEL - A pelvis assembly for a dummy includes a pelvic plate attached to a lumbar region of the dummy, and one of more pelvic units, attached to the pelvic plate to transmit motion from a femur bar of the dummy to the plate. Each pelvic unit includes a hip joint, attached to the femur bar; a rotary axle, a first end of which is attached to the hip joint, and which is disposed laterally, to rotate together with the hip joint when the femur bar pivots vertically; and one or more pelvic angle adjusters, installed near a second end of the rotary axle, to transmit rotation of the rotary axle to the pelvic plate, thereby changing a vertical angle of the pelvic plate. | 03-05-2009 |
20090060456 | METHOD FOR CONNECTING AN EXTERNAL APPARATUS AND MULTIMEDIA REPLAYING APPARATUS USING THE SAME - A method for connecting an external apparatus and a multimedia replaying apparatus using the same. The method includes determining whether a command for displaying menus is input while multimedia content is replayed, determining a multimedia content replay state indicating whether a part or the whole of the multimedia contents is being replayed at an external apparatus if it is determined that the command for displaying menus is input, and displaying the menus comprising the multimedia content replay state on an area displaying a video of the multimedia contents. Therefore, a part or entire of replayed multimedia contents is readily transmitted to an external apparatus for wireless communication. | 03-05-2009 |
20090077482 | METHOD FOR EDITING PLAYLIST AND MULTIMEDIA REPRODUCING APPARATUS EMPLOYING THE SAME - A method for editing a playlist and a multimedia reproducing apparatus employing the same. The method for editing a playlist includes displaying a list including a plurality of content stored on a content reproducing apparatus, determining a content registration state indicating whether specific content on the list is registered in a playlist if a specific command is input during the displaying of the list, and displaying a menu including the content registration state. Accordingly, since a plurality of playlists is supported, the user can edit the playlist more diversely and more conveniently. | 03-19-2009 |
20090077491 | METHOD FOR INPUTTING USER COMMAND USING USER'S MOTION AND MULTIMEDIA APPARATUS THEREOF - A method for controlling a multimedia apparatus includes determining whether a dragging function display command is input during a playback of content, if the dragging function display command is input, determining a type of the reproduced content, displaying a plurality of dragging functions according to the determined type of the content, and setting one of the plurality of dragging functions. | 03-19-2009 |
20110153858 | MEDIA TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AND METHOD - A media transmission system and method having a server for selecting a video frame having an image number nearest to play position information and a high compression ratio, and for transmitting the video frame to a user terminal when the user terminal transmits desired play position information to the server while media data streaming is being performed from the server to the user terminal, thereby moving to the scene desired by a user and playing the scene in a simple manner with the media transmission system comprising a user terminal for receiving, from a user, desired position information for the media data being streamed and played, receiving the video stream matched to the position information for playing the video stream; and a media server for searching for the video stream having a high compression ratio among the video streams nearest to the position information, and streaming the searched video stream to the user terminal when the position information is received from the user terminal after streaming media data to the user terminal. | 06-23-2011 |
20110158319 | ENCODING SYSTEM USING MOTION ESTIMATION AND ENCODING METHOD USING MOTION ESTIMATION - Provided are an encoding system using motion estimation and an encoding method using motion estimation for achieving high-speed motion estimation according to a multi-processing unit. The encoding system using motion estimation, comprises a multi-processing unit calculating motion estimation on many macroblocks of an input image, a motion estimator estimating motion vectors of the macroblocks of the input image using the motion estimation on the plurality of macroblocks, previously calculated by the multi-processing unit, and an encoder encoding the image based on the motion vectors of the macroblocks, estimated by the motion estimator. According to the present invention, motion estimation to be used for motion estimation can be calculated in advance according to the multi-processing unit capable of processing high-speed parallel processing to reduce an image encoding time and improve an encoding speed. | 06-30-2011 |
20110315059 | EMBROIDERY FABRIC CLAMPING UNIT FOR USE WITH EMBROIDERY MACHINE AND EMBROIDERY MACHINE COMPRISING SAME - Disclosed are an embroidery fabric clamping unit for use with an embroidery machine, and an embroidery machine comprising the same, which allow the embroidering of even embroidery fabrics of arbitrary shape. The embroidery fabric clamping unit comprises: a unit body having a joining part provided for attachment to and detachment from a work table of the embroidery machine; an embroidery fabric support table which is linked to the unit body and supports the embroidery fabric to be embroidered by the embroidery machine; a lever which is supported on the unit body, with the embroidery fabric placed in between, and is able to apply pressure to and release pressure from the embroidery fabric support table; and a lever driving part for driving the lever. | 12-29-2011 |
