Murali, US
Amith Kumar Murali, Fremont, CA US
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20130217176 | Closed-Space Annealing of Chalcogenide Thin-Films with Volatile Species - In one embodiment, a method includes depositing a chalcogenide precursor layer onto a substrate, introducing a cover into proximity with the precursor layer, and annealing the precursor layer in proximity with of the cover, where the annealing is performed in a constrained volume, and where the presence of the cover reduces decomposition of volatile species from the precursor layer during annealing. | 08-22-2013 |
20130217214 | Closed-Space Annealing Process for Production of CIGS Thin-Films - In one embodiment, a method includes depositing a CIGS precursor layer onto a substrate, introducing a source-material layer into proximity with the precursor layer, where the source-material layer includes one or more of Cu, In, or Ga, and one or more of S or Se, and annealing the precursor layer in proximity with of the source-material layer, where the annealing is performed in a constrained volume, and where the presence of the source-material layer reduces decomposition of volatile species from the precursor layer during annealing. | 08-22-2013 |
20130276888 | Reverse Stack Structures for Thin-Film Photovoltaic Cells - In one embodiment, a method includes depositing a photoactive layer onto a first substrate, depositing a contact layer onto the photoactive layer, attaching a second substrate onto the contact layer, and removing the first substrate from the photoactive layer, contact layer, and second substrate. | 10-24-2013 |
20150340515 | REVERSE STACK STRUCTURES FOR THIN-FILM PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS - In one embodiment, a method includes depositing a photoactive layer onto a first substrate, depositing a contact layer onto the photoactive layer, attaching a second substrate onto the contact layer, and removing the first substrate from the photoactive layer, contact layer, and second substrate. | 11-26-2015 |
Arun Murali, State College, PA US
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20080300821 | SMART TETHER SYSTEM FOR UNDERWATER NAVIGATION AND CABLE SHAPE MEASUREMENT - A position sensing system including a flexible tether and at least one sensor at least partially embedded within a portion of the flexible tether is disclosed. The sensor may be adapted to detect a sensor position factor. The system also includes a communication device adapted to transmit the sensor position factor from the sensor, and a signal processor adapted to receive the sensor position factor. The signal processor is also adapted to calculate at least one of the shape or orientation of the flexible tether from the sensor position factor. The sensor position factor may be relative orientation, relative depth, relative pressure, presence of a magnetic field, presence of an electric field, acceleration, or relative rate of rotation. The system may also include a probe connected to the flexible tether, and the signal processor may calculate the orientation of the probe from the sensor position factor. | 12-04-2008 |
Ashwath Murali, New York, NY US
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20160125337 | TRANSACTION DERIVED IN-BUSINESS PROBABILITY MODELING APPARATUS AND METHOD - A system, method, and computer-readable storage medium configured to process, analyze, and model of large amounts of data resulting in improved functionality over a generic computer. | 05-05-2016 |
Ashwin Dwarakaesh Murali, Greensburg, PA US
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20130216320 | TOOL HOLDER WITH NUBS FOR CLAMPING A CUTTING INSERT WITH NOTCHES - A tool holder includes a tool holder body with an insert-receiving pocket and a clamp for clamping a cutting insert. The clamp includes a pair of downwardly extending nubs that engage a pair of notches in the cutting insert when the clamp is brought into pressing engagement with the insert, thereby securely clamping the cutting insert in the insert-receiving pocket of the tool holder. | 08-22-2013 |
20140178137 | TOOL HOLDER WITH NUBS FOR CLAMPING A CUTTING INSERT WITH NOTCHES - A tool holder includes a tool holder body with an insert-receiving pocket and a clamp for clamping a cutting insert. The clamp includes a pair of downwardly extending nubs that engage a pair of notches in the cutting insert when the clamp is brought into pressing engagement with the insert, thereby securely clamping the cutting insert in the insert-receiving pocket of the tool holder. | 06-26-2014 |
Beddhu Murali, Petal, MS US
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20080317375 | Apparatus and methods for image restoration - The present invention relates to an apparatus and methods for performing image restoration. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus and methods which are capable of quickly restoring various sizes of selected areas of an image. In one embodiment, a user may select or mark a target region in an image which is to be restored. A source window may then be generated and a pixel from within the target region may be selected for restoration. The intensity distribution of pixels surrounding the selected pixel may be compared with other pixels in the image and a pixel to be used for restoration of the selected pixel may be chosen based on the comparison of the intensity distributions. Once a pixel is chosen for restoration, the selected pixel and its surrounding pixels may be restored using the intensity distribution of the chosen pixel and its surrounding pixels. The method may continue in this manner until all pixels within the target region have been restored. | 12-25-2008 |
20100007720 | Method for front matching stereo vision - The present invention provides a method, system, and apparatus for solving the stereo vision matching problem. The invention implements a method for solving image correspondence problems so that each front region between consecutive extremal pixels in one image is matched to a corresponding front region between consecutive extremal pixels in another image. | 01-14-2010 |
Beegamudre N. Murali, Houston, TX US
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20090127179 | Fluid Separator With Smart Surface - A separating system for separating a fluid mixture incorporates a smart surface having reversibly switchable properties. A voltage is selectively applied to the smart surface to attract or repel constituents of a fluid mixture, such as oil and water produced from a hydrocarbon well. The smart surface can be used in a conditioner to increase droplet size prior to entering a conventional separator, or the smart surface and other elements of the invention can be incorporated into an otherwise conventional separator to enhance separation. In a related aspect, a concentration sensor incorporating smart surfaces senses concentration of the fluid mixture's constituents. | 05-21-2009 |
