Entries |
Document | Title | Date |
20080215242 | PETROPHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF MULTIPASS ARRAY RESISTIVITY DATA OBTAINED WHILE DRILLING - Resistivity measurements at different radial depths of investigation obtained from multiple passes of a resistivity tool through a borehole are analyzed together to obtain indications of at least one of fractional flow, oil saturation, and water saturation in a formation. | 09-04-2008 |
20080215243 | Processing of Multi-Component Induction Measurements in a Biaxially Anisotropic Formation - Measurements made by a multi-component logging tool in a borehole are inverted to obtain three principal resistivities (or conductivities) and three associated angles of a bi-axially symmetric formation traversed by the borehole. | 09-04-2008 |
20080221797 | Remotely reconfigurable system for mapping subsurface geological anomalies - Methods and apparatus are provided for receiving, detecting and transmitting geophysical data from a plurality of electrodes placed in the soil utilizing a dynamically reconfigurable wireless control unit that is located on each electrode. Data from the control units is transmitted by a wireless signal to a centralized data processor for analysis. Control data is provided from a central control processor to the control unit by wireless transmission. The control unit, which is positioned, includes a multi-channel radio frequency transmitter/receiver and a processor to actuate relays and record data returns from the measured substrate soil for transmission to the central data processor. The control unit incorporates a changeable code or address to unambiguously identify itself, and its spatial relationship to other electrodes, to the central data processor and the central control processor. The control units are equipped with a GPS positioning device to allow for automatic transmission of electrode location and for electrode placement without a manual survey being required. | 09-11-2008 |
20080228401 | Method and Apparatus for Measuring the Resistivity of Electromagnetic Waves of the Earth - Disclosed is a method and apparatus for measuring the electromagnetic wave resistivity of earth formations. The disclosed method and apparatus use an electric field sensor, a magnetic field sensor in conjunction with a data collecting system to obtain data samples from strata, determine certain parameters associated with the data samples, such as a depth coefficient and a surface-layer depth coefficient, establish an observational reference frame based upon an equation defined by the stratum depth (H) and propagation frequency (F) and an equation defined by the electromagnetic wave resistivity (ρ) and stratum depth (H), and utilize the reference frame to record results from a data collecting, controlling, storing and processing system configured for continuously measuring the electromagnetic wave resistivity of earth formations. Compared with the conventional method where the multi-variable theory and formula is used for determining the stratum depth and/or thickness, the presently disclosed method uses actual data to determine the relationship between the stratum depth (H) and propagation frequency (F), which makes the resistivity of earth formations the only variable to be measured and thus significantly improves the accuracy of depth measurements. In addition, the disclosed apparatus provides almost real-time data processing of the collected data samples to produce a changing curve of the measured electromagnetic wave resistivity corresponding to any changes in the stratum depth. The disclosed method and apparatus can be directly applied in the field of mineral exploration, and it will reduce the number of well drills and improve the efficiency of mineral exploration. | 09-18-2008 |
20080234937 | DETERMINATION OF GAS SATURATION RADIAL PROFILE FROM MULTI-FREQUENCY NMR DATA - A method for determining fluid saturation in a formation at a plurality of radial depths near a wellbore, the method including: obtaining multi-frequency nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) response data for the formation; and processing the data to determine simultaneously the fluid saturation at each radial depth. A computer program product is provided. | 09-25-2008 |
20080275648 | Method of optimizing a well path during drilling - A method for determining a list of survey points for a drilling well includes a feedback loop in which one or more measured parameters are compared with computed or derived parameters. The computed parameters are typically obtained from other/additional measurements. For example, in one exemplary embodiment of the invention, a magnetic least distance vector determined via magnetic ranging is compared with a geometric least distance vector computed from conventional borehole surveying measurements. Estimates of the drilling well azimuth and/or inclination may be adjusted to yield a good agreement between the magnetic and geometric least distance vectors. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention advantageously provide for a substantially real-time determination of a definitive well path for a drilling well as well as a substantially real-time relative placement of the drilling well with respect to a target well. | 11-06-2008 |
20080288171 | DUAL STANDOFF RESISTIVITY IMAGING INSTRUMENT, METHODS AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCTS - A resistivity imaging apparatus includes: a first sensor electrode disposed on an electrode pad and positioned at a first standoff; a second sensor electrode disposed on the electrode pad and adjacent the first sensor electrode, the second sensor electrode positioned at a second standoff; and a return electrode disposed on the electrode pad, wherein the sensor electrodes and the return electrode are configured for injecting current into a formation and receiving a signal from the formation. Other embodiments, methods and computer program products are disclosed. | 11-20-2008 |
20090005992 | Method and System for Removing Effects of Conductive Casings and Wellbore and Surface Heterogeneity in Electromagnetic Imaging Surveys - Characterizing a reservoir with electromagnetic imaging surveys includes normalizing measured voltage data by transmitter moment, sorting the normalized voltage data into common receiver profiles, densely resampling transmitter locations using common positions for the receiver profiles, coarsely resampling the data at discreet transmitter locations, defining a starting model for inversion, weighting the data by a factor, converting the normalized voltage data to ratios, calculating a conductivity image using a ratio inversion method, and verifying that an inversion has converged and the image is geologically reasonable. The image can then be displayed. The invention can be used for cross-well, surface-to-borehole, and borehole-to-surface measurements by which the effects of steel casing are reduced. | 01-01-2009 |
20090005993 | Characterizing an Earth Subterranean Structure by Iteratively Performing Inversion Based on a Function - To characterize an earth subterranean structure using a measurement assembly including electromagnetic (EM) receivers and one or more EM sources, measured voltage data collected by EM receivers in response to transmission by one or more EM sources is received. Based on a model, predicted EM data is computed. Inversion is iteratively performed according to a function that computes a difference between the measured voltage data and a product of a term containing the predicted EM data and a term containing distortion data that accounts at least for distortion effect by an environment of the measurement assembly. The inversion is iteratively performed to solve for parameters of the model and the distortion data. | 01-01-2009 |
20090005994 | Time Lapse Analysis with Electromagnetic Data - Method for determining time-dependent changes [ | 01-01-2009 |
20090030615 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPTIMIZING MAGNETIC SIGNALS AND DETECTING CASING AND RESISTIVITY - A method of locating a conductive target from a wellbore includes generating a current flowing across an insulated gap in a downhole tool positioned in the wellbore, measuring an azimuthal magnetic field with at least one external magnetometer located proximate the exterior of the downhole tool, measuring a secondary magnetic field using a magnetometer disposed inside the downhole tool, computing at least one of a direction and a distance to the conductive target. | 01-29-2009 |
20090037109 | METHOD AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR DETERMINING A DEGREE OF SIMILARITY BETWEEN WELL LOG DATA - A computer program product includes machine readable instructions stored on machine readable media, the instructions for correlating nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) well logging data with other well logging data, the product including instructions for: receiving the NMR well logging data; receiving the other well logging data; determining a tendency of the NMR logging data to correlate with the other logging data and providing output including correlation information. A system is also provided. | 02-05-2009 |
20090082969 | Adaptive Borehole Corrections Accounting for Eccentricity for Array Laterlogs - Disclosed is an adaptive borehole correction (ABC) technique based on an inversion approach that advantageously corrects shallow laterolog measurements for borehole effects, including determining and accounting for unknown tool eccentricity. The algorithm is based on simplex radial 1-D inversion where at every logging up to four unknowns are determined, namely tool eccentricity, Rt, Rxo, and Lxo. After that a borehole correction methodology is employed wherein the tool response in a borehole with real mud resistivity Rm is modified to a response in the borehole with virtual mud resistivity equal to Rxo. | 03-26-2009 |
20090105955 | Sensors For Estimating Properties Of A Core - A method for estimating a property downhole is provided, which, in one aspect, may include receiving a core at a receiving end of a downhole tool while removing a portion of the received core distal from the receiving end of the tool, obtaining measurements by a sensor downhole, and processing the measurements to estimate the property of interest. | 04-23-2009 |
