Sankaranarayanan, US
Ananth Sankaranarayanan, Portland, OR US
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20140273962 | CALL HANDLING BASED ON USER PROFILE IDENTIFICATION - Technologies for handling a call based on user identification include determining a personal profile identification for a user of a communal mobile communication device and initiating a call to a personal communication device using a phone number of the personal communication device and the personal profile identification. The personal communication device may apply a call treatment to the incoming call based on the personal profile identification. Additionally, the personal communication device may originate a call to a call recipient of the communal mobile communication device using a personal profile identification to identify the call recipient. The communal mobile communication device may apply a call treatment to the incoming call based on the personal profile identification. | 09-18-2014 |
Ananthakrishnan Sankaranarayanan, Davis, CA US
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20100121059 | 5-PHENOXYALKOXYPSORALENS AND METHODS FOR SELECTIVE INHIBITION OF THE VOLTAGE GATED Kv1.3 POTASSIUM CHANNEL - Compositions of matter comprising 5-phenoxyalkoxypsoralen compounds and their method of synthesis and use. The compounds are useable to treat diseases or disorders in human or animal subjects, including autoimmune diseases. The compounds inhibit potassium channels, including the Kv1.3 channel and at least some of the therapeutic effects of such compounds may be due at least in part to potassium channel inhibition. In some embodiments, the compounds are more selective for certain potassium channels (e.g., Kv1.3 channels) than other potassium channels (e.g., Kv1.5 channels). | 05-13-2010 |
Aswin Sankaranarayanan, Houston, TX US
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20110235916 | Determining Points of Parabolic Curvature on Surfaces of Specular Objects - Embodiments of the invention disclose a system and a method for determining points of parabolic curvature on a surface of a specular object from a set of images of the object is acquired by a camera under a relative motion between a camera-object pair and the environment. The method determines directions of image gradients at each pixel of each image in the set of images, wherein pixels from different images corresponding to an identical point on the surface of the object form corresponding pixels. The corresponding pixels having substantially constant the direction of the image gradients are selected as pixels representing points of the parabolic curvature. | 09-29-2011 |
20110235933 | Method for Reconstructing Surfaces of Specular Object from Sparse Reflection Correspondences - A point correspondence procedure is applied to a set of images of a specular object to produce sparse reflection correspondences. The set of images is subject to rotation while acquired by a camera. That is, either the camera, the environment or the object rotates. Either a linear system AΘ=0 is solved or a related second order cone program (SOCP) is solved, where Θ is a vector of local surface parameters. Gradients of the surface are obtained from the local quadric surface parameters, and the gradients are integrated to obtain normals, wherein the normals define a shape of the surface. | 09-29-2011 |
Aswin Sankaranarayanan, Greenbelt, MD US
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20110063403 | MULTI-CAMERA HEAD POSE TRACKING - Techniques and technologies for tracking a face with a plurality of cameras wherein a geometry between the cameras is initially unknown. One disclosed method includes detecting a head with two of the cameras and registering a head model with the image of the head (as detected by one of the cameras). The method also includes back projecting the other detected face image to the head model and determining a head pose from the back-projected head image. Furthermore, the determined geometry is used to track the face with at least one of the cameras. | 03-17-2011 |
Aswin C Sankaranarayanan, Pittsburgh, PA US
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20140063314 | System And Method Of Video Compressive Sensing For Spatial-Multiplexing Cameras - Compressive sensing (CS)-based spatial-multiplexing cameras (SMCs) sample a scene through a series of coded projections using a spatial light modulator and a few optical sensor elements. A co-designed video CS sensing matrix and recovery algorithm provides an efficiently computable low-resolution video preview. The scene's optical flow is estimated from the preview and fed into a convex-optimization algorithm to recover the high-resolution video. | 03-06-2014 |
Aswin C. Sankaranarayanan, Houston, TX US
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20130093957 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMPRESSIVE ACQUISITION AND RECOVERY OF DYNAMIC IMAGERY - A new framework for video compressed sensing models the evolution of the image frames of a video sequence as a linear dynamical system (LDS). This reduces the video recovery problem to first estimating the model parameters of the LDS from compressive measurements, from which the image frames are then reconstructed. We exploit the low-dimensional dynamic parameters (state sequence) and high-dimensional static parameters (observation matrix) of the LDS to devise a novel compressive measurement strategy that measures only the dynamic part of the scene at each instant and accumulates measurements over time to estimate the static parameters. This enables us to lower the compressive measurement rate considerably yet obtain video recovery at a high frame rate that is in fact inversely proportional to the length of the video sequence. This property makes our framework well-suited for high-speed video capture and other applications. We validate our approach with a range of experiments including classification experiments that highlight the purposive nature of our framework. | 04-18-2013 |