20120187030 | Fluid Separator with Smart Surface - A separating system for separating a fluid mixture incorporates a smart surface having reversibly switchable properties. A voltage is selectively applied to the smart surface to attract or repel constituents of a fluid mixture, such as oil and water produced from a hydrocarbon well. The smart surface can be used in a conditioner to increase droplet size prior to entering a conventional separator, or the smart surface and other elements of the invention can be incorporated into an otherwise conventional separator to enhance separation. In a related aspect, a concentration sensor incorporating smart surfaces senses concentration of the fluid mixture's constituents. | 07-26-2012 |
Beegamudre N. Murali, Katy, TX US
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20090308616 | Method and Apparatus for a Monodiameter Wellbore, Monodiameter Casing, Monobore, and/or Monowell - An assembly and methods for constructing a MONOWELL include a monodiameter casing disposed in a monodiameter wellbore having diametric efficiency with a monobore production delivery system disposed within the monodiameter casing. An assembly for constructing a monodiameter wellbore includes a bottomhole assembly having a overgauge hole drilling member, a directional steering assembly, a measurement while drilling tool, and a logging while drilling tool; a work string attached to the bottomhole assembly and extending to the surface; drilling fluids flowing through the work string and bottomhole assembly; chemical casing casing the borehole; expandable casing disposed in the wellbore; and a sealing composition disposed between the expandable casing and the wellbore. | 12-17-2009 |
Chigurupati Murali, New York, NY US
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20090240686 | Thread-based web browsing history - A method and system for cataloguing browsing activity into separate browsing threads. Each browsing thread is an archived set of links that were considered during a specific time-period. The user is also provided with the ability to add metadata to a browsing history. The invention permits the user to reload an archived thread and resume any browsing from the point at which the thread was paused or suspended. In addition, the method and system provides cataloguing of the user browsing activity into separate threads with the ability to add metadata to threads or the individual entries within a thread. The threads may also be archived by date and time and indexed by keyword such that saved threads may be located, resumed, reviewed, and amended at a later point in time, including by other users, if desired. | 09-24-2009 |
Giridhar Murali, Sunnyvale, CA US
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20130342671 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TRACKING HUMAN HANDS USING PARTS BASED TEMPLATE MATCHING WITHIN BOUNDED REGIONS - Systems and methods for tracking human hands using parts based template matching within bounded regions are described. One embodiment of the invention includes a processor; an image capture system configured to capture multiple images of a scene; and memory containing a plurality of templates that are rotated and scaled versions of a finger template. A hand tracking application configures the processor to: obtain a reference frame of video data and an alternate frame of video data from the image capture system; identify corresponding pixels within the reference and alternate frames of video data; identify at least one bounded region within the reference frame of video data containing pixels having corresponding pixels in the alternate frame of video data satisfying a predetermined criterion; and detect at least one candidate finger within the at least one bounded region in the reference frame of video data. | 12-26-2013 |
20130343610 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TRACKING HUMAN HANDS BY PERFORMING PARTS BASED TEMPLATE MATCHING USING IMAGES FROM MULTIPLE VIEWPOINTS - Systems and methods for tracking human hands by performing parts based template matching using images captured from multiple viewpoints are described. One embodiment includes a processor, a reference camera, an alternate view camera, and memory containing: a hand tracking application; and a plurality of edge feature templates that are rotated and scaled versions of a finger template that includes an edge features template. In addition, the hand tracking application configures the processor to: detect at least one candidate finger in a reference frame, where each candidate finger is a grouping of pixels identified by searching the reference frame for a grouping of pixels that have image gradient orientations that match one of the plurality of edge feature templates; and verify the correct detection of a candidate finger in the reference frame by locating a grouping of pixels in an alternate view frame that correspond to the candidate finger. | 12-26-2013 |
20140119599 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TRACKING HUMAN HANDS USING PARTS BASED TEMPLATE MATCHING WITHIN BOUNDED REGIONS - Systems and methods for tracking human hands using parts based template matching within bounded regions are described. One embodiment of the invention includes a processor; an image capture system configured to capture multiple images of a scene; and memory containing a plurality of templates that are rotated and scaled versions of a finger template. A hand tracking application configures the processor to: obtain a reference frame of video data and an alternate frame of video data from the image capture system; identify corresponding pixels within the reference and alternate frames of video data; identify at least one bounded region within the reference frame of video data containing pixels having corresponding pixels in the alternate frame of video data satisfying a predetermined criterion; and detect at least one candidate finger within the at least one bounded region in the reference frame of video data. | 05-01-2014 |
20150316996 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REMAPPING THREE-DIMENSIONAL GESTURES ONTO A FINITE-SIZE TWO-DIMENSIONAL SURFACE - A method for operating a real-time gesture based interactive system includes: obtaining a sequence of frames of data from an acquisition system; comparing successive frames of the data for portions that change between frames; determining whether any of the portions that changed are part of an interaction medium detected in the sequence of frames of data; defining a 3D interaction zone relative to an initial position of the part of the interaction medium detected in the sequence of frames of data; tracking a movement of the interaction medium to generate a plurality of 3D positions of the interaction medium; detecting movement of the interaction medium from inside to outside the 3D interaction zone at a boundary 3D position; shifting the 3D interaction zone relative to the boundary 3D position; computing a plurality of 2D positions based on the 3D positions; and supplying the 2D positions to control an application. | 11-05-2015 |
