12th week of 2012 patent applcation highlights part 41 |
Patent application number | Title | Published |
20120070812 | DEVICE FOR SIMULATING CARDIO-PULMONARY RESUSCITATION TECHNIQUES - A device for simulating cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques including a base coupled to a chest piece in the shape of a human thorax and designed to be elastically deformed towards the base when pressure is placed thereon by a user, where an upper end of the base is articulated to a head piece, the device including a pressure adjustment piece located in a central area of the base designed to occupy a first position in which an upper height stop limits the deformation of the chest piece when pressure is placed thereon, a second position, in which a lower height stop limits the deformation of the chest piece, the limit deformation of the chest piece in the second position being greater than the limit deformation in the first position, and a third position, in which the deformation of the chest piece is not limited. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070813 | Apparatus, System and Method - This invention provides an apparatus for simulating digestion of a foodstuff, which apparatus comprises:
| 2012-03-22 |
20120070814 | HEAD MODEL FOR BRAIN-IMAGING DEVICE AND TECHNIQUE FOR PRODUCING SAME - A head model according to one example of an embodiment is a head model that may be provided for use in the calibration for a brain-imaging device, where a part corresponding to the skull and a part corresponding to at least one specific region of the brain are each formed by a continuous cavity with no cuts other than an opening for liquid injection. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070815 | TAXIDERMY HEAD FORM AND METHOD - A taxidermy form recreates the head of an animal, the taxidermy head form comprising a head member including first and second laterally spaced protrusions molded therein for receiving and supporting artificial eyes, the eyes being movable relative to the protrusions for a desired alignment. A face member has first and second eye openings formed therethrough. The head member and the face member are dimensionally adapted to receive the other to form the assembled taxidermy head form for receiving the animal head skin. The face member is affixed in at least partially covering relation to the head member such that the at least one eye extends at least partially through the first or second eye openings. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070816 | Method of Facilitating Online and Socially Networked Education Between Learning Institutions - A method is provided of facilitating online education between learning institutions, including the steps of obtaining an e-learning course from a content provider learning institution; obtaining the approval of a subscriber learning institution for students enrolled at such institution to receive academic credit for the successful completion of such e-learning course; enrolling students from such subscriber learning institution in such e-learning course through a website; providing such e-learning course to students of the subscriber learning institution; obtaining an evaluation of the students' performances in the e-learning course from the content provider learning institution; providing said evaluations of the students' performances in such e-learning course to the subscriber learning institution in which the students are enrolled; and providing remuneration to the subscriber learning institution and content provider learning institution. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070817 | ACOUSTIC-ASSISTED ITERATIVE WAVE FORM OPTIMIZATION FOR DEEP TISSUE FOCUSING - A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for irradiating one or more targets within a sample with electromagnetic (EM) radiation. One or more targets within the sample are controllably defined with an acoustic field. The sample is irradiated with input EM radiation having an input wavefront. An amount of frequency shifted EM radiation is detected, wherein at least some of the input EM radiation that passes through the acoustic field at the targets is shifted in frequency to form the frequency shifted EM radiation. The input wavefront is modified, using feedback comprising the amount of the frequency shifted EM radiation that is detected, into a modified wavefront. The sample is irradiated using the input EM radiation comprising the modified wavefront, and the process is repeated as desired. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070818 | Flow Measurement and Control for Improved Quantification of Particles in Flow Cytometry - The present invention relates to methods that enable improved accuracy for quantitative particle counting in a flowing liquid stream. The methods of the present invention utilize the real-time measurement of flow rates and flow rate control through feedback mechanisms to improve quantification, and this improved quantification translates to more accurate particle counting. In certain embodiments, particles being counted are biological particles in a liquid sample, such as viruses. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070819 | Determination of Interactions of Constant Parts of Antibodies with FC-Gamma Receptors - The invention relates to a novel method for the exact determination of the binding of the Fc-part of IgG-antibodies to Fc-gamma receptors, and for the simultaneous examination of the antigen-specificity and the Fc-gamma-receptor activation, as well as specific materials for use in said method. The invention furthermore relates to a method for identifying substances that affect the binding of the Fc-part of IgG-antibodies to Fc-gamma receptors, on the basis of the method for the exact determination of the binding of the Fc-part. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070820 | Probes and Methods for Hepatitis C Virus Typing Using Multidimensional Probe Analysis - This invention provides compositions and methods for HCV typing, e.g., genotyping and/or subtyping. The compositions and methods of the invention can be used to assign an HCV isolate to one of at least five HCV types (for example, selected from types 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6), or to one of at least five subtypes (for example, subtypes 1a/b/c, 2a/c, 2b, 3a, 4a, 5a or 6a). These methods integrate the hybridization data from a plurality of HCV typing probes in a multidimensional analysis to make an HCV type assignment for an HCV in an experimental sample. The invention also provides related compositions, including, for example, the HCV typing probes and HCV typing diagnostic kits. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070821 | Interference Control Panel for Evaluation of Analytical Assays For Samples Derived from Blood - The invention relates to quality control of analytical assays, particularly NAT assays of blood samples containing nucleic acids. A control panel containing quantified amounts of substances known to interfere with an analytical assay is used and compared with a reference sample in the analytical assay. A comparison of the assay results interference panel validates the assay and can serve as a periodic quality control check for the analytical assay as well as related methods and protocols. The use of the control panel of the invention can also determine whether interfering substances are present and establish under what conditions the analytical assay reliable. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070822 | METHOD FOR SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION DURING LATERAL-FLOW ANALYSIS - Provided is a signal amplifying method in a lateral flow analysis with high sensitivity, in which gold ions and a reductant are added and react to a seed of gold nano particles to amplify a signal, and a lateral flow analysis device using the same. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070823 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATICALLY PROCESSING A SAMPLE - The invention relates to a method and a device for processing a biological sample. According to the invention, the processing comprises binding, washing and eluting biomolecules of the biological sample. The aim of the invention is to provide a method and a device for the automatic processing of biological samples which can have a relatively large volume and which can be further process by a microfluidic system. According to the invention, a container ( | 2012-03-22 |