20140029824 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO COMPRESSIVE SENSING FOR DYNAMIC IMAGING - A compressive sensing system for dynamic video acquisition. The system includes a video signal interface including a compressive imager configured to acquire compressive sensed video frame data from an object, a video processing unit including a processor and memory. The video processing unit is configured to receive the compressive sensed video frame data from the video signal interface. The memory comprises computer readable instructions that when executed by the processor cause the processor to generate a motion estimate from the compressive sensed video frame data and generate dynamical video frame data from the motion estimate and the compressive sensed video frame data. The dynamical video frame data may be output. | 01-30-2014 |
Balamurugan Sankaranarayanan, Kent, WA US
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20130101172 | X-RAY INSPECTION SYSTEM THAT INTEGRATES MANIFEST DATA WITH IMAGING/DETECTION PROCESSING - The present specification discloses systems and methods for integrating manifest data for cargo and light vehicles with their X-ray images generated during scanning Manifest data is automatically imported into the system for each shipment, and helps the security personnel to quickly determine the contents of cargo. In case of a mismatch between cargo contents shown by manifest data and the X-ray images, the cargo may be withheld for further inspection. In one embodiment, the process of analyzing the X-ray image of the cargo in conjunction with the manifest data is automated. | 04-25-2013 |
Jagadis Sankaranarayanan, San Diego, CA US
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20120070383 | POLYMERIC NANO-CARRIERS WITH A LINEAR DUAL RESPONSE MECHANISM AND USES THEREOF - The present invention features compositions in which nano-carriers are synthesized with polymers that respond to lower pH and/or ROS by being degraded. The compositions may be utilized to selectively deliver payloads within patients by responding to lower pH and/or ROS at localities within the patient. The present invention also features methods of synthesizing nano-carriers that are degraded by lower pH and/or ROS. | 03-22-2012 |
20120259267 | Chemically Amplified Response Strategies for Medical Sciences - Compositions are provided in which dendrimers and/or nanoparticles are synthesized with multi-photon responsive elements and self-immolative oligomers. The compositions may be utilized to selectively deliver Payloads within tissue by irradiating the compositions. The compositions may also be used to amplify sensitivity to irradiation. | 10-11-2012 |
20150056181 | NANOCARRIERS WITH MULTI-PHOTON RESPONSE ELEMENTS - Compositions are provided in which dendrimers and/or nanoparticles are synthesized with multi-photon responsive elements and self-immolative oligomers. The compositions may be utilized to selectively deliver Payloads within tissue by irradiating the compositions. The compositions may also be used to amplify sensitivity to irradiation. | 02-26-2015 |
20150079005 | POLYMERIC NANOCARRIERS WITH LINEAR DUAL RESPONSE MECHANISM - Nanocarriers are synthesized with polymers that respond to lower pH and/or ROS by being degraded. The compositions may be utilized to selectively deliver payloads within patients by responding to lower pH and/or ROS at localities within the patient. The present invention also features methods of synthesizing nanocarriers that are degraded by lower pH and/or ROS. | 03-19-2015 |
Jagan Sankaranarayanan, Santa Clara, CA US
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20120136575 | PATH ORACLES FOR SPATIAL NETWORKS - One embodiment of the invention is directed to a method including constructing a path-distance oracle that provides both an intermediate vertex of a shortest path between two vertices in a spatial network and an approximate distance between the two vertices. The constructing comprises decomposing the spatial network into a set of path-coherent pairs (PCPs) that satisfy at least one predefined property. | 05-31-2012 |
20120143951 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING A PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PAAS) WITH A MATERIALIZED SHARED SPACE - A platform as a service (PaaS) is provided as part of a data sharing scheme. The PaaS is configured to setup a materialized shared space in a cloud. The materialized shared space includes a set of resources invested by the PaaS to permit data sharing between a tenant application and at least one consumer application. A sharing middleware configured to provide the at least one consumer application with access to the data in the materialized shared space. | 06-07-2012 |