Kannan Murali, Fremont, CA US
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20130250035 | ANALYTIC RECORDING OF CONFERENCE SESSIONS - A conference server is configured to receive audio signals associated with active speakers at separate conference endpoints, and to mix the audio signals to form a mixed audio signal. The conference server is further configured to record a mixed audio track comprising the mixed audio signal, and to determine a relative loudness of each of the active speakers for given periods of time. The conference server is also configured to record a plurality of original audio tracks that each comprises the original voice of one or more of the active speakers before mixing, wherein the original voice recorded in each of the tracks at the given periods of time is based on the relative loudness of the active speakers. | 09-26-2013 |
Karthik Murali, Los Angeles, CA US
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20150273197 | IMPLANTABLE OXYGENATOR WITH SELF-CONTAINED ELECTROLYTE - An implantable oxygenator may have a configuration that is suitable for implantation within a human body be implanted within a human body, such as within a human eye. The implantable oxygenator may include an electrolyte reservoir having a configuration suitable for storing electrolyte and an electrolysis system having a configuration that performs electrolysis on a portion of the electrolyte, thereby producing oxygen in the region of the electrolysis system. | 10-01-2015 |
20150366707 | SMALL MOLECULE TRANSPORT DEVICE FOR DRUG DELIVERY OR WASTE REMOVAL - A medical device having a permeable bag connected by a non-permeable cannula to a discharge sac is described along with a manufacturing process and surgical implantation method. The permeable portions of the device have pores that are sized to be permeable to a predetermined class of small molecules, such as oxygen, nitrous oxide, or other therapeutic agents. Once absorbed inside the device, the small molecules are then passively transported, by a concentration gradient of the small molecules, to the discharge sac to be disbursed. A metal tube or other strip can be included in the cannula to assist a surgeon in orienting the device within the body. | 12-24-2015 |
Kodialam Murali, Marlboro, NJ US
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20140294392 | HIGH-THROUGHPUT ROUTING IN AN OPTICAL NETWORK HAVING A MESH TOPOLOGY - An optical routing scheme in which an optical network having a mesh topology is configured to route optical packets through an optical routing layout superimposable with the mesh topology, but having a star-like topology. Using this routing layout, the optical network can be configured to transport optical packets from respective ingress nodes, through the hub node located at the star center, to respective egress nodes in a manner that enables a data throughput that approaches the theoretical capacity. No special hardware is required for implementing the hub functionality, and any node of the optical network can be configured to serve as the hub node. The latter feature enables relatively straightforward optimization of the optical routing layout and transmission schedule, e.g., by changing the identity of the hub node and adjusting the transmission schedule at the ingress nodes to synchronize packet arrivals to the hub node. | 10-02-2014 |
Krishnamurthy Murali, Gainesville, FL US
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20100219858 | LOGIC BASED ON THE EVOLUTION OF NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS - A logic gate implements logical expressions. A least one logic gate input receives at least one input logic gate signal and at least one control signal. At least one output for produces a logic gate output signal. A nonlinear updater operates as a dynamically configurable element to produce a plurality of different logic gates as selected by the control signal. The nonlinear updater includes a nonlinear updater output. The nonlinear updater is configured to apply a nonlinear function to the input logic gate signal to produce the nonlinear updater output signal representing a logical expression being implemented by one of the plurality of different logic gates on the input logic gate signal. A comparator includes a comparator input that is adapted to receive a reference threshold value for producing the logical gate output signal based on a comparison of the nonlinear output signal to the reference threshold value. | 09-02-2010 |
20100219862 | RECONFIGURABLE AND RELIABLE LOGIC CIRCUIT ELEMENTS THAT EXPLOIT NONLINEARITY AND NOISE - A logic gate is adapted to implement logical expressions. The logic gate includes at least one input that is adapted to receive an input signal and at least one control signal. At least one of the input signal and the control signal is a noise signal. At least one output is adapted to produce an output signal. A nonlinear updater operates as a dynamically configurable element and produces multiple different logic gates as selected by the control signal based at least in part on the noise signal. The nonlinear updater is electrically coupled to the input and is also electrically coupled to the output. The nonlinear updates is configured to apply a nonlinear function to the input signal in response to the control signal to produce the output signal representing a logical expression being implemented by one of the multiple different logic gates on the input signal. | 09-02-2010 |
20110062986 | LOGIC BASED ON THE EVOLUTION OF NONLINEAR DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS - A logic gate implements logical expressions. A least one logic gate input receives at least one input logic gate signal and at least one control signal. At least one output for produces a logic gate output signal. A nonlinear updater operates as a dynamically configurable element to produce a plurality of different logic gates as selected by the control signal. The nonlinear updater includes a nonlinear updater output. The nonlinear updater is configured to apply a nonlinear function to the input logic gate signal to produce the nonlinear updater output signal representing a logical expression being implemented by one of the plurality of different logic gates on the input logic gate signal. A comparator includes a comparator input that is adapted to receive a reference threshold value for producing the logical gate output signal based on a comparison of the nonlinear output signal to the reference threshold value. | 03-17-2011 |
Kulathungam Murali, Herndon, VA US
