Patent application number | Description | Published |
20120312880 | POWER-ON SEQUENCING FOR AN RFID TAG - Sequencing circuitry for a ferroelectric RFID circuit includes an input node for receiving an external voltage, a bandgap circuit coupled to the input node, a bandgap ready circuit coupled to the bandgap circuit, a slew filter having an input coupled to the input node and to the bandgap ready circuit, a filter capacitor coupled to an output of the slew filter, and an LDO regulator having an input coupled to the output of the slew filter having a plurality of regulated voltages for use in a memory portion, a digital circuit portion, and for generating a reset signal. The sequencing circuitry further includes delay circuits for introducing a controlled delay between operational modes, POR cells for monitoring power supply voltages, and a digital state machine for monitoring internal nodes to control a shut-down pulse generator. | 12-13-2012 |
20120312881 | DYNAMIC POWER CLAMP FOR RFID POWER CONTROL - A clamp circuit for an RFID tag includes a power supply node, a dynamic clamp coupled between the power supply node and ground, and an active clamp coupled between the power supply and ground, having a shunt combined effect for providing a clamped power supply node VDDR voltage. The dynamic clamp includes a capacitor divider circuit, a resistor coupled to the capacitor divider circuit, and an N-channel transistor coupled to the capacitor divider circuit. The active clamp includes a differential amplifier having a first input coupled to a resistor divider, a second input for receiving a reference voltage, and an output coupled to a P-channel transistor for the clamped VDDR voltage. | 12-13-2012 |
20120313592 | SHUNT REGULATOR CIRCUIT HAVING A SPLIT OUTPUT - A shunt regulator for an RFID tag chip is powered from split outputs from the RF rectifier, including a first output for providing a power delivery path to on-chip circuits and a second output for providing a discharge-regulation path. The shunt regulator includes a capacitor coupled between the first output and ground. The shunt regulator further includes an input node for receiving a power supply voltage from the rectifier split outputs, a first diode having an anode coupled to the input node, a second diode having an anode coupled to the input node, a resistor divider circuit and amplifier coupled between a cathode of the first diode and ground, transistor having a control terminal coupled to an output of the resistor divider and amplifier circuit, and a current path coupled between a cathode of the second diode and ground. | 12-13-2012 |
20130141151 | ANALOG DELAY CELLS FOR THE POWER SUPPLY OF AN RFID TAG - A delay circuit for an RFID tag includes a power supply input and a power supply output and one or more delay circuits in cascade connection between the power supply input and the power supply output. A first delay circuit includes a passive circuit, a second delay circuit includes a ramp circuit, and a third delay circuit includes a current mirror circuit. | 06-06-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080268471 | USE OF SPECIFIC T2R RECEPTORS TO IDENTIFY COMPOUNDS THAT BLOCK BITTER TASTE - Assays for identifying compounds that modulate, preferably inhibit bitter taste associated with the activation of hT2R4, hT2R44 and/or hT2R61 are provided. The compounds identified according to these assays should modulate, e.g., inhibit bitter taste associated with bitter tasting compounds including quinine, 6-nitrosaccharin, saccharin and/or denatonium. These compounds are useful additives for foods, beverages or medicinal preparationshaving a bitter taste. | 10-30-2008 |
20090087866 | HUMAN T2R RECEPTORS FOR RANITIDINE, STRYCHNINE AND DENATONIUM AND RELATED ASSAYS FOR IDENTIFYING HUMAN BITTER TASTE MODULATORS - The present invention relates to the discovery that specific human taste receptors in the T2R taste receptor family respond to particular bitter ligands, i.e., acetaminophen, ranitidine, strychnine and denatonium. The present invention further relates to the use of these receptors in assays for identifying ligands that modulate the activation of these taste receptors and which may be used as additives in foods, beverages and medicinals for modifying (blocking) T2R-associated bitter taste. | 04-02-2009 |
20100317035 | USE OF SPECIFIC T2R TASTE RECEPTORS TO IDENTIFY COMPOUNDS THAT BLOCK BITTER TASTE - Assays for identifying compounds that modulate, preferably inhibit bitter taste associated with the activation of hT2R4, hT2R44 and/or hT2R61 are provided. The compounds identified according to these assays should modulate, e.g., inhibit bitter taste associated with bitter tasting compounds including quinine, 6-nitrosaccharin, saccharin and/or denatonium. These compounds are useful additives for foods, beverages or medicinal preparations having a bitter taste. | 12-16-2010 |
20110136112 | IDENTIFICATION OF BITTER LIGANDS THAT SPECIFICALLY ACTIVATE HUMAN T2R RECEPTORS AND RELATED ASSAYS FOR IDENTIFYING HUMAN BITTER TASTE MODULATORS - The present invention relates to the discovery that specific human taste receptors in the T2R taste receptor family respond to particular bitter compounds. Also, the invention relates to the discovery of specific hT2R9 alleles and their disparate activity in functional assays with the same biter ligands. The invention further relates to the use of these T2R receptors in assays for identifying ligands that modulate the activation of these taste receptors by specific bitter ligands and related compounds. These compounds may be used as additives and/or removed from foods, beverages, cosmetics and medicinals in order to modify (block) T2R-associated bitter taste. Also T2R ligands may be used as therapeutics to treat and modulate T2R associated gastrointestinal and metabolic functions as well as treat gastrointestinal and metabolic diseases such as eating disorders, food sensing, food absorption, obesity, diabetes, Crohn's diseae, celiac disease, et al. | 06-09-2011 |
20110212856 | HUMAN T2R RECEPTORS RECOGNIZING A CLASS OF BITTER MOLECULES FROM COFFEE - The present invention relates to the discovery that specific human taste receptors in the T2R taste receptor family respond to particular bitter compounds, i.e., chlorogenic lactone compounds that contribute at least partially to the bitter taste of many coffee beverages. The present invention further relates to the use of these receptors in assays for identifying ligands that modulate the activation of these taste receptors by chlorogenic lactones and related compounds and which may be used as additives and/or removed from foods, beverages and medicinals in order to modify (block) T2R-associated bitter taste. A preferred embodiment is the use of the identified compounds as additives in coffee and coffee-flavored foods, beverages and medicinals. | 09-01-2011 |
20110281749 | HUMAN T2R RECEPTORS FOR ACETAMINOPHEN, RANITIDINE, STRYCHNINE AND DENATONIUM AND RELATED ASSAYS FOR IDENTIFYING HUMAN BITTER TASTE MODULATORS - The present invention relates to the discovery that specific human taste receptors in the T2R taste receptor family respond to particular bitter ligands, i.e., acetaminophen, ranitidine, strychnine and denatonium. The present invention further relates to the use of these receptors in assays for identifying ligands that modulate the activation of these taste receptors and which may be used as additives in foods, beverages and medicinals for modifying (blocking) T2R-associated bitter taste. | 11-17-2011 |