20120144040 | NEGOTIATION TOOL AND METHOD FOR CLOUD INFRASTRUCTURE DATA SHARING - A system and method are provided for data sharing. A sharing negotiation tool permits at least one consumer application to negotiate a service level agreement on a dataset which is being shared by a tenant application on a cloud. A capacity planner is configured to determine an appropriate allocation of cloud resources to ensure that the service level agreement of the at least one consumer application is satisfied. | 06-07-2012 |
20120144403 | System and method for gathering context parameters to determine a mobile user context - A system and method for data sharing are provided. Context parameters associated with a user are gathered from a plurality of applications. A mobile context of the user is determined based on the gathered context parameters. Content is presented to the user in accordance with the mobile context of the user. | 06-07-2012 |
20120144407 | System and method for cloud infrastructure data sharing through a uniform communication framework - A system and method are provided for data sharing. A uniform communication framework is provided as part of a sharing service on the cloud platform to facilitate data sharing among a plurality of applications. The uniform communication framework includes an application programming interface which provides a communication gateway to permit a first application to access data of a second application stored in the data store. | 06-07-2012 |
20130110574 | GENERATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF DATA SHARING AMONG MULTIPLE DATA SOURCES AND CONSUMERS | 05-02-2013 |
20130110575 | FINDING OPTIMUM COMBINED PLANS AMONG MULTIPLE SHARING ARRANGEMENTS AND MULTIPLE DATA SOURCES AND CONSUMERS | 05-02-2013 |
20130226878 | SEAMLESS CONTEXT TRANSFERS FOR MOBILE APPLICATIONS - Methods and systems for seamless context transfers include receiving a context object from one or more applications, where the context object including updated context information for a user having an associated timestamp; entering the updated context information into a context information database; determining entries of the context information database for the user having a timestamp older than a predetermined threshold using a processor; purging the determined entries from the context information database; and sending an updated context object to one or more applications that reflects a current state of the context information for the user. | 08-29-2013 |
20140006383 | SYSTEM FOR EVOLUTIONARY ANALYTICS | 01-02-2014 |
20140122374 | COST EXPLORATION OF DATA SHARING IN THE CLOUD - A method to facilitate data sharing for cloud applications includes determining one or more cost levers for a cloud service provider to share data among applications; determining a costing function that considers a resource cost of creating and maintaining the sharing, potential penalties to be paid if a service level agreement (SLA) is breached by the cloud service provider, and overprovisioning of services from the provider; and interactively answering what-if questions on pricing of services to allow a consumer to explore the cost of data sharing from the provider. | 05-01-2014 |
20140207755 | System for Multi-store Analytics Execution Environments with Storage Constraints - Systems and methods are disclosed for managing a multi-store execution environment by applying opportunistic materialized views to improve workload performance and executing a plan on multiple database engines to increase query processing speed by leveraging unique capabilities of each engine by enabling stages of a query to execute on multiple engines, and by moving materialized views across engines. | 07-24-2014 |
20150081668 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TUNING MULTI-STORE SYSTEMS TO SPEED UP BIG DATA QUERY WORKLOAD - Systems and methods are disclosed to run a multistore system by receiving by-products of query processing in the multistore system, wherein the by-products include views or materializations of intermediate data; placing the views or materializations across the stores based on recently observed queries as indicative of a future query workload; determining a benefit score for each view based on a predicted future query workload, wherein each store has an allotted view storage budget, and there is a view transfer budget for transferring views between the stores; and tuning a physical design of the multistore system. | 03-19-2015 |
Janakiram G. Sankaranarayanan, San Diego, CA US
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20120013387 | WIDEBAND BALUN HAVING A SINGLE PRIMARY AND MULTIPLE SECONDARIES - An RF transmitter capable of transmitting over a wide range of frequencies includes a mixer, a wideband high-Q balun, a first driver amplifier and a second driver amplifier. The balun has a single primary winding and two secondary windings. A differential output of the mixer is coupled to the primary winding. A first of the two secondary windings is coupled to drive the first driver amplifier. A second of the two secondary windings is coupled to drive the second driver amplifier. One driver amplifier is used when transmitting at lower frequencies whereas the other driver amplifier is used when transmitting at higher frequencies. By appropriate sizing of the inductances of the secondary windings and by switching out one of the secondary windings at certain times, the balun is tunable to operate over the wide frequency range while having a high quality factor Q, thereby facilitating reduced power consumption while simultaneously meeting performance requirements. | 01-19-2012 |