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20130254079 | System and Method to Consolidate and Update A User's Financial Account Information - Computer software, systems and methods preventing automatic deductions/credits to a User's financial account from being interrupted when a User changes the account. A User inputs information for one or more of their financial accounts into a record stored on a server database that is accessible from the User's electronic communications device. When the User changes information within the System database for one of their financial accounts, the System will automatically or periodically perform updates of the information on a Third Party database; or the Third Party server will request the updated information, wherein the Third Party is authorized to electronically debit or credit the account. Therefore, the User is not required to individually contact each Third Party with their updated account information, such as for monthly membership deductions, direct deposit of paychecks and retirement account contributions, and stored credit cards for online shopping. | 09-26-2013 |
Mahesh Murali, Washington, DC US
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20150161558 | MEDICATION TRACKING - A system and method is described for printing a label with an RFID tag. The system includes an RFID reader that queries a first RFID tag coupled to a first medicinal container that includes a medication. In response, the system receives a first unique identifier and uses the first unique identifier to determine a status of the medication, associate the first medicinal container with a medical provider and print a second label that includes a second RFID tag for a second medicinal container. | 06-11-2015 |
Pavankumar Murali, Haverstraw, NY US
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20130222158 | ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE WITH CHARGING STATIONS OPTIMUMALLY SITED - A system, method and program product for siting charging stations. A mobility detection module collects traffic data from vehicle sensors distributed in an area. A map matching module maps detected traffic in the area. A vehicle flow module temporally characterizes mapped traffic flow. An electric vehicle (EV) requirements (EVR) evaluator determines an optimal number of charging stations and respective locations for siting the charging stations. | 08-29-2013 |
20130304363 | IDENTIFYING PURPOSE-BASED ORIGIN-DESTINATION USING CALL DETAILED RECORDS - Access is obtained to call data records (or other data) for a plurality of mobile telephony users. The call data records (or other data) include location-time sequences. For each of the mobile telephony users, corresponding ones of the location-time sequences are segmented into trips; a home-work-school classification model is used to determine a home location and a work-school location, based on the trips; and a trip purpose classification model is used to assign each of the trips a purpose label, based at least on comparing at least one of a start location and an end location for each one of the trips to at least one of the home location and the work-school location determined using the home-work-school classification model. The trips are aggregated into purpose based origin-destination categories based at least on the purpose labels, time ranges of the location-time sequences, and the start and end locations. | 11-14-2013 |
20150032516 | MANAGING ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING STATION USAGE - A system, method and program product for managing charging station usage. After receiving a request for charging capacity in electric vehicle (EV) charging spaces, e.g., located in commercial parking lots, if it can be fulfilled the request is accepted. Each accepted request is matched with available EV charging spaces. A scheduling unit schedules charging for each request to a matched EV charging space when a charging price is predetermined. Otherwise, if a charging price is not previously determined, a pricing unit sets a permit price and schedules charging for the match. | 01-29-2015 |
20150066596 | BEHAVIOR PRICING ANALYTICS - A method for systematically determining a pricing strategy based on one or more of a business insight, a price perception model and a surprise model. | 03-05-2015 |
20150081424 | ITEM BUNDLE DETERMINATION USING TRANSACTION DATA - A method includes obtaining transaction data for two or more items, determining valuations for the two or more items, grouping the two or more items into one or more bundles, wherein each bundle comprises a different combination of the two or more items, estimating a joint distribution of valuations for the two or more items in each of the one or more bundles based on the transaction data for the two or more items, and estimating expected profits for each of the one or more bundles over a range of bundle prices from the joint distribution. | 03-19-2015 |
20150242872 | MANAGING MARKETING IMPRESSIONS WITH CONSUMER REWARDS - A method, apparatus, and computer program product for managing marketing impressions. An apparatus identifies utility of a seller and utility of a user. The apparatus generates an offer of a reward based on the utility of the seller and the utility of the user. The offer of the reward is for performing a social marketing task. The social marketing task is for generating a first number of marketing impressions to achieve a set of objectives of the seller. The apparatus activates the reward for the user when the social marketing task is completed. The social marketing task is completed when the apparatus determines that the user has accepted the offer and the performing of the social marketing task has generated the first number of marketing impressions. | 08-27-2015 |
20150262206 | ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE WITH CHARGING STATIONS OPTIMUMALLY SITED - A system, method and program product for siting charging stations. A mobility detection module collects traffic data from vehicle sensors distributed in an area. A map matching module maps detected traffic in the area. A vehicle flow module temporally characterizes mapped traffic flow. An electric vehicle (EV) requirements (EVR) evaluator determines an optimal number of charging stations and respective locations for siting the charging stations. | 09-17-2015 |
Pavankumar Murali, Elmsford, NY US
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20160085754 | ROBUST SELECTION OF CANDIDATES - Selecting candidates from a set of candidates by receiving a set of input parameters about a single aspect of the candidates and applying multiple scoring methods to those input parameters to compute a candidate score via each scoring method. A subset of zero or more candidates is then selected from the set of candidates by applying one or more selection criteria to the set of scores. There is not necessarily a value for every input parameter of every candidate. | 03-24-2016 |