20090138202 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMAGING BED BOUNDARIES USING AZIMUTHAL PROPAGATION RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS - A method for imaging a geologic deposit using data collected from a borehole includes: selecting an instrument for performing electromagnetic (EM) measurements, the instrument including at least one transmitter and at least one orthogonally oriented receiver; obtaining EM measurement data from the borehole with the instrument; transforming the EM measurement data to acoustic data; and estimating at least one of a direction and a distance from the instrument to the deposit from the data. A computer program product and a system are provided. | 05-28-2009 |
20090143989 | WELLBORE LOGGING PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION METHOD AND APPARATUS - A method for correcting a measurement of a property of a subsurface material includes: selecting an instrument that includes a test circuit and a separate sensor, the sensor adapted for transmitting an electric signal into the subsurface material and receiving a data signal from the subsurface material, wherein the test circuit and the sensor are switchably coupled to an electronics unit of the instrument; receiving the electric signal from the test circuit in the electronics unit; using the electronics unit, measuring at least one output characteristic of the instrument; and applying a correction to the data signal according to the measured output characteristic. An instrument and an additional method are provided. | 06-04-2009 |
20090157316 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR REMOVING EFFECTS OF CONDUCTIVE CASINGS AND WELLBORE AND SURFACE HETEROGENEITY IN ELECTROMAGNETIC IMAGING SURVEYS - Characterizing a reservoir with electromagnetic imaging surveys includes normalizing measured voltage data by transmitter moment, sorting the normalized voltage data into common receiver profiles, densely resampling transmitter locations using common positions for the receiver profiles, coarsely resampling the data at discreet transmitter locations, defining a starting model for inversion, weighting the data by a factor, converting the normalized voltage data to ratios, calculating a conductivity image using a ratio inversion method, and verifying that an inversion has converged and the image is geologically reasonable. The image can then be displayed. The invention can be used for cross-well, surface-to-borehole, borehole-to-surface, and single-well (borehole-to-borehole) measurements by which the effects of steel casing are reduced. | 06-18-2009 |
20090171587 | Method for Determining Receiver Orientations - Method for completely specifying orientation of electromagnetic receivers dropped to the ocean bottom in an electromagnetic survey. Survey data are selected, rejecting noisy data with long offsets and data where the receiver has saturated with short offsets ( | 07-02-2009 |
20090177403 | Logging While Drilling System - A logging-while-drilling system for efficiently providing a reliable measurement of various petrophysical properties of subsurface earth formations. The logging-while-drilling system generally includes drilling a wellbore within an earth formation, circulating a fluid within the wellbore and injecting it inside the earth formation under pressure, taking a first measurement of the earth formation as altered by the injected fluid within the earth formation during an initial stage of drilling the wellbore, taking a second measurement of the earth formation as altered by the injected fluid within the earth formation during a later stage after the initial stage of drilling the wellbore and determining a zero-time state measurement of the earth formation from a combination of the first measurement and the second measurement, wherein the zero-time state measurement represents the earth formation prior to drilling the wellbore, and determining an infinite-time state measurement of the earth formation from another combination of the first measurement and the second measurement, wherein the infinite-time state measurement represents the earth formation as altered by the injected fluid within the earth formation, assuming the injection had continued indefinitely. Different combinations of the zero-time state measurement, the first measurement, the second measurement, and the infinite-time state measurement, are used to determine the petrophysical parameters of the earth formation, such as but not limited to, volumetric composition, permeability, wettability, and reservoir rock-type. | 07-09-2009 |
20090192713 | Determining Structural Dip and Azimuth From LWD Resistivity Measurements in Anisotropic Formations - Cross-component measurements in combination with standard propagation resistivity measurements are processed to estimate the vertical and horizontal resistivities, relative dip and relative azimuth of an anisotropic earth formation. | 07-30-2009 |
20090192714 | Characterization of Fracture Length and Formation Resistivity from Array Induction Data - Measurements made by a multi-array/multi-frequency induction resistivity logging tool in a borehole are used for determining the length of fractures in an earth formation and the resistivity of the unfractured formation when the fractures have a resistive fluid. A look-up table based on modeling of a fracture by a pair of wings is used. | 07-30-2009 |
20090204327 | Method For Determining Physical Properties of Structures - Method for efficient inversion of controlled-source electromagnetic survey data to obtain a resistivity model of the subsurface of the survey area. The method extracts the dimensions and location of sub-surface structures as they may be revealed by existing seismic or other available high resolution survey data from the subsurface area ( | 08-13-2009 |
20090216454 | True Amplitude Transient Electromagnetic System Response Measurement - A method for mapping sub-surface resistivity contrasts comprising making multi-channel transient electromagnetic (MTEM) measurements using at least one electric source with grounded input current electrodes or one magnetic source with current in a wire loop or multi loop and at least one electric field or magnetic field receiver, measuring the resultant earth response simultaneously at each receiver using a known recording system, measuring the system response by measuring directly the current in the wire at the source using effectively the same recording system, using the measured system response to recover the impulse response of the earth from each measured earth response, and creating from such impulse responses a sub-surface representation of resistivity contrasts. | 08-27-2009 |
20090240435 | Method and apparatus for eliminating drill effect in pulse induction measurements - A method and apparatus provide a time-dependent calibration to essentially eliminate pipe effect in pulse-induction logging while drilling. Use of two receivers to provide calibration and measurement information allows determination of formation properties in a downhole environment while eliminating the effect of tool effects. | 09-24-2009 |
20090248308 | SIMULTANEOUS INVERSION OF INDUCTION DATA FOR DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITY AND ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY - A method of inverting induction logging data for evaluating the properties of underground formations surrounding a borehole, the data comprising induction voltage measurements obtained from a tool placed close to the formations of interest, the method comprises: (a) defining a relationship relating the induction voltage to wave number, dielectric permittivity and conductivity; defining a cubic polynomial expansion of the relationship; and solving the cubic polynomial relationship using the voltage measurements to obtain values for conductivity that includes skin-effect correction, and apparent dielectric permittivity; and (b) using the obtained values for conductivity and apparent dielectric permittivity to derive a simulated value of induction voltage; determining the difference between the simulated value of the induction voltage and the measured induction voltage; and iteratively updating the values of conductivity and dielectric permittivity used for the derivation of the simulated value of induction voltage to minimise its difference with respect to the measured value. | 10-01-2009 |
20090254281 | LITHOFACIES CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD - A method of analyzing characteristics of a subterranean formation includes applying a wavelet transform to measured data or to derived data obtained from the measured data, the measured data obtained by measuring a physical property at each of a plurality of positions in a borehole that penetrates the subterranean formation; selecting one or more scales for analyzing wavelet coefficients; performing a segmentation of the data; calculating a distribution of wavelet coefficients for each scale, for one or more spatial directions of wavelet transform application, for the wavelet transform of the data and for each segment that belongs to the portion on which the wavelet transform has been calculated; and for each segment, analyzing a distribution of the data and the distribution of the wavelet coefficients for each scale in terms of their overlap with corresponding distributions of training samples to produce a geological interpretation of the subterranean formation. | 10-08-2009 |
20090254282 | METHOD OF FINITE-ELEMENT DISCRETIZATION IN HETEROGENEOUS AND HIGHLY CONDUCTIVE GRID CELLS - A method for simulating a conductivity measured by a resistivity tool disposed in a borehole penetrating a formation, the method including: constructing a main grid extending from the borehole into the formation; constructing an auxiliary grid that is local to the main grid and fitted to a boundary between a first region having a first conductivity and a second region having a second conductivity; discretizing a problem operator on the auxiliary grid applying Maxwell's Equations to a volume represented by the auxiliary local grid, the Maxwell's Equations including a term representing the conductivity of a material in the volume; calculating one-dimensional functions for points on the auxiliary grid; constructing basic functions from the calculated functions; discretizing by the basic functions for points on the main grid; solving the resulting set of equations to obtain the simulated measured conductivity for the resistivity tool; and providing the simulated measured conductivity as output. | 10-08-2009 |