20120070824 | THERMOSTABLE PROTEINASES FROM THERMOPHILIC BACTERIA - The present invention relates to the preparation of a method for the preparation of nucleic acid samples, including the steps of adding at least one non-specific thermophilic enzyme to a sample containing nucleic acid for testing, and incubating said sample for a preferred period at 65-80° C. as required to effect one or more of lysis of cells, digestion of proteins, digestion of cell-wall enzymes, via activity of said thermophilic enzyme, wherein said thermophilic enzyme is substantially stable and active at 65-80° C. but which is readily autolysed and/or denatured when said sample is incubated at or above 90° C. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070825 | Novel Compounds and Derivatizations of DNAs and RNAs on the Nucleobases of Pyrimidines for Function, Structure and Therapeutics - Disclosed are compounds of formula (I), a derivative, or a tautomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said compound or said tautomer. Also disclosed are methods of preparing compound of formula (I), a derivative, or a tautomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said compound or said tautomer. Further disclosed are methods of conducting drug discovery and research comprises applying the compound of formula (I), a derivative, or a tautomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said compound or said tautomer in an investigation. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070826 | LAFORA'S DISEASE GENE - A novel gene (EPM2B) that is mutated in humans and dogs with Lafora's disease is described. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070827 | DETECTION OF FETAL CELLS FROM MATERNAL BLOOD - The present application relates to methods for identification of foetal cells and generation and isolation of binding members recognising foetal cells. Said methods may further be used for other purposes relating to characterisation of biological samples and biological antigens. The methods are characterised by the applicability in situations where the interesting objects are present in a limited amount, or where the interesting objects are intermixed with other material, thus the methods are suitable for use in situations where the ratio of the interesting material compared to other material is low. The application discloses methods for use of detecting foetal cells and method of generating/isolating binding members towards antigenic material of low abundancy. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070828 | METHODS FOR THE DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASES - Embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions for the detection and/or identification of microbes that carry extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes. Specifically, provided herein are oligonucleotides, probes, and kits containing the same, for the detection of bacterial CTX-M sequences. Also provided are methods for the detection and/or amplification of microbes harboring extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes, including CTX-M type extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070829 | SIZE SELECTION OF DNA FOR CHROMATIN ANALYSIS - Methods for analyzing chromosomal DNA, including chromatin, are provided. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070830 | STABILIZATION OF OZONE-LABILE FLUORESCENT DYES BY THIOUREA - The present invention provides compositions and methods for stabilization of fluorescent dyes. In particular, the present invention provides buffer systems comprising thiourea to protect against degradation of ozone-labile fluorescent dyes. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070831 | Amplification of Distant Nucleic Acid Targets Using Engineered Primers - The invention is a method of amplifying nucleic acids by synthesizing an engineered amplicon containing the sequence of interest, but omitting intervening sequences present in the template molecule. The method utilizes an “amplicon bridge” incorporated into the amplification primers. The length and content of the desired amplicon can be chosen by the operator and can contain unique regions for probe binding. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070832 | SE33 MUTATIONS IMPACTING GENOTYPE CONCORDANCE - Disclosed are primer set compositions, methods and kits for human identification using the highly complex sequence locus, SE33 (ACTBP2) in single and multiplex PCR reactions. Additionally, disclosed are three newly discovered single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the SE33 locus that can cause discordance seen as mobility shift or allelic dropout. Also disclosed are kits useful in human identification. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070833 | LATERAL FLOW MICROFLUIDIC ASSAYING DEVICE AND RELATED METHOD - Provided herein is a microfluidic device and related method for controlling flow of different fluid components of a fluid. The microfluidic device comprises an input channel, focusing channel and an assaying channel. The microfluidic device is adapted to separate a fluid into at least two fluid components, and is further adapted to detect a target material comprised within one of the fluid components. The method comprises providing a channel, the channel having a dimension which is a function of a dimension of one of the fluid components and deliver the fluid through the channel at a set flow rate. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070834 | Screening Methods for Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury - The invention relates to the discovery that HNA-3a and HNA-3b are antigens within a polypeptide sequence that is highly similar to the CTL2 amino acid sequence. This invention provides methods and kits for screening for HNA-3a and HNA-3b specific antibodies, HNA-3a and HNA-3b polypeptides and HNA-3a and HNA-3b nucleic acids in a sample of a biological tissue intended for transplantation. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070835 | Method of Cloning Stable Stress Tolerant Superoxide Dismutase Using Universal Primers - The present invention relates to a method of cloning stable stress tolerant superoxide dismutase from diverse plant species using universal primers. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070836 | METHODS OF DETECTING RESIDUAL AMOUNTS OF POLYMERS USED IN THE PURIFICATION OF BIOMOLECULES - The present invention relates to methods of detecting residual amounts of polymers including stimulus responsive polymers, which are used in processes for purifying biomolecules such as, for example, proteins, polypeptides, antibodies, vaccines and the like. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070837 | CIP2A as a biomarker in detection of cervical cancer - The present invention provides methods and compositions for detecting cervical cancer in a human. The present invention provides CIP2A as a biomarker detectable in a biological sample from cervix of an individual, an increased expression of same is an indication of cervical cancer in the individual. CIP2A mRNA or protein can both serve as reliable biomarkers. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a combined use of CIP2A with at least one additional biomarker selected from the group consisting of Ki67, TOP2A, MCM2, MCM5, p14 | 2012-03-22 |