Pratik Murali, Sunnyvale, CA US
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20150134618 | Techniques for Policy-Based Data Protection Services - Examples are disclosed for a data protection service available to a tenant having access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that may be included in a cloud computing network. In some examples, the tenant may be able to view backups and/or recover backed up data based on the one or more policies for the data protection service. The one or more policies may be generic to an application, a system or a configuration for the tenant to access and/or utilize the shared pool of configurable computing resources. Other examples are described and claimed. | 05-14-2015 |
Raghunath Murali, Mableton, GA US
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20110127638 | COMPLEMENTARY DOPING METHODS AND DEVICES FABRICATED THEREFROM - Improved complementary doping methods are described herein. The complementary doping methods generally involve inducing a first and second chemical reaction in at least a first and second portion, respectively, of a dopant source, which has been disposed on a thin film of a semiconductor or semimetal material. The chemical reactions result in the introduction of an n-type dopant, a p-type dopant, or both from the dopant source to each of the first and second portions of the thin film of the semiconductor or semimetal. Ultimately, the methods produce at least one n-type and at least one p-type region in the thin film of the semiconductor or semimetal. | 06-02-2011 |
Ramaaswamy Murali, San Diego, CA US
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20090279471 | LOCAL AND WIDE-AREA TRANSMISSIONS IN A WIRELESS BROADCAST NETWORK - To broadcast different types of transmission having different tiers of coverage in a wireless broadcast network, each base station processes data for a wide-area transmission in accordance with a first mode (or coding and modulation scheme) to generate data symbols for the wide-area transmission and processes data for a local transmission in accordance with a second mode to generate data symbols for the local transmission. The first and second modes are selected based on the desired coverage for wide-area and local transmissions, respectively. The base station also generates pilots and overhead information for local and wide-area transmissions. The data, pilots, and overhead information for local and wide-area transmissions are multiplexed onto their transmission spans, which may be different sets of frequency subbands, different time segments, or different groups of subbands in different time segments. More than two different types of transmission may also be multiplexed and broadcast. | 11-12-2009 |
Ramaswamy Murali, San Diego, CA US
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20080291860 | MULTIPLEXING AND TRANSMISSION OF MULTIPLE DATA STREAMS IN A WIRELESS MULTI-CARRIER COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Techniques for multiplexing and transmitting multiple data streams are described. Transmission of the multiple data streams occurs in “super-frames”. Each super-frame has a predetermined time duration and is further divided into multiple (e.g., four) frames. Each data block for each data stream is outer encoded to generate a corresponding code block. Each code block is partitioned into multiple subblocks, and each data packet in each code block is inner encoded and modulated to generate modulation symbols for the packet. The multiple subblocks for each code block are transmitted in the multiple frames of the same super-frame, one subblock per frame. Each data stream is allocated a number of transmission units in each super-frame and is assigned specific transmission units to achieve efficient packing. A wireless device can select and receive individual data streams. | 11-27-2008 |
20090175210 | MULTIPLEXING AND TRANSMISSION OF MULTIPLE DATA STREAMS IN A WIRELESS MULTI-CARRIER COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Techniques for multiplexing and transmitting multiple data streams are described. Transmission of the multiple data streams occurs in “super-frames”. Each super-frame has a predetermined time duration and is further divided into multiple (e.g., four) frames. Each data block for each data stream is outer encoded to generate a corresponding code block. Each code block is partitioned into multiple subblocks, and each data packet in each code block is inner encoded and modulated to generate modulation symbols for the packet. The multiple subblocks for each code block are transmitted in the multiple frames of the same super-frame, one subblock per frame. Each data stream is allocated a number of transmission units in each super-frame and is assigned specific transmission units to achieve efficient packing. A wireless device can select and receive individual data streams. | 07-09-2009 |
20090190675 | SYNCHRONIZATION IN A BROADCAST OFDM SYSTEM USING TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXED PILOTS - In an OFDM system, a transmitter broadcasts a first TDM pilot on a first set of subbands followed by a second TDM pilot on a second set of subbands in each frame. The subbands in each set are selected from among N total subbands such that (1) an OFDM symbol for the first TDM pilot contains at least S | 07-30-2009 |
20090304120 | WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH IMPROVED BROADCAST COVERAGE - Techniques to transmit data with cyclic delay diversity and pilot staggering are described. For cyclic delay diversity, OFDM symbols having different cyclic delay durations are generated. The cyclic delay durations for the OFDM symbols may be selected to be time varying with respect to the cyclic delay durations for OFDM symbols transmitted by a neighboring base station. An FDM pilot is generated and multiplexed on multiple sets of subbands in different symbol periods. Waveforms for a second radio technology (e.g., W-CDMA) may be generated for data to be transmitted with this radio technology. The OFDM symbols are multiplexed onto time slots used for OFDM, and the waveforms for the second radio technology are multiplexed onto time slots used for this radio technology. One or multiple modulated signals may be generated based on the multiplexed OFDM symbols and waveforms. Each modulated signal is transmitted from a respective antenna. | 12-10-2009 |
