Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100032734 | MINIATURE IMAGE SENSOR - An image sensor including at least one photodiode and at least one transistor formed in and on a silicon substrate, the assembly of the photodiode and of the transistor being surrounded with a heavily-doped insulating wall, wherein the silicon substrate has a crystal orientation (110). | 02-11-2010 |
20130026546 | INTEGRATED CIRCUIT COMPRISING AN ISOLATING TRENCH AND CORRESPONDING METHOD - An integrated circuit including at least one isolating trench that delimits an active area made of a monocrystalline semiconductor material, the or each trench including an upper portion including an insulating layer that encapsulates a lower portion of the trench, the lower portion being at least partly buried in the active area and the encapsulation layer including nitrogen or carbon. | 01-31-2013 |
20130154051 | METHOD FOR FORMING A DEEP TRENCH IN A MICROELECTRONIC COMPONENT SUBSTRATE - A trench is formed in a semiconductor substrate by depositing an etch mask on the substrate having an opening, etching of the trench through the opening, and doping the walls of the trench. The etching step includes a first phase having an etch power set to etch the substrate under the etch mask, and a second phase having an etch power set smaller than the power of the first phase. Further, the doping of the walls of the trench is applied through the opening of the etch mask. | 06-20-2013 |
20140145251 | METHOD FOR FORMING AN INSULATING TRENCH IN A SEMICONDUCTOR SUBSTRATE AND STRUCTURE, ESPECIALLY CMOS IMAGE SENSOR, OBTAINED BY SAID METHOD - A structure comprising at least one DTI-type insulating trench in a substrate, the trench being at the periphery of at least one active area of the substrate forming a pixel, the insulating trench including a cavity filled with a dielectric material, the internal walls of the cavity being covered with a layer made of a boron-doped material. | 05-29-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110029687 | DATA TRANSMISSION IN A RING-TYPE COMMUNICATION NETWORK - Exemplary embodiments are directed to deterministic data transmission of real-time operational data in Highly available, Seamlessly Redundant (HSR) ring-type communication networks with at least a master node, a source node, and a destination node. Each node can include first and second communication ports connected to a respective first and second neighbouring node of the communication network, to receive a frame via the first communication port, and to forward the received frame via the second communication port. The master node sends a first and a second redundant frame or empty data packet to its first and second neighbouring node, respectively. Upon reception of the two redundant frames, the source node inserts process data into a predetermined and dedicated field of each frame. Each one of the two loaded redundant frames is instantaneously and individually forwarded to the first and the second neighbouring node of the source node, respectively. The destination node extracts the process data from the first arriving loaded redundant frame of the pair. | 02-03-2011 |
20110112699 | SUBSTATION AUTOMATION WITH REDUNDANT PROTECTION - Exemplary embodiments are directed to a redundancy scheme for bay protection in Substation Automation (SA) that prevents a single failing Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) of the SA system from impairing the operation of a bay of a substation. A protection IED assigned to a home or host bay of a substation of an electric power system performs the protection functions of the bay to which it is assigned, plus protection functions of at least one of its neighboring bays. As a result, each bay can be managed by two different protection IEDs, wherein redundancy is achieved without a dedicated redundant protection IED for each bay. Whenever required to do so, the protection IED receives, from appropriate sensors, information about a status or value of a process quantity from the neighboring bay, computes or executes protection functionality such as overcurrent, overvoltage or earth fault on behalf of the neighboring bay, and issues commands directed to actuators of said neighboring bay. | 05-12-2011 |
20110135047 | TIME SYNCHRONIZATION IN INDUSTRIAL PROCESS CONTROL OR AUTOMATION SYSTEMS - Improved time synchronization is provided among the devices of an industrial process control system, e.g., a Substation Automation system, during a temporary absence of a system reference time. Hence, disruption of time-critical protection and control functions due to re-synchronization following the temporary absence of the system reference time is avoided, and the availability of time-critical functions configured on the devices is increased. During normal operation, a device of the system records an offset or discrepancy between the system reference time and an internal local clock of the device for a period of several hours. As soon as the system reference time breaks down, the device starts predicting the offset or drift between its local clock and the unavailable system reference time based on the recorded offset history. As a transient clock master, the device then distributes an approximated or transient system reference time, based on the device's local clock corrected for the predicted offset, to other devices of the system which, in turn, run time-critical protection and control functions. | 06-09-2011 |
20110257806 | IED FOR, AND METHOD OF ENGINEERING, AND SA SYSTEM - Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) for Substation Automation (SA), such as bay units or substation PCs, are equipped with a Central Processing Unit CPU that includes a first processing core dedicated and configured to execute Protection and Control applications, and a second processing core, or network core, dedicated and configured to handle or decode network communication traffic. The network core performs computationally expensive pre-processing and/or post-processing functionality on top of the 9-2 communication stack. A plurality of network cores or a plurality of network interfaces may be provided to cope with the expected amount of IEC 61850 9-2 traffic. | 10-20-2011 |