20120135698 | PROGRAMMABLE ATTENUATOR - Disclosed are circuits, techniques and methods for implementing an attenuator in a signal transmission path. In one particular implementation, an attenuation may be adjusted based, at least in part, on a control signal. In another implementation, such an attenuation may be adjusted in coarse increments by varying one or more gate voltages applied one or more transistors. In yet another implementation, adjusting said attenuation in fine increments by varying a bias voltage applied to at least one level shifter. | 05-31-2012 |
20140167864 | TUNABLE WIDE BAND DRIVER AMPLIFIER - A tunable wide band driver amplifier is disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, an apparatus includes a first band selection circuit selectively connected between an output terminal of an amplifier and a circuit ground. The first band selection circuit configured to adjust an amplification band from a first frequency band to a second frequency band. The apparatus also includes a first harmonic reduction circuit selectively connected between the first band selection circuit and the circuit ground and configured to reduce 2 | 06-19-2014 |
Janakiram Ganesh Sankaranarayanan, San Diego, CA US
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20120025927 | RF ISOLATION SWITCH CIRCUIT - In a first aspect, an RF switch includes a main transistor and a gate-to-source shorting circuit. When the RF switch is turned off, the gate-to-source shorting circuit is turned on to short the source and gate of the main transistor together, thereby preventing a Vgs from developing that would cause the main transistor to leak. When the RF switch is turned on, the gate-to-source shorting circuit is turned off to decouple the source from the gate. The gate is supplied with a digital logic high voltage to turn on the main transistor. In a second aspect, an RF switch includes a main transistor that has a bulk terminal. When the RF switch is turned off, the bulk is connected to ground through a high resistance. When the RF switch is turned on, the source and bulk are shorted together thereby reducing the threshold voltage of the main transistor. | 02-02-2012 |
20150180423 | DISTORTION CANCELLATION FOR LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER (LNA) NON-LINEAR SECOND ORDER PRODUCTS - A device includes a main low noise amplifier (LNA) stage configured to amplify a single-ended communication signal, an auxiliary LNA stage coupled to the main LNA stage, the auxiliary LNA stage configured to cancel non-linear second order products generated by the main LNA stage, and a load circuit configured to receive an output of the main LNA stage and an output of the auxiliary LNA stage, the load circuit configured to convert the single-ended communication signal to a differential signal. | 06-25-2015 |
20160080018 | ON-CHIP LINEARITY CALIBRATION - An apparatus including: at least one receiver having injection points and having at least an amplifier and a transformer; and a plurality of isolation switches coupled to injection points of the at least one receiver, the plurality of isolation switches configured to route a calibration signal generated by a transmitter to one of the injection points. | 03-17-2016 |
Karthik Sankaranarayanan, Cumberland, RI US
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20160006350 | TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING SWITCHING NOISE AND IMPROVING TRANSIENT RESPONSE IN VOLTAGE REGULATORS - Methods and apparatus relating to reducing switching noise and improving transient response in voltage regulators are described. In an embodiment, one or more pulses are inserted into an output waveform of a voltage regulator. The one or more pulses introduce multiple frequencies into the output waveform of the voltage regulator (e.g., to reduce acoustic noise). In another embodiment, the output voltage of a voltage regulator is modified in response to comparison of the output voltage with at least one of a plurality of threshold values. The plurality of threshold values includes an upper trigger point voltage value and a lower trigger point voltage value. Other embodiments are also disclosed and claimed. | 01-07-2016 |
Karthik Sankaranarayanan, Hillsboro, OR US
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20130006550 | IDENTIFYING ELECTRICAL SOURCES OF ACOUSTIC NOISE - Systems and methods of identifying electrical sources of audible acoustic noise may involve identifying first frequency content of a circuit board, wherein the first frequency content is associated with at least one of acoustic noise and a vibration of the circuit board. Second frequency content of an electrical signal associated with the circuit board may also be identified. In addition, a coherence between the first frequency content and the second frequency content may be determined. | 01-03-2013 |
Krishnan Sankaranarayanan, South Riding, VA US
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20100105956 | Internal Loop Reactor And OXO Process Using Same - The invention relates to improvements in internal loop reactors. The reactor of the invention is characterized by a plurality of cooling tubes which form the annulus between the riser and the downcomer path of said internal loop reactor. The reactor also provides improvements in hydroformylation reactions using the improved reactor. | 04-29-2010 |