20100098032 | LOCAL AND WIDE-AREA TRANSMISSIONS IN A WIRELESS BROADCAST NETWORK - To broadcast different types of transmission having different tiers of coverage in a wireless broadcast network, each base station processes data for a wide-area transmission in accordance with a first mode (or coding and modulation scheme) to generate data symbols for the wide-area transmission and processes data for a local transmission in accordance with a second mode to generate data symbols for the local transmission. The first and second modes are selected based on the desired coverage for wide-area and local transmissions, respectively. The base station also generates pilots and overhead information for local and wide-area transmissions. The data, pilots, and overhead information for local and wide-area transmissions are multiplexed onto their transmission spans, which may be different sets of frequency subbands, different time segments, or different groups of subbands in different time segments. More than two different types of transmission may also be multiplexed and broadcast. | 04-22-2010 |
20100265865 | MULTIPLEXING AND TRANSMISSION OF MULTIPLE DATA STREAMS IN A WIRELESS MULTI-CARRIER COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Techniques for multiplexing and transmitting multiple data streams are described. Transmission of the multiple data streams occurs in “super-frames”. Each super-frame has a predetermined time duration and is further divided into multiple (e.g., four) frames. Each data block for each data stream is outer encoded to generate a corresponding code block. Each code block is partitioned into multiple subblocks, and each data packet in each code block is inner encoded and modulated to generate modulation symbols for the packet. The multiple subblocks for each code block are transmitted in the multiple frames of the same super-frame, one subblock per frame. Each data stream is allocated a number of transmission units in each super-frame and is assigned specific transmission units to achieve efficient packing. A wireless device can select and receive individual data streams. | 10-21-2010 |
20130177010 | TRANSMISSION OF OVERHEAD INFORMATION FOR RECEPTION OF MULTIPLE DATA STREAMS - Techniques for transmitting overhead information to facilitate efficient reception of individual data streams are described. A base station may transmit multiple data streams on multiple data channels (or MLCs). The MLCs may be transmitted at different times and on different frequency subbands. The time-frequency location of each MLC may change over time. The overhead information indicates the time-frequency location of each MLC and may be sent as “composite” and “embedded” overhead information. The composite overhead information indicates the time-frequency locations of all MLCs and is sent periodically in each super-frame. A wireless device receives the composite overhead information, determines the time-frequency location of each MLC of interest, and receives each MLC at the indicated time-frequency location. The embedded overhead information for each MLC indicates the time-frequency location of that MLC in the next super-frame and is transmitted along with the payload of the MLC in the current super-frame. | 07-11-2013 |
Ramchandran Murali, Swarthmore, PA US
Santosh Murali, Tempe, AZ US
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20150310915 | Memory Cell Retention Enhancement Through Erase State Modification - A method of controlling a resistive memory cell is provided. A resistance threshold value is defined for the memory cell, wherein a circuit identifies the cell as erased if a detected resistance of the cell is above the resistance threshold and identifies the cell as programmed if the detected resistance is below the resistance threshold value. A filament is formed across an electrolyte switching region of the cell by applying an electrical charge, wherein the cell having the formed filament has a first resistance. The cell is then erased to an erased state having a second resistance greater than the first resistance. The cell is then programmed to a quasi-erased state having a third resistance between the first and second resistances, and above the resistance threshold value such that the cell is identified by the circuit as erased. The cell may then be maintained in the quasi-erased state. | 10-29-2015 |
Shanthi Murali, Austin, AL US
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20100028543 | Inorganic Nanocylinders in Liquid Crystalline Form - Disclosed are compositions that include a dispersion of inorganic nanocylinders in lyotropic liquid crystalline form. The inorganic nanocylinders have a high aspect ratio and are highly aligned. | 02-04-2010 |
20130235509 | ULTRACAPACITOR WITH A NOVEL CARBON - Disclosed is a carbon material that can be useful, for example, in ultracapacitors. Also disclosed are applications and devices containing the carbon material. | 09-12-2013 |
Shoba Murali, Westport, CT US
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20110287131 | HEAT MOISTURE TREATED CARBOHYDRATES AND USES THEREOF - A method of controlling serum insulin levels in an individual is disclosed. The method comprises the step of administering to the individual a food composition comprising heat and moisture treated starch (HMT starch). | 11-24-2011 |
Srinivas Murali, Pittsburgh, PA US
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20150219631 | ISOLATION OF PULMONARY ARTERIAL ENDOTHELIAL CELLS FROM PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY VASCULAR DISEASE AND USES THEREOF - The present disclosure provides methods of obtaining, recovering and culturing pulmonary arterial endothelial cells from an individual patient, subjected to a right heart catheterization in regard to diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension. These isolated pulmonary arterial endothelial cells from an individual patient may be utilized to generate cellular phenotyping profile for the cell population, allowing generation of a personalized pharmacotherapy regime to assist the clinician in treatment and prognosis of the disorder for an individual patient. | 08-06-2015 |
Subramanyan Murali, Sunnyvale, CA US
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20140245176 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DISPLAYING EMAIL MESSAGES - A computing device and method for displaying content such as email messages in a user interface including email message cards. Email messages in an email mailbox are accessed. The email messages are configured into a graphical display format, where the display format includes email message cards, each email message card representing a respective email message in the mailbox and including a portion of email contents of the email message. The graphical display format is communicated to a display device for display of the configured message cards. | 08-28-2014 |
Sujith Murali, Chesterfield, NJ US
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20150179307 | HIGH VISIBILITY CABLE - An electrical cable includes a plurality of conductors forming a conductor core, one or more insulation layers at least partially surrounding at least one of the plurality of conductors, an outer jacket surrounding the conductor core and a film applied to the exterior surface of the outer jacket. The film includes high visibility particles. Methods of forming electrical cables are also described herein. | 06-25-2015 |