20110307114 | SUBSTATION AUTOMATION DEVICE AND SYSTEM - Exemplary embodiments provide separate SA system-level functionalities or tasks, which are conventionally performed by a multitude of distinct station-level devices, through a single SA device having a plurality of Processing Units (PU). The latter are either distinct Central Processing Units (CPUs) mounted on the same processor board, or distinct processing cores of a single multi-core CPU sharing the same Random Access Memory (RAM). Virtualization techniques are used in supporting multiple instances of Operating Systems (OS) on the plurality of PUs, to create distinct and mutually isolated execution environments are created. Each of these execution environments hosts a single functionality out of a Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) functionality, a gateway functionality, an engineering workplace functionality, and a firewall functionality. | 12-15-2011 |
20120123603 | SUBSTATION AUTOMATION SYSTEM WITH PROTECTION FUNCTIONS - A Substation Automation (SA) system is configured to perform protection functions for a bay of an electrical power distribution substation, receive, via a communication link, redundancy protection commands from a remote center, and execute the redundancy protection commands for the bay. The SA system is configured to transmit to a redundant protection server of the remote center, process values measured by measurement equipment of the substation, and to receive, from the redundant protection server, and forward, via the process bus, the received redundancy protection commands directed to operating equipment of the substation. Thus, for multiple SA systems, redundant protection functions are implemented and provided cost-efficiently by one common remote central unit. | 05-17-2012 |
20120163521 | SECURE CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION - The present disclosure provides a secure one-step IEEE 1588 clock using either a symmetric or asymmetric protection scheme. Clocks of mission-critical or highly-available devices in industrial automation systems connected to a communication network are synchronized by sending, by a master clock, a synchronization message, e.g., a single message of the one-step-clock type according to IEEE 1588, including a time stamp, and by receiving and evaluating, by a slave clock, the synchronization message. A synchronization component or module of the master clock prepares, or composes, prior to a projected send time, a synchronization message including a time stamp of the projected send time, and secures the synchronization message in advance of the projected send time. Securing the synchronization message occurs by suitable cryptographic means allowing for authentication of the time stamp at a receiving slave clock. At the projected send time, the secured synchronization message is transmitted. | 06-28-2012 |
20120226367 | REDUNDANT CONTROL FOR A PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM - Exemplary methods and systems are directed to a process control system having a main control device for controlling a primary equipment of the primary system and a backup control device for controlling the primary equipment in case of a failure of the first control device. A command redirection device for the process control system, is adapted to receive a control command destined to the main control device, and to redirect, in the event of a failure of the main control device, said control command to the backup control device. | 09-06-2012 |
20120239320 | RELIABILITY CALCULATION FOR SUBSTATION AUTOMATION SYSTEMS - A method and device automatically extract, to a maximum extent, reliability-relevant information from a Substation Configuration Description (SCD) file describing an electric power transmission or distribution substation. The information in the SCD file is used to identify the physical topology of a communication network of a Substation Automation (SA) system, and all dataflow relating to a given SA functionality or Logical Node (LN). An LN reliability measure for the latter is calculated, involving reliability indications specific to each element or device participating in the dataflow. A number of LN reliability measures are consolidated to produce an overall reliability for the SA system architecture or communication network topology. The method and tool minimize the engineering effort required to perform a reliability calculation, and thus allow comparing the reliability of different SA architectures with minimal effort and intervention of a reliability engineer. | 09-20-2012 |
20130128895 | FRAME TRANSMISSION AND COMMUNICATION NETWORK - Exemplary embodiments are directed to a communication network interconnecting a plurality of synchronized nodes, where regular frames including time-critical data are transmitted periodically or cyclically, and sporadic frames are transmitted non-periodically or occasionally. For example, each node can transmit a regular frame at the beginning of a transmission period common to, and synchronized among, all nodes. Another node then receives regular frames from its first neighboring node, and forwards the frames within the same transmission period and with the shortest delay, to a second neighboring node. Furthermore, each node actively delays transmission of any sporadic frame, whether originating from an application hosted by the node itself or whether received from a neighboring node, until forwarding of all received regular frames is completed. | 05-23-2013 |