52nd week of 2012 patent applcation highlights part 15 |
Patent application number | Title | Published |
20120326016 | TWO-DIMENSIONAL ABSOLUTE ENCODER AND SCALE THEREFOR - A two-dimensional absolute encoder includes; a scale on which marks are arranged at predetermined pitches along first and second directions; a detector configured to detect a number of marks arranged in each direction; and a processor configured to obtain an absolute position of the scale in the each direction based on outputs from the detector. Each mark has one of characteristic corresponding to information of a quantized code used for indicating a position in the each direction. The processor is configured to generate a code sequence including the number of codes based on detection of the number of marks and information corresponding to the characteristic, and to obtain an absolute position of the scale in the each direction based on the code sequence. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326017 | METHOD OF CALCULATING FORMATION CHARACTERISTICS - A method of calculating a formation characteristic includes measuring with at least two detectors spaced apart from each other an intensity of gamma rays, and calculating the formation characteristic by calculating a ratio of the intensity of the gamma rays detected by the two detectors. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326018 | HIGH-SPEED PARTICLE DETECTOR FOR DISCRIMINATING CHARGE STATES OF IONS - Detected ion charge states are discriminated in a mass spectrograph using a superconducting stripline detector (SSLD) as the detector thereof. A set of mass spectra of the singly charged or higher ions, the doubly charged or higher ions, the triply charged or higher ions (and successively higher ion charge states) are determined by measuring the mass spectra successively while decreasing the bias current flowing through the superconducting stripline detector. Then, the data of singly charged ions alone can be determined by subtracting the data of the doubly charged or higher ions from the data of the singly charged or higher ions. In a similar manner, the data of doubly charged ions alone, the data of triply charged ions alone (and similarly successively multiply charged ions) can also be determined. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326019 | Method Of Mass Spectrometry - This invention comprises a method of imaging of a substrate in which a sample of interest is first ionized at multiple known positions whereafter a mass spectrum of the ionized sample at each of the multiple known positions is produced using a Mass Spectrometer. An overall spectrum for the whole sample is then created, and a number of peaks within the overall spectrum is selected. A scan distribution for at least some of the selected peaks is created, and the scan distributions are compared to identify correlations between different analytes within the sample. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326020 | Ion mobility spectrometer device with embedded faims - A tandem instrument using a variable frequency pulsed ionization source and two separation techniques, low (IMS) and high (FAIMS) field mobility is provided. The analytical stage features a field driven FAIMS cell embedded on-axis within the IMS drift tube. The FAIMS cell includes two parallel grids of approximately the same diameter as the IMS rings and can be placed anywhere along the drift tube and biased according to their location in the voltage divider ladder to create the same IMS field. The spacing between the grids constitutes the analytical gap where ions are subject, in addition to the drift field, to the asymmetric dispersive field of the FAIMS. The oscillatory motion performed during the high and low voltages of the asymmetric waveform separates the ions according to the difference in their mobilities. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326021 | Mass Spectrometry Device and Method Using Ion-Molecule Reaction Ionization - A mass spectrometer that performs ion-molecule reaction ionization and accurately performs qualitative/quantitative analysis on a sample containing multi-components for a short time is achieved without an increase in the size of the device. A plurality of ion sources ( | 2012-12-27 |
20120326022 | MASS SPECTROMETER AND MASS ANALYZING METHOD - A mass spectrometer including a sample attaching member of attaching a sample, an ionizing chamber including an introductory port of the sample attaching member and an ionization source of generating a sample ion, a vacuumed chamber having a mass analyzer of analyzing the sample ion, and an opening/closing mechanism provided between the ionizing chamber and the vacuumed chamber, in which the opening/closing mechanism is controlled from a closed state to an open state after introducing the sample attaching member into the ionizing chamber to thereby enable to perform ionization with inconsiderable fragmentation at a high sensitivity with a high throughput | 2012-12-27 |
20120326023 | ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETER to MASS SPECTROMETER INTERFACE - A method and apparatus are described herein for the interface of an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) to a mass spectrometer (MS) that utilizes collisional focusing, through internal modification. Commercial standalone IMS instrumentation cannot be combined in tandem with a commercially available MS that utilizes collisional focusing due to the physics of the differentially pumped interface of the MS being an unsuitable environment for an IMS measurement. The invention provides for transfer of the ion beam from the IMS to the MS without distortion of the chemical species or temporal profile due to large scale collisions in the differentially pumped interface, by increasing the electric field strength between the orifice and skimmer, and decreasing the pressure in the differentially pumped interface, thereby reducing the number of background gas collisions encountered by the ion beam during transit from the IMS to the MS. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326024 | Detection Method for an Ion Migration Spectrum and an Ion Migration Spectrometer Using the Same Method - A detection apparatus and method for an ion migration spectrum include acquiring an ion migration spectrum of pure carrier gas and an ion migration spectrum of carrier gas containing a test substance sample and performing differential process on the ion migration spectrum of the pure carrier gas and the ion migration spectrum of the carrier gas containing the test substance sample to acquire a differential spectrum. The value of a characteristic peak of the differential spectrum represents properties of the sample of substances. The method avoids interferences on the migration spectrum from interference sources of the apparatus itself, thereby improving detection sensitivity and accuracy of the ion migration spectrum, and migration spectrum shift caused by variations in the environmental conditions can be found and corrected through the differential process on the migration spectrum of the pure carrier gas, thereby achieving self-stableness and self-correction of the ion migration spectrometer. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326025 | DIAGNOSING PROSTATE CANCER RELAPSE - The invention discloses the use of at least one substance selected from the group consisting of Phosphatidylcholine with diacyl residue sum C24:0 (PC aa C24:0); Phosphatidylcholine with diacyl residue sum C40:3 (PC ae C40:3); Phosphatidylcholine with diacyl residue sum C40:4 (PC ae C40:4); Lysophosphatidylcholine with acyl residue sum C26:0 (lysoPC a C26:0); Lysophosphatidylcholine with acyl residue sum C6:0 (lysoPC a C6:0); 13(S)-hydroxy-9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid (13S-HODE); 12(S)-hydroxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HETE); 15(S)-hydroxy-5Z,8Z,11Z,13E-eicosatetraenoic acid (15S-HETE); Leukotriene B4 (LTB4); Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2); Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2); 7α-Hydroxycholesterol (7aOHC); 7-Ketocholesterol (7KC); 5β,6β-Epoxycholesterol (5b,6b,EPC); 5g302,6g302-Epoxycholesterol (5a,6a,EPC); and 4β-Hydroxycholesterol (4BOHC); for prognosticating relapse of a prostate cancer (PCa) in a sample of a body fluid or a tissue sample of a PCa patient. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326026 | PORTABLE ION TRAP MASS SPECTROMETER WITH METAL HYDRIDE CONTAINER AS SOURCE OF HYDROGEN BUFFER GAS - A mass spectrometry (MS) method which includes generating in a vicinity of the quadrupole ion trap hydrogen molecules, directing at least part of the hydrogen molecules into the quadrupole ion trap cell, applying AC and DC voltages to quadrupole ion trap cell electrodes to create a combined AC/DC trapping field, placing sample ions inside the quadrupole ion trap cell, cooling at least part of said ions using said hydrogen molecules as a buffer gas, changing the combined AC/DC trapping field to eject the ions from the quadrupole ion trap cell, and detecting the ejected ions | 2012-12-27 |
20120326027 | MASS SPECTROMETRY METHOD - A mass spectrometry method that corrects the effects from space charge and that achieves both sensitivity and a dynamic range. The mass axis of the mass spectrum is corrected based on the counts of ions accumulated within the ion trap at the point in time each ion was extracted. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326028 | CHARGED PARTICLE BEAM APPARATUS, AND SAMPLE PROCESSING AND OBSERVATION METHOD - An object of the present invention relates to realizing the processing of a sample by charged particle beams and the monitoring of the processed cross section with a high throughput. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326029 | X-Ray Scanners and X-Ray Sources Therefor - The present invention is directed toward an X-ray scanner that has an electron source and an anode. The anode has a target surface with a series of material areas spaced along it in a scanning direction. The material areas are formed from different materials. The electron source is arranged to direct electrons at a series of target areas of the target surface, in a predetermined order, so as to generate X-ray beams having different energy spectra. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326030 | Particle Beam Microscope - A particle beam microscope comprises a magnetic lens | 2012-12-27 |
20120326031 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR APPLYING DUAL ENERGY IMAGING - A medical imaging method comprising generating a radiation at a first energy level by a radiation source, generating a radiation at a second energy level different from the first energy level by the radiation source, emitting the generated radiations at an output of the radiation source towards a detector, and blocking or diverting the emitted radiations during at least one intermediate phase during which the radiation source switches in a transient way from one of the first energy level and the second energy level to the other of the first energy level and the second energy level. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326032 | Particle Beam Microscope - A particle beam microscope comprises a magnetic lens | 2012-12-27 |
20120326033 | METHOD FOR SUPERIMPOSING AND DISPLAYING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE IMAGE AND OPTICAL IMAGE - Firstly, displacement between an electron microscope image and an optical image is minimized; secondly, color information obtained by an optical image device having a digital picture function is added to an electron0 microscope image; and thirdly, a whole structure of equipment is simplified. The main character is that a mirror and backscattered electron detector is used and an electron beam to strike on a specimen and an optical axis from the optical image device coincide with each other. Addition of a function of an optical mirror to a backscattered electron detector permits a whole structure of equipment to be simplified, and a beam axis of an electron microscope and the optical axis of the optical image device to coincide with each other. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326034 | MOTION CORRECTION OF SPECT IMAGES - The present disclosure relates approaches for removing or reducing the effects of motion in parallel and non-parallel data acquisitions using a nuclear medicine imaging system. In certain embodiments, translation vectors are derived based on a registration performed on transaxial slices generated from the acquired projection data. The translation vectors may be employed to update a system matrix such that images generated using the updated system matrix are free or motion artifacts or have reduced motion artifacts. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326035 | DEVICE FOR MEASURING RADIATION INTENSITY OF SMALL SEALED RADIOACTIVE SOURCE FOR CANCER THERAPY - Provided is a radiation intensity measuring apparatus for an encapsulated sealed radioactive source for brachytherapy capable of easily and accurately measuring radiation intensity of sources with a cartridge enclosed under sterile conditions. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326036 | TERAHERTZ WAVE GENERATING DEVICE, CAMERA, IMAGING DEVICE, AND MEASUREMENT DEVICE - A terahertz wave generating device includes a first light source, a second light source and an antenna. The first light source and a second light source are configured and arranged to generate pulsed lights. The antenna is configured and arranged to generate terahertz waves when irradiated by the pulsed lights generated by the first light source and the second light source. The antenna has a pair of electrodes arranged opposite each other with a gap being formed therebetween. The first light source and the second light source are configured and arranged to irradiate the pulsed lights between the electrodes at timings that are offset from each other. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326037 | COATING FILM INSPECTION APPARATUS AND INSPECTION METHOD - The coating film inspection apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a terahertz-wave generator that generates a terahertz-wave; an irradiation optical system that irradiates, with the terahertz-wave, a sample with a film formed thereon; a terahertz-wave detector that detects a terahertz-wave reflected at the sample; and a control unit that shows an electric field intensity of the detected terahertz-wave in wave form data on a time axis to detect a plurality of peaks from the wave form data, and also calculates film thickness on the basis of time difference between peaks. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326038 | IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS - An image forming apparatus includes an image forming section that forms an image on a recording material, a human detecting device that detects a person including an optical sensing unit that converts only an upward light of incident light to the optical sensing unit to an electric signal, and a controller unit that controls the image forming section based on the electric signal. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326039 | TERAHERTZ FREQUENCY DOMAIN SPECTROMETER WITH PHASE MODULATION OF SOURCE LASER BEAM - An apparatus for analyzing, identifying or imaging an target including first and second laser beams coupled to a pair of photoconductive switches to produce CW signals in one or more bands in a range of frequencies greater than 100 GHz focused on, and transmitted through or reflected from the target; and a detector for acquiring spectral information from signals received from the target and using a multi-spectral heterodyne process to generate an electrical signal representative of some characteristics of the target. The lasers are tuned to different frequencies and a phase modulator in the path of one laser beam allows the constructive or destructive interference of the signals on the detector as the laser beams are swept in frequency to be adjusted to achieve greater resolution in one or more selected frequency bands. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326040 | PIXEL, PIXEL ARRAY, IMAGE SENSOR INCLUDING THE SAME, METHOD FOR OPERATING THE IMAGE SENSOR - Disclosed are a pixel, a pixel array, an image sensor including the same, and a method for operating the image sensor. Charges are eliminated from a first photoelectric conversion region of a photoelectric conversion section, and accumulated into the first photoelectric conversion region. Information about quantity of the charges of the first photoelectric conversion region is output, and charges are removed from a second photoelectric conversion region of the photoelectric conversion section. Accumulation of charges into the second photoelectric conversion region is started, and then information about quantity of the charges accumulated in the second photoelectric conversion region is output. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326041 | ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE DETECTION DEVICE - Probe light pulses output from a light source are input to an optical effect unit after the beam diameter is changed by a beam diameter changing optical system, the pulse front is tilted by a pulse front tilting unit, and the beam diameter is adjusted by a beam diameter adjusting optical system. To the optical effect unit, probe light pulses output from the beam diameter adjusting optical system are input, and an electromagnetic wave being an object to be detected is also input. Optical characteristics of the optical effect unit change due to propagation of the electromagnetic wave, and probe light pulses affected by the change in optical characteristics are output from the optical effect unit. The probe light pulses output from the optical effect unit are detected by a photodetector. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326042 | SOLUTION-GROWN CRYSTALS FOR NEUTRON RADIATION DETECTORS, AND METHODS OF SOLUTION GROWTH - An organic crystal according to one embodiment includes an organic crystal comprising diphenylacetylene and stilbene or a stilbene derivative, the crystal having physical characteristics of formation from solution, the organic crystal exhibiting a signal response signature for neutrons from a radioactive source. A system according to one embodiment includes an organic crystal comprising diphenylacetylene and stilbene or a stilbene derivative, the crystal having physical characteristics of formation from solution, the organic crystal exhibiting a signal response signature for neutrons from a radioactive source; and a photodetector for detecting the signal response of the organic crystal. Methods of making such crystals are also provided. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326043 | NEUTRON DETECTION APPARATUS AND A METHOD OF USING THE SAME - A neutron detection apparatus can include a neutron sensor and a photosensor optically coupled to the neutron sensor. In an embodiment, the photosensor includes a box-and-line photomultiplier, and in another embodiment, the photosensor includes a box-and-grid photomultiplier. The neutron detection apparatus provide unexpectedly better pulse shape analysis, pulse shape discrimination, or both. In a particular embodiment, the neutron may also be configured to detect gamma rays. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326044 | DETECTORS AND SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF USING THEM IN IMAGING AND DOSIMETRY - Certain embodiments described herein are directed to devices and systems that can be used for direct and indirect detection of radiation such as X-rays. In certain examples, the device can include a modulator optically coupled to a sensor. In some examples, the modulator can be configured to switch between different states to provide an imaging signal in one state and a dosimetry signal in another state. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326045 | RADIATION MEASUREMENT APPARATUS AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE DIAGNOSIS APPARATUS - The purpose of the present invention is to improve energy resolving power and prevent energy resolving power from deteriorating when a thick semiconductor detection element with a wide energy range is used, in a radiation measuring device using a semiconductor detector and a nuclear medicine diagnostic device. With the present invention, the purpose is achieved by pulsed wave value correction employing the difference of (Hs−Hf) between the pulsed wave height value Hs obtained from the slow speed shaping circuit, and the pulsed wave height value Hf obtained from the fast speed shaping circuit and normalized with respect to Hs. An even more desirable result may be obtained by employing either (Hs−Hf)/Hf or exp(k(Hs−Hf)/Hf), wherein k is a coefficient to be optimized, said optimization being dependent on the measurement assembly. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326046 | WEARABLE RADIATION DETECTOR - Provided herein are a wearable radiation detector and a method of controlling thereof, the detector including: the radiation collection unit operable to collect light and output a signal corresponding to the light collected; a memory; a display unit; a processor operable to receive the signal output by the radiation collection unit, to store a value in the memory corresponding to the signal output by the radiation collection unit, to output an output signal based at least on the signal corresponding to the light collected by the radiation collection unit and to control the display unit to display an indication corresponding to the output signal, wherein the determining includes continually calculating the maximum exposure level based on the light being received by the radiation collection unit. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326047 | Method and System for Detecting Neutron Radiation - A method for detecting neutron radiation in accordance with particular embodiments includes exposing a neutron detector array comprising at least one two-dimensional array of neutron detectors to a first scene of interest. The neutron detector array is based on at least one two-dimensional array of microbolometer detectors. The method also includes receiving a plurality of response values from a corresponding plurality of neutron detectors of the neutron detector array. The method further includes generating a comparison value based on the plurality of response values and a baseline response value. The method additionally, includes determining whether more than a first threshold amount of neutron radiation is being generated by the first scene based on the comparison value. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326048 | Measurement of Formation Porosity Using a Single Gamma Ray Detector - A pulsed neutron source is used in a porosity logging tool with a single gamma ray detector coated with a neutron absorbing material. By using a ratio of the spectral peak associated with hydrogen to a spectral peak associated with the neutron absorbing material, the formation porosity is estimated. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326049 | QUANTUM-COUNTING RADIATION DETECTOR - A quantum-counting radiation detector is disclosed, in particular an x-ray detector. In at least one embodiment, the signals of the individual pixels and the signals of combined pixels are evaluated in parallel processing branches. It is then possible to combine the count results in an appropriate manner, to reduce the influence of unwanted interference effects for the respective application. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326050 | Film Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator-Based High Energy Radiation Detectors and Methods Using the Same - The present invention relates generally to the detection of high energy radiation. The present invention relates more particularly to the film bulk acoustic wave resonator-based devices, and their use in the detection of high energy radiation. One aspect of the invention is a method for detecting high energy radiation, the method comprising providing a film bulk acoustic wave resonator having a zinc oxide piezoelectric layer in substantial contact with a dielectric layer; exposing the film bulk acoustic wave resonator to the high energy radiation; determining the resonant frequency of the film bulk acoustic wave resonator; and determining the dose of high energy radiation using the resonant frequency of the film bulk acoustic wave resonator. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326051 | EXPOSURE APPARATUS AND DEVICE FABRICATION METHOD - The present invention provides an exposure apparatus which forms a pattern on a substrate, the apparatus including an electron optical system configured to guide a charged particle beam onto the substrate, a stage configured to hold the substrate, an electromagnetic actuator configured to drive the stage, a magnetic shield which is placed in the stage so as to surround the electromagnetic actuator, a measurement member configured to measure a position of the stage, a coil member configured to generate a magnetic field on a path of the charged particle beam between the electron optical system and the substrate, and a control member configured to control the coil member so as to reduce a fluctuation of the magnetic field on the path, the magnetic field on the path fluctuating while the stage being driven by the electromagnetic actuator, based on the position of the stage measured by the measurement member. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326052 | SIMULTANEOUS FLUORESCENCE CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY (SFCS) - A fluorescence correlation spectroscopy apparatus for examining a specimen including an illumination grid which includes comprises light-emitting regions for illuminating the specimen; an objective arrangement that images the illumination grid into a focal plane at the location of the specimen; and a receiving grid on a receiver side, wherein after the focal plane, each orifice of the orifice plate of the observation beam path has associated with it a device for spectral dispersion of the light that has returned from the specimen; and at least two radiation receivers are associated with each device for spectral dispersion. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326053 | DEVICE FOR READING OUT EXPOSED IMAGING PLATES - A device for reading out and erasing imaging plates which includes an eraser disposed down-stream of a readout unit at a short distance thereof, said eraser being separated from the readout unit by a light barrier. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326054 | In Situ Photoluminescence Characterization System and Method - A workpiece characterization system for measurement of photoluminescence and/or layer properties of a workpiece. The workpiece characterization system includes an excitation light impinging upon a surface of a workpiece whereby the workpiece emits photoluminescent light. The emitted photoluminescent light may be characterized and correlated for determination of workpiece parameters such as dopant concentrations and LED performance characteristics. Additionally, the workpiece characterization system may also include an illumination impinging upon a surface of said workpiece whereby the illumination source is encoded with layer information from said workpiece. One or both of the lights are selectively collected, and each collected light is angularly and spatially sampled. Layer properties and/or photoluminescence properties of said workpiece may be measured from the selectively collected, and angularly and spatially sampled lights. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326055 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SUB-SURFACE FLUORESCENCE IMAGING - A system for sub-surface fluorescence imaging is provided, the system comprising: an excitation source for selectably emitting light at at least one of at least two excitation wavelengths or wavelength ranges at a target surface; and a light detector for detecting fluorescence emission wavelengths or wavelength ranges from the target surface; wherein at least one of the at least two excitation wavelengths or wavelength ranges causes fluorescing of at least one marker at a sub-surface depth, the emitted light at each of the at least two excitation wavelengths or wavelength ranges having different depths of optical penetration and causing fluorescing at respective different depths. A method for sub-surface fluorescence imaging is also provided, in some cases exemplified by a reconstruction of the sub-surface fluorescence topography. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326056 | GLASS SUBSTRATE LIGHT EMITTING ELEMENT AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING AND LUMINESCENCE THEREOF - A light emitting element ( | 2012-12-27 |
20120326057 | Methods and Systems for Protecting Critical Structures During Radiation Treatment - Methods and systems are provided for protecting a critical structure during the administration of radiation treatment to a patient. A register receives proposed positions for one or more radiation beams with respect to a critical structure. A processor predicts a cumulative dose volume for the critical structure based on the dose distribution, and determines if the cumulative dose volume exceeds a tolerance value. If the cumulative dose volume exceeds the tolerance value, the dose distribution may be translated at least in part based on a relationship between the cumulative dose volume and the dose distribution position. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326058 | COLLECTOR MIRROR ASSEMBLY AND EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT SOURCE DEVICE USING SAID COLLECTOR MIRROR ASSEMBLY - A deterioration of the collector performance in an extreme ultraviolet light source device due to a heat deformation of the collector mirror assembly is to be prevented. The collector mirror assembly used in the extreme ultraviolet light source device comprises a plurality of reflective shells | 2012-12-27 |