20090259403 | METHOD OF DETERMINING RESERVOIR PARAMETERS - A method of determining the effect of formation porosity on formation resistivity and parameters derived from the formation resistivity is described, including the step of determining for a depth interval a heterogeneity measure; and using a pre-defined relation to transform the heterogeneity measure into an algebraic term determining the effect of the formation porosity on the formation resistivity, based for example on Archie's law or similar relations. | 10-15-2009 |
20090265111 | SIGNAL PROCESSING METHOD FOR MARINE ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNALS - A method for processing marine electromagnetic signal measurements includes acquiring magnetotelluric (MT) measurements from below a bottom of a body of water at a plurality of positions along the water bottom at substantially the same times at each position. Controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) measurements are acquired from below the water bottom at substantially the same positions at substantially the same time at each position. The MT measurements and the CSEM measurements are jointly processed to obtain a model of conductivity distribution in the formations below the water bottom. | 10-22-2009 |
20090281731 | Characterizing at Least One Property of a Liner that Lines a Well - Impedances of an electromagnetic (EM) coil positioned in a well lined with an electrically conductive liner are determined. The impedances correspond to plural frequencies of operation of the EM coil. Based on the impedances of the EM coil corresponding to the plural frequencies, an attenuation factor associated with the electrically conductive liner is determined. | 11-12-2009 |
20090287416 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ANALYZING A LAMINATED SAND/SHALE FORMATION - A method for analyzing a formation, that includes plotting resistivity data points on a resistivity graph to obtain plotted resistivity data points, and selecting a first shale point on the resistivity graph based on the plotted resistivity data points. The first shale point represents a resistivity anisotropy of shale in the formation. The method further includes generating, for each of a plurality of shale fraction values, a first shale fraction curve on the resistivity graph based on the shale fraction value and the first shale point, and generating, for each of a plurality of sand resistivity values, a first sand resistivity curve on the resistivity graph based on the sand resistivity value and the first shale point. A hydrocarbon yielding region in the formation is identified based on the first sand resistivity curves and the first shale fraction curves. | 11-19-2009 |
20090292471 | Statistical Correction for Standoff in Two-Terminal Imager Operating in Oil-Based Mud - An apparatus, method and computer-readable medium for estimating a resistivity property of an earth formation in a borehole filled with oil-based mud. The method includes conveying a logging tool into a borehole; measuring a plurality of impedance values of the earth formation, each of the plurality of impedance values being obtained at one of a plurality of measure electrodes on the logging tool; determining a coefficient related to an electrical property of the mud from a plurality of pairs of impedance values; estimating the resistivity property of the formation from the determined coefficient; and recording the resistivity property on a suitable medium. | 11-26-2009 |
20090306896 | Apparatus for Formation Resistivity Imaging in Wells with Oil-Based Drilling Fluids - Sequential measurements are made using a two terminal resistivity imaging device wherein the measure electrodes are activated sequentially with the remaining electrodes in a floating mode. This eliminates the hardware requirements for focusing electrodes, prevents galvanic leakage between proximal electrodes and the effects of mutual coupling between circuits including proximal electrodes. | 12-10-2009 |
20100004866 | USING MULTICOMPONENT INDUCTION DATA TO IDENTIFY DRILLING INDUCED FRACTURES WHILE DRILLING - A method for identifying drilling induced fractures while drilling a wellbore into a formation is disclosed. The method includes: obtaining multi-component induction data collected by a drill string including a multi-component induction tool; processing the data to estimate values for principal components; and identifying drilling induced fractures from the principal components. An instrument and a computer program product are disclosed. | 01-07-2010 |
20100010744 | MONTE CARLO METHOD FOR LAPLACE INVERSION OF NMR DATA - Methods and related systems are described for extracting information about a system of nuclear spins including: performing a plurality of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) measurements on the system of nuclear spins; acquiring NMR data from each of the plurality of NMR measurements; performing data inversion using an random-sampler to generate an ensemble of spectra so as to extract information about the system of nuclear spins; and analyzing the performed random-sampler inversion results to extract information about the system of nuclear spins. | 01-14-2010 |
20100017132 | METHOD FOR EVALUATING MEASURED ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA RELATING TO A SUBSURFACE REGION - A method for evaluating measured electromagnetic (EM) data relating to a subsurface region, comprising the steps of: (a) specifying at least one model of the region in terms of fundamental parameters with uncertainty, using a fundamental inversion grid; (b) receiving the measured EM data and an estimated error; (c) translating the fundamental parameters of the model to meta parameters of the region and to a computational grid suitable for forward modelling and comparison to the measured EM data, using relationships with uncertainty; and (d) carrying out a Bayesian inversion using the measured data and estimated error to produce an output comprising fundamental parameters of the region on the fundamental inversion grid with uncertainty. The method allows physical measurements with error to be translated into fundamental parameters which can be used to assess business risk and uncertainty for making decisions, and also provides for parameters and models which can typically be directly estimated by a geoscientist on a coarse spatial grid to be used as an input, and validated using the measured data with error. | 01-21-2010 |
20100017133 | Method for reducing induction noise in towed marine electromagnetic survey signals - A method for reducing effect of motion on electromagnetic signals detected while moving an electromagnetic receiver through a body of water includes measuring a parameter related to an amount of current passed through an electromagnetic transmitter to induce an electromagnetic field in subsurface formations. A magnetic field proximate the electromagnetic receiver is measured. A transmitter portion of the measured magnetic field is estimated from the measured parameter. A motion portion of the measured magnetic field is estimated from the measured magnetic field and the estimated transmitter portion. A voltage induced in the receiver is estimated from the estimated motion portion. Signals detected by the receiver are corrected using the estimated voltage. | 01-21-2010 |
20100049442 | PROCESSING OF AZIMUTHAL RESISTIVITY DATA IN A RESISTIVITY GRADIENT - A method for increasing sensitivity in a measurement of at least one of magnitude and direction of resistivity in a subsurface material, the method including: performing a first set of measurements of resistivity of the subsurface material using a first logging instrument; constructing a model of a background signal using the first set of measurements; calculating a predicted response of a second logging instrument to the model of the background signal; performing a second set of measurements of at least one of magnitude and direction of resistivity of the subsurface material using the second logging instrument; deriving a second logging instrument response from the second set of measurements; and subtracting the predicted response from the second logging instrument response to produce a corrected response that has greater sensitivity than the second logging instrument response. | 02-25-2010 |
20100057365 | Apparatus and Method for Estimating Eccentricity Effects in Resistivity Measurements - A method of evaluating an earth formation is disclosed which includes conveying a logging tool into a borehole in the earth formation and using the logging tool to obtain a first set of azimuthally-independent resistivity measurements of the earth formation and a second set of azimuthally-sensitive resistivity measurements of the earth formation and estimating a value of a property of the earth formation using the first set of measurements and the second set of measurements, the estimation being substantially unaffected by a displacement of the logging tool from a center of the borehole. | 03-04-2010 |
20100063738 | FLUID CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT TOOL AND METHODS - An apparatus and method for measuring the conductivity of borehole fluid. Based on the fluid conductivity, the fluid type may also be identified. The apparatus and method can be useful in differentiating between native water and injected water in oil recovery operations. The apparatus and method presented can also be used to calibrate testing and production equipment allowing for more reliable and accurate measurements. The apparatus and method presented can further be used to better characterize water to oil ratio in reservoirs. | 03-11-2010 |
20100070181 | LATEROLOG SHUNT MEASUREMENT - An apparatus for estimating a property of a formation penetrated by a borehole, the apparatus having: a first electrode and a second electrode configured to couple to a characteristic impedance of a material disposed in the borehole; a third electrode configured with the first electrode to electrically couple to a characteristic impedance of the formation; a circuit element coupled to the first electrode and to the second electrode and having a characteristic impedance; a first sensing circuit coupled to the circuit element and configured to provide a first signal related to the impedance of the borehole material; and a second sensing circuit coupled to the first electrode and the third electrode and configured to provide a second signal related to the characteristic impedance of the formation; wherein the first signal and the second signal are used to estimate the property. A method is also provided. | 03-18-2010 |
