Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100220599 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SENDING AND RECEIVING ETHERNET PHYSICAL-LAYER OAM OVERHEAD - A method and an apparatus for sending an Ethernet physical-layer OAM overhead, and a method and an apparatus for receiving an Ethernet physical-layer OAM overhead are disclosed herein. A method for sending an Ethernet physical-layer OAM overhead includes: adjusting the order of sending a payload block and part of Inter-Packet Gaps (IPGs) in a data stream to be transmitted; and when receiving a request for sending an OAM overhead, substituting the OAM overhead for the part of IPGs, and sending the OAM overhead before sending the payload block. Through the present invention, the order of sending IPGs and payload blocks in an MAC data stream can be adjusted, and the OAM overhead can be sent in time. | 09-02-2010 |
20110318001 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SENDING AND RECEIVING SERVICE DATA - In the field of communications technologies, a method and device for sending and receiving service data provided by embodiments of the present invention may be capable of solving the problem that a network system cannot bear a service of arbitrary rate. The method for sending service data includes: receiving at least one flexible data channel to which service data is adapted; searching for an address of a destination port corresponding to a source port of the at least one flexible data channel; scheduling the at least one flexible data channel to an Optical Channel Data Unit-k (ODUk) frame in the corresponding destination port respectively according to channel indication information corresponding to the at least one flexible data channel; and forwarding the ODUk frame to the destination address through an Optical Transport Network (OTN) line after completing construction of the ODUk frame. The embodiments of the present application are applicable to optical network communications. | 12-29-2011 |
20140355614 | DATA INTERACTION METHOD, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEM - A data interaction method is provided, which includes: sending simultaneously an address detection request for a UDP channel and an address detection request for a TCP channel; and when both address detection for the UDP channel and address detection for the TCP channel fail, sending an address detection request for an HTTP channel; when detection of at least one channel succeeds, collecting two types of addresses corresponding to each channel in the at least one channel; performing address exchange and address matching with a peer client host; and performing channel connectivity detection based on matched addresses, and selecting a channel with a highest priority from channels on which connectivity detection is successful for data interaction with the peer client host. Therefore, efficiency of traversing a NAT host during address detection is improved. | 12-04-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100151285 | ANODE REACTIVE BLEED AND INJECTOR SHIFT CONTROL STRATEGY - A system and method for correcting a large fuel cell voltage spread for a split sub-stack fuel cell system. The system includes a hydrogen source that provides hydrogen to each split sub-stack and bleed valves for bleeding the anode side of the sub-stacks. The system also includes a voltage measuring device for measuring the voltage of each cell in the split sub-stacks. The system provides two levels for correcting a large stack voltage spread problem. The first level includes sending fresh hydrogen to the weak sub-stack well before a normal reactive bleed would occur, and the second level includes sending fresh hydrogen to the weak sub-stack and opening the bleed valve of the other sub-stack when the cell voltage spread is close to stack failure. | 06-17-2010 |
20110244348 | FEEDBACK CONTROL OF H2 INJECTION DURING PARK BASED ON GAS CONCENTRATION MODEL - A method for determining when to inject hydrogen gas into the anode side of a fuel cell stack associated with a fuel cell vehicle when the vehicle is off. The method includes estimating the concentration of hydrogen gas in the anode side of the fuel cell stack using a gas concentration model and determining if the estimated concentration of hydrogen gas is below a first predetermined threshold. If the estimated hydrogen gas is less than the threshold, then hydrogen gas is injected into the anode side from a hydrogen source. While the hydrogen gas is being injected, the method compares the estimated concentration of the hydrogen gas in the anode side to a desired concentration, and generates an error signal there between. If the error signal is greater than a second predetermined threshold, the algorithm continues to inject the hydrogen into the anode side of the fuel cell stack. | 10-06-2011 |