20100282567 | On-board desulfurization system - A fuel desulfurization system that can be located on-board a transportation vehicle. The desulfurization system contains a unique sorption vessel having a vacuum shell design to ensure a prescribed axial and radial temperature profile under operating conditions. | 11-11-2010 |
20110217218 | Systems and Methods for Acid Gas Removal - A method and system for the selective removal of CO | 09-08-2011 |
Krishnan Sankaranarayanan, Pittstown, NJ US
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20130211153 | System for Alcohol Production - The invention concerns a system and process for alcohol production. | 08-15-2013 |
Lalitha Sankaranarayanan, Bedminster, NJ US
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20090092192 | Multi-frequency data transmission channel power allocation - A method of controlling a communication device that is operable to transmit digital data over a plurality of frequency channels. The method includes selecting an initial transmission power and a corresponding data rate for each channel. The method also includes identifying in a first channel a first ratio of a first decrement in transmission power to a first data rate decrement that is greater than a second ratio of a second decrement in transmission power to a second data rate decrement. Then, the initial transmission power allocation of the first channel is reduced by the first decrement. The method also includes reallocating the decremented initial transmission power of the first channel to one or more other channels. | 04-09-2009 |
20100046664 | Multi-frequency data transmission channel power allocation - A communication device has an inner coder and an outer coder and transmits digital data over frequency channels. A method involves obtaining a characteristic of the frequency channels, and selecting performance parameters of the inner and outer coders for each channel based in part on the obtained characteristic of the channel. The performance parameter selecting step includes storing, for each of a plurality of combinations of inner and outer coder performance parameters, a corresponding transmission power requirement, and selecting a combination of inner and outer coder performance parameters by selecting a transmission power requirement, based on a multi-channel efficiency over respective data rates. Data is allocated to be transmitted to each channel. | 02-25-2010 |
Parvathinathan Sankaranarayanan, Irving, TX US
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20090158381 | ENDURANCE TESTING OF A CONTENT PROCESSING DEVICE - A content processing device is configured to selectively receive a media signal from a media signal provider. A distribution device is configured to selectively receive a media signal from the content processing device, and to selectively provide one or more command signals to the content processing device. A computer is configured to selectively receive the media signal from the distribution device, and to selectively provide commands to the distribution device. The distribution device is further configured to provide the received one or more commands to the content processing device via the one or more command signals. | 06-18-2009 |
Ramaswamy Sankaranarayanan, Natick, MA US
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20110232198 | BACKINGLESS ABRASIVE ARTICLE - An abrasive article includes an abrasive layer having an array of protrusions. The abrasive layer has a thickness not greater than about 500 mils. The abrasive article is free of a backing layer. | 09-29-2011 |
Ramesh Sankaranarayanan, Irving, TX US
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20110019812 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR INTERACTIVE CUSTOMER SERVICE - A method is implemented by one or more server devices associated with a network. The method includes receiving information relating to a customer service request, where the information includes data to identify a category of the customer service request. The method also includes receiving a request to speak with a customer service agent, and placing a service call request in a calling queue associated with the category of the customer service request. The method further includes monitoring availability of customer service agents associated with the calling queue, and sending a call initiation message to the access terminal when a customer service agent associated with the calling queue is available. Based on the call initiation message, the access terminal may automatically initiate a voice session with an available customer service agent. | 01-27-2011 |
Ramesh Sankaranarayanan, Storrs, CT US
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20100262450 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MOBILE ASSET MANAGEMENT - A method and system related to managing mobile assets, the method including receiving asset event data associated with a plurality of mobile assets including information indicative of location status, motion status, and cargo status of the plurality of mobile assets; determining asset segment data defined by the asset event data of the plurality of mobile assets during a time interval based on the asset event data; determining turn time data for each of the plurality of mobile assets; calculating a set of metrics for the plurality of mobile assets based on the asset segment data and the turn time data; determining an optimal asset pool size for a location to be serviced by the plurality of mobile assets; and providing an output of the determined optimal asset pool size for the location. | 10-14-2010 |