20100082255 | METHOD FOR BOREHOLE CORRECTION, FORMATION DIP AND AZIMUTH DETERMINATION AND RESISTIVITY DETERMINATION USING MULTIAXIAL INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS - A method for determining electromagnetic induction properties of subsurface rock formations includes determining an eccentering angle of a well logging instrument disposed in a wellbore. The instrument includes at least one triaxial induction transmitter and at least one triaxial induction receiver. The eccentering angle is determined from symmetric cross component measurement differences. The triaxial induction measurements made from the at least one receiver are rotated to an apparent eccentering angle of zero. At least one electromagnetic induction property is determined from the rotated triaxial induction measurements. | 04-01-2010 |
20100100329 | DOWNHOLE SURVEYING UTILIZING MULTIPLE MEASUREMENTS - Certain embodiments described herein provide a measure of the misalignment of multiple acceleration sensors mounted in the downhole portion of a drill string. In certain embodiments, the measure of the misalignment corresponds to a measure of sag which can be used to provide an improved estimate of the inclination of the downhole portion of the drill string and/or the wellbore. Certain embodiments described herein provide an estimate of the magnetic interference incident upon a drilling system using multiple magnetic sensors mounted within a non-magnetic region of the downhole portion of the drilling system. Certain embodiments utilize the magnetic measurements to determine an axial interference resulting from one or more magnetic portions of the downhole portion and to provide an improved estimate of the azimuthal orientation of the downhole portion with respect to the magnetic field of the Earth. | 04-22-2010 |
20100114492 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING RESISTIVITY PARAMETERS OF AN EARTH FORMATION - Disclosed herein is a method of measuring a resistivity parameter of an earth formation. The method includes: applying a first electric measurement current including a first series of pulses to a first electrode and inducing a first formation current in the earth formation; applying a second electric measurement current including a second series of pulses to a second electrode and inducing a second formation current in the earth formation, the first series of pulses and the second series of pulses occupying distinct portions of a time domain in a selected time window; measuring the first measurement current, the first formation current, the second measurement current and the second formation current by coherent in-phase demodulation; and calculating at least one resistivity parameter by i) comparing the first measurement current to the first formation current and ii) comparing the second measurement current to the second formation current. A system for measuring a resistivity parameter of an earth formation is also provided. | 05-06-2010 |
20100179762 | Method of Correcting Imaging Data For Standoff and Borehole Rugosity - An apparatus having transmitter and receiver antennas is provided for measuring conductivity of an earth formation surrounding a borehole. The apparatus utilizes an initial model to invert induction measurements of the earth formation to provide a conductivity model that includes a plurality of coaxial cylinders. | 07-15-2010 |
20100185393 | ESTIMATING PETROPHYSICAL PARAMETERS AND INVASION PROFILE USING JOINT INDUCTION AND PRESSURE DATA INVERSION APPROACH - Methods and related systems are described relating to an inversion approach for interpreting the geophysical electromagnetic data. The inversion can be constrained by using a multiphase fluid flow simulator (incorporating pressure data if available) which simulates the fluid flow process and calculates the spatial distribution of the water saturation and the salt concentration, which are in turn transformed into the formation conductivity using a resistivity-saturation formula. In this way, the inverted invasion profile is consistent with the fluid flow physics and moreover accounts for gravity segregation effects. Jointly with the pressure data, the inversion estimates a parametric one-dimensional distribution of permeability and porosity. The fluid flow volume is directly inverted from the fluid-flow-constrained inversion of the electromagnetic data. The approach is not limited by the traditional interpretation of the formation test, which is based on a single-phase model without taking into account invasion or assuming that the fluid, for example mud-filtrate, has been cleaned up from the formation testing zone. The joint inversion of the electromagnetic and pressure data provides for a more reliable interpretation of formation permeability. One advantage of the approaches described herein, is its possible generalization to three-dimensional geometries, for example dipping beds and highly deviated wells. | 07-22-2010 |
20100191470 | METHOD AND SYSTEM TO ESTIMATE FRACTURE APERTURE IN HORIZONTAL WELLS - A method for estimating a fracture aperture in a formation penetrated by a well includes obtaining at least one of a vertical resistivity (Rv) and a horizontal resistivity (Rh) of the formation; obtaining a mud resistivity (R | 07-29-2010 |
20100198519 | DEEP-READING ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA ACQUISITION METHOD - A method of measuring a parameter characteristic of a rock formation is provided, the method including the steps of obtaining crosswell electromagnetic signals between two wells and using an inversion of said signals to investigate or delineate the presence of a resistivity anomaly, such as brine in a low resistivity background, wherein the resistivity anomaly is assumed to be distributed as one or more bodies characterized by a limited number of geometrical parameters and the inversion is used to determine said geometrical parameters. The method can also be applied to determine the trajectory of an in-fill well to be drilled. | 08-05-2010 |
20100235100 | Method for determining resistivity anisotropy from earth electromagnetic responses - A method for determining resistivity anisotropy of subsurface rock formations from measurements of response to a transient electromagnetic field imparted into the subsurface and measured at a plurality of distances from a position of the imparting includes that for each offset, a step response of the formations is determined at a time from the imparting selected such that the step response is related substantially only to horizontal resistivity and at a time from the imparting selected such that the step response is related substantially only to mean resistivity. The horizontal resistivity step response and the mean resistivity step response are used to determine the resistivity anisotropy. | 09-16-2010 |
20100250140 | Method and System for Detecting and Mapping Hydrocarbon Reservoirs Using Electromagnetic Fields - The system and method provided modify a conventional seafloor long-wire electromagnetic (LEM) receiver by increasing the number of discrete antennae placed on the long wire. Two dipoles of electric field data are positioned exactly adjacent to each other, providing input to the same data logger system located within a seafloor survey unit to which the long wire is connected. Highly precise electric field gradients can be obtained by taking the difference of the measurements of the two electrodes, both for amplitude and phase. Any common-mode source of noise, such as magnetotelluric signals and receiver instrument noise will be rejected when the signals from the two electrodes are differenced. An acoustic navigation system utilizes a plurality of transponders to permit triangulation for accurate source-receiver ranging. | 09-30-2010 |
20100250141 | SUBSURFACE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY CONTRAST RECONSTRUCTION USING NARROW-BAND ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA AND FULLWAVE IMAGING - Methods and related systems are described for analyzing electromagnetic survey data. Electromagnetic survey data of a subterranean formation is obtained using at least a downhole transceiver deployed in a borehole and a transceiver positioned on the surface or in another borehole. The electromagnetic survey data includes an incident wave component and a scattered wave component. The incident and scattered components are correlated so as to generate an image of the subterranean formation indicating spatial locations of one or more features, for example, electrical properties such as resistivity variations, in the formation. The image is based at least in part on one or more interference patterns of the incident and scattered wave components. The correlation preferably includes generating a simulation of the incident wave component propagated into the formation, and convolving the simulated propagated incident wave component with the scattered wave component. The simulation can be performed using an analytic continuation or a fullwave simulation. | 09-30-2010 |
20100286915 | Monitoring Reservoirs Using Array Based Controlled Source Electromagnetic Methods - Electrical property contrast difference maps of the subsurface formations may be produced using surface and/or near surface array of transmitters and receivers tuned to emit and receive electromagnetic (EM) signals. The electrical property may be resistivity or conductivity. The maps may be time based. A time based trend change may be used to predict the location and movement of fluids within the hydrocarbon bearing or any other subsurface zones where resistivity and/or conductivity values of the fluids within these zones change over time. | 11-11-2010 |
20100299068 | APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING THE CONCENTRATION OF A CONDUCTIVE FLUID PRESENT IN A FLUID FILLED BOREHOLE - An apparatus for determining the concentration of a conductive fluid present in a fluid filled bore hole is described. Such apparatus are known as water hold-up meters and are frequently used in oil, gas and water filled bore holes. In bore hole applications, data bandwidth between a down hole device and the surface can be limited, while determining water hold-up based on down hole measurements can be data intensive. A technique is proposed for calculating the water hold up that requires less data to be transmitted between the down hole device and the surface. | 11-25-2010 |