20120070838 | Polymerase Assay with a FRET Substrate - This specification generally relates to non-radioactive methods of detecting nucleic acid polymerase activity and methods of detecting compounds that modulate nucleic acid polymerase activity. The activity may be measured in real-time using a real-time PCR instrument. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070839 | SOYBEAN EVENT MON89788 AND METHODS FOR DETECTION THEREOF - The present invention provides for soybean plant and seed comprising transformation event MON89788 and DNA molecules unique to these events. The invention also provides methods for detecting the presence of these DNA molecules in a sample. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070840 | RELATIVE QUANTIFICATION ANALYSIS OF MULTI-PARAMETRIC PCR EXPERIMENTS - An analysis method for quantitative PCR experiments including multiple genes of interest, multiple samples and multiple conditions is provided. For calculating the relative expression status of multiple target genes from multiple samples under multiple different conditions, a calculation method based on up to three different parameters is performed. In addition to normalization against one or multiple reference gene(s) and normalization against a reference sample (calibrator), a third normalization step against a base value is performed in a target-, sample- and condition-specific manner. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070841 | NUCLEIC ACID QUANTIFICATION METHOD AND MICROCHIP FOR NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION REACTION - A nucleic acid quantification method that uses a microchip for nucleic acid amplification reaction, the microchip including an inlet through which a liquid is introduced from outside, a plurality of reaction regions provided as reaction sites of a nucleic acid amplification reaction, and a channel through which the liquid introduced through the inlet is supplied into each of the reaction regions, wherein the likelihood of the nucleic acid amplification reaction varies between the reaction regions, includes: flowing a detection target nucleic acid chain-containing solution through the channel and introducing the solution into each of the reaction regions to perform a nucleic acid amplification reaction; and detecting an amplification product in each of the reaction regions to specify the reaction regions in which the nucleic acid amplification reaction occurred. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070842 | Assay for Telomerase Activity Using Microfluidic Device - Methods for determining the level of telomerase reverse transcriptase activity in mammalian cells are disclosed. A preferred measuring device is a microfluidic device that includes a spectrophotometer, a fluorescent detector, a fluorescence polarization detector or a scintillation counting device. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070843 | DBC1, A NOVEL NATIVE INHIBITOR OF THE ANTI-AGING PROTEIN SIRT1 - A novel complex is identified between the NAD-dependent deacetylase, SIRT1 and its novel inhibitor, DBC1. Provided herein are methods to indentify a compound that inhibits the complexation between SIRT1 and DBC1. Exemplary methods comprise contacting either the complexation between DBC1 and SIRT1 with an agent being tested for its ability to inhibit the complexation between SIRT1 and DBC1. Also, provided are methods to identify a compound that increases the complexation between SIRT1 and DBC1. Exemplary methods comprise contacting either the complexation between DBC1 and SIRT1 with an agent being tested for its ability to increase the complexation between SIRT1 and DBC1. Further, methods are provided to increase or decrease SIRT1 activity by contacting the complexation between SIRT1 and DBC1 with a peptide that either decreases or increases the complexation between SIRT1 and DBC1. Further, methods are provided for the treatment of patients suffering from diseases including metabolic diseases including obesity and diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease using compounds that inhibit the complexation between SIRT1 and DBC1. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070844 | Method For Quantifying Modified Peptides - The present invention provides a method for quantifying modified peptides in a sample, the method comprising: (a) obtaining peptides from the sample; (b) adding reference modified peptides to the peptides obtained in step (a) to produce a mixture of peptides and reference modified peptides; (c) carrying out mass spectrometry (MS) on said mixture of peptides and reference modified peptides to obtain data relating to the peptides in the sample; and (d) comparing the data relating to the peptides in the sample with data in a database of modified peptides using a computer programme; wherein the database of modified peptides is compiled by a method comprising: (i) obtaining peptides from a sample; (ii) enriching modified peptides from the peptides obtained in step (i); (iii) carrying out liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on the enriched modified peptides obtained in step (ii); (iv) comparing the modified peptides detected in step (iii) to a known reference database in order to identify the modified peptides; and (v) compiling data relating to the modified peptides identified in step (iv) into a database. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070845 | METHODS, SYSTEMS AND REAGENTS FOR IMPROVED IMMUNODETECTION - The instant invention provides methods, systems and reagents for immunodetection involving novel epitope tags and antibodies which recognize these new epitope tags as well as the antibodies which detect the FLAG epitope tag. Fusion proteins comprising the epitope tags, as well as methods of purifying these proteins and kits detecting these proteins are also provided. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070846 | METHODS FOR DETECTING MOLECULE-MOLECULE INTERACTIONS WITH A SINGLE DETECTION CHANNEL - A single molecule or molecule complex detection method is disclosed in certain aspects, comprising nano- or micro-fluidic channels. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070847 | Method For Detecting And Purifying Pancreatic Beta Cells - The invention is based, in part, on the discovery that a polypeptide, referred to herein as Betacam, is selectively expressed on the surface of pancreatic islet cells, Thus, in one aspect, the invention is directed to compositions comprising Betacam or that can be used to detect Betacam. In another aspect, the invention provides methods of detecting (e.g., non-invasively) pancreatic beta cells from a mammalian cell source. Another aspect of the invention is directed to cellular purification of pancreatic beta cells from a heterogeneous cell source of multiple kinds. In another aspect, the invention provides methods of identifying agents that modulate activity of Betacam-In yet another aspect, the invention provides for improved treatment and diagnosis of diabetes. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070848 | TUMOR CELL-DERIVED MICROVESICLES - The present invention relates to a method for diagnosis of cancer and for monitoring the progression of cancer and/or the therapeutic efficacy of an anti-cancer treatment in a sample of a subject by detecting oncogenic proteins in microvesicles, and to the use of an agent blocking exchange of microvesicles for treating cancer. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070849 | METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR RISK STRATIFICATION - The present invention provides an approach for the simultaneous determination of the activation states of a plurality of proteins in single cells. This approach permits the rapid detection of heterogeneity in a complex cell population based on activation states, and the identification of cellular subsets that exhibit correlated changes in activation within the cell population. Moreover, this approach allows the correlation of cellular activities or properties. In addition, the use of potentiators of cellular activation allows for characterization of such pathways and cell populations. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070850 | Method for detecting microorganisms and microorganism detecting apparatus - It is possible to determine the presence of bacteria in a sample solution in a shorter period of time without changing a conventional incubating method. Bacteria in a sample solution are incubated in, for example, a sterilized agar medium | 2012-03-22 |
20120070851 | ANTIBODY SPECIFIC TO METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, DETECTION METHOD AND KIT FOR METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS USING THE SAME - The present invention relates to an antibody against a protein specifically expressed in methicillin-resistant strains of | 2012-03-22 |
20120070852 | ASSAY - The present invention relates to an assay for transferases. The assay comprises a first moiety comprising a transferase substrate and a second moiety capable of binding to the transferase substrate after it has been acted on by the transferase. One of the first and second moieties comprises a fluorophore and the other of the first and second moieties causes a change in fluorescence of the fluorophore. Thus, when the second moiety binds the transferase substrate after it has been acted on by the transferase, a change in fluorescence can be detected. The assay allows for agents that modulate the activity of the transferase to be screened. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070853 | YKL-40 AS A MARKER FOR GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS - The present invention relates to gastrointestinal cancers and methods for selecting a treatment for said gastrointestinal cancer in a subject. The present invention further relates to a methods of diagnosing the presence of and/or classifying the severity of a gastrointestinal cancer; together with methods for determining the effect of a therapy administered and/or the prognosis for a subject suffering from a gastrointestinal cancer, before, during or after administering the treatment. For all the methods applies that a determined level of YKL-40 above one or more reference levels indicates the treatment, the severity of the disease, the effect of the treatment and/or the prognosis of the subject. The reference level is typically a level obtained from healthy individuals or a level previously obtained from the same subject. The subject may suffer from any one or more gastrointestinal cancers, such as upper gastrointestinal cancers, and metastatic colorectal cancer. The present invention further relates to a kit and a device that may be used in the method of the present invention. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070854 | HNRNP A3 Related Peptides and Use Thereof for Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis - The invention relates to a peptide and retro or retro-inverso peptide thereof, with a length of ≦25 amino acid residues, characterized in that the peptide comprises at least one citrulline residue, and exhibits a sequence identity over the whole sequence of the peptide of ≧70% compared to human hnRNP A3 protein (SEQ ID No. 1) and uses thereof. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070855 | METHOD FOR IN VITRO ASSAY OF SOLUBLE FIBRIN BY GENERATING SPECIFIC DEGRADATION PRODUCTS - The invention concerns a method for assaying soluble fibrin in a sample, in which said sample is brought into the presence of a plasminogen activator with a high specificity for soluble fibrin (PA-Fb sp) and the soluble fibrin count in the sample is measured by measuring the difference between the count of fibrin degradation products obtained after degrading soluble fibrin with PA-Fb sp and the base count of fibrin degradation products determined before bringing the sample into the presence of PA-Fb sp. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070856 | CROSS-LINKING AGENTS - The invention relates to a protein cross-linking agent of the formula, where R | 2012-03-22 |
20120070857 | ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSAYS USING OOCYTES THAT EXPRESS HUMAN ENaC AND THE USE OF PHENAMIL TO IMPROVE THE EFFECT OF ENaC ENHANCERS IN ASSAYS USING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL REPORTING DYES - In one aspect, the present invention relates to a mammalian cell-based high-throughput assay for the profiling and screening of human epithelial sodium channel (hENaC) cloned from a human kidney c-DNA library and is also expressed in other tissues including human taste tissue. The present invention further relates to amphibian oocyte-based medium-throughput electrophysiological assays for identifying human ENaC modulators, preferably ENaC enhancers. Compounds that modulate ENaC function in a cell-based ENaC assay are expected to affect salty taste in humans. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070858 | METHOD FOR ISOLATING EXOSOMES FROM BIOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS USING IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES - A method for isolating exosomes from blood platelets using superparamagnetic nanoparticles of iron oxide (Fe | 2012-03-22 |
20120070859 | BACTERIAL CELLS, OPTIMIZED NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES AND METHODS FOR IMPROVED EXPRESSION OF RECOMBINANT CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE TOXIN B - In some embodiments, the present invention provides isolated nucleotide sequences that encode | 2012-03-22 |
20120070860 | COMBINATION STIRRER - The present patent application describes a stirrer comprising a combination of at least one axially-conveying element and at least one radially-conveying element relative to the rotary shaft of the stirrer wherein the largest diameter of the at least one axially-conveying element is equal to or less than the inner diameter d | 2012-03-22 |