20140302528 | IDENTIFICATION OF BITTER LIGANDS THAT SPECIFICALLY ACTIVATE HUMAN T2R RECEPTORS AND RELATED ASSAYS FOR IDENTIFYING HUMAN BITTER TASTE MODULATORS - The present invention relates to the discovery that specific human taste receptors in the T2R taste receptor family respond to particular bitter compounds. Also, the invention relates to the discovery of specific hT2R9 alleles and their disparate activity in functional assays with the same biter ligands. The invention further relates to the use of these T2R receptors in assays for identifying ligands that modulate the activation of these taste receptors by specific bitter ligands and related compounds. These compounds may be used as additives and/or removed from foods, beverages, cosmetics and medicinals in order to modify (block) T2R-associated bitter taste. Also T2R ligands may be used as therapeutics to treat and modulate T2R associated gastrointestinal and metabolic functions as well as treat gastrointestinal and metabolic diseases such as eating disorders, food sensing, food absorption, obesity, diabetes, Crohn's disease, celiac disease, et al. | 10-09-2014 |
20160109445 | IDENTIFICATION OF BITTER LIGANDS THAT SPECIFICALLY ACTIVATE HUMAN T2R RECEPTORS AND RELATED ASSAYS FOR IDENTIFYING HUMAN BITTER TASTE MODULATORS - The present invention relates to the discovery that specific human taste receptors in the T2R taste receptor family respond to particular bitter compounds. Also, the invention relates to the discovery of specific hT2R9 alleles and their disparate activity in functional assays with the same biter ligands. The invention further relates to the use of these T2R receptors in assays for identifying ligands that modulate the activation of these taste receptors by specific bitter ligands and related compounds. These comounds may be used as additives and/or removed from foods, beverages, cosmetics and medicinals in order to modify (block) T2R-associated bitter taste. Also T2R ligands may be used as therapeutics to treat and modulate T2R associated gastrointestinal and metabolic functions as well as treat gastrointestinal and metabolic diseases such as eating disorders, food sensing, fod absorption, obesity, diabetes, Crohn's disease, celiac disease, et al. | 04-21-2016 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20120117144 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CREATING A VIEWING SOCIAL NETWORK - A system and method for detecting a user operating a first client device at an intermediary server communicatively coupled to one or more client devices including the first client device and further communicatively coupled to one or more other intermediary servers each communicatively coupled with one or more other client devices, establishing communication with at least one social networking server maintaining information corresponding to the user comprising one or more of user preferences, a plurality of user connections, and user connection preferences corresponding to each of the plurality of user connections, querying the at least one social networking server for the information, receiving the information and generating a local viewing social network for the user comprising generating a user profile according to the information, detecting one or more local connections and establishing direct communication between the user and at least one of the one or more local connections. | 05-10-2012 |
20120117167 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING RECOMMENDATIONS TO A USER IN A VIEWING SOCIAL NETWORK - Method and systems are provided for initiating communication with a social networking server maintaining user information corresponding to a user, the user information for the user comprising media preferences for the user, one or more connections associated with the user, and media preferences for each of the one or more connections, retrieving at least a portion of the user information for the user from the social networking server and generating a viewing recommendation for the user at least in part based on at least one of the media preferences of the user, and the media preferences of the one or more connections, the viewing recommendation comprising one or more multi-media content. | 05-10-2012 |
20120117168 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENABLING DEVICE COMMUNICATION AND CONTROL USING XMPP - A method and device is provided for platform independent device communication by detecting a request at a processor-based device to perform a function, determining an external device corresponding to the request, retrieving a tag for the external device for performing a function corresponding to the request and generating a message implemented in XMPP, having embedded therein the tag, wherein the tag is essential at the external device for performing the function corresponding to the request. Receiving the message at a device, determining whether the message comprises a device message, retrieving a tag included in the message, wherein the tag corresponds to an executable command to perform a function and executing the tag to perform the function. | 05-10-2012 |
20120126938 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AN ACCESS CODE - Methods and apparatus are provided for generating an access code. In one embodiment, a method may include detecting user activation of a directional input of a device, wherein the user activation relates to a plurality of directional input commands, and determining an access code based on the user activation of the directional input, the access code including a plurality of code elements wherein each code element of the access code is associated with a direction of the directional input based on the user activation. The method may further include outputting code elements of the access code. | 05-24-2012 |
20130013681 | COLLABORATIVE FILTERING OF CONTENT - Embodiments generally relate to aggregating mentions. In one embodiment, a method includes retrieving a plurality of mentions from a social networking service, where each mention is associated with one or more users of the social networking service. The method also includes aggregating the mentions, and displaying the mentions based on one or more formats. | 01-10-2013 |
20130024781 | Multi-Modal and Updating Interface for Messaging - An electronic device designed for electronic messaging is configured to provide multiple options for including content into an electrical communication. For example, the device can provide content including one or combinations of letters, numbers, audio, video, graphics such as pictures, icons, or emoticons. The user of such an electronic communication device can select certain input options on a user interface to select from among various types of content to include in an electronic communication. The content from which the user may choose can be updated and changed on a periodic basis through communication between the user's electronic communication device and a central computing device. The central computing device can be controlled by a manufacturer of the computing device, a communication service provider, the user, or other third party to periodically change the messaging content options for a user. | 01-24-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20130129080 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AUTHENTICATING DATA WHILE MINIMIZING BANDWIDTH - Systems and methods for data authentication can comprise processing a first secret element to generate a first encrypted secret element, processing a second secret element to generate a non-secret element, and processing the first encrypted secret element and the non-secret element to generate an encrypted data block. | 05-23-2013 |