20100305862 | BOREHOLE COMPENSATED RESISTIVITY LOGGING TOOL HAVING AN ASYMMETRIC ANTENNA SPACING - A compensated resistivity logging while drilling tool having axially asymmetrically spaced transmitters is configured to provide compensated resistivity measurements. In one exemplary embodiment, the tool includes first and second compensating transmitters, preferably deployed axially symmetrically between first and second spaced receivers. The tool further includes a plurality of transmitters deployed axially asymmetrically with respect to the receivers, e.g., on one axial side of the receivers. The compensating transmitters are configured to acquire a borehole compensation that may be subtracted from conventional phase and attenuation measurements. | 12-02-2010 |
20100305863 | Characterizing an Earth Subterranean Structure by Iteratively Performing Inversion Based on a Function - To characterize an earth subterranean structure using a measurement assembly including electromagnetic (EM) receivers and one or more EM sources, measured voltage data collected by EM receivers in response to transmission by one or more EM sources is received. Based on a model, predicted EM data is computed. Inversion is iteratively performed according to a function that computes a difference between the measured voltage data and a product of a term containing the predicted EM data and a term containing distortion data that accounts at least for distortion effect by an environment of the measurement assembly. The inversion is iteratively performed to solve for parameters of the model and the distortion data. | 12-02-2010 |
20100312478 | LOG PROCESSING IN HIGHLY DEVIATED WELLBORES - A method for processing well logging data includes method dividing the well logging data into a number of constant dimensional effect segments, where each constant dimensional effect segment defines an interval having a similar dimensional effect on the log response. The well logging data is taken from a highly deviated well, which may include portions deviated at greater than 90-degrees. The method further includes dividing the constant dimensional effect segments into a number of constant property intervals, each constant dimensional effect segment including at least one corresponding constant property interval, and each constant property interval defining a wellbore distance over which a formation property is substantially constant that results in a log response having a low variance. The method further includes providing the constant property intervals to an output device. The method further includes determining constant property intervals in 3D volume space projected them into true stratigraphic thickness, and providing the resulting log-squared data to the output device. | 12-09-2010 |
20100324826 | DETERMINATION OF COMPLEX DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS FROM ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPAGATION MEASUREMENTS - A method of determining the dielectric constant of a formation, comprising acquiring phase-related and amplitude-related measurements for electromagnetic signals propagating though the formation from a transmitter to a receiver; deriving a complex-valued quantity comprising terms relating to the phase shift and attenuation of the signals; defining a one-component complex-valued relationship relating the phase shift, attenuation and complex dielectric constant; and using the derived complex-valued quantity in the defined relationship to obtain a calculated value of the complex dielectric constant. An apparatus for determining the dielectric constant of a formation, comprises a transmitter for transmitting electromagnetic signals into the formation; a receiver for receiving the electromagnetic signals that have propagated from the transmitter through the formation; and means for determining the dielectric constant of the formation in accordance with a method according to the first aspect of the invention. | 12-23-2010 |
20110004408 | ESTIMATING SIGMA LOG BEYOND THE MEASUREMENTS POINTS - The present disclosure relates to a method to determine the capture cross-section of a subsurface formation at a desired depth in the formation. A database of Sigma values for known lithologies, porosities, and salinities is provided, and multiple Sigma measurements are obtained from a downhole logging tool. Within the database, Sigma values are interpolated to determine the respective depths of investigation of the multiple Sigma measurements. A monotonic function is fitted to the multiple Sigma measurements at the determined depths of investigation, and the capture cross-section of the subsurface formation at any desired depth in the formation is determined using the fitted function. Similarly, a system to determine the capture cross-section of a subsurface formation at a desired depth in the formation and/or a depth of invasion of drilling fluids is also disclosed. | 01-06-2011 |
20110054795 | Petrophysical Evaluation of Subterranean Formations - Methods and systems are provided for evaluating petrophysical properties of subterranean formations and comprehensively evaluating hydrate presence through a combination of computer-implemented log modeling and analysis. Certain embodiments comprise the steps of running a number of logging tools in a wellbore to obtain a variety of wellbore data and logs, and evaluating and modeling the log data to ascertain various petrophysical properties. Examples of suitable logging techniques that may be used in combination with the present invention include, but are not limited to, sonic logs, electrical resistivity logs, gamma ray logs, neutron porosity logs, density logs, NRM logs, or any combination or subset thereof. | 03-03-2011 |
20110098929 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING SURFACE ELECTROMAGNETIC SURVEYS - A technique provides a methodology for improving surveys of subterranean regions. The methodology comprises estimating macro anisotropy and an intrinsic or micro anisotropy of an overburden. A surface electromagnetic survey is conducted, and the data from the survey is inverted based on or including information gained from estimating the macro anisotropy and/or intrinsic anisotropy. A processor system can be used to conduct the inversion with the adjustments for anisotropy to improve the information provided by the survey. | 04-28-2011 |
20110172921 | METHODS AND APPARATUS TO PROCESS MEASUREMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH DRILLING OPERATIONS - Methods and apparatus to process measurements associated with drilling operations are described. An example method of modifying processing results during a subterranean formation drilling operation includes identifying a plurality of parameters and processing measurements associated with the subterranean formation obtained while drilling and the plurality of parameters to generate first results. Additionally, the example method includes processing measurements associated with the subterranean formation obtained while drilling is temporarily suspended and the plurality of parameters to generate second results and comparing the first and second results. Further, the example method includes, in response to the comparison of the first and second results, modifying the first results based on the second results to improve a quality of the first results. | 07-14-2011 |
20110202277 | Derivative Imaging for Subsurface Object Detection - A series of scans is generated for a subsurface and a derivative image is created using the series of subsurface images. One or more tests are performed on the derivative image, and a subsurface object is detected based on the one or more tests. A sensor is configured to generate a series of scans for a subsurface and a processor is coupled to the sensor. The processor is configured to execute stored program instructions that cause the processor to generate a series of images of the subsurface using the series of scans, create a derivative image using the series of subsurface images, perform one or more tests on the derivative image, and detect a subsurface object based on the one or more tests. | 08-18-2011 |
20110208431 | WORKFLOW FOR PETROPHYSICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL FORMATION EVALUATION OF WIRELINE AND LWD LOG DATA - A computer-implemented method of characterizing elastic properties of a subsurface formation at various fluid saturation conditions is disclosed. The method includes the features of estimating densities and bulk moduli of fluids and surrounding rock matrix material present in an invaded zone around a wellbore and beyond the invaded zone to record a set of log curves of density and bulk modulus of the fluids and the surrounding rock matrix material present in the invaded zones and beyond the invaded zone versus depth; recording a set of shale trend compaction curves in each wellbore; solving a set of response equations for rock and fluid volumes based on the recorded set of log curves and shale trend compaction curves to compute lithology, porosity and hydrocarbon saturation to build computer models to estimate hydrocarbon saturation for the rock matrix material penetrated in the wellbore; and using the estimated densities and the bulk moduli of the fluids and the rock matrix material near the wellbore, the shale trend compaction curves and the computed lithology, porosity and hydrocarbon saturation near the wellbore to characterize elastic properties of a subsurface formation at various fluid saturation conditions. | 08-25-2011 |
20110231098 | MULTILEVEL WORKFLOW METHOD TO EXTRACT RESISTIVITY ANISOTROPY DATA FROM 3D INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS - A method is provided for determining formation resistivity, anisotropy and dip from wellbore measurements includes moving a well logging instrument through subsurface formations. The instrument includes longitudinal magnetic dipoles and at least one of tilted and transverse magnetic dipoles. Formation layer boundaries and horizontal resistivities of the formation layers are determined from longitudinal magnetic dipole measurements. Vertical resistivities of the formation layers are determined by inversion of anisotropy sensitive measurements. Improved vertical resistivities of the formation layers and dips are determined by inverting symmetrized and anti-symmetrized measurements. Improved vertical resistivities, improved boundaries and improved dips are determined by inversion of the all dipole measurements. Improved horizontal resistivities, further improved layer boundaries and further improved dips are determined by inversion of all dipole measurements. | 09-22-2011 |