Sairam Sankaranarayanan, Fremont, CA US
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20090153842 | OPTICAL MEASUREMENT SYSTEM WITH SYSTEMATIC ERROR CORRECTION - An optical measurement system and wafer processing tool for correcting systematic errors in which a first diffraction spectrum is measured from a standard substrate including a layer having a known refractive index and a known extinction coefficient by exposing the standard substrate to a spectrum of electromagnetic energy. A tool-perfect diffraction spectrum is calculated for the standard substrate. A hardware systematic error is calculated by comparing the measured diffraction spectrum to the calculated tool-perfect diffraction spectrum. A second diffraction spectrum from a workpiece is measured by exposing the workpiece to the spectrum of electromagnetic energy, and the measured second diffraction spectrum is corrected based on the calculated hardware systematic error to obtain a corrected diffraction spectrum. | 06-18-2009 |
20090157343 | METHOD OF CORRECTING SYSTEMATIC ERROR IN A METROLOGY SYSTEM - A method for correcting systematic errors in an optical measurement tool in which a first diffraction spectrum is measured from a standard substrate including a layer having a known refractive index and a known extinction coefficient by exposing the standard substrate to a spectrum of electromagnetic energy. A tool-perfect diffraction spectrum is calculated for the standard substrate. A hardware systematic error is calculated by comparing the measured diffraction spectrum to the calculated tool-perfect diffraction spectrum. A second diffraction spectrum from a workpiece is measured by exposing the workpiece to the spectrum of electromagnetic energy, and the measured second diffraction spectrum is corrected based on the calculated hardware systematic error to obtain a corrected diffraction spectrum. | 06-18-2009 |
Srikanth Sankaranarayanan, Greer, SC US
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20100257733 | High pressure single crystal turbine blade tip repair with laser cladding - Methods are provided for repairing a damaged section of an air-cooled turbine blade, the blade having a first wall, a second wall, a trailing edge, and a plurality of cooling holes, the plenum formed between the first and second walls and having a predetermined shape, and the plurality of cooling holes formed on the trailing edge in flow communication with the plenum and having predetermined shapes. In one embodiment, and by way of example only, the method includes the steps of injecting a filler material into the blade plenum and the plurality of blade cooling holes, the filler material capable of solidifying into the predetermined shapes of the blade plenum and blade cooling holes. Then, the damaged section of the blade is laser welded and machined to original dimensions. Next, the filler material is removed. | 10-14-2010 |
Subramanian Sankaranarayanan, Naperville, IL US
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20130084451 | METHOD FOR PATTERNING NANO PARTICLES - The invention provides a simple and inexpensive method to assemble nanomaterials into millimeter lengths. The method can be used to generate optical, sensing, electronic, magnetic and or catalytic materials. Also provided is a substrate comprised of fused nanoparticles. The invention also provides a diode comprised of assembled nanoparticles. | 04-04-2013 |
Sundararajan Sankaranarayanan, Freemont, CA US
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20160093396 | Read Retry For Non-Volatile Memories - An apparatus for reading a non-volatile memory includes a tracking module operable to calculate means and variances of voltage level distributions in a non-volatile memory and to calculate at least one reference voltage to be used when reading the non-volatile memory based on the means and variances, a likelihood generator operable to calculate at least one other reference voltage to be used when reading the non-volatile memory, wherein the at least one other reference voltage is based at least in part on a predetermined likelihood value constellation, and to map read patterns from the non-volatile memory to likelihood values, and a read controller operable to read the non-volatile memory using the at least one reference voltage and the at least one other reference voltage to yield the read patterns. | 03-31-2016 |
Sundararajan Sankaranarayanan, Pittsburgh, PA US
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20090002865 | Zone Based Timing Recovery For Bit Patterned Media - A method includes: producing a bit detection signal in response to a plurality of islands located in a plurality of zones of a bit patterned media, processing the bit detection signal to produce a synchronization signal, wherein the processing is dependent on characteristics of the islands in the zone containing the plurality of islands, and using the synchronization signal to control timing of writing to the bit patterned media. The synchronization signal can also be used to control timing of reading from the bit patterned media. | 01-01-2009 |
Sundararajan Sankaranarayanan, Wexford, PA US