20150104011 | PRESERVATION OF ENCRYPTION - An apparatus, method, system and computer-readable medium are provided for preserving an encryption of data when confronted by an attack, such as a side channel analysis (SCA) attack based on a statistical analysis. In some embodiments, hardware, software, and/or firmware associated with an encryption calculation may be exercised or accessed during a background operation when an actual or real operation is not taking place. During the background operation, dummy values for data and one or more keys may be input to the hardware. A switching between the real operation and the background operation may take place seamlessly such that measurement of a physical characteristic associated with the hardware is indistinguishable in terms of when the real and background operations are active. In this manner, the secrecy of a key used in connection with the real operation may be preserved. | 04-16-2015 |
20160028785 | MESSAGE RATE MIXING FOR BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT - Disclosed are systems and methods for controlling an amount and rate of security related information (e.g., content encryption or rights management information) being transmitted in a content stream to a user device. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a method and related apparatuses for reducing bandwidth usage required when sending transitional security related information during a transition point of different content in a content stream. | 01-28-2016 |
20160036783 | CONTROL WORD AND ASSOCIATED ENTITLEMENT CONTROL MESSAGE CACHING AND REUSE - Methods, systems, computer-readable media, and apparatuses for providing control word and associated entitlement control message (ECM) functionalities are presented. In some embodiments, a computing device may cache concurrently a first set of control words and a first set of entitlement control messages (ECMs) associated with the first set of control words. The computing device may encrypt a transport stream with a particular control word of the first set of control words. The computing device may insert a particular ECM, of the first set of ECMs, corresponding to the particular control word into the transport stream sent to a device downstream from the computing device. In some embodiments, a computing device may reuse control words and associated ECMs. | 02-04-2016 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100142712 | Content Delivery Network Having Downloadable Conditional Access System with Personalization Servers for Personalizing Client Devices - A content delivery network and method employing a Downloadable Conditional Access System (“DCAS”) includes first and second personalization servers. A unit key list having unique keys is segmented into different blocks. Each block is encrypted with a separate transmission key corresponding to that block such that first and second blocks are respectively encrypted with first and second transmission keys. The encrypted blocks are communicated to the personalization servers. The first transmission key is communicated to the first personalization server without being communicated to another personalization server such that the first server can decrypt the first block using the first transmission key to access the keys of the first block. The second transmission key is communicated to the second personalization server without being communicated to another personalization server such that the second server can decrypt the second block using the second transmission key to access the keys of the second block. | 06-10-2010 |
20130064362 | PRESERVATION OF ENCRYPTION - An apparatus, method, system and computer-readable medium are provided for preserving an encryption of data when confronted by an attack, such as a side channel analysis (SCA) attack based on a statistical analysis. In some embodiments, hardware, software, and/or firmware associated with an encryption calculation may be exercised or accessed during a background operation when an actual or real operation is not taking place. During the background operation, dummy values for data and one or more keys may be input to the hardware. A switching between the real operation and the background operation may take place seamlessly such that measurement of a physical characteristic associated with the hardware is indistinguishable in terms of when the real and background operations are active. In this manner, the secrecy of a key used in connection with the real operation may be preserved. | 03-14-2013 |
20130129086 | Downloading of Data to Secure Devices - An encryption key may be generated based on personalized unit data associated with a software download recipient, for example, a secure processor. In some aspects, the secure processor may generate a decryption key based on its personalized unit data, and a software download may be performed between the software provider and the secure processor using the generated encryption keys. The secure processor may then decrypt and load the software for execution. The encryption and decryption key generation may also be based on a sequence number or other data indicating one or more previous software downloads at the secure processor. Using the sequence number or other data, sequences of multiple encryption and/or decryption keys may be generated to support multiple software downloads to a secure processor. | 05-23-2013 |
20140376718 | DOWNLOADING OF DATA TO SECURE DEVICES - An encryption key may be generated based on personalized unit data associated with a software download recipient, for example, a secure processor. In some aspects, the secure processor may generate a decryption key based on its personalized unit data, and a software download may be performed between the software provider and the secure processor using the generated encryption keys. The secure processor may then decrypt and load the software for execution. The encryption and decryption key generation may also be based on a sequence number or other data indicating one or more previous software downloads at the secure processor. Using the sequence number or other data, sequences of multiple encryption and/or decryption keys may be generated to support multiple software downloads to a secure processor. | 12-25-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080306053 | MODULATION OF CHEMOSENSORY RECEPTORS AND LIGANDS ASSOCIATED THEREWITH - The present invention provides screening methods for identifying modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands, e.g., by determining whether a test entity is suitable to interact with one or more interacting sites within the Venus flytrap domains of the chemosensory receptors as well as modifiers capable of modulating chemosensory receptors and their ligands. | 12-11-2008 |
20080306093 | MODULATION OF CHEMOSENSORY RECEPTORS AND LIGANDS ASSOCIATED THEREWITH - The present invention provides screening methods for identifying modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands, e.g., by determining whether a test entity is suitable to interact with one or more interacting sites within the Venus flytrap domains of the chemosensory receptors as well as modifiers capable of modulating chemosensory receptors and their ligands. | 12-11-2008 |