Supraja Murali, Oviedo, FL US
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20090133170 | Optical Instruments Having Dynamic Focus - An optical system suitable for use in an optical instrument such as a handheld optical probe, the optical system including a scanning element and an objective, the objective including a variable focus lens that can be electronically controlled to change the focal length of the optical system. In some embodiments, the optical system can axially and laterally scan a subject material by sequentially focusing at an axial depth using the variable focus lens and laterally scanning the material at that depth using the scanning element. | 05-21-2009 |
20090147373 | Dynamic Focus Optical Probes - In one embodiment, an optical probe includes a housing, and an optical system provided within the housing, the optical system having a dynamically adjustable focal length such that the optical system can be focused at different points spaced a variety of distances from the housing while the probe is in use. | 06-11-2009 |
20110051212 | Dynamically focused optical instrument - An optical system includes a dynamically focused lens that variably changes focal length to focus light on a material under evaluation at discrete axial depths, and a scanning element that laterally scans the material to focus light on the material at points that are laterally adjacent the axial depth. | 03-03-2011 |
Venkatesan Murali, San Jose, CA US
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20110215465 | MULTI-CHIP INTEGRATED CIRCUIT - An integrated circuit (IC) combines a first IC chip (die) having a first on-chip interconnect structure and a second IC chip having a second on-chip interconnect structure on a reconstructed wafer base. The second IC chip is edge-bonded to the first IC chip with oxide-to-oxide edge bonding. A chip-to-chip interconnect structure electrically couples the first IC chip and the second IC chip. | 09-08-2011 |
20120220068 | Method to Form a Device by Constructing a Support Element on a Thin Semiconductor Lamina - A semiconductor assembly is described in which a support element is constructed on a surface of a semiconductor lamina. Following formation of the thin lamina, which may have a thickness about 50 microns or less, the support element is formed, for example by plating, or by application of a precursor and curing in situ, resulting in a support element which may be, for example, metal, ceramic, polymer, etc. This is in contrast to pre-formed support element which is affixed to the lamina following its formation, or to a donor wafer from which the lamina is subsequently cleaved. | 08-30-2012 |
20120258561 | Low-Temperature Method for Forming Amorphous Semiconductor Layers - In embodiments of the present invention an undoped amorphous, nanocrystalline or microcrystalline semiconductor layer and a heavily doped amorphous, nanocrystalline, or microcrystalline semiconductor layer are formed on a monocrystalline silicon lamina. The lamina is the base region of a photovoltaic cell, while the amorphous, nanocrystalline or monocrystalline layers serve to passivate the surface of the lamina, reducing recombination at this surface. In embodiments, the heavily doped layer additionally serves as either the emitter of the cell or to provide electrical contact to the base layer. The undoped and heavily doped layers are deposited at low temperature, for example about 150 degrees C. or less with hydrogen dilution. This low temperature allows use of low-temperature materials and methods, while increased hydrogen dilution improves film quality and/or conductivity. | 10-11-2012 |
20130199611 | Method for Forming Flexible Solar Cells - The invention provides for a semiconductor wafer with a metal support element suitable for the formation of a flexible or sag tolerant photovoltaic cell. A method for forming a photovoltaic cell may comprise providing a semiconductor wafer have a thickness greater than 150 μm, the wafer having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first and etching the semiconductor wafer a first time so that the first etching reduces the thickness of the semiconductor wafer to less than 150 μm. After the wafer has been etched a first time, a metal support element may be constructed on or over the first surface; and a photovoltaic cell may be fabricated, wherein the semiconductor wafer comprises the base of the photovoltaic cell. | 08-08-2013 |
20130200496 | MULTI-LAYER METAL SUPPORT - The invention provides a method of forming an electronic device from a lamina that has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is matched or nearly matched to a constructed metal support. In some embodiments the method comprises implanting the top surface of a donor body with an ion dosage to form a cleave plane followed by exfoliating a lamina from the donor body. After exfoliating the lamina, a flexible metal support that has a coefficient of thermal expansion with a value that is within 10% of the value of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the lamina is constructed on the lamina. In some embodiments the coefficients of thermal expansion of the metal support and the lamina are within 10% or within 5% of each other between the temperatures of 100 and 600 ° C. | 08-08-2013 |
20130200497 | MULTI-LAYER METAL SUPPORT - The invention provides a method of forming an electronic device from a lamina that has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is matched or nearly matched to a constructed metal support. In some embodiments the method comprises implanting the top surface of a donor body with an ion dosage to form a cleave plane followed by exfoliating a lamina from the donor body. After exfoliating the lamina, a flexible metal support that has a coefficient of thermal expansion with a value that is within 10% of the value of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the lamina is constructed on the lamina. In some embodiments the coefficients of thermal expansion of the metal support and the lamina are within 10% or within 5% of each other between the temperatures of 500 and 1050° C. | 08-08-2013 |
20130203205 | Method for Fabricating Backside-Illuminated Sensors - A method for fabricating a backside-illuminated sensor includes providing a thin film semiconductor lamina having a first conductivity, and forming a doped region having a second conductivity within the lamina and at a front surface of the lamina. The lamina may be provided as a free-standing lamina, or may be provided as a semiconductor donor body from which the lamina is cleaved. An electrical connection is formed to the doped region. A temporary carrier is contacted to the back surface of the semiconductor and later removed. A backside-illuminated sensor is fabricated from the semiconductor lamina, in which the thickness of the semiconductor lamina remains substantially unchanged during the fabrication process. | 08-08-2013 |