20110246075 | Providing a Transform Function to Produce a Mechanical Property of a Subterranean Structure - A transform function is useable to map a characteristic (e.g., acoustic impedance, shear impedance, density, and/or other characteristic) to a mechanical property (e.g., Young's modulus or other mechanical property). Values of the characteristic can be derived based on surface survey data, and such values can be mapped to respective values of the mechanical property using the transform function. | 10-06-2011 |
20110257886 | Three-Coil System With Short Nonconductive Inserts for Transient MWD Resistivity Measurements - A three-coil bucking system is used for determination of a formation resistivity property ahead of the drill bit. The conductive drill pipe is provided with non-conductive inserts in the proximity of at least one transmitter and at least two receivers. Transient electromagnetic signals are processed to give the estimate of the resistivity property and for geosteering. | 10-20-2011 |
20110301849 | Classifying Potential Hydrocarbon Reservoirs Using Electromagnetic Survey Information - A probabilistic method for classifying observed CSEM response for a resistive anomaly to classify the response into multiple geologic categories indicative of hydrocarbon production potential. Each category is assigned a prior probability ( | 12-08-2011 |
20110320126 | METHOD FOR TIME LAPSED RESERVOIR MONITORING USING AZIMUTHALLY SENSITIVE RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS WHILE DRILLING - A method for determining movement of a fluid contact in a subsurface reservoir includes measuring azimuthally sensitive resistivity at a first time from within a wellbore penetrating the subsurface reservoir. A first position of the fluid contact with respect to the wellbore is determined using the azimuthally sensitive resistivity measurements. After a selected time, the measuring azimuthally sensitive resistivity from within a wellbore penetrating the subsurface reservoir is repeated. Movement of the fluid contact from the first position is determined using the repeated azimuthally sensitive resistivity measurements. | 12-29-2011 |
20120059586 | DTEM With Short Spacing for Deep, Ahead of the Drill Bit Measurements - A transmitter on a bottomhole assembly (BHA) is used for generating a transient electromagnetic signal in an earth formation. A processor estimates the distance to a resistivity interface using a signal produced by a receiver on the BHA. The transmitter-receiver distance may be less than 1 m. The estimation of the distance is done in real time using a thin conductive sheet approximation. | 03-08-2012 |
20120065887 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SWEET ZONE IDENTIFICATION IN SHALE GAS RESERVOIRS - A computer system and computer implemented method for automatically identifying a hydrocarbon (such as kerogen, gas, oil) rich zone in a well bore includes obtaining well log data comprising neutron data, density data, radioactivity data, and resistivity data representative of physical characteristics of a formation surrounding the well bore and computing an apparent neutron porosity and an apparent density porosity based on the neutron data and density data. A normalized neutron-density separation is computed based on the computed apparent neutron porosity and the computed apparent density porosity and a baseline of the formation is determined for each data type. Using the computed normalized neutron-density separation, the radioactivity data, the resistivity data, and the determined baselines, the presence or absence of a hydrocarbon rich zone is determined. A quality index may further be derived from the data. | 03-15-2012 |
20120084009 | REFINED LITHOLOGY CURVE - A method for estimating a property of an earth formation penetrated by a borehole. The method includes: conveying a natural radiation detector through the borehole and measuring natural radiation emitted from the earth formation to provide natural radiation data; conveying a neutron source through the borehole and irradiating the earth formation with neutrons; measuring neutron-interaction radiation emitted from the earth formation due to the irradiating with at least one neutron-interaction radiation detector to provide neutron-interaction data; conveying a borehole image logging tool through the borehole and measuring a resistivity of the earth formation by transmitting electrical current or electromagnetic energy into the earth formation and receiving an electrical signal associated with the resistivity due to the transmitting to provide resistivity data; and combining the natural radiation data, the neutron-interaction radiation data, and the resistivity data into one data set as a function of depth to estimate the property. | 04-05-2012 |
20120095687 | METHOD OF PREDICTING SOURCE ROCK THERMAL MATURITY FROM LOG RESPONSES - A method for estimating a property of an earth formation, the method includes: conveying a carrier through a borehole penetrating the earth formation; performing a measurement of total organic carbon (TOC) within a region of investigation in the earth formation using a logging tool disposed at the carrier; and correlating the measured TOC to the property to estimate the property. | 04-19-2012 |
20120109527 | Apparatus and Methods for Drilling Wellbores by Ranging Existing Boreholes Using Induction Devices - In one aspect a method of drilling a borehole is disclosed, wherein the method includes generating a primary electromagnetic field with a transmitter in a second borehole spaced from the first borehole, the primary electromagnetic filed causing electrical current in the conductive material of the first borehole, measuring a secondary electromagnetic field at a receiver in the second borehole, the electromagnetic field being responsive to the electrical current flowing in the conductive material in the first borehole, and determining a location of the first borehole using the measured secondary electromagnetic field. | 05-03-2012 |
20120130641 | Marine Source To Borehole Electromagnetic Mapping Of Sub-Bottom Electrical Resistivity - A towed marine source to borehole electromagnetic survey system and method for surveying employing the same is disclosed. The system includes a sea vessel adapted for traversal of sea water over a subsea formation, a power supply affixed to the sea vessel and a high moment loop source coupled to the power supply, and a signal generator by a tow cable; said signal generator being affixed to the sea vessel configured to control operating parameters of the high moment loop source. The system also includes a wellbore drilled in the subsea formation, a series of electromagnetic (EM) receivers positioned in the wellbore. Each receiver includes a sensor module having sensing elements to measure one or more of electric fields, electric currents, and magnetic fields produced by the high moment loop source when towed by the sea vessel, and a storage device configured to store data from measurements made by the sensor module. The system further includes a computer processor configured to receive stored data from the receivers and analyze the stored measurement data to determine a location of an electrically resistive formation anomaly at a depth of between 1 to 5 km. | 05-24-2012 |
20120143508 | AUTOMATIC ESTIMATION OF SOURCE ROCK PETROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES - An empirical method of measuring water saturation in hydrocarbon bearing formations is described. The system described herein accurately calculates water saturation, shale volume, volume of total organic carbon, and other formation parameters under a variety of formation conditions. | 06-07-2012 |
20120143509 | Simultaneous Inversion of Induction Data for Dielectric Permittivity and Electric Conductivity - A method of inverting induction logging data for evaluating the properties of underground formations surrounding a borehole, the data including induction voltage measurements obtained from a tool placed close to the formations of interest, the method includes: (a) defining a relationship relating the induction voltage to wave number, dielectric permittivity and conductivity; defining a cubic polynomial expansion of the relationship; and solving the cubic polynomial relationship using the voltage measurements to obtain values for conductivity that includes skin-effect correction, and apparent dielectric permittivity; and (b) using the obtained values for conductivity and apparent dielectric permittivity to derive a simulated value of induction voltage; determining the difference between the simulated value of the induction voltage and the measured induction voltage; and iteratively updating the values of conductivity and dielectric permittivity used for the derivation of the simulated value of induction voltage to minimise its difference with respect to the measured value. | 06-07-2012 |
20120166086 | TRIAXIAL ANTENNA ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS - The present disclosure relates to a method to determine a formation property of a subsurface formation. A downhole logging tool having two or more antennas, at least one of the antennas being a non-co-located triaxial antenna, is provided. Azimuthally sensitive measurements are obtained using the antennas of the downhole logging tool. The measurements are fitted to a Fourier series having Fourier coefficients and the non-co-location of the triaxial antenna is compensated for by adjusting the Fourier coefficients. Compensated measurements are determined using the adjusted Fourier coefficients and the formation property of the subsurface formation is determined using the compensated measurements. The compensating may use one or more scale factors that depend on an amplitude, phase, and/or frequency of the received signal, and an alignment angle between the triaxial antenna and another of the antennas of the logging tool. | 06-28-2012 |