20110262822 | CONTROLS GIVING -25.degree. C FREEZE START CAPABILITY TO A FUEL CELL SYSTEM - A method for shutting down a fuel cell system including operating a fuel cell stack. the method includes providing an increased cathode air flow so as to dry fuel cell membranes in the stack until a first desired level of high frequency resistance is achieved, rehydrating the cell membranes of the stack until a second desired level of high frequency resistance is achieved, and operating the stack with a decreased cathode input relative humidity until a third desired level of high frequency resistance is achieved. | 10-27-2011 |
20120255366 | METHOD TO DETECT GROSS LOSS IN COOLANT BASED ON CURRENT FEEDBACK FROM THE HIGH TEMPERATURE PUMP - A system and method for determining a loss of cooling fluid from a thermal sub-system in a fuel cell system. The method includes monitoring current feedback from a high temperature pump that pumps the cooling fluid through a coolant loop. A measured current from the pump is compared to an expected current for the system operating conditions, and if that current is significantly less than what is expected, then it may be as a result of low cooling fluid. If the measured current is less than the expected current for a predetermined period of time, then the system can take mitigating action as a result of a low cooling fluid. Further, if the pump speed is too low to provide an accurate current measurement, then it can be increased if an overflow tank level sensor indicates a low cooling fluid level. | 10-11-2012 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080292918 | Electrochemical system having multiple independent circuits - The present teachings relate to an electrochemical system including an electrochemical device and multiple independent circuits which permit independent control of the reaction rates at different sections of the electrochemical device. The electrochemical device can be a fuel cell or an electrolyzer, and can include a common electrode in electrical communication with two or more independent circuits. The present teachings also relate to operating methods of the electrochemical system described. | 11-27-2008 |
20090023050 | Internal reforming solid oxide fuel cells - The present teachings relate to solid oxide fuel cells with internal reforming capability. The solid oxide fuel cell generally includes a cathode, an electrolyte, an anode, and a catalyst layer in contact with the anode. The catalyst layer can include a support membrane and a reforming catalyst layer associated with the support membrane. In some embodiments, the reforming catalyst can include one or more partial oxidation reforming catalysts. The present teachings also provide methods of making and operating the solid oxide fuel cells described above. | 01-22-2009 |
20090239030 | CEMENT TO MAKE THERMAL SHOCK RESISTANT CERAMIC HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES AND METHOD TO MAKE THEM - A ceramic honeycomb structure comprised of at least two separate smaller ceramic honeycombs that have been adhered together by a cement comprised of inorganic fibers and a binding phase wherein the smaller honeycombs and fibers are bonded together by the binding phase which is comprised of an amorphous silicate, aluminate or alumino-silicate glass and the cement has at most about 5% by volume of other inorganic particles. The cement may be made in the absence of other inorganic and organic additives while achieving a shear thinning cement, for example, by mixing oppositely charged inorganic binders in water together so as to make a useful cement for applying to the smaller honeycombs to be cemented. | 09-24-2009 |
20110143242 | Electrochemical System Having Multiple Independent Circuits - The present teachings relate to an electrochemical system including an electrochemical device and multiple independent circuits which permit independent control of the reaction rates at different sections of the electrochemical device. The electrochemical device can be a fuel cell or an electrolyzer, and can include a common electrode in electrical communication with two or more independent circuits. The present teachings also relate to operating methods of the electrochemical system described. | 06-16-2011 |
20120100336 | CERAMIC HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE WITH APPLIED INORGANIC SKIN - A skin is applied to a ceramic honeycomb. The skin is formed by applying a skin-forming composition and drying it. The skin-forming composition includes a carrier liquid, colloidal silica and/or colloidal alumina, and an inorganic filler. The filler includes an inorganic fiber. The filler may contain low aspect ratio particles that have the same or nearly the same CTE as the inorganic fiber. The filler may include a small proportion of a low aspect ratio filler particle that has a different CTE than the inorganic fiber. | 04-26-2012 |