20120319076 | MULTI-BIT MEMORY ELEMENTS, MEMORY DEVICES INCLUDING THE SAME, AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - In one embodiment, the memory element may include a first electrode, a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, a memory layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, and an auxiliary layer between the memory layer and the second electrode. The auxiliary layer provides a multi-bit memory characteristic to the memory layer. | 12-20-2012 |
20130121060 | NON-VOLATILE MEMORY ELEMENTS AND MEMORY DEVICES INCLUDING THE SAME - Non-volatile memory elements, memory devices including the same, and methods for operating and manufacturing the same may include a memory layer between a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode. The memory layer may include a first material layer and a second material layer, and may have a resistance change characteristic due to movement of ionic species between the first material layer and the second material layer. At least the first material layer of the first and second material layers may be doped with a metal. | 05-16-2013 |
20130146829 | RESISTIVE RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY DEVICES AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - Resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices, and methods of manufacturing the same, include a RRAM device having a switching device, and a storage node connected to the switching device, wherein the storage node includes a first electrode, a metal oxide layer, and a second electrode sequentially stacked. The metal oxide layer contains a semiconductor material element affecting resistance of the storage node. | 06-13-2013 |
20130278451 | Binary-to-Gray Converting Circuits and Gray Code Counter Including the Same - A binary-to-Gray converting circuit includes a buffer unit and a conversion unit. The buffer unit generates a data code of n bits in response to a power supply voltage and a second binary bit signal through an n | 10-24-2013 |
20140016618 | HANDOVER APPARATUS AND METHOD IN A HETEROGENEOUS WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A method and apparatus are provided for handing over from a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network to a Circuit Switching (CS) network by a call manager in a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving, from an Enhanced Node B (ENB) of the LTE network, a handover required message for a Packet Switching (PS) to CS handover from the LTE network to the CS network, when the PS to CS handover is decided based on measurement reports of a User Equipment (UE); sending, to a Mobile Switching Center (MSC) of the CS network, a PS to CS handover request message including an International mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) for identifying the UE and a target IDentifier (ID) for a target cell of the CS network; receiving a PS to CS handover response message from the MSC; and sending, to the UE via the ENB, a handover command message. | 01-16-2014 |
20140028959 | LIQUID CRYSTAL COMPOSITION AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY - A liquid crystal composition includes a first compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 and a second compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 2. (herein, in Chemical Formula 1, R1 is an alkenyl group including a double bond and R2 is an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, and in Chemical Formula 2, R and R′ are each independently an alkyl group or an alkoxy group). | 01-30-2014 |
20140089796 | ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, METHOD FOR AUTHORING MULTIMEDIA CONTENT AND COMPUTER READABLE RECORDING MEDIUM STORING A PROGRAM FOR PERFORMING THE METHOD - An electronic apparatus, a method for authorizing multimedia content thereof, and a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing therein a program to execute the method are provided. The method for generating multimedia content of the electronic apparatus includes displaying a page screen of electronic book content comprising text and video, receiving a user command to generate a multimedia object in synchronization with the video, and displaying a multimedia object generating window which is movable and size-adjustable within the page screen, and generating the multimedia object in synchronization with the video in response to the user command through the multimedia object generating window and storing the multimedia object in synchronization with the video. As a result, the user is able to author electronic book content comprising interactive multimedia therein. | 03-27-2014 |
20140295324 | SEPARATOR FOR FUEL CELL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A separator for a fuel cell and a method for manufacturing the same comprise two sheets of metal plates integrally formed to minimize contact resistance between an upper metal plate and a lower metal plate. The method for manufacturing the separator includes steps of preparing an upper metal plate and a lower metal plate, each plate having opposing main sides, and applying a coating liquid containing a polymer composite material on both sides of the upper and lower metal plates, to form first and second composite material layers on both sides of the upper plates and third and fourth composite material layers on both sides of the lower plates. The method further includes stacking the upper metal plate on the lower metal plate, before drying the respective composite material layers, and integrally bonding the second composite material layer and the third composite material layer to form a single intermediate composite material layer. | 10-02-2014 |