20090111834 | NOVEL FLAVORS, FLAVOR MODIFIERS, TASTANTS, TASTE ENHANCERS, UMAMI OR SWEET TASTANTS, AND/OR ENHANCERS AND USE THEREOF - The present invention relates to the discovery that certain non-naturally occurring, non-peptide amide compounds and amide derivatives, such as oxalamides, ureas, and acrylamides, are useful flavor or taste modifiers, such as a flavoring or flavoring agents and flavor or taste enhancer, more particularly, savory (the “umami” taste of monosodium glutamate) or sweet taste modifiers, —savory or sweet flavoring agents and savory or sweet flavor enhancers, for food, beverages, and other comestible or orally administered medicinal products or compositions. | 04-30-2009 |
20110224155 | MODULATION OF CHEMOSENSORY RECEPTORS AND LIGANDS ASSOCIATED THEREWITH - The present invention includes methods for identifying modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands, e.g., by determining whether a test entity is suitable to interact with one or more interacting sites within the Venus flytrap domains of the chemosensory receptors, and modifiers capable of modulating chemosensory receptors and their ligands. The present invention also includes modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands having Formula (I), its subgenus, and specific compounds. Furthermore, the present invention includes ingestible compositions comprising the modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands and methods of using the modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands to enhance the sweet taste of an ingestible composition or treat a condition associated with a chemosensory receptor. In addition, the present invention include processes for preparing the modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands. | 09-15-2011 |
20110230502 | MODULATION OF CHEMOSENSORY RECEPTORS AND LIGANDS ASSOCIATED THEREWITH - The present invention provides screening methods for identifying modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands, e.g., by determining whether a test entity is suitable to interact with one or more interacting sites within the Venus flytrap domains of the chemosensory receptors as well as modifiers capable of modulating chemosensory receptors and their ligands. | 09-22-2011 |
20110245353 | SWEET FLAVOR MODIFIER - The present invention includes compounds having structural formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvate, and/or ester thereof. These compounds are useful as sweet flavor modifiers. The present invention also includes compositions comprising the present compounds and methods of enhancing the sweet taste of ingestible compositions. Furthermore, the present invention provides methods for preparing the compounds. | 10-06-2011 |
20110245494 | PROCESSES AND INTERMEDIATES FOR MAKING SWEET TASTE ENHANCERS - The present invention includes methods/processes and intermediates for preparing compounds having structural Formula (I): | 10-06-2011 |
20120041078 | METHOD OF IMPROVING STABILITY OF SWEET ENHANCER AND COMPOSITION CONTAINING STABILIZED SWEET ENHANCER - The present invention includes methods of stabilizing one or more sweet enhancers when they are exposed to a light source as well as liquid compositions containing one or more sweet enhancers and one or more photostabilizers. | 02-16-2012 |
20120201763 | NOVEL FLAVORS, FLAVOR MODIFIERS, TASTANTS, TASTE ENHANCERS, UMAMI OR SWEET TASTANTS, AND/OR ENHANCERS AND USE THEREOF - The present invention relates to the discovery that certain non-naturally occurring, non-peptide amide compounds and amide derivatives, such as oxalamides, ureas, and acrylamides, are useful flavor or taste modifiers, such as a flavoring or flavoring agents and flavor or taste enhancer, more particularly, savory (the “umami” taste of monosodium glutamate) or sweet taste modifiers, —savory or sweet flavoring agents and savory or sweet flavor enhancers, for food, beverages, and other comestible or orally administered medicinal products or compositions. | 08-09-2012 |
20130041046 | SWEET FLAVOR MODIFIER - The present invention includes compounds having structural formula (I), or salts or solvates thereof. These compounds are useful as sweet flavor modifiers. The present invention also includes compositions comprising the present compounds and methods of enhancing the sweet taste of compositions. | 02-14-2013 |
20140107370 | PROCESSES AND INTERMEDIATES FOR MAKING SWEET TASTE ENHANCERS - The present invention includes methods/processes and intermediates for preparing compounds having structural Formula (I): | 04-17-2014 |
20140128481 | SWEET FLAVOR MODIFIER - The present invention includes compounds having structural formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvate, and/or ester thereof. These compounds are useful as sweet flavor modifiers. The present invention also includes compositions comprising the present compounds and methods of enhancing the sweet taste of ingestible compositions. Furthermore, the present invention provides methods for preparing the compounds. | 05-08-2014 |
20140235623 | MODULATION OF CHEMOSENSORY RECEPTORS AND LIGANDS ASSOCIATED THEREWITH - The present invention includes methods for identifying modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands, e.g., by determining whether a test entity is suitable to interact with one or more interacting sites within the Venus flytrap domains of the chemosensory receptors, and modifiers capable of modulating chemosensory receptors and their ligands. The present invention also includes modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands having Formula (I), its subgenus, and specific compounds. Furthermore, the present invention includes ingestible compositions comprising the modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands and methods of using the modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands to enhance the sweet taste of an ingestible composition or treat a condition associated with a chemosensory receptor. In addition, the present invention include processes for preparing the modifiers of chemosensory receptors and their ligands. | 08-21-2014 |
20150093339 | NOVEL FLAVORS, FLAVOR MODIFIERS, TASTANTS, TASTE ENHANCERS, UMAMI OR SWEET TASTANTS, AND/OR ENHANCERS AND USE THEREOF - The present invention relates to the discovery that certain non-naturally occurring, non-peptide amide compounds and amide derivatives, such as oxalamides, ureas, and acrylamides, are useful flavor or taste modifiers, such as a flavoring or flavoring agents and flavor or taste enhancer, more particularly, savory (the “umami” taste of monosodium glutamate) or sweet taste modifiers,—savory or sweet flavoring agents and savory or sweet flavor enhancers, for food, beverages, and other comestible or orally administered medicinal products or compositions. | 04-02-2015 |
20150141527 | SWEET FLAVOR MODIFIER - The present invention includes compounds having structural formula (I), or salts or solvates thereof. These compounds are useful as sweet flavor modifiers. The present invention also includes compositions comprising the present compounds and methods of enhancing the sweet taste of compositions. | 05-21-2015 |
20150245642 | METHOD OF IMPROVING STABILITY OF SWEET ENHANCER AND COMPOSITION CONTAINING STABILIZED SWEET ENHANCER - The present invention includes methods of stabilizing one or more sweet enhancers when they are exposed to a light source as well as liquid compositions containing one or more sweet enhancers and one or more photostabilizers. | 09-03-2015 |