20120070861 | Human Lambda Light Chain Mice - Genetically modified mice are provided that express human λ variable (hVλ) sequences, including mice that express hVλ sequences from an endogenous mouse λ light chain locus, mice that express hVλ sequences from an endogenous mouse κ light chain locus, and mice that express hVλ sequences from a transgene or an episome wherein the hVλ sequence is linked to a mouse constant sequence. Mice are provided that are a source of somatically mutated human λ variable sequences useful for making antigen-binding proteins. Compositions and methods for making antigen-binding proteins that comprise human λ variable sequences, including human antibodies, are provided. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070862 | METHODS FOR PRODUCING UNIQUELY DISTINCT NUCLEIC ACID TAGS - Disclosed herein are uniquely distinct nucleic acid tags and methods for their use and production. The disclosed tags do not hybridize to a genome of interest and thus can be used as labels without generating background signal associated with unintended hybridization. In one example, tag sequences are derived from a genome divergent to the genome of interest. The divergent genome provides a vast library of potential tag sequences. These potential tag sequences can be screened using a bioinformatics-based approach against the genome of interest. These potentially distinct sequences can then be synthesized and tested empirically against the genome of interest to identify those sequences that are uniquely distinct. The tags can then be produced, for example by oligonucleotide synthesis techniques. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070863 | NOVEL BETA-GALACTOSIDE-ALPHA2,3-SIALYLTRANSFERASE, A GENE ENCODING THEREOF, AND A METHOD FOR PRODUCING THEREOF - The present invention provides a novel β-galactoside-α2,3-sialyltransferase and a nucleic acid encoding the sialyltransferase. The present invention also provides a microorganism producing the sialyltransferase, as well as a method for producing the sialyltransferase using such a microorganism. The present invention further provides a vector carrying a nucleic acid encoding the sialyltransferase, and a host cell transformed with the vector, as well as a method for producing a recombinant β-galactoside-α2,3-sialyltransferase. The present invention further provides a method for preparing a sialylsugar chain, which uses the sialyltransferase of the present invention. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070864 | Metal Compounds to Eliminate Nonproductive Enzyme Adsorption and Enhance Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocellulose - Methods and composition for biofuel processing are provided. For example, in certain aspects methods for using metal compounds to enhance cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis are described. Furthermore, the invention provides integrated processes with fewer lignin removal steps to improve efficiency. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070865 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN L-AMINO ACID USING BACTERIUM OF THE ENTEROBACTERIACEAE FAMILY WITH ATTENUATED EXPRESSION OF A GENE CODING FOR SMALL RNA - The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus | 2012-03-22 |
20120070866 | PURIFIED PYRROLOQUINOLINE QUINONE FORTIFIED FOOD - Food products fortified by purified PQQ and methods of application and production are disclosed. A method of preserving a food product comprising admixing an effective amount of purified PQQ or a compound containing purified PQQ derivatives with a foodstuff to provide an inhibiting means to microorganism growth in the food product. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070867 | PROCESS FOR THE ENZYMATIC REDUCTION OF ENOATES - A process for the enzymatic reduction of an enoate (1) wherein the C═C bond of the enoate (1) is stereoselectively hydrogenated in the presence of an enoate-reductase and an oxidizable co-substrate (2) in a system which is free of NAD(P)H, | 2012-03-22 |
20120070868 | PRODUCTION OF ODD CHAIN FATTY ACID DERIVATIVES IN RECOMBINANT MICROBIAL CELLS - Recombinant microbial cells are provided which have been engineered to produce fatty acid derivatives having linear chains containing an odd number of carbon atoms by the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway. Also provided are methods of making odd chain fatty acid derivatives using the recombinant microbial cells, and compositions comprising odd chain fatty acid derivatives produced by such methods. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070869 | Methods of using Nannochloropsis Algal strains to produce hydrocarbons and fatty acids - The present invention provides methods and compositions for production of algal-based medium chain fatty acids and hydrocarbons. More specifically, the invention relates to a | 2012-03-22 |
20120070870 | Methods and Molecules for Yield Improvement Involving Metabolic Engineering - The invention features methods and compositions relating to cells that have been engineered to reduce or eliminate proteins having enzymatic activity that interfere with the expression of a metabolic product. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070871 | POLYPEPTIDE HAVING D-LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY, POLYNUCLEOTIDE ENCODING THE POLYPEPTIDE, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF D-LACTIC ACID - Highly productive D-lactic acid fermentation uses a transformant obtained by introducing into a host cell a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide according to any one of the following (A) to (C) in such a manner that the polypeptide is expressed, which polypeptide has a D-lactate dehydrogenase activity higher than those of conventional polypeptides: (A) a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1 or 2; (B) a polypeptide having the same amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO:1 or 2 except that one or several amino acids are substituted, deleted, inserted and/or added, which polypeptide has a D-lactate dehydrogenase activity; and (C) a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence which has a sequence identity of not less than 80% to the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1 or 2, which polypeptide has a D-lactate dehydrogenase activity. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070872 | USE OF ERYTHROMYCIN AS A SELECTIVE ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT IN THE PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOLS - A process for the use of low concentration levels of Erythromycin to eliminate or control the growth of unwanted or undesirable bacteria (contaminating bacteria) in the fermentation production of alcohols without inhibition of the growth or replication of the yeast. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070873 | METHOD OF FIXING RAIL MOLECULE AND NANO TRANSPORT DEVICE - An object is to move a rail molecule by means of a biomolecular motor deposited on a base and inactivate the biomolecular motor through irradiation with light having a predetermined wavelength, to thereby readily and reliably fix the rail molecule at a predetermined position, while orienting the rail molecule in a predetermined direction without employment of any reagent. A method for fixing a rail molecule which has polarity and on which a biomolecular motor moves in a direction corresponding to the polarity includes depositing a biomolecular motor on a base; moving a rail molecule by means of the biomolecular motor; and inactivating the biomolecular motor by irradiating the biomolecular motor with light having a predetermined wavelength when the rail molecule reaches a predetermined position, to thereby fix the rail molecule so that it is oriented in a predetermined direction. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070874 | Method for recycling enzyme - In saccharification of cellulose, chimeric β-glucosidase having a region exhibiting thermophilic bacteria-derived β-glucosidase activity and a module combinable to cellulose is used along with cellulosome, and at the completion of saccharification of cellulose, a cellulosic substrate is added to make the chimeric β-glucosidase and cellulosome attach to the cellulosic substrate for separation. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070875 | Amino Acid Sequences which Enhance Peptide Conjugate Solubility - The present invention provides peptide conjugates having improved solubility as well as increased secretion during cell based production, as well as methods of utilizing such peptides. The peptide conjugates include a short peptide domain defined by the amino acid sequence AGIH (SEQ ID NO: 8) and may include a biologically active molecule useful in intracellular and intranuclear transport of the biologically active molecule to treat various disorders and diseases. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070876 | VARIANT FORM OF URATE OXIDASE AND USE THEREOF - The present invention relates to genetically modified proteins with uricolytic activity. More specifically, the invention relates to proteins comprising truncated urate oxidases and methods for producing them, including PEGylated proteins comprising truncated urate oxidases. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070877 | RATIONALLY DESIGNED MEGANUCLEASES WITH ALTERED SEQUENCE SPECIFICITY AND DNA-BINDING AFFINITY - Rationally-designed LAGLIDADG meganucleases and methods of making such meganucleases are provided. In addition, methods are provided for using the meganucleases to generate recombinant cells and organisms having a desired DNA sequence inserted into a limited number of loci within the genome, as well as methods of gene therapy, for treatment of pathogenic infections, and for in vitro applications in diagnostics and research. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070878 | Microporous Microfluidic Device - A micro fluidic apparatus includes (i) a first conduit; (ii) a second conduit; and (iii) a first interconnected microporous network in communication with the first and second conduits and configured to allow diffusion of gas between the first and second conduits. The microporous network comprises poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and prevents flow of aqueous fluid between the first and second conduits through the microporous network. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070879 | REDUCTION OF ANTIBIOTIC ACTIVITY OR CONCENTRATION IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES USINGMOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMERS - Methods of removing undesired compounds such as antibiotics from a biological sample are provided. The methods use Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (“MIPs”) to remove or inactivate antibiotics in a sample. The methods use MIPS to remove or inactivate compounds such as antibiotics in a cell culture. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070880 | Active plastic material in oil - A method is provided of prolonging the shelf life of probiotic lactic-acid producing bacteria formulated in oil, by using a specific moisture absorbing technology. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070881 | Bacillus licheniformis chromosome - The present invention relates to an isolated polynucleotide of the complete chromosome of | 2012-03-22 |
20120070882 | BIOREMEDIATION METHOD - A method for enhancing anaerobic reductive dechlorination of a contaminated site includes enriching the site with organic carbon suitable for use as an energy source by dechlorinating bacteria, nitrogen in the form of urea or ammonia, nutrient phosphorus, matter that releases bio-available hydrogen over a relatively short period of time and relatively quickly following site enrichment and matter that releases bio-available hydrogen over a relatively long period of time following site enrichment. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070883 | HIGH TEMPERATURE HIGH PRESSURE MICROBIAL REACTOR - The high temperature/high pressure (HTHP) reactor of the present invention includes a main cylinder, a reversible piston inside the cylinder that divides the main cylinder into a pressurization chamber and a reactor chamber, a thermal jacket, a lid and an end cap. The HTHP reactor of the present invention is configured to facilitate microbial growth in the reactor chamber that provides high temperature and high pressure conditions that simulate resource reservoir conditions, wherein the resource may be an oil reservoir. The HTHP chamber of the present invention is configured to receive a fluid sample from the underground oil reservoir that has been maintained at reservoir temperature and pressure throughout sampling, transfer to transport bottle, transport to the laboratory, and inoculation into the chamber. The HTHP chamber of the present invention is also configured to allow the use of a variety of instrumentation and valves that can be customized to allow a user to monitor desired physical properties within the reaction chamber and the microbial behavior and byproducts. This information is used to create an individual treatment plan for a reservoir to maximize the resource recovery, for example during Microbiobial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR). | 2012-03-22 |
20120070884 | SYSTEM FOR INCUBATING THE CONTENTS OF A REACTION RECEPTACLE - An automated analyzer for performing multiple diagnostic assays includes multiple modules in which aspects of the assay are performed on fluid samples contained in reaction receptacles. The analyzer includes stations for automatically preparing a sample, pre-heating the sample, incubating the sample, performing an analyte isolation procedure, and ascertaining the presence of a target analyte. A receptacle transporting system moves reaction receptacles from one station to the next. A method for performing an assay includes an automated process for isolating and amplifying a target analyte. The process is performed by moving each of a plurality of reaction receptacles containing a solid support material and a fluid sample between stations for pre-heating and incubating the contents of the reaction receptacle and for separating the target analyte bound to the solid support from the fluid sample. An amplification reagent is added to the analyte after the separation step and before incubation. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070885 | INTEGRATED DEVICE FOR ANALYZING AQUEOUS SAMPLES USING LIPID MULTILAYER GRATINGS - Described is a device comprising lipid multilayer gratings. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070886 | MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE - A microfluidic device having a substrate with an array of curvilinear cavities. The substrate of the microfluidic device is preferably fabricated of a polymer such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The microfluidic device is manufactured using a gas expansion molding (GEM) technique. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070887 | Cell Visualization System for Multi-Layer Cell Culture Device - The present invention relates generally to a multi-layer system for containing cells in culture, and a system for visualizing cells cultured in the multi-layered system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a multi-layer cell culture device having a specialized bottom plate and a microscope adaptor which can accommodate a microscope to allow microscopic visualization of cells cultured in the device. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070888 | Horizontal Array Bioreactor for Conversion of Syngas Components to Liquid Products - A membrane supported bioreactor arrangement and method for anaerobic conversion of gas into liquid products including membrane modules having hollow fibers, each of the hollow fibers formed from an asymmetric membrane wall having a porous outer layer defining biopores for retaining a porous biolayer about the outer surface of the membrane wall and a less permeable hydration layer around the hollow fiber lumen; a membrane vessel for retaining the membrane modules in a process gas for formation of the biolayer on the outer surface of the hollow fiber wall by interaction of microorganisms with a process gas and for the production of a liquid product, wherein the membrane vessel retains the membrane modules in a common horizontal plane; provides a seal between contents of the membrane tank and ambient atmosphere; and includes a liquid supply conduit for communicating the process liquid with the hollow fiber lumens of the hollow fibers. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070889 | HYBRID BIOREACTOR FOR REDUCTION OF CAPITAL COSTS - A bioreactor with first and second containers has translucent sidewalls housing a plurality of planar membranes over which a slurry of water and photosynthetic microorganisms flows. A light collector is mounted adjacent a gap between the first and second containers for receiving incident light and conveying the light through optical waveguides, such as fibers, to distributors. The distributors are mounted in the first and second containers near a lower end of the substrates so that photons incident on the optical waveguides are conveyed through the optical waveguides to the light distributors and then to the lower ends of the substrates where light passing through the translucent sidewalls is less intense. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070890 | TARGETED GENE MODIFICATION BY PARVOVIRAL VECTORS - This invention provides methods for obtaining targeted gene modification in vertebrate cells using parvoviral vectors, including adeno-associated virus (AAV). The parvoviral vectors used in the methods of the invention are capable of targeting a specific genetic modification to a preselected target locus in a cellular genome by homologous pairing. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070891 | INHIBITION-BASED HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREEN STRATEGY FOR CELL CLONES - A method for screening cells with high level expression of a target protein is disclosed. The method includes introducing into a plurality of host cells a DNA construct that encodes both a target protein and an inhibitor to an endogenous selectable marker in the host cells, screening host cells harboring the DNA construct for the expression of the endogenous selectable marker, and isolating cells with reduced expression of the selectable marker. Also disclosed is a DNA construct configured to express both the target protein and the inhibitor inside the host cell. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070892 | DNA Virus MicroRNA and Methods for Inhibiting Same - The invention relates to isolated nucleic acid molecules comprising the sequence of a human cytomegalovirus microRNA. In another embodiment, the invention relates to single stranded DNA virus microRNA molecules comprising the sequence of a human cytomegalovirus microRNA. The invention also relates to the anti-DNA virus microRNA molecules. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070893 | METHODS FOR PRODUCING NONADHERENT AVIAN CELL LINES - The present invention relates to a method for producing avian cell lines, comprising gradual or complete withdrawal of growth factors, serum and/or feeder layer so that the established lines are adherent or nonadherent cells capable of proliferating indefinitely in a basic culture medium. The invention also relates to the cells derived from such lines which are particularly useful for the production of substances of interest. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070894 | Thermophilic and thermoacidophilic sugar transporter genes and enzymes from alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius and related organisms, methods - Isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from | 2012-03-22 |
20120070895 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SUSTAINING VIABILITY OF BIOLOGICAL CELLS ON A SUBSTRATE - A method for the transient transformation of a living biological cell having an intact cell membrane defining an intracellular domain, and an apparatus for the transient transformation of biological cells. The method and apparatus include introducing a compartmentalized extracellular component fixedly attached to a cellular penetrant structure to the intracellular domain of the cell, wherein the cell is fixed in a predetermined location and wherein the component is expressed within in the cell while being retained within the compartment and wherein the compartment restricts the mobility and interactions of the component within the cell and prevents transference of the component to the cell. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070896 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS AND METHOD FOR CULTURING THE SAME - [Object] To provide a technology for production of safer iPS cells and to provide a more efficient technology for culturing iPS cells. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070897 | Method For Enucleating Nucleated Erythrocyte, And Enucleation Inducer - Provided is a factor capable of inducing enucleation, which is a final stage of erythrocyte differentiation, within a short time. More particularly, provided are a method of inducing enucleation, which is a final stage of erythrocyte differentiation, within a short time by adding a compound derived from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) to an undifferentiated (nucleated) erythrocyte, and an enucleation inducer including the compound. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070898 | iCell - The iCell is a newly-created cell that is incubated and harvested using sprouted barley grain (or other gluten grains) along with clover seeds, pepper seeds, alfalfa water, and a live yeast sponge. An electrical current is used to stimulate the curing process to solidify the iCell in a contained field. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070899 | EFFECTIVE VECTOR PLATFORM FOR GENE TRANSFER AND GENE THERAPY - The invention relates to the discovery that mutations of serine residues of an AAV capsid results in significantly greater transfection efficiency than the wild type AAV2 virus. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of improving efficiency of gene transfer and/or gene therapy to a cell by inhibiting phosphorylation of one or more serine residues of a virus capsid protein, where the inhibition of the phosphorylation of one or more serine residues results in a decrease of ubiquitination of the virus capsid protein in the cell. In another embodiment, one of the one or more serine residues is Serine 264. In another embodiment, the Serine 264 residue is mutated to Alanine (S 264 A). | 2012-03-22 |