20150042915 | LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY - A liquid crystal display, including: a first insulation substrate; a gate line and a data line positioned on the first insulation substrate and crossing each other; a first passivation layer positioned on the gate line and the data line; a pixel electrode positioned on the first passivation layer; an alignment layer positioned on the pixel electrode; a second insulation substrate facing the first insulation substrate; and a liquid crystal positioned between the first insulation substrate and the second insulation substrate. A thickness of the alignment layer is larger than a thickness of the pixel electrode. | 02-12-2015 |
20150049232 | IMAGE SENSOR AND ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER AND ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTING METHOD THEREOF - An image sensor is provided. The image sensor includes a pixel array having active pixel sensors arranged in rows and columns; a correlated double sampler that converts sensing signals transferred from pixels sensors selected from the active pixel sensors to correlated double sampling signals and outputs a conversion result by column; and an analog-to-digital converter that converts the correlated double sampling signals corresponding to plural columns to digital signals using a global code. The analog-to-digital converter includes a column shared operator that performs a digital conversion operation on correlated double sampling signals corresponding to two or more columns of the plural columns. | 02-19-2015 |
20150077672 | LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY - Disclosed is a liquid crystal display including: a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a thin film transistor disposed on the first substrate; a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor and including a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode; a common electrode disposed on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and including liquid crystal molecules therein. The first and second subpixel electrodes include a cross-shaped stem portion including horizontal and vertical stem portions, and a plurality of micro-branch portions extending from the cross-shaped stem portion, a thickness of the liquid crystal layer being 2.4 μm to 3.2 μm, the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecule being −3.0 to −2.0, and a pitch of the micro-branch portion being 4 μm to 6 μm. | 03-19-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110267899 | NON-VOLATILE MEMORY DEVICE AND NON-VOLATILE MEMORY SYSTEM HAVING THE SAME - A non-volatile memory device may include a memory cell array, a page buffer, a column decoder, a column selection circuit and a repair circuit. The memory cell array includes normal memory cells and redundancy memory cells. In one example, the page buffer may load normal data and redundancy data from the memory cell array. The column decoder may generate a normal column selection signal and a redundancy column selection signal in response to a column address. The column selection circuit may select the normal data and redundancy data in response to the normal column selection signal and redundancy column selection signal. The repair circuit may then output one of the normal data and redundancy data. | 11-03-2011 |
20130242541 | DISPLAY DEVICE COMPRISING THE SAME - Disclosed is a display device that can uniformly transmit light emitted from a light source to the entire display panel without using a light guide plate. The display device includes a display panel, a backlight assembly supplying light to the display panel, and a lower cover receiving the backlight assembly. The backlight assembly includes a light source, a circuit board mounted with the light source, and a reflection cover coupled to the circuit board to reflect light emitted from the light source and formed of a bendable plate type member. | 09-19-2013 |
20140104541 | BACKLIGHT UNIT FOR DISPLAY DEVICE AND DRIVING METHOD THEREOF - A backlight unit for a display device includes a light source module which emits light, a light guiding plate which guides the light incident from the light source module toward a front surface thereof, and a light beam spread angle regulating sheet disposed between the light source module and a lateral surface of the light guiding plate, where the light beam spread angle regulating sheet regulates a light beam spread angle of the light incident from the light source module. | 04-17-2014 |
20140146521 | DISPLAY DEVICE - A display device includes a light source, a mirror reflection guide member, a diffusion reflection member, and a display panel. The light source extends in a first direction and is configured to emit light. The mirror reflection guide member is configured to: support the light source, and guide at least some of the light to a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The mirror reflection guide member includes a plurality of guide patterns extending in the second direction and arranged in the first direction. The diffusion reflection member is configured to guide at least some of the light to a third direction substantially perpendicular to the first and second directions. The display panel is disposed on the mirror reflection guide member and the diffusion reflection member and is configured to display an image using the light guided by the diffusion reflection member. | 05-29-2014 |