20120326059 | Composite Segment Collimators for SPECT Without Dead Zones - A multi-view composite collimator includes a first parallel collimator segment having a plurality of collimator channels oriented at a first slant angle and a second parallel collimator segment adjacent to the first parallel collimator segment having a plurality of collimator channels oriented at a second slant angle different from the first slant angle and a bridging collimating element is provided between the first and second parallel collimator segments, wherein radiation can pass through the bridging collimating element. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326060 | TESTING METHOD FOR LED WAFER - The current application is directed to an apparatus and a method for parallel testing and sorting of LED dies on a substrate wafer. The apparatus includes a moving stage and a chuck for the wafer, a wafer prober, collecting and imaging optics, sorting and separating optics, and a linear or rectangular array of light detectors. The method of testing includes moving an LED wafer or a test device on an XY stage, connecting the prober to a line of multiple LED dies or several lines of multiple LED dies, referred to as an “array of devices under test” (“ADUT”), measuring the electrical characteristics of the individual devices under test (“DUT”) in parallel, and collecting light from, and identifying the intensity and wavelength distribution of, the individual DUT in parallel. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326061 | Pinch Bar - A pinch bar for a pinch valve is comprised of a coil spring coupled to one end of an actuating rod. An opposite end of the rod is formed with, or is coupled to a device or surface, which applies a pinch force. The actuating rod slides through a fixed-in-place rod actuator. The rod actuator, spring and actuating rod thus provide a mechanism that applies a closing force inwardly, into or directed toward a cabinet attached to which is a valve body for the pinch bar and against which the pinch bar could exert a tube-closing force. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326062 | Slide valve having a housing and a slide element guided within the housing - A slide valve having a housing and a slide element guided within the housing, at least two hydraulic connections being present on the housing, and at least one of the hydraulic connections communicating hydraulically with at least one control port in a cylindrical guide surface that guides the slide element, the control port extending only over a limited distance in the circumferential direction of the guide surface and cooperating with a control edge of the slide element assigned thereto, the slide element having an essentially cylindrical outer contour and at least one end face, and the slide element being produced by injection molding, and at least one injection point being configured on the end face. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326063 | WATER CONTROL CERAMIC VALVE WITH LOWER CERAMIC CHIP HAVING LIMITATION FUNCTIONS - A water control ceramic valve with a lower ceramic chip having limitation functions includes a shell, pedestal, lower ceramic chip, upper ceramic chip, control panel, bearing and brake rod. The lower ceramic chip is assembled directionally over the pedestal, and sealed by the water-stop ring. The top end of the lower ceramic chip is provided with a flat surface. Two water channels and a discharge guide hole are set on the lower ceramic chip correspondingly to two water inlets and a water outlet of the pedestal. A lower ceramic chip spacing ring is positioned securely between the bottom opening of the shell and the pedestal. The spacing ring has a ring wall and limiting flanges protruded from the inner side of the ring wall. The ring wall can be interfaced with the bottom opening of the shell and top surface of the pedestal. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326064 | ELECTRONIC EXPANSION VALVE - An electronic expansion valve ( | 2012-12-27 |
20120326065 | Electromagnetic Valve - An electromagnetic valve ( | 2012-12-27 |
20120326066 | Solenoid Spool Valve - A solenoid spool valve including a spool valve having a sleeve provided with a supply pressure port, a control pressure port, an exhaust port and a spool supported in the sleeve for axial displacement within the sleeve; and an electromagnetic actuator for providing an axial drive force to said spool in a first axial direction; wherein the spool has a first piston with a first land for opening/closing the supply pressure port and a second piston with a second land for opening/closing the exhaust port, wherein the first piston has a larger piston face surface area in fluid communication with the control pressure port than does the second piston. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326067 | ELECTROMAGNET VALVE - An electromagnetic valve with an electromagnetic circuit includes a coil wound onto a coil former, a core, a magnetic return device, a valve closure element, a guide pin, and an armature which is substantially hollow. The armature is mounted so as to be movable with an inwardly directed face on the guide pin. The armature acts at least indirectly on the valve closure element. The guide pin comprises a surface. The surface is arranged to point radially outwards so as to form a first part directed towards the core and a second part directed towards the armature. The first part is configured to be magnetized. The second part is configured not to be magnetized. A control edge is formed between the first part and the second part. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326068 | Vehicle Mountable Arm for Valve Operating Machine - A valve operating device includes a mounting for attachment to a vehicle and an elongate arm, the free end of which is only moveable across the underlying ground. The joints of the arm pivot around vertical axes and the arm is locked into a desired orientation by a brake at each joint. A valve turning machine is at the free end of the arm. The brakes are engaged and released by a control on the valve turning machine. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326069 | STEP TYPE VALVE | 2012-12-27 |
20120326070 | DOUBLE ACTION DIRECTIONAL FLUID FLOW VALVE - A double action directional fluid flow valve includes a stepped piston connected with a poppet valve and moveable by a controller between open and closed positions by applying a continuous pressure to a small diameter piston face and selectively applying and removing pressure from a large diameter piston face to move the poppet valve between an open position and a closed position. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326071 | HIGH-PERFORMANCE THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS - Thermal insulation material capable of being obtained from the mixture of at least the following elements:
| 2012-12-27 |
20120326072 | THERMAL INSULATOR USING CLOSED CELL EXPANDED PERLITE - The present invention relates to a thermal insulator using closed cell expanded perlite. The thermal insulator using closed cell expanded perlite of the present invention includes: expanded perlite 10 to 84 wt %,ç, including dried and expanded perlite ore particles, having a surface with a closed cell shape, as an active ingredient; a liquid binder 15 to 85 wt %; and a reinforcing fiber 0.25 to 5 wt %. Accordingly, the present invention provides a thermal insulator, which enhances the rigidity of expanded perlite, minimizes porosity and gaps between the expanded perlite particles, by reducing compression ratio during compression molding, which results in lower density, improves constructability by lowering thermal conductivity, reduces material and energy costs and can reduce the area required for equipment installation by reducing the thickness of the thermal insulator. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326073 | POLYMER ELECTROLYTES BASED ON POLY(GLYCIDYL ETHER)S - A polymer electrolyte composition including a metal salt and at least one polymer comprising a poly(glycidyl ether), where the at least one polymer is amorphous at ambient temperature. The poly(glycidyl ether) polymer can be a blend of poly(glycidyl ether) polymers, can be a poly(glycidyl ether) polymer blended with a mechanically strong solid polymer, and can be a block of a block copolymer that also includes a polymer block forming a mechanically strong solid polymer. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326074 | SINTERED FERRITE MAGNET AND ITS PRODUCTION METHOD - A sintered ferrite magnet comprising a first granular ferrite compound phase containing Ca, La, Fe and Co and having a Curie temperature Tc | 2012-12-27 |