20120197528 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING A DATASET FROM A TOOL TO A RECEIVER - Method and apparatus for transmitting a first data set from a tool to a receiver are provided. The method includes: obtaining a first plurality of measurements using the tool to form a first dataset; saving data from the first plurality of measurements that form the first dataset in non-volatile memory; transmitting first data-groups derived from the first dataset to the receiver, each of the first data-groups comprising different measurements of the formation; and storing in the non-volatile memory a storage position of a last transmitted first data-group. Upon restoration of a loss of communications that prevents transmission of all the first data-groups, determining the storage position of the last transmitted first data-group; and continuing the transmission of the first data-groups from the storage position of the first data-group last transmitted before the loss of communications. | 08-02-2012 |
20120209527 | CONCENTRIC BUTTONS OF DIFFERENT SIZES FOR IMAGING AND STANDOFF CORRECTION - Disclosed is a method of estimating a property of an earth formation penetrated by a borehole. The method includes conveying a carrier through the borehole and performing a plurality of electrical measurements on the formation using a sensor disposed at the carrier and having a plurality of electrodes disposed in a concentric arrangement wherein a standoff distance between the sensor and a wall of the borehole has an influence on each electrical measurement in the plurality of electrical measurements. The method further includes determining an impedance for each electrical measurement in the plurality of electrical measurements and inputting the determined impedances into an artificial neural network implemented by a processor. The artificial neural network outputs the property wherein the outputted property compensates for the influence of sensor standoff distance on each electrical measurement in the plurality of electrical measurements. | 08-16-2012 |
20120209528 | Inversion-Based Method to Correct for the Pipe Residual Signal in Transient MWD Measurements - An apparatus and method for reducing a pipe residual signal from transient signals in an induction tool having a metallic pipe with finite, non-zero conductivity in a borehole penetrating an earth formation. The apparatus may include a transient electromagnetic (TEM) signal transmitter, at least one receiver configured to generate an output signal in response to the TEM signal, and at least one processor for estimating an updated model with an improved estimate of the resistivity property. The updated model may be estimated based on a difference between a simulated signal from an initial model and the output signal. The difference may be represented by a set of basis functions. The method includes using the apparatus. | 08-16-2012 |
20120215448 | METHOD FOR DETECTING FORMATION RESISTIVITY OUTSIDE OF METAL CASING USING TIME-DOMAIN ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE IN WELL - A method for detecting formation resistivity outside of metal casing using time-domain electromagnetic pulse in a borehole, the method including steps of a) providing a borehole large power pulse transmitting source, recording an induced electromotive force ε, and full time digital recording a transmitted waveform and a received signal; b) conducting transmission-reception and superimposing received signals to improve signal to noise ratio; c) calculating corresponding casing response according to known casing parameters and recorded current waveform of the transmitting source to obtain a relative induced electromotive force Δε | 08-23-2012 |
20120215449 | LOGGING TOOL - The invention relates to a logging tool ( | 08-23-2012 |
20120232800 | PRECISE LOCATION AND ORIENTATION OF A CONCEALED DIPOLE TRANSMITTER - A method for determining the location of an underground sonde transmitter is disclosed. In some embodiments, the method includes measuring a set of complex electromagnetic field magnitude and phase strengths at one or more of positions while traversing a target sonde path at any angle using one or more electromagnetic coil sensors, modeling a set of expected complex electromagnetic strengths of a hypothetical sonde at the one or more of positions for one or more of the electromagnetic coil sensors, the set of expected electromagnetic field values corresponding to a model for the target sonde, and estimating parameters related to the target sonde based on the residual error between the measured set of complex electromagnetic field values and the modeled set of expected complex electromagnetic field strengths, wherein a final estimated parameter set is determined after the residual error has converged to a minimum tolerance. | 09-13-2012 |
20120239300 | MAXIMUM DEPTH OF INVESTIGATION OF MEASUREMENTS IN A FORMATION - The present disclosure relates to a method to determine a volume of clearance surrounding a wellbore. A logging tool is provided. The logging tool may be disposed on a wireline, a drill string, or a wired drill pipe. A formation property is obtained using the logging tool. The formation property may include a voltage, a bulk resistivity, a horizontal resistivity, a vertical resistivity, a porosity, a permeability, a fluid saturation, an NMR relaxation time, a borehole size, a borehole shape, a borehole fluid composition, an MWD parameter, or an LWD parameter. The maximum depth of investigation into the subsurface formation is determined using a model response and a noise level, and the volume of clearance is determined using the determined maximum depth of investigation. The maximum depth of investigation and volume of clearance may be determined even though no boundary layers are detected. | 09-20-2012 |
20120239301 | METHOD FOR ANALYZING FLUID PROPERTIES - A method for determining a property of a fluid includes: receiving at a computing device an admittance spectrum created by application of an excitation to a resonator contacting the fluid, the spectrum covering a first frequency range and having real and imaginary components; determining a resonant frequency of the admittance spectrum, the resonant frequency being a frequency at which a magnitude of the imaginary component is about zero; determining a bandwidth of the spectrum; and determining the property based on one or both of the resonant frequency and the bandwidth of the resonant frequency. | 09-20-2012 |
20120253676 | METHOD OF DIRECTIONAL RESISTIVITY LOGGING - A method for estimating at least one formation parameter from a directional resistivity measurement includes computing a plurality of hypothetical directional resistivity values at a corresponding plurality of formation parameter values. The computation makes use of a forward model having at least one analytical expression that relates a directional resistivity measurement to the formation parameter. The analytical expression includes at least one image source term. Comparison of computed directional resistivity values with measured direct resistivity values enables a value of at least one formation parameter to be selected. The method may be implemented on a downhole processor. | 10-04-2012 |
20120259551 | MEASUREMENT OF INVASION DEPTH WHILE DRILLING UTILIZING STREAMING POTENTIAL - A system for determining an invasion depth of an invaded zone surrounding a borehole while the borehole is being drilled includes a sensor configured to be disposed in a mud cake formed on a wall of the borehole and configured to measure a property of the mud cake and a computing device configured to receive a measurement from the sensor and determine the invasion depth based on the measurement. | 10-11-2012 |
20120265442 | OBM RESISTIVITY IMAGE ENHANCEMENT USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS WITH FIRST MOMENT ESTIMATION - Method and apparatus for estimating a resistivity property of an earth formation in a borehole with oil-based drilling fluid. The method may include estimating the resistivity property using a sensitivity of a real part of a measured impedance to a reactance of a gap between a resistivity sensor and a borehole wall. The real component and the quadrature component of resistivity measurements made by a two-terminal imaging tool in a borehole having an oil-based mud are affected by the tool standoff. It is shown that the sensitivity of the real part of the resistivity measurement to the reactance of the gap can be estimated from the time derivatives of the two components of the measurements. This makes possible a principal component analysis of the data to give an improved image of the formation resistivity. | 10-18-2012 |
20120283951 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETERMINING FORMATION PARAMETERS USING A ROTATING TOOL EQUIPPED WITH TILTED ANTENNA LOOPS - Methods and systems for characterizing a formation are disclosed. A tool is placed in the formation. The tool comprises a perpendicular antenna set and a parallel antenna set. The perpendicular antenna set comprises at least one transmitter antenna oriented perpendicular to at least one receiver antenna and the parallel antenna set comprises at least one transmitter antenna oriented parallel to at least one receiver antenna. Data is obtained from the tool and used to determine a compensated geosignal for each of the perpendicular antenna set and the parallel antenna set. The determined compensated geosignal is used to characterize the formation. | 11-08-2012 |
20120283952 | REAL-TIME CASING DETECTION USING TILTED AND CROSSED ANTENNA MEASUREMENT - Methods and apparatus for detecting nearby conductors such as pipes, well casing, etc., from within a borehole. A nearby casing string can be detected by transmitting an electromagnetic signal from a transmit antenna on a downhole logging tool and measuring a parallel response signal with a first receive antenna parallel to the transmit antenna and a perpendicular response signal with a second receive antenna perpendicular to the transmit antenna, both receive antennas on the downhole logging tool. As the tool rotates, the transmitting and measuring are repeated to determine the azimuthal dependence of the parallel and perpendicular response signals. The azimuthal dependence is analyzed to determine a diagonal component of said azimuthal dependence for each response signal. Distance to a casing string can be estimated using the diagonal component of each response signal. At least one of the antennas is preferably tilted. | 11-08-2012 |
20120290206 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REAL-TIME QUALITY CONTROL FOR DOWNHOLE LOGGING DEVICES - An illustrative embodiment of a method is disclosed for assessing image quality of a down hole formation image, the method comprising collecting acquisition system data from a plurality of sensors down hole; applying a set of rules to the acquisition system data to obtain an acquisition quality indicator; and presenting the acquisition quality indicator at a surface location. A system is disclosed for performing the method. | 11-15-2012 |