20150265711 | SWEET FLAVOR MODIFIER - The present invention includes compounds having structural formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvate, and/or ester thereof. These compounds are useful as sweet flavor modifiers. The present invention also includes compositions comprising the present compounds and methods of enhancing the sweet taste of ingestible compositions. Furthermore, the present invention provides methods for preparing the compounds. | 09-24-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100019845 | SWITCHING POWER AMPLIFIER FOR QUANTIZED SIGNALS - An apparatus and method for communications are disclosed. The apparatus may include an a quantizer having three levels, and a switching power amplifier configured to drive a load having first and second terminals, wherein the switching power amplifier is further configured to switch the first and second terminals between first and second power rails only if the output from the quantizer is at one of the three levels. | 01-28-2010 |
20110222703 | SWITCHING POWER AMPLIFIER FOR QUANTIZED SIGNALS - An apparatus and method for communications are disclosed. The apparatus may include an a quantizer having three levels, and a switching power amplifier configured to drive a load having first and second terminals, wherein the switching power amplifier is further configured to switch the first and second terminals between first and second power rails only if the output from the quantizer is at one of the three levels. | 09-15-2011 |
20120011088 | COMMUNICATION AND SYNAPSE TRAINING METHOD AND HARDWARE FOR BIOLOGICALLY INSPIRED NETWORKS - Certain embodiments of the present disclosure support techniques for training of synapses in biologically inspired networks. Only one device based on a memristor can be used as a synaptic connection between a pair of neurons. The training of synaptic weights can be achieved with a low current consumption. A proposed synapse training circuit may be shared by a plurality of incoming/outgoing connections, while only one digitally implemented pulse-width modulation (PWM) generator can be utilized per neuron circuit for generating synapse-training pulses. Only up to three phases of a slow clock can be used for both the neuron-to-neuron communications and synapse training. Some special control signals can be also generated for setting up synapse training events. By means of these signals, the synapse training circuit can be in a high-impedance state outside the training events, thus the synaptic resistance (i.e., the synaptic weight) is not affected outside the training process. | 01-12-2012 |
20120011090 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR THREE-MEMRISTOR SYNAPSE WITH STDP AND DOPAMINE SIGNALING - The present disclosure proposes implementation of a three-memristor synapse where an adjustment of synaptic strength is based on Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) with dopamine signaling. | 01-12-2012 |
20120011092 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR MEMRISTOR-BASED NEURON CIRCUITS - Certain embodiments of the present disclosure support techniques for designing neuron circuits based on memristors. Bulky capacitors as electrical current integrators can be eliminated and nanometer scale memristors can be utilized instead. Using the nanometer feature-sized memristors, the neuron hardware area can be substantially reduced. | 01-12-2012 |
20140253206 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROVIDING LOW-PASS FILTERING - A low-pass filter circuit is described. The low-pass filter circuit includes a pseudo-resistor. The pseudo-resistor includes at least one metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor. The at least one metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor receives a digital power supply domain signal. The low-pass filter circuit also includes a capacitor. The capacitor is coupled to the pseudo-resistor. The capacitor provides a filtered signal. The low-pass filter circuit may pass digital signal transitions and provide low-pass filtering when there is no signal transition. | 09-11-2014 |
20140266353 | MIXED SIGNAL TDC WITH EMBEDDED T2V ADC - A time-to-digital converter converts the difference between transition times of a reference clock signal and an oscillating signal to a digital signal whose value is proportional to the transitions timing difference. The time-to-digital converter includes an edge detector, a time-to-voltage converter, and an analog-to-digital converter. The edge detector is adapted to detect, during each period of the reference clock signal, the edge (transition) of the oscillating signal that is closest to the edge of the reference clock signal. The time-to-voltage converter is adapted to generate an analog signal proportional to a difference in time between the detected edge of the oscillating signal and the edge of the reference clock signal. The analog-to-digital converter is adapted to convert the analog signal to a digital signal whose value is proportional the difference between the occurrence of the detected edge of the oscillating signal and the edge of the reference clock signal. | 09-18-2014 |
20150015343 | DEVICES AND METHODS FOR REDUCING NOISE IN DIGITALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATORS - One feature pertains to a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) that comprises a variable capacitor and noise reduction circuitry. The variable capacitor has a variable capacitance value that controls an output frequency of the DCO. The variable capacitance value is based on a first bank capacitance value provided by a first capacitor bank, a second bank capacitance value provided by a second capacitor bank, and an auxiliary bank capacitance value provided by an auxiliary capacitor bank. The noise reduction circuitry is adapted to adjust the variable capacitance value by adjusting the auxiliary bank capacitance value while maintaining at least one of the first bank capacitance value and/or the second bank capacitance value substantially unchanged. Prior to adjusting the variable capacitance value, the noise reduction circuitry may determine that a received input DCO control word transitions across a capacitor bank sensitive boundary. | 01-15-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100026368 | HIGH Q TRANSFORMER DISPOSED AT LEAST PARTLY IN A NON-SEMICONDUCTOR SUBSTRATE - An assembly involves an integrated circuit die that is bonded, e.g., flip-chip bonded, to a non-semiconductor substrate by a plurality of low-resistance microbumps. In one novel aspect, at least a part of a novel high-frequency transformer is disposed in the non-semiconductor substrate where the non-semiconductor substrate is the substrate of a ball grid array (BGA) integrated circuit package. At least one of the low-resistance microbumps connects the part of the transformer in the substrate to a circuit in the integrated circuit die. At two gigahertz, the novel transformer has a coupling coefficient k of at least at least 0.4 and also has a transformer quality factor Q of at least ten. The novel transformer structure sees use in coupling differential outputs of a mixer to a single-ended input of a driver amplifier in a transmit chain of an RF transceiver within a cellular telephone. | 02-04-2010 |
20100029223 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING PHASE ROTATION AT BASEBAND FREQUENCY FOR TRANSMIT DIVERSITY - An apparatus for implementing phase rotation at baseband frequency for transmit diversity may include a primary transmit signal path and a diversity transmit signal path. Both the primary transmit signal path and the diversity transmit signal path may receive a primary transmit signal. A signal selector within the diversity transmit signal path may perform phase rotation with respect to the primary transmit signal while the primary transmit signal is at a baseband frequency, thereby producing a diversity transmit signal. | 02-04-2010 |