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20100027605 | OFF-TRACK AWARE EQUALIZER DESIGN FOR BIT-PATTERNED MEDIA - An equalizer employed in conjunction with bit-patterned media (BPM) is designed to take advantage of a common topology associated with BPM in which each data track is comprised of a plurality of sub-tracks. The equalizer-target filter pair is designed as multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) system, in which the readback signal is divided into readback signals associated with each sub-track. The MIMO equalizer takes into account differences in the channel response associated with each sub-track. A detector is configured to receive a plurality of equalized inputs provided by the MIMO equalizer, wherein the detector generates in response estimates of the user data stored on each of the plurality of sub-tracks. | 02-04-2010 |
20100211830 | Multi-input multi-output read-channel architecture for recording systems - In a particular embodiment, a storage device includes a data storage medium and a read/write circuit coupled the data storage medium via a communication channel. The read/write circuit includes a formatter circuit to receive a read back signal related to data stored on the data storage medium and to produce an output vector related to the read back signal. The read/write circuit further includes a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) equalizer coupled to the formatter circuit and adapted to generate an equalized output vector related to the output vector. The read/write circuit also includes a MIMO detector coupled to the MIMO equalizer and adapted to generate hard bit decisions based on the equalized output vector. | 08-19-2010 |
Sundararajan Sankaranarayanan, Fremont, CA US
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20140160590 | DETECTING TRACK INFORMATION FROM OVERLAPPING SIGNALS READ FROM A DATA STORAGE MEDIUM - Detecting track information involves receiving first and second overlapping track signals from first and second read elements that read first and second tracks from a data storage medium. Information of the first and second tracks is estimated using the respective first and second track signals. An improved information estimate of the first track is obtained using the first track signal and the estimated information of the second track, and an improved information estimate of the second track is obtained using the second track signal and the estimated information of the first track. First and second track data are decoded using the respective improved information estimates of the first and second tracks. | 06-12-2014 |
20150092489 | FLASH MEMORY REFERENCE VOLTAGE DETECTION WITH TRACKING OF CROSS-POINTS OF CELL VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTIONS USING HISTOGRAMS - Cross-points of flash memory cell voltage distributions are determined by reading data from a portion of the flash memory two or more times using two or more different candidate reference voltages and determining corresponding decision patterns. The frequency of occurrence of the decision patterns in the data read from the flash memory is used to conceptually construct a histogram. The histogram is used to estimate the cross-points. Employing decision patterns enables multiple cross-point voltages to be determined with a minimum of read operations. | 04-02-2015 |
20150127883 | REDUCTION OR ELIMINATION OF A LATENCY PENALTY ASSOCIATED WITH ADJUSTING READ THRESHOLDS FOR NON-VOLATILE MEMORY - Channel information and channel conditions that are determined by an Offline Tracking process are used to determine whether or not an adjustment to the read reference voltage can be avoided altogether without detrimentally affecting performance, or, alternatively, to determine a precision with which a read reference voltage adjustment should be made. If it is determined based on the channel conditions that a read reference voltage adjustment can be avoided altogether, read performance is improved by reducing the probability that a read reference voltage adjustment needs to be made during normal read operations. If it is determined based on the channel conditions that a read reference voltage adjustment needs to be made with a particular precision, the read reference voltage is adjusted with that precision. This latter approach is advantageous in that a determination that the precision with which the adjustments can be made is relatively low leads to fewer adjustments having to be made during normal read operations. | 05-07-2015 |
20150162057 | MULTIPLE RETRY READS IN A READ CHANNEL OF A MEMORY - An apparatus having a circuit and a decoder is disclosed. The circuit is configured to (i) adjust an initial one of a plurality of reference voltages in a read channel of a memory by shifting the initial reference voltage an amount toward a center of a window and (ii) read a codeword from the memory a number of times. The window bounds a sweep of the reference voltages. Each retry of the reads uses a respective reference voltage from a pattern of the reference voltages. The pattern is symmetrically spaced about the initial reference voltage. The pattern fits in the window. The decoder is configured to generate read data by performing an iterative decoding procedure on the codeword based on the reads. | 06-11-2015 |
20150199149 | FRAMEWORK FOR BALANCING ROBUSTNESS AND LATENCY DURING COLLECTION OF STATISTICS FROM SOFT READS - An apparatus includes a plurality of memory devices and a controller. The controller is coupled to the plurality of memory devices and configured to store data in the plurality of memory devices using units of super-blocks. Each super-block comprises a block from each of the plurality of memory devices and the controller balances time efficiency and robustness during collection of statistics from soft reads of each super-block. | 07-16-2015 |