20130203251 | Method for Three-Dimensional Packaging of Electronic Devices - An interposer is fabricated from a lamina. A donor body is provided, ions are implanted into a first surface of the donor body to define a cleave plane, a temporary carrier is separably contacted to the donor body, and the lamina is cleaved from the donor body. The lamina has front surface and a back surface, with a thickness from the front surface to the back surface. A via hole is formed in the lamina, where the via hole extends through the thickness of the lamina. The temporary carrier is removed from the lamina, and the lamina may be fabricated into an interposer for three-dimensional integrated circuit packages. | 08-08-2013 |
20130330871 | METHODS FOR TEXTURING A SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL - A method for modifying the texture of a semiconductor material is provided. The method includes performing a first texture step comprising reactive ion etching to a first surface of semiconductor material. After the first texture step, the first surface of the semiconductor material has a random texture comprising a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, and wherein at least fifty percent of the first surface has a peak-to-valley height of less than one micron and an average peak-to-peak distance of less than one micron. Additional texture steps comprising wet etch or RIE etching may be optionally applied. | 12-12-2013 |
20140030836 | Silicon Carbide Lamina - A method of fabricating an electronic device includes providing a silicon carbide or diamond-like carbon donor body and implanting ions into a first surface of the donor body to define a cleave plane. After implanting, an epitaxial layer is formed on the first surface, and a temporary carrier is coupled to the epitaxial layer. A lamina is cleaved from the donor body at the cleave plane, and the temporary carrier is removed from the lamina. In some embodiments a light emitting diode or a high electron mobility transistor is fabricated from the lamina and epitaxial layer. | 01-30-2014 |
20140261654 | FREE-STANDING METALLIC ARTICLE FOR SEMICONDUCTORS - A free-standing metallic article, and method of making, is disclosed in which the metallic article is electroformed on an electrically conductive mandrel. The mandrel has an outer surface with a preformed pattern, wherein at least a portion of the metallic article is formed in the preformed pattern. The metallic article is separated from the electrically conductive mandrel, which forms a free-standing metallic article that may be coupled with the surface of a semiconductor material for a photovoltaic cell. | 09-18-2014 |
20140261659 | Free-Standing Metallic Article for Semiconductors - A free-standing metallic article, and method of making, is disclosed in which the metallic article is electroformed on an electrically conductive mandrel. The mandrel has an outer surface with a preformed pattern, wherein at least a portion of the metallic article is formed in the preformed pattern. The metallic article is separated from the electrically conductive mandrel, which forms a free-standing metallic article that may be coupled with the surface of a semiconductor material for a photovoltaic cell. | 09-18-2014 |
20140261661 | FREE-STANDING METALLIC ARTICLE WITH OVERPLATING - A free-standing metallic article, and method of making, is disclosed in which the metallic article is electroformed on an electrically conductive mandrel. The mandrel has an outer surface layer having a preformed pattern. The outer surface layer has a dielectric region and an exposed metal region. The metallic article has a plurality of electroformed elements that are formed on the exposed metal region of the outer surface layer of the electrically conductive mandrel. A first electroformed element has an overplated portion formed above the outer surface layer of the mandrel. The metallic article is configured to serve as an electrical conduit for a photovoltaic cell, and forms a unitary, free-standing piece when separated from the electrically conductive mandrel. | 09-18-2014 |
20140262793 | ADAPTABLE FREE-STANDING METALLIC ARTICLE FOR SEMICONDUCTORS - A free-standing metallic article, and method of making, is disclosed in which the metallic article is electroformed on an electrically conductive mandrel. The metallic article has a plurality of electroformed elements that are configured to serve as an electrical conduit for a photovoltaic cell. A first electroformed element has at least one of: a) a non-uniform width along a first length of the first element, b) a change in conduit direction along the first length of the first element, c) an expansion segment along the first length of the first element, d) a first width that is different from a second width of a second element in the plurality of electroformed elements, e) a first height that is different from a second height of the second element in the plurality of electroformed elements, and f) a top surface that is textured. | 09-18-2014 |
20150037537 | METHOD OF REDUCING THE THICKNESS OF A SAPPHIRE LAYER - A method of removing material from a sapphire article is described. In particular, the method comprises the step of providing an initial sapphire layer and reducing the thickness of the layer while not significantly increasing the surface roughness of the layer. Cover plates for electronic device and methods of preparing them are also disclosed, along with a method of analyzing a sapphire article produced by the present method. | 02-05-2015 |
20150037897 | METHOD OF ANALYZING A SAPPHIRE ARTICLE - A method of removing material from a sapphire article is described. In particular, the method comprises the step of providing an initial sapphire layer and reducing the thickness of the layer while not significantly increasing the surface roughness of the layer, Cover plates for electronic device and methods of preparing them are also disclosed, along with a method of analyzing a sapphire article produced by the present method. | 02-05-2015 |
20160027947 | FREE-STANDING METALLIC ARTICLE FOR SEMICONDUCTORS - A free-standing metallic article, and method of making, is disclosed in which the metallic article is electroformed on an electrically conductive mandrel. The mandrel has an outer surface with a preformed pattern, wherein at least a portion of the metallic article is formed in the preformed pattern. The metallic article is separated from the electrically conductive mandrel, which forms a free-standing metallic article that may be coupled with the surface of a semiconductor material for a photovoltaic cell. | 01-28-2016 |