20140286049 | BACKLIGHT UNIT AND DISPLAY DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME - A backlight unit includes a light source which generates a first light; a quantum dots member which is spaced apart from the light source by a first distance and converts the first light into a second light; a guide member which lengthwise extends in a first direction and fixes positions of the light source and the quantum dots member; and an optical member which reflects the second light. The guide member guides the first light from the light source to the quantum dots member and guides the second light from the quantum dots member to the optical member. | 09-25-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20130043451 | Nonvolatile Memory Elements And Memory Devices Including The Same - Nonvolatile memory elements and memory devices including the nonvolatile memory elements. A nonvolatile memory element may include a memory layer between two electrodes, and the memory layer may have a multi-layer structure. The memory layer may include a base layer and an ionic species exchange layer and may have a resistance change characteristic due to movement of ionic species between the base layer and the ionic species exchange layer. The ionic species exchange layer may have a multi-layer structure including at least two layers. The nonvolatile memory element may have a multi-bit memory characteristic due to the ionic species exchange layer having the multi-layer structure. The base layer may be an oxygen supplying layer, and the ionic species exchange layer may be an oxygen exchange layer. | 02-21-2013 |
20130051164 | NONVOLATILE MEMORY DEVICES AND METHODS OF DRIVING THE SAME - A method of driving a nonvolatile memory device including applying a reset voltage to a unit memory cell, reading a reset current of the unit memory cell, confirming whether the reset current is within a first current range, if the reset current is not within the first current range, changing the reset voltage and applying a changed reset voltage or applying again the reset voltage to the unit memory cell after applying a set voltage to the unit memory cell, if the reset current is within the first current range, confirming whether a difference between the present reset current and an immediately previous set current is within a second current range, and, if the difference is not within the second current range, applying the reset voltage or applying again the reset voltage to the unit memory cell after applying a set voltage to the unit memory cell. | 02-28-2013 |
20130058153 | SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES INCLUDING VARIABLE RESISTANCE ELEMENTS AND METHODS OF OPERATING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES - In a method of operating a semiconductor device, a resistance value of a variable resistance element is changed from a first resistance value to a second resistance value by applying a first voltage to the variable resistance element; and a first current that flows through the variable resistance element is sensed. A second voltage for changing the resistance value of the variable resistance element from the second resistance value to the first resistance value is modulated based on a dispersion of the first current, and the first voltage is re-applied to the variable resistance element based on a dispersion of the first current. | 03-07-2013 |
20140042380 | RESISTANCE SWITCHING MATERIAL ELEMENT AND DEVICE EMPLOYING THE SAME - According to example embodiments, a resistance switching material element includes a resistance switching material layer between a first electrode and a second electrode, and a self-rectifying layer provided between the resistance switching material layer and one of the first and second electrodes. The second electrode may be on the first electrode. | 02-13-2014 |
20140091274 | MEMORY DEVICES HAVING UNIT CELL AS SINGLE DEVICE AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - In one embodiment, a memory device includes a first electrode layer on a substrate; a data storing layer on the first electrode layer; and a second electrode layer on the data storing layer. At least one of the first and second electrode layers may be formed of a material having a conduction band offset that varies with an applied voltage. One of the first and second electrode layers may be connected to a bit line and the other may be connected to a word line. The first electrode layer may include one of graphene and metastable oxide. The second electrode layer may include one of graphene and metastable oxide. | 04-03-2014 |
20140091856 | 2-TERMINAL SWITCHING DEVICE - A two-terminal switching device includes a resistive switching element, a diode, and a resistive circuit. The resistive switching element switches between low and high resistance states based on a switching signal and maintain a switched resistance state until another switching signal is received. The diode is connected to the resistive switching element and blocks the switching signal from being transmitted to an output terminal. The resistive circuit allows the switching signal blocked by the diode to flow to the reference potential. | 04-03-2014 |
20140092668 | RESISTIVE SWITCHING DEVICES AND MEMORY DEVICES INCLUDING THE SAME - A resistive switching device includes a first material layer between a first electrode and a second electrode. The first material layer has a first region and a second region parallel to the first region. The first region corresponds to a conducting path formed in the first material layer, and is configured to switch from a low-resistance state to a high-resistance state in response to an applied voltage that is greater than or equal to a first voltage. The second region is configured to switch to a first resistance value that is less than a resistance value of the first region in the high-resistance state when the applied voltage is greater than or equal to a second voltage. The first region remains constant or substantially constant when the second region has the first resistance value. | 04-03-2014 |
20140246643 | MEMORY DEVICE AND APPARATUS INCLUDING THE SAME - A memory device may include a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode. The memory device may further include a memory element disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and a switching element disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The switching element may be configured to control signal access to the memory element. The memory device may further include a barrier layer disposed between the memory element and the switching element, the barrier layer including an insulation material. | 09-04-2014 |