20110007839 | SPUR CANCELLATION IN A DIGITAL BASEBAND TRANSMIT SIGNAL USING CANCELLING TONES - A method for reducing spurs within a transmit signal is disclosed. A cancelling tone is determined. The cancelling tone is added to a baseband transmit signal in the digital domain to obtain a baseband transmit signal with cancelling tone. A spur in the transmit signal is reduced using the cancelling tone. The transmit signal with the reduced spur is transmitted using an antenna. | 01-13-2011 |
20110133766 | TRANSFORMER WITHIN WAFER TEST PROBE - A wafer test probe for testing integrated circuitry on a die is disclosed. The wafer test probe includes a membrane core. The wafer test probe also includes circuitry within the membrane core. The circuitry within the membrane core includes at least one portion of an inductor. The wafer test probe further includes a probe tip. | 06-09-2011 |
20120161890 | WIDEBAND MULTI-MODE VCO - A VCO includes a transformer-based resonator that has a first LC tank and a second LC tank. The resonator has an even resonant mode and an odd resonant mode. The VCO further includes an active transconductance network that is coupled to a two-terminal port of the first tank and is also coupled to a two-terminal port of the second tank. A first terminal of the port of the first tank is capacitively coupled to a first terminal of the port of the second tank. A second terminal of the port of the first tank is capacitively coupled to a second terminal of the port of the second tank. The active transconductance network causes the resonator to resonate in a selectable one of the even and odd resonant modes depending on a digital control signal. The VCO is fine tuned by changing the capacitances of capacitors of the tanks. | 06-28-2012 |
20120212300 | VARACTORLESS TUNABLE OSCILLATOR - A tunable oscillator circuit is disclosed. The tunable oscillator circuit includes an inductor/capacitor (LC) tank circuit comprising a primary inductor coupled in parallel with a first capacitor bank. The LC tank resonates to produce an oscillating voltage at a frequency. The tunable oscillator circuit also includes a 90 degree phase shift buffer coupled to the LC tank and a transconductor. The transconductor is coupled to the 90 degree phase shift buffer and a secondary inductor. The tunable oscillator circuit also includes a secondary inductor that is inductively coupled to the primary inductor and receives a gain-scaled oscillating current from the transconductor. By changing the transconductance, the gain-scaled oscillating current in the secondary inductor will change, thus the effective primary inductance and the oscillation frequency can be tuned. | 08-23-2012 |
20140009236 | CONFIGURABLE MULTI-MODE OSCILLATORS - Multi-mode oscillators supporting multiple modes and having different desirable characteristics (e.g., good phase noise or low power consumption) in different modes are disclosed. In an exemplary design, an apparatus includes first and second transistors of a first transistor type (e.g., NMOS transistors) and third and fourth transistors of a second transistor type (e.g., PMOS transistors) for a multi-mode oscillator. The third and fourth transistors are coupled (e.g., directly) to the first and second transistors. The first and second transistors are enabled in a first mode to provide signal gain for the oscillator and generate an oscillator signal in the first mode. The first to fourth transistors are enabled in a second mode to provide signal gain for the oscillator and generate the oscillator signal in the second mode. Different supply voltages may be provided at different supply nodes of the oscillator in the first and second modes. | 01-09-2014 |
20140028411 | BUFFER INPUT IMPEDANCE COMPENSATION IN A REFERENCE CLOCK SIGNAL BUFFER - A system for managing a reference clock signal includes an XO; a signal buffer coupled to the XO and configured to drive a reference clock signal generated by the XO; and a first IC coupled to the signal buffer. The first IC includes an XO input buffer configured to receive the reference clock signal, to switch between an enabled, operational state and a disabled state, and to have a first operational impedance while in the enabled state; an impedance equivalence circuit configured to be in an enabled, operational state when the XO input buffer is in its disabled state and vice versa and to have a second operational impedance while in the enabled state that is equivalent to the first operational impedance; and a control mechanism configured to switch the XO input buffer and the impedance equivalence circuit between the enabled state and the disabled state. | 01-30-2014 |
20140031076 | SYSTEM AND METHOD OF DETERMINING AN OSCILLATOR GAIN - A method includes generating a first signal based on a difference between a first frequency of a first voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and a second frequency of a second VCO. The method further includes determining a gain of the first VCO at least partially based on the first signal. | 01-30-2014 |
20140106681 | Ku ADAPTATION FOR PHASE-LOCKED LOOP WITH TWO-POINT MODULATION - A wireless device includes: an antenna; and a polar-modulation transmitter coupled to the antenna and configured for two-point modulation, the transmitter including: a data input; a first signal path including a multiplier coupled to the data input and a voltage-controlled oscillator gain adaptation module coupled to the multiplier and configured to provide a gain value to the multiplier; and a second signal path coupled to the data input and including an analog phase-locked loop (PLL) including a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) coupled to the first signal path. | 04-17-2014 |
20140218124 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR GENERATING AN OSCILLATING OUTPUT SIGNAL - An apparatus for generating an oscillating output signal includes an inductive-capacitive (LC) circuit and a current tuning circuit. The LC circuit includes a primary inductor and a varactor coupled to the primary inductor. A capacitance of the varactor is responsive to a voltage at a control input of the varactor. The current tuning circuit includes a secondary inductor and a current driving circuit coupled to the secondary inductor. The current driving circuit is responsive to a current at a control input of the current driving circuit. An effective inductance of the primary inductor is adjustable via magnetic coupling to the secondary inductor, and a frequency of the oscillating output signal is responsive to the effective inductance of the primary inductor and to the capacitance of the varactor. | 08-07-2014 |
20140241335 | PHASE-LOCKED LOOP USING DUAL LOOP MODE TO ACHIEVE FAST RESETTLING - A PLL operates in a first low bandwidth mode using a first control loop and in a second high bandwidth mode using a second control loop. The PLL includes a VCO that generates an output signal at a desired frequency used by a transmitter. When the transmitter switches from a High Power mode (HP TX) to a Low Power mode (LP TX), the PLL is perturbed (VCO no longer generates the desired frequency) and must resettle within an allocated time. In one example, the VCO frequency is 3.96 GHz and the settling time requirement is 25 microseconds. Upon switching from HP TX to LP TX, the PLL is switched to the second high bandwidth mode 15 microseconds and is then switched back to the first low bandwidth mode. The PLL resettles to within 1 ppm of the initial VCO frequency of 3.96 GHz within the allocated 25 microseconds. | 08-28-2014 |