20120326075 | METHOD OF PRODUCING THERMOELECTRIC MATERIAL - A process for manufacturing a nanocomposite thermoelectric material having a plurality of nanoparticle inclusions. The process includes determining a material composition to be investigated for the nanocomposite thermoelectric material, the material composition including a conductive bulk material and a nanoparticle material. In addition, a range of surface roughness values for the insulating nanoparticle material that can be obtained using current state of the art manufacturing techniques is determined. Thereafter, a plurality of Seebeck coefficients, electrical resistivity values, thermal conductivity values and figure of merit values as a function of the range of nanoparticle material surface roughness values is calculated. Based on these calculated values, a nanocomposite thermoelectric material composition or ranges of compositions is/are selected and manufactured. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326076 | TOOL FOR MANUFACTURING SEMICONDUCTOR STRUCTURES AND METHOD OF USE - A tool and method is provided for mixing multiple components and feeding a single blend of the multiple components into the tool. The method includes adjusting a concentration of etchant solution. The method includes determining an etch target for each batch of wafers of a plurality of batches of wafers entering an etch chamber of a wafer processing tool. The method further includes adjusting a concentration of 40% NH | 2012-12-27 |
20120326077 | Process for Synthesis of a Layered Oxide Cathode Composition - A method for preparing a layered oxide cathode using a two step calcination procedure, wherein the first step includes pre-calcination utilizing a rotary calciner. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326078 | METHOD OF PREPARING CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERIES AND LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERIES USING THE SAME - Disclosed is a method for preparing a cathode active material represented by Li | 2012-12-27 |
20120326079 | COMPOSITE CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL, CATHODE AND LITHIUM BATTERY INCLUDING THE COMPOSITE CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL, AND METHOD OF PREPARING THE COMPOSITE CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL - A composite cathode active material, a cathode and a lithium battery including the composite cathode, and a method of preparing the composite cathode active material, the composite cathode active material including a compound with an olivine crystal structure; and an inorganic material, the inorganic material including a nitride or carbide of at least one element selected from the group of Group 2, Group 13, Group 14, and Group 15 of the periodic table of elements. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326080 | Positive Electrode Active Substance For Lithium Ion Batteries, Positive Electrode For Lithium Ion Batteries, And Lithium Ion Battery - The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery which has a high capacity and good rate characteristics can be provided. The positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery has a layer structure represented by the compositional formula: Li | 2012-12-27 |
20120326081 | CARBON BRUSH - A carbon brush is provided that improves motor efficiency and achieves a longer service life. A carbon brush ( | 2012-12-27 |
20120326082 | PRETREATMENT METHOD FOR CHELATE RESIN HAVING PYRIDINE RING USED FOR COLLECTING CATALYST IN AROMATIC CARBOXYLIC ACID PRODUCTION PROCESS - In pretreating a pyridine ring-containing chelate resin which is used in the step for adsorption and collection of a heavy metal ion and a bromide ion derived from a catalyst from the oxidation reaction mother liquid in the process of producing an aromatic carboxylic acid, there may occur phenomena such as swelling of the resin, heat generation of the resin, and air bubbles generation, thereby causing fracture and deterioration of the resin. As a first treatment, Br | 2012-12-27 |
20120326083 | LIQUID CRYSTALS HAVING CYCLOHEXYL CORE STRUCTURES AND FLUORINATED TAILS - Provided are compounds useful for use in liquid crystal mixtures to improve the properties of the mixture. In embodiments, the compound has two cyclohexyl ring and a tail containing one more fluorine atoms. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326084 | LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE MEDIUM - The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium which comprises at least one compound of the formula I, | 2012-12-27 |
20120326085 | LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE MEDIUM - The invention relates to liquid-crystalline mixtures comprising at least one compound of the formula I, | 2012-12-27 |
20120326086 | RED PHOSPHOR, METHOD FOR PRODUCING RED PHOSPHOR, WHITE LIGHT SOURCE, ILLUMINATING DEVICE, AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE - A compound is provided containing silicon, aluminum, strontium, europium, nitrogen, and oxygen is used that enables a red phosphor having strong luminous intensity and high luminance to be obtained, and that enables the color gamut of a white LED to be increased with the use of the red phosphor. The red phosphor contains an element A, europium, silicon, aluminum, oxygen, and nitrogen at the atom number ratio of the following formula: [A | 2012-12-27 |
20120326087 | OXIDIZING LIQUID FOR CHEMILUMINESCENCE AND CHEMILUMINESCENCE SYSTEM USING SAME - Provided are an oxidizing liquid for a chemiluminescent material, which has a flash point higher than that of a conventional oxidizing liquid and also has high safety while maintaining the level of chemiluminescent performance; and a chemiluminescence system. Disclosed are an oxidizing liquid for a chemiluminescent material, which produces a chemiluminescence phenomenon when mixed with a fluorescent liquid containing an oxalic acid ester and a fluorescent substance, includes hydrogen peroxide and a solvent and has a flash point of 60° C. or higher, wherein a solvent to be contained in the oxidizing liquid is a mixture of at least two compounds other than phthalate compounds; and a chemiluminescence system using the oxidizing liquid and a fluorescent liquid. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326088 | LOCK AND KEY COLLOIDS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE - A method and system for assembling building blocks of colloidal particles and also for shaping of colloids for self-assembly for manufacturing, processing and formation of compositions of matter. A first type of particle is selected as a “key” particle constructed to mate with a “lock” particle, the binding arising from depletion forces. A variety of shapes can be used to carry out this method and system to create compositions of matter. Colloids can be shaped by controlled deformation of multiphase colloid particles. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326089 | PHOTOLUMINESCENT NANOPARTICLES AND METHOD FOR PREPARATION - Methods for preparing photoluminescent silicon nanoparticles and compositions of such silicon nanoparticles having unique properties are provided. Methods of preparation include the use of low pressure high frequency pulsed plasma reactors and direct fluid capture of the nanoparticles formed in the reactor. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326090 | PROCESS FOR REFORMING HYDROCARBONS - The invention relates to a process for the production of synthesis gas from a hydrocarbon feedstock, wherein the entire hydrocarbon feed is passed through a radiant furnace, heat exchanger reformer and autothermal reformer in a series arrangement, in which effluent gas from the autothermal reformer is used as heat source for the reforming reactions occurring in the heat exchange reformer and wherein a cooling medium is added to the heat exchange reformer. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326091 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNGAS AND HYDROGEN STARTING FROM REAGENTS COMPRISING LIQUID HYDROCARBONS, GASEOUS HYDROCARBONS, AND/OR OXYGENATED COMPOUNDS, ALSO DERIVING FROM BIOMASSES, BY MEANS OF A NON- INTEGRATED MEMBRANE REACTOR - A process for the production of syngas and hydrogen starting from liquid hydrocarbons, gaseous hydrocarbons and/or oxygenated compounds, also deriving from biomasses, and mixtures thereof, envisages recourse to a membrane reactor in an architecture that uses a succession of reaction and separation stages. The process includes a section for pre-heating the reagents, a number of sections for short-contact-time catalytic partial oxidation for producing syngas and hydrogen in a number of stages followed by separation of hydrogen produced via membranes, a thermal-recovery section, a section for removing produced carbon dioxide, and a section for cooling and removing condensate. Optionally, the process includes a section for purifying obtained hydrogen via pressure-swing adsorption (PSA) and generating purge gas with medium calorific value. Furthermore, the process includes a section for hydrodesulphuration of the reagents and could include a section for conversion of the CO | 2012-12-27 |
20120326092 | VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AS DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF CANCER - The present invention provides sets of VOCs for breath analysis. Methods of use thereof in diagnosing, monitoring or prognosing breast cancer, head and neck cancer, prostate cancer or colon cancer are disclosed. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326093 | HIGHLY SOLUBLE CARBON NANOTUBES WITH ENHANCED CONDUCTIVITY - New methods for preparing carbon nanotube films having enhanced properties are provided. The method broadly provides reacting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and compounds comprising a polyaromatic moieties in the presence a strong acid. During the reaction process, the polyaromatic moieties noncovalently bond with the carbon nanotubes. Additionally, the functionalizing moieties are further functionalized by the strong acid. This dual functionalization allows the CNTs to be dispersed at concentrations greater than 0.5 g/L in solution without damaging their desirable electronic and physical properties. The resulting solutions are stable on the shelf for months without observable bundling, and can be incorporated into solutions for printing conductive traces by a variety of means, including inkjet, screen, flexographic, gravure printing, or spin and spray coating. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326094 | CONDUCTIVE POLYMER, CONDUCTIVE POLYMER COMPOSITION, CONDUCTIVE POLYMER LAYER, AND ORGANIC PHOTOELECTRIC DEVICE INCLUDING THE CONDUCTIVE POLYMER LAYER - A conductive polymer, a conductive polymer composition, a conductive polymer layer, and an organic photoelectric device including the conductive polymer layer, the conductive polymer being doped with a polyacid copolymer, the polyacid copolymer being represented by the following Chemical Formula 1: | 2012-12-27 |
20120326095 | POLYMER COMPOUND, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND LIGHT-EMITTING ELEMENT USING THE POLYMER COMPOUND - A polymer compound comprising a constitutional unit represented by the following formula (1-1) and/or formula (2-1); | 2012-12-27 |
20120326096 | THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS COMBINING INCREASED POWER FACTOR AND REDUCED THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY - A thermoelectric material and a method of forming a thermoelectric material are provided. The method of forming a thermoelectric material includes providing at least one compound fabricated by a first technique and having a first power factor and a first thermal conductivity. The method further includes modifying a spatial structure of the at least one compound by a second technique different from the first technique. The modified at least one compound has a plurality of portions separated from one another by a plurality of boundaries. The plurality of portions include one or more portions having a second power factor not less than the first power factor, and the modified at least one compound has a second thermal conductivity less than the first thermal conductivity. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326097 | Half-Heusler Alloys with Enhanced Figure of Merit and Methods of Making - Thermoelectric materials and methods of making thermoelectric materials having a nanometer mean grain size less than 1 micron. The method includes combining and arc melting constituent elements of the thermoelectric material to form a liquid alloy of the thermoelectric material and casting the liquid alloy of the thermoelectric material to form a solid casting of the thermoelectric material. The method also includes ball milling the solid casting of the thermoelectric material into nanometer mean size particles and sintering the nanometer size particles to form the thermoelectric material having nanometer scale mean grain size. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326098 | Positive Electrode Active Material For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Positive Electrode For Lithium-Ion Batteries, And Lithium-Ion Battery - The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery which attains a lithium ion battery having high safety. The positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery has a layer structure represented by the compositional formula: Li | 2012-12-27 |
20120326099 | Positive Electrode Active Material For Lithium Ion Battery, Positive Electrode For Lithium Ion Battery, And Lithium Ion Battery - The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery which attains a lithium ion battery having high safety. The positive electrode active material has a layer structure for a lithium ion battery, in which the positive electrode active material is represented by the following composition formula: | 2012-12-27 |
20120326100 | THERMOELECTRIC CONVERSION MATERIAL AND PRODUCING METHOD THEREOF; AND THERMOELECTRIC CONVERSION ELEMENT USING THE SAME - Thermoelectric conversion materials, expressed by the following formula: Bi | 2012-12-27 |
20120326101 | Positive Electrode Active Material For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Positive Electrode For Lithium-Ion Batteries,Lithium-Ion Battery - The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery which attains a lithium ion battery having high safety. The positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery which has a layer structure represented by the compositional formula: Li | 2012-12-27 |