20150243363 | ADJUSTING LOG LIKELIHOOD RATIO VALUES TO COMPENSATE MISPLACEMENT OF READ VOLTAGES - An apparatus having a circuit and an interface to a nonvolatile memory is disclosed. The circuit is configured to (i) perform one or more attempts of a soft-decision decode of data stored in the nonvolatile memory, where soft-decision decode uses a plurality of log likelihood ratio values stored in a table, (ii) generate one or more adjusted log likelihood ratio values by adding a constant value to one or more of the log likelihood ratio values in response to a failure to decode the data using the log likelihood ratio values and (iii) re-decode the data using the adjusted log likelihood ratio values. | 08-27-2015 |
20150355838 | ESTIMATING READ REFERENCE VOLTAGE BASED ON DISPARITY AND DERIVATIVE METRICS - An adaptive channel tracking algorithm performed by a flash memory system obtains disparity metrics and derivative metrics and uses a combination of the disparity and derivative metrics to estimate an optimal read reference voltage. The estimation of the optimal read reference voltage does not rely on assumptions about the underlying cell voltage distributions and results in a good estimate of the read reference voltage even if the standard deviations of the cell voltage distributions are different. In addition, the algorithm is relatively simple and less computationally intensive to perform than the known tracking algorithms. | 12-10-2015 |
Sundararajan Sankaranarayanan, San Jose, CA US
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20150149840 | Read Retry For Non-Volatile Memories - An apparatus for reading a non-volatile memory includes a tracking module operable to calculate means and variances of voltage level distributions in a non-volatile memory and to calculate at least one reference voltage to be used when reading the non-volatile memory based on the means and variances, a likelihood generator operable to calculate at least one other reference voltage to be used when reading the non-volatile memory, wherein the at least one other reference voltage is based at least in part on a predetermined likelihood value constellation, and to map read patterns from the non-volatile memory to likelihood values, and a read controller operable to read the non-volatile memory using the at least one reference voltage and the at least one other reference voltage to yield the read patterns. | 05-28-2015 |
20150236726 | Refresh, Run, Aggregate Decoder Recovery - A data processing system includes a likelihood input operable to receive encoded data, a decoder operable to apply a decoding algorithm to likelihood values for the received encoded data and to yield a decoded output, and a decoder input initialization circuit operable to generate new decoder input values based in part on the likelihood values for the received encoded data after the likelihood values for the received encoded data have failed to converge in the decoder. | 08-20-2015 |
Vidyaraman Sankaranarayanan, Redmond, WA US
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20130198618 | EDUCATING USERS AND ENFORCING DATA DISSEMINATION POLICIES - An authoring component determines the sensitivity of an authored document and generates a user interface conveying contextual educational information about data dissemination policies that apply to the document. The user interface also provides user input mechanisms that allow the user to provide inputs affect the enforcement of a given data dissemination policy on the document. | 08-01-2013 |
20130204609 | LANGUAGE INDEPENDENT PROBABILISTIC CONTENT MATCHING - Content is received and compared against rules for identifying a type of content. Each rule has both segmented and unsegmented patterns. The content is matched against the patterns and assigned a confidence score that is higher if the content matches a segmented pattern and lower if the content matches an unsegmented pattern. | 08-08-2013 |
20140020044 | UNIFORM POLICY FOR SECURITY AND INFORMATION PROTECTION - System and methods for the implementation and/or enforcement of an email policy for an organization's email system are presented. A Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policy may be implemented on top of the email system. In one embodiment, the DLP policy may comprise modules and/or processing that tests emails for such sensitive data within emails. If an email comprises such sensitive data, then the DLP policy directives may specify processing to be applied as part of each stage of mail processing, from authoring to mail processing on the server and delivery. A single policy may be authored and managed that will apply the policy directives uniformly across all aspects of the message lifecycle. Each of the message policy enforcement systems may evaluate the single policy definition and apply the policy directives in a manner consistent with the contextual evaluation of the policy. | 01-16-2014 |
20150026763 | EDUCATING USERS AND ENFORCING DATA DISSEMINATION POLICIES - An authoring component determines the sensitivity of an authored document and generates a user interface conveying contextual educational information about data dissemination policies that apply to the document. The user interface also provides user input mechanisms that allow the user to provide inputs affect the enforcement of a given data dissemination policy on the document. | 01-22-2015 |