20140266471 | PROGRAMMABLE FREQUENCY DIVIDER FOR LOCAL OSCILLATOR GENERATION - A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product are provided. The apparatus generates LO signals. The apparatus includes a LO generator module and an injection signal generator module coupled together. The LO generator module has a plurality of LO outputs and a plurality of injection signal inputs. The LO module is configured to generate the LO signals on the LO outputs based on injection signals received on the injection signal inputs. The injection signal generator module has a plurality of LO inputs and a plurality of injection signal outputs. The LO inputs are coupled to the LO outputs. The injection signal outputs are coupled to the injection signal inputs. The injection signal generator module is configured to generate injection signals on the injection signal outputs based on the LO signals received on the LO inputs and based on a received VCO signal. | 09-18-2014 |
20140266479 | HYBRID VOLTAGE CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR - A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product are provided. The apparatus provides a VCO signal. The apparatus is a VCO. The apparatus includes a first transconductance circuit. The apparatus further includes a second transconductance circuit coupled with the first transconductance circuit. The second transconductance circuit has a first configuration/mode (e.g., CMOS configuration/mode) and a second configuration/mode (e.g., NMOS configuration/mode or PMOS configuration/mode). The second transconductance circuit is configured to couple an input of the second transconductance circuit to the first transconductance circuit in the first configuration/mode. The second transconductance circuit is configured to isolate the input of the second transconductance circuit from the first transconductance circuit in the second configuration/mode. The second transconductance circuit may include a first transistor and a second transistor, and the input may be a gate of each of the first transistor and the second transistor. | 09-18-2014 |
20150237583 | CURRENT-EFFICIENT LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER (LNA) - A device includes a multi-mode low noise amplifier (LNA) having a first amplifier stage, and a second amplifier stage coupled to the first amplifier stage, the second amplifier stage having a plurality of amplification paths configured to amplify a plurality of carrier frequencies, the first amplifier stage configured to bypass the second amplifier stage when the first amplifier stage is configured to amplify a single carrier frequency. | 08-20-2015 |
20150295583 | LOCKING MULTIPLE VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED OSCILLATORS WITH A SINGLE PHASE-LOCKED LOOP - Locking multiple VCOs to generate a plurality of LO frequencies, including: receiving a plurality of divided VCO feedback signals from a plurality of VCOs; receiving a reference signal multiplied by a predetermined number of the plurality of VCOs; generating and processing the predetermined number of phase differences between the multiplied reference signal and the plurality of divided VCO feedback signals in a single PLL circuit including a digital loop filter to receive and process the phase differences and generate (produce) a filter output, wherein the digital loop filter includes a plurality of delay cells equal to the predetermined number; and generating and outputting (delayed) control voltages for the plurality of VCOs based on the filter output. | 10-15-2015 |
20150333761 | VCO-COUPLING MITIGATION IN A MULTIPLE-CARRIER, CARRIER AGGREGATION RECEIVER - Aspects of a wireless apparatus for configuring a plurality of VCOs are provided. The apparatus may be a UE. The UE receives a configuration for a plurality of carriers. Each carrier corresponds to a different LO frequency. In addition, the UE determines a VCO frequency for generating each LO frequency. Further, the UE assigns each determined VCO frequency to each of a plurality of VCO modules based on a distance between the VCO modules and each of the determined VCO frequencies. The plurality of VCO modules are of a set of VCO modules including at least three VCO modules. | 11-19-2015 |
20150333815 | MULTI-WAY DIVERSITY RECEIVER WITH MULTIPLE SYNTHESIZERS IN A CARRIER AGGREGATION TRANSCEIVER - Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide multi-way diversity receivers with multiple synthesizers. Such a multi-way diversity receiver may be implemented in a carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver. One example wireless reception diversity circuit generally includes three or more receive paths for processing received signals and two or more frequency synthesizing circuits configured to generate local oscillating signals to downconvert the received signals. Each of the frequency synthesizing circuits is shared by at most two of the receive paths, and each pair of the frequency synthesizing circuits may generate a pair of local oscillating signals having the same frequency. | 11-19-2015 |
20150333941 | RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) FRONT END HAVING MULTIPLE LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER MODULES - A radio frequency (RF) front end having multiple low noise amplifiers modules is disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, an apparatus includes at least one first stage amplifier configured to amplify received carrier signals to generate at least one first stage carrier group. Each first stage carrier group includes a respective portion of the carrier signals. The apparatus also includes second stage amplifiers configured to amplify the first stage carrier groups. Each second stage amplifier configured to amplify a respective first stage carrier group to generate two second stage output signals that may be output to different demodulation stages where each demodulation stage demodulates a selected carrier signal. | 11-19-2015 |
20150333949 | MULTIPLEX MODULES FOR CARRIER AGGREGATION RECEIVERS - Multiplex modules for use in carrier aggregation receivers are disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, an apparatus includes an LNA multiplexer configured to receive a plurality of RF signals at a plurality of input terminals and to combine the RF signals into a combined RF signal that is output from an output terminal The apparatus also includes an LNA demultiplexer configured to receive the combined RF signal at an input port that is connected to the output terminal and to distribute the combined RF signal to a plurality of output ports. | 11-19-2015 |
20150334710 | DYNAMIC LOCAL OSCILLATOR (LO) SCHEME AND SWITCHABLE RECEIVE (RX) CHAIN FOR CARRIER AGGREGATION - Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for dynamically adjusting a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) frequency, a local oscillator (LO) divider ratio, and/or a receive path when adding or discontinuing reception of a component carrier (CC) in a carrier aggregation (CA) scheme. This dynamic adjustment is utilized to avoid (or at least reduce) VCO, LO, and transmit signal coupling issues with multiple component carriers, with minimal (or at least reduced) current consumption by the VCO and the LO divider. | 11-19-2015 |