20120110965 | CEMENT CONTAINING MULTI-MODAL FIBERS FOR MAKING THERMAL SHOCK RESISTANT CERAMIC HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES - A ceramic honeycomb structure comprised of at least two separate smaller ceramic honeycombs that have been adhered together by a cement comprised of inorganic fibers and a binding phase wherein the smaller honey-combs and fibers are bonded together by the binding phase which is comprised of an silicate, aluminate or alumino-silicate. The fibers have a multi-modal size distribution in which some fibers have lengths of up to 1000 micons and other fibers have lengths in excess of 1 mm. The cement composition may be made in the absence of other inorganic and organic additives while achieving a shear thinning cement, for example, by mixing oppositely charged inorganic binders in water together so as to make a useful cement composition for applying to the smaller honeycombs to be cemented. | 05-10-2012 |
20120263914 | METHOD OF MAKING POLYMERIC BARRIER COATING TO MITIGATE BINDER MIGRATION IN A DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTER TO REDUCE FILTER PRESSURE DROP AND TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS - Ceramic honeycomb structures and methods to make the same are disclosed. The structures may be comprised of at least two separate smaller ceramic honeycombs that have been coated with a polymer to create a polymeric barrier coating and adhered together with a cement comprised of inorganic fibers and a binding phase which is comprised of amorphous silicate, aluminite or alumino silicate glass and other inorganic particles. The polymer is selected such that it is penetratable into or covering the pores in the honeycomb structure to form a thin barrier layer thereon to mitigate migration of the inorganic fibers, binding phase and water into the pores. The polymer is adapted to be burned off or decomposed at or below cement and honeycomb skin firing temperatures, or at or below honeycomb operating temperatures during application to create a honeycomb structure that, when formed into an exhaust filter, does not have any undesired pressure drop increase due to cement migration. | 10-18-2012 |
20130048188 | CEMENT TO MAKE THERMAL SHOCK RESISTANT CERAMIC HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES AND METHOD TO MAKE THEM - A ceramic honeycomb structure comprised of at least two separate smaller ceramic honeycombs that have been adhered together by a cement comprised of inorganic fibers and a binding phase wherein the smaller honeycombs and fibers are bonded together by the binding phase which is comprised of an amorphous silicate, aluminate or alumino-silicate glass and the cement has at most about 5% by volume of other inorganic particles. The cement may be made in the absence of other inorganic and organic additives while achieving a shear thinning cement, for example, by mixing oppositely charged inorganic binders in water together so as to make a useful cement for applying to the smaller honeycombs to be cemented. | 02-28-2013 |
20130149440 | METHOD FOR APPLYING DISCRIMINATING LAYER ONTO POROUS CERAMIC FILTERS VIA GAS-BORNE PREFABRICATED POROUS ASSEMBLIES - A porous discriminating layer is formed on a ceramic support having at least one porous wall by (a) establishing a flow of a gas stream containing highly porous particles through the support to deposit a layer of the highly porous particles of a ceramic or ceramic precursor onto wall(s) of the support and (b) calcining said deposited layer to form the discriminating layer. This method is an inexpensive and effective route to forming a discriminating layer onto the porous wall. | 06-13-2013 |
20130149458 | METHOD FOR APPLYING DISCRIMINATING LAYER ONTO POROUS CERAMIC FILTERS - A porous discriminating layer is formed on a ceramic support having at least one porous wall by (a) establishing a flow of a gas stream containing agglomerates of particles and (b) calcining said deposited layer to form the discriminating layer. At least a portion of the particles are of a sinter-resistant material or a sinter-resistant material precursor. The particles have a size from 0.01 to 5 microns and the agglomerates have a size of from 10 to 200 microns. This method is an inexpensive and effective route to forming a discriminating layer onto the porous wall. | 06-13-2013 |
20140127412 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CEMENTED AND SKINNED CERAMIC HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES - Organic polymer particles are provided in a cement composition that is used to apply a skin to a ceramic honeycomb, or to bond the ceramic honeycomb to another honeycomb or another material. The presence of the organic polymer particles reduces the penetration of the cement composition through porous walls of the honeycomb. In this way, less blocking of the honeycomb cells is seen, and the reduction in thermal shock performance that is often seen when cement compositions are applied to ceramic honey combs is reduced. | 05-08-2014 |