20120070900 | T-DNA/PROTEIN NANO-COMPLEXES FOR PLANT TRANSFORMATION - A DNA/protein nano-complex for transfecting eukaryotic cells, wherein the nano-complex comprises an expressible nucleotide molecule complexed with a VirD2 protein molecule, and a RecA protein molecule complexed with the nucleotide molecule/VirD2 protein molecule complex. The nucleotide molecule/VirD2 protein molecule/RecA protein molecule complexed may be further complexed to a cell penetrating peptide. The DNA/protein nano-complex can be used for delivering the expressible nucleotide molecule to target plant cells, in particular, monocot plant cells exemplified by wheat cells, corn cells, triticale cells, barley cells, and rye cells. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070902 | METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF SUGAR CHAINS BY MASS SPECTROMETRY - Provided is a highly accurate means for analyzing a sugar chain contained in a biological sample by MALDI-TOF MS or such a mass spectrometry method. In the present invention, it was found to be possible to improve the ionization efficiency of a sugar chain by methylating the hydroxyl groups of the sample sugar chain before conducting the MALDI-TOF MS analysis, and by so doing to carry out quantitative analysis and structural analysis of the sample sugar chain with high accuracy. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070903 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE HOT-SPOT TEMPERATURE IN AN ELECTRIC APPARATUS CONTAINING AN OIL - A method for measuring the real hot-spot temperature in an electric apparatus containing an oil, such as an electric power transformer. The electric apparatus is operated under predetermined and modifiable operating conditions. This method comprises the use of one or several chemical compounds or tracers present and soluble in the oil. Each tracer may transform, at a given temperature, in order to form a residue, such as a soluble gas. From the presence of the residue in the oil, the operator will be able to determine under which predetermined operating condition the hot-spot has been reached and to deduce the hot-spot for a given condition. Among different used compounds, there are diazoic compounds, carbonyl metals, colorants, pigments, liquid crystals and albumins. The method also allows to check the quality of the apparatus on the market and to estimate its life span. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070904 | NANOPOROUS CARBOHYDRATE FRAMEWORKS AND THE SEQUESTRATION AND DETECTION OF MOLECULES USING THE SAME - Disclosed are cyclodextrin-based metal organic frameworks comprising a metal cation and cyclodextrin or a cyclodextrin derivative. These metal organic frameworks are permanently porous and capable of molecule storage. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070905 | Processes and Devices for Determining Body Parameters - A process for the determination of body parameters, in which body hair removed by shaving, especially facial hair, is separated from body substances adhering thereto or body substances removed by shaving. Body substances include skin particles, fat and/or perspiration. The separated body hair is tested for its mineral content and/or the separated, removed body substances are analyzed for their pH and/or their conductance. A device for performing the process is also disclosed. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070906 | UNITIZED POINT-OF-CARE URINE DIPSTICK CONTROL DEVICE - A control device suitable for a urine reagent strip comprises an elongated package having front and rear walls, a top portion and a bottom portion, and an elongated chamber partially filled with test urine. An elongated chamber extends from the top portion to the bottom portion. At least a portion of one of the walls at the chamber is substantially transparent or translucent. The device includes a flap of at least one quarter inch wide on one side of the chamber and a closed access section in the top portion. User information is on at least one of the walls. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070907 | METHOD TO DEPLETE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES IN A BIOLOGICAL SAMPLE - The present invention provides methods for depleting a biological sample from a patient of a humanized or chimeric monoclonal antibody prior to cross-matching the sample for transplantation. The method comprises treating the sample with a peptide or other moiety that selectively binds to the antibody, forming a peptide-antibody complex and removing the complex from the serum sample. These steps may be repeated as many times as needed to reduce the humanized or chimeric monoclonal antibody to the desired level. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070908 | IMMUNO CONJUGATE AND PROCESS FOR PREPARATION THEREOF - Present invention deals with a new immuno-reagent comprising hapten (MPAD)-protein-gold for pesticides detection. The conjugate MPAD-protein-gold competes with the analyte of interest for a finite number of binding sites provided by anti-atrazine antibodies coated on nitrocellulose membrane. The newly developed conjugate has a long shelf life with high stability at 4° C. The dynamic concentration range for standard atrazine solutions shows a linear inhibition (decrease in intensity of color) between 10 ppb to 1 ppm atrazine in water samples. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070909 | LABEL-FREE METHOD FOR DETECTING PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF NUCLEIC ACIDS - The present invention is directed to a method of detecting presence or absence of a target nucleic acid using negatively charged metallic nanoparticles dissolved in a solution. A nucleic acid probe with a substantially neutral net charge is used for detecting the target nucleic acid. The present invention is also directed to a kit including at least one nucleic acid probe with a substantially neutral net charge and at least one type of negatively charged metallic nanoparticles for carrying out the method. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070910 | MICROANALYSIS METHODS AND SYSTEMS USING FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR - Provided is a microanalysis method and system using a Field Effect Transistor (FET). The microanalysis method includes a channel region having a receptor molecule fixed; forming a nano-particle conjugate in the channel region by supplying a sample for test and the nano-particle conjugate to the FET; growing a probe material on the channel region; and measuring a current flowing through the channel region, wherein the receptor molecule is a material that is selectively bonded to a target molecule in the sample for test. | 2012-03-22 |
20120070911 | Method of Detecting and Quantifying Analytes of Interest in a Liquid and Implementation Device - The invention provides a method of detecting and quantifying analytes present in a solution, which is portable, rapid, inexpensive, selective and ultra-sensitive. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a method of detecting and quantifying analytes of interest ( | 2012-03-22 |
20120070912 | DETECTION METHOD AND QUANTIFICATION METHOD FOR TARGET SUBSTANCE - Provided are a detection method and a quantification method for a detection target, which can detect and quantify the detection target rapidly, inexpensively, simply, and with high accuracy in a variety of environments. A method for detecting the detection target in a specimen includes processes in which there are mixed a first binding substance which binds a first material containing a stimuli-responsive polymer and a first affinity substance which has affinity for the detection target, a second binding substance which binds a hydrophilic second material and a second affinity substance which has affinity for the detection target, and a specimen; the resulting mixture is placed under conditions where the stimuli-responsive polymer agglutinates and the mixture is developed into a developing carrier, or the resulting mixture is developed into a developing carrier and the mixture is placed under conditions where the stimuli-responsive polymer agglutinates; the signal produced by the presence of the first binding substance or the second binding substance in the developing carrier is verified; and the presence of the detection target in the specimen is determined when the signal is different from that when the detection target is absent. The first affinity substance and the second affinity substance can bind to different positions of the detection target. | 2012-03-22 |