20150334711 | Avoiding Spurious Responses with Reconfigurable LO Dividers - Methods and apparatus including: setting up a plurality of configurations for a plurality of local oscillator (LO) paths of a carrier aggregation (CA) transceiver operating with a plurality of bands; calculating and comparing frequencies for each LO path of the plurality of LO paths and at least one divider ratio of LO dividers for each band of the plurality of bands to identify frequency conflicts; and reconfiguring the LO dividers for the plurality of LO paths and the plurality of bands when the frequency conflicts are identified. | 11-19-2015 |
20150349722 | Dual Stage Carrier-Aggregation (CA) Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) Having Harmonic Rejection and High Linearity - A device includes a load circuit configured to receive an amplified communication signal, the load circuit having a center tapped inductor structure configured to divide the amplified communication signal into a first portion and a second portion, the load circuit configured to resonate at a harmonic of the amplified communication signal. | 12-03-2015 |
20150349724 | DISTORTION CANCELLATION FOR DUAL STAGE CARRIER-AGGREGATION (CA) LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER (LNA) NON-LINEAR SECOND ORDER PRODUCTS - A device includes a main two-stage low noise amplifier (LNA) configured to amplify a carrier aggregation (CA) communication signal, the main two-stage LNA comprising a first LNA stage and a second LNA stage, an output of the first LNA stage having a first stage second order intermodulation product, the second LNA stage comprising a phase-inverter configured to phase-invert the output of the first LNA stage to generate a second stage phase-inverted output, and an auxiliary LNA stage coupled to the main two-stage LNA, the auxiliary LNA stage configured to cancel the first stage second order intermodulation product. | 12-03-2015 |
20150349907 | Reconfigurable Multi-Mode Transceiver - Reconfiguring a transceiver design using a plurality of frequency synthesizers and a plurality of carrier aggregation (CA) receiver (Rx) and transmitter (Tx) chains, the method including: connecting a first frequency synthesizer to a first CA Tx chain; connecting the plurality of frequency synthesizers to the plurality of CA Rx chains, wherein a second frequency synthesizer of the plurality of frequency synthesizers is connected as a shared synthesizer to a first CA Rx chain and a second CA Tx chain. | 12-03-2015 |
20160065195 | MULTIPHASE OSCILLATING SIGNAL GENERATION AND ACCURATE FAST FREQUENCY ESTIMATION - Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for generating multiple oscillating signals having different phases. One example multiphase generating circuit generally includes a first phase shifting circuit configured to phase shift an input signal having an input frequency, such that an output signal of the first phase shifting circuit has a first phase difference with respect to the input signal; a first frequency dividing circuit configured to receive the input signal and output a first set of signals having a first frequency less than the input frequency of the input signal; and a second frequency dividing circuit configured to receive the output signal of the first phase shifting circuit and output a second set of signals having a second frequency less than the input frequency of the input signal. The multiphase signals may be used for fast frequency estimation of the input signal or in N-path filters. | 03-03-2016 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090136982 | CELL SEPARATION USING MICROCHANNEL HAVING PATTERNED POSTS - A micro now device ( | 05-28-2009 |
20090292234 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF BLOOD-BASED THERAPIES HAVING A MICROFLUIDIC MEMBRANELESS EXCHANGE DEVICE - The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid. | 11-26-2009 |
20100004578 | APPARATUS AND SYSTEMS FOR MEMBRANELESS SEPARATION OF FLUIDS - The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of small molecules, middle molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid. | 01-07-2010 |
20100167337 | DEVICE FOR CELL SEPARATION AND ANALYSIS AND METHOD OF USING - A microflow device for separating or isolating cells from a bodily fluid or other liquid sample uses a flow path where straight-line flow is interrupted by a pattern of transverse posts which are arranged across the width of a collection region in an irregular or set random pattern so as to disrupt streamlined flow. Sequestering agents, such as Abs, are attached to all surfaces in the collection region via a hydrophilic permeable hydrogel coating. The collection region is formed as a cavity in a body molded from PDMS, which flexible body is sandwiched between a glass slide or comparable flat plate and a rigid top cap plate, both of which are pressed into abutting relation with the PDMS body by a heat-shrunk polymeric sleeve. Following cell separation and washing, cells can be released from the sequestering agents and the device centrifuged to force said cells to collect adjacent the hydrogel-coated slide or plate. Slitting the polymeric sleeve allows the body to then be peeled from the slide or plate, using an integral tab, to expose the separated cells on the top surface thereof for ready microscopic examination. | 07-01-2010 |
20110056884 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF BLOOD-BASED THERAPIES HAVING A MICROFLUIDIC MEMBRANELESS EXCHANGE DEVICE - The present invention is directed to devices, systems and methods for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The invention is useful in a variety of situations where a sample fluid is to be purified via a diffusion mechanism against an extractor fluid. Moreover, the invention may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of ‘small’ molecules, ‘middle’ molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid. | 03-10-2011 |
20120061304 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MEMBRANELESS DIALYSIS - Devices, systems and methods are disclosed for removing undesirable materials from a sample fluid by contact with a second fluid. The sample fluid flows as a thin layer adjacent to, or between, concurrently flowing layers of the second fluid, without an intervening membrane. In various embodiments, a secondary separator is used to restrict the removal of desirable substances and effect the removal of undesirable substances from blood. The embodiments may be used for the removal of components from a sample fluid that vary in size. When blood is the sample fluid, for example, this may include the removal of small molecules, middle molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular aggregates, and cells, from the blood sample to the extractor fluid. | 03-15-2012 |
20120258475 | RECOVERY OF RARE CELLS USING A MICROCHANNEL APPARATUS WITH PATTERNED POSTS - A microflow apparatus for separating or isolating cells from a bodily fluid or other liquid sample uses a flow path where straight-line flow is interrupted by a pattern of transverse posts. The posts are spaced across the width of a collection region in the flow path, extending between the upper and lower surfaces thereof; they have rectilinear surfaces, have arcuate cross-sections, and are randomly arranged so as to disrupt streamlined flow. Sequestering agents, such as Abs, are attached to all surfaces in the collection region via a hydrophilic coating, preferably a hydrogel containing isocyanate moieties or a PEG or polyglycine of substantial length, and are highly effective in capturing cells or other targeted biomolecules as a result of such streamlined flow disruption. | 10-11-2012 |
20130121895 | CELL SEPARATION USING MICROCHANNEL HAVING PATTERNED POSTS - A micro flow device ( | 05-16-2013 |