20120326102 | Positive Electrode Active Material For Lithium Ion Battery, Positive Electrode For Lithium Ion Battery, And Lithium Ion Battery - The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery which attains a lithium ion battery having high safety. The positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery has a layer structure represented by the compositional formula: Li | 2012-12-27 |
20120326103 | FUNCTIONALIZED TRIPLET EMITTERS FOR ELECTRO-LUMINESCENT DEVICES - Organo-metallic complexes for opto-electronic and sensory devices and their use in such devices are provided. The organo-metallic complex (triplet emitter) consists of a metal center and chelate ligands. At least one of chelate ligands comprises an aromatic or fused aromatic ring(s). Each ligand is covalently substituted with at least one, preferably two charge transport groups (ctg). The metal center can be coordinated by a spectator ligand. Presence of two ctgs at each ligand is advantageous for applications in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Charge transport units facilitate hole and/or electron transport to the molecular center and allow for efficient exciton formation directly on the complex. Presence of ctgs on each ligand provides good shielding with respect to interactions with the environment. Emission quenching is strongly reduced and materials with high emission quantum yields are obtained. Presence of ctgs on each ligand reduces undesired quenching by triplet-triplet annihilation or self-quenching effects. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326104 | METHOD OF FORMING MICROSPHERE HAVING STRUCTURAL COLOR - Provided is a method of forming a microsphere having a structural color, which includes providing a composition for generating a structural color including a curable material and magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in the curable material, forming an emulsion by adding the composition for generating a structural color to an immiscible solvent, arranging the magnetic nanoparticles located in the emulsion droplet of the curable material in a one-dimensional chain structure by applying a magnetic field to the emulsion, and fixing the chain structure by curing the emulsion droplet. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326105 | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR REDUCING FIRE HAZARD OF FLAMMABLE REFRIGERANTS - The present invention relates to compositions comprising flammable refrigerant, fire hazard-reducing agent, and optionally a lubricant suitable for use in a refrigeration or air conditioning apparatus. Further, the present invention relates to compositions comprising lubricant and fire hazard-reducing agent and methods for reducing flammability of flammable refrigerant, for delivering a fire hazard-reducing agent to a refrigeration or air conditioning apparatus, and for replacing a non-flammable refrigerant with a flammable refrigerant. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326106 | TRAILER TONGUE LIFT JACK - Presented is a trailer tongue lift jack which tilts in order to allow the tongue and hitch to be aligned with a towing ball attached to a towing vehicle. The trailer lift jack includes a ball joint which allows the body of the hitch to tilt for this alignment step. The lift jack can also rotate to a storage position which is basically horizontal, and rotate to a lift position which is basically vertical for lifting the trailer tongue. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326107 | CONVEYING APPARATUS - A conveying apparatus is configured to attach a battery unit to a vehicle body at an attachment position by engaging at least three first fastening portions, which are arranged in the vehicle body, respectively with at least three corresponding second fastening portions, which are arranged in the battery unit. The conveying apparatus includes at least three mounts, at least three individual lifting mechanisms, and an individual control unit. The second fastening portions are respectively mounted on the mounts. The individual lifting mechanisms individually lift the mounts to raise the battery unit to the attachment position. The individual control unit is configured to individually control the individual lifting mechanisms. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326108 | HAND RAILS - A handrail system comprising a top rail ( | 2012-12-27 |
20120326109 | PHASE CHANGE MEMORY CELL AND PHASE CHAGE MEMORY - A phase change memory cell includes a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit comprises a first electrode, a carbon nanotube layer and a second electrode electrically connected in series. The first circuit is adapted to write data into the phase change memory cell or reset the phase change memory cell. The second circuit comprises a third electrode, a phase change layer and a fourth electrode electrically connected in series, at least part of the phase change layer is overlapped with the carbon nanotube layer. The second circuit is adapted to read data from the phase change memory cell or reset the phase change memory cell. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326110 | PHASE CHANGE MEMORY DEVICES AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A phase change memory device includes an impurity region on a substrate, the impurity region being in an active region, a metal silicide pattern at least partially buried in the impurity region, a diode on the impurity region, a lower electrode on the diode, a phase change layer pattern on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode on the phase change layer pattern. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326111 | Ge-RICH GST-212 PHASE CHANGE MEMORY MATERIALS - A phase change material comprises Ge | 2012-12-27 |
20120326112 | PHASE-CHANGE RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A phase-change random access memory (PCRAM) device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The PCRAM device includes a semiconductor substrate, a junction word line formed on the semiconductor substrate, an epitaxial word line formed on the junction word line, and a switching device formed on the epitaxial word line. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326113 | NON-VOLATILE MEMORY ELEMENT AND NON-VOLATILE MEMORY DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH SAME - Provided are a non-volatile memory element which can reduce a voltage of an electric pulse required for initial breakdown, and can lessen non-uniformity of a resistance value of the non-volatile memory element, and a non-volatile memory device including the non-volatile memory element. A non-volatile memory element comprises a first electrode ( | 2012-12-27 |
20120326114 | PHASE-CHANGE RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A phase-change random access memory device includes a semiconductor substrate, an interlayer dielectric layer formed over the semiconductor substrate and having contact holes defined therein, metal contacts formed in the contact holes, an ohmic contact layer formed over the metal contacts and having recesses defined therein, and switching elements formed over the recesses of the ohmic contact layer. | 2012-12-27 |
20120326115 | GRAPHENE STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE GRAPHENE STRUCTURE, AND GRAPHENE DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE GRAPHENE DEVICE - A graphene structure and a method of manufacturing the graphene structure, and a graphene device and a method of manufacturing the graphene device. The graphene structure includes a substrate; a growth layer disposed on the substrate and having exposed side surfaces; and a graphene layer disposed on the side surfaces of the growth layer. | 2012-12-27 |