20140199482 | CEMENT AND SKINNING MATERIAL FOR CERAMIC HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES - Skins and/or adhesive layers are formed on a porous ceramic honeycomb by applying a layer of a cement composition to a surface of the honeycomb and firing the cement composition. The cement composition contains inorganic filler particles, a carrier fluid and a clay material rather than the colloidal alumina and/or silica materials that are conventionally used in such cements. The cement compositions resist permeation into the porous walls of the ceramic honeycomb. As a result, lower temperature gradients are seen in the honeycomb structure during rapid temperature changes, which results in an increased thermal shock resistance. | 07-17-2014 |
20150040763 | AXIALLY SECTIONED CERAMIC HONEYCOMB ASSEMBLIES - Ceramic honeycomb assemblies are made from ceramic honeycomb sections arranged sequentially in an axial direction. The plugging patterns of the cells in the various sections are varied so that a portion of a fluid entering the assemblies can pass through upstream section(s) of the assembly without being filtered. One or more downstream sections capture particulate matter that has passed through the upstream sections without being filtered. This design reduces “ring-off” cracking, and high filtration capacity, with little increase in pressure drop during operation. | 02-12-2015 |
20150225302 | IMPROVED POROUS BODIES COMPRISED OF MULLITE AND METHODS OF FORMING THEM - A porous ceramic body useful for making particulate filters is comprised of acicular mullite grains bound together by a ceramic grain boundary phase, wherein said porous acicular mullite body has a bulk carbon content from 0.005% to 10% by weight of the body. The porous body may be made by forming a mixture of mullite precursors (e.g., alumina and silica) and a compound that is inorganic carbon (graphitic or amorphous), inorganic compound that contains carbon (e.g., metal carbide) or an organic compound that decomposes to form inorganic carbon or an inorganic compound that contains carbon and heating in an atmosphere containing fluorine to form the acicular mullite body and removing the fluorine. | 08-13-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110200323 | INFORMATION TRANSFER AND RECEIVING METHOD, SYSTEM, AND DEVICE - The information transfer method includes: determining an indicator of a start bit in a protection time slot or a preamble time slot of a laser, and establishing a communication channel according to the indicator of the start bit; inserting Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM) information of a Long Reach-Passive Optical Network (LR-PON) device into an upstream frame sent to an Optical Line Terminal (OLT) device by the LR-PON device at a position indicated by the indicator of the start bit, and transporting the upstream frame to the OLT device through the communication channel. Therefore, OAM functions of the LR-PON device are extended, so that the OAM information can be transported by the LR-PON device independently, and OAM characteristics of the LR-PON device are enhanced. For example, PON protection is better supported, and the speed and success ratio of protection switching of a PON system are increased. | 08-18-2011 |
20130235734 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SENDING AND RECEIVING ETHERNET PHYSICAL-LAYER OAM OVERHEAD - A method and an apparatus for sending an Ethernet physical-layer OAM overhead, and a method and an apparatus for receiving an Ethernet physical-layer OAM overhead are disclosed herein. A method for sending an Ethernet physical-layer OAM overhead includes: adjusting the order of sending a payload block and part of Inter-Packet Gaps (IPGs) in a data stream to be transmitted; and when receiving a request for sending an OAM overhead, substituting the OAM overhead for the part of IPGs, and sending the OAM overhead before sending the payload block. Through the present invention, the order of sending IPGs and payload blocks in an MAC data stream can be adjusted, and the OAM overhead can be sent in time. | 09-12-2013 |
20140010547 | ACTIVE OPTICAL ANTENNA, MICROWAVE TRANSMITTING SYSTEM AND INFORMATION SENDING METHOD - Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose an active optical antenna, a microwave transmitting system and an information sending method. The active optical antenna includes: a substrate; a ground disposed at the bottom of the substrate; a power supply grid and several antenna units that are disposed at the top of the substrate, and photodetector tubes that are disposed in the substrate and located between the antenna units and the ground, where the power supply grid supplies power to the photodetector tubes, the number of the photodetector tubes is equal to the number of the antenna units, and output ends of the photodetector tubes are coupled with the antenna units to output radio frequency signals; and optical waveguides which are disposed in the substrate and connected to the photodetector tubes. | 01-09-2014 |