20120290207 | BORING TECHNIQUE USING LOCATE POINT MEASUREMENTS FOR BORING TOOL DEPTH PREDICTION - A device is described for use as part of a system in which a transmitter is moved through the ground while transmitting a signal that can be used to locate the transmitter. The device includes a receiver for receiving the signal to generate certain information about the position of the transmitter relative to the position of the device based on the signal. A processor establishes a current location of the transmitter and records the current location as one of a series of recorded locations of the transmitter based on the certain information and, at a time of recording the current location, electronically records a time stamp that designates at least the time at which the current location was recorded as part of the series of recorded locations of the transmitter. | 11-15-2012 |
20130006535 | PREDICTING CARBONATE ROCK SOLID PERMITTIVITY - Apparatus and methods for determining the rock solid (matrix) dielectric permittivity for subterranean rocks, such as carbonate rocks, are described. According to some embodiments, this is accomplished by linking the matrix permittivity to the detailed chemical composition of the rock. The linking function is defined by coefficients for each component that can be determined by inversion in a laboratory calibration process such that the function compensates for the permittivity contribution of rock components that may be undetectable through downhole logging procedures. | 01-03-2013 |
20130013210 | ELECTRICAL IMAGER OPERATING IN OIL-BASED MUD AND LOW RESISTIVE FORMATION - This disclosure relates to apparatuses and methods for reducing current leakage between a measure electrode and a logging tool body during borehole investigations in an earth formation involving electric current and non-conductive drilling fluid. The apparatus may include one or more transmitters disposed on a pad body, configured to inject an electric current into the earth formation, and coupled to the mandrel and one or more measure electrodes. The measure electrodes may be configured to receive current from the formation and coupled to a back plate of the pad body. The apparatus may be configured to maintain a selected ratio between pad body to logging tool body impedance and transmitters to logging tool body impedance sufficient to reduce current leakage between the earth formation and the logging tool body. The transmitter/mandrel and measure electrode/back plate may be electrically isolated from one another. The method may include using the apparatus. | 01-10-2013 |
20130013211 | CNT FIBER BASED IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY FOR CHARACTERIZING DOWNHOLE FLUIDS - The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for estimating a parameter of interest of a downhole fluid using a fluid analysis module. The fluid analysis module may include: at least one nano element and a processor configured to estimate an impedance of the at least one nano element. The fluid analysis module may include an AC power supply configured to supply electrical signals at a plurality of frequencies through the at least one nano element. The method may include bringing the downhole fluid into contact with the at least one nano element; supplying electrical signals through the at least one nano element at a plurality of frequencies; generating impedance information for the at least one nano element in response to the electrical signals; and estimating the at least one parameter of interest using the impedance information. | 01-10-2013 |
20130024119 | FORMATION RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS USING MULTIPLE CONTROLLED MODES - Disclosed is an apparatus for estimating a property of an earth formation penetrated by a borehole. The apparatus includes a plurality of electrodes disposed downhole and configured to inject an electrical current into the earth formation using an applied voltage and/or measure electrical current resulting from an injection of the electrical current. The apparatus also includes a processor configured to perform a series of formation measurements that include injecting current into the earth formation using a unique subset of electrodes in the plurality of electrodes and measuring current in the earth formation using one or more electrodes not used for the current injecting. The processer sums the measured currents for the electrodes wherein the sum of electrical currents for at least one electrode that measured electrical current is substantially in phase with the applied voltage; and uses the sum of in phase currents to estimate the property. | 01-24-2013 |
20130024120 | FORMATION RESISTIVITY IMAGER REDUCED LEAKAGE TO MANDREL - A method of estimating a parameter of a formation contacting a borehole with an instrument that includes a mandrel and a pad includes providing a measurement voltage to the pad; applying a biasing voltage to the mandrel while the measurement voltage is applied to the pad; measuring a received current during at least a portion of time the measurement voltage is provided; and estimating the parameter based on the received current. | 01-24-2013 |
20130024121 | METHOD OF ESTABLISHING FORMATION RESISTIVITY - In a method of processing resistivity log data, two or more resistivity log measurements of differing depths of penetration of an invaded formation are generated. The deepest and shallowest of the resistivity log measurements are combined in accordance with a non-linear combination algorithm that is modulated by a parameter. The value of the parameter used varies in dependence on a comparison between deep and shallow log measurements. The results of the comparison are forward modelled from sample data. A modified log output is generated as a result of combining the deepest and shallowest of the resistivity log measurements in accordance with the non-linear combination algorithm. | 01-24-2013 |
20130035862 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CORRECTING TEMPERATURE EFFECTS FOR AZIMUTHAL DIRECTIONAL RESISTIVITY TOOLS - An apparatus and method for estimating a resistivity property of an earth formation involving electric current induced in an earth formation. The method may include reducing an error in a voltage received by a receiver coil due to excitation of a transmitter coil due to temperature effects. The voltage may include amplitude and/or phase errors. The method may modify the measured voltage by multiplying/dividing the voltage by a reduction factor. The reduction factor may be determined using polynomic curve fitting. The apparatus may be configured to perform the method. The apparatus may include at least one transmitter coil, at least one receiver coil, and at least one processes configured to perform the error reduction. | 02-07-2013 |
20130046474 | Efficient Inversion Systems and Methods for Directionally-Sensitive Resistivity Logging Tools - Various resistivity logging tools, systems, and methods are disclosed. At least some tool embodiments include transmit and receive antennas that measure the electromagnetic response of the formation, at least one of which is tilted to provide a directional sensitivity. A processor converts the response (measured as a function of the tool's rotation angle) into a set of inversion parameters, which are then used to estimate the anisotropic properties of the formation. The set of inversion parameters includes at least one parameter based on an antipodal sum of the response signal, and may further include parameters based on an antipodal difference and an average of the signal response. Antipodal sum and difference values at different rotational orientations can be included in the set of inversion parameters, and they may be normalized to reduce environmental effects. Some tool embodiments collect the relevant formation measurements using parallel or perpendicular tilted antennas. | 02-21-2013 |
20130054145 | Apparatus and Methods of Determining Formation Resistivity - In various embodiments, apparatus and methods are provided to determine formation resistivity associated with a well. Measurements taken using sub-arrays of a tool at different distances of investigation can be used to determine formation resistivity, where the sub-arrays are arranged to make azimuthal related measurements. Separations readings related to resistivity can be generated from signals received from different directions and can be analyzed to characterize validity of a measurement reading. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 02-28-2013 |
20130066558 | METHOD TO ESTIMATE PORE PRESSURE UNCERTAINTY FORM TRENDLINE VARIATIONS - Disclosed is a method for estimating a pore pressure of an earth formation penetrated by a borehole and an associated uncertainty. The method includes: conveying a carrier through the borehole; performing formation measurements relating to porosity at a plurality of depths in the borehole using a downhole tool coupled to the carrier; defining a first depth interval and a second depth interval deeper than the first depth interval, the first depth interval comprising a first set of formation measurement points and the second depth interval comprising a second set of formation measurement points; establishing a plurality of trendlines of depth versus porosity-related measurements using a processor with each trendline in the plurality of trendlines extending from a point in the first depth interval through a point in the second depth interval; and calculating a pore pressure line and associated uncertainty using the plurality of trendlines. | 03-14-2013 |
20130073206 | Multi-Step Borehole Correction Scheme for Multi-Component Induction Tools - Various resistivity logging tools, systems, and methods are disclosed. At least some system embodiments include a logging tool and at least one processor. The logging tool provides transmitter-receiver coupling measurements that include at least direct coupling along the longitudinal tool axis (Czz), direct coupling along the perpendicular axis (Cxx or Cyy), and cross coupling along the longitudinal and perpendicular axes (Cxz, Cyz, Czx, or Czy). The processor performs a multi-step inversion of said transmitter-receiver coupling measurements to obtain values for model parameters. Based at least in part on the model parameters, the processor determines borehole corrections for the transmitter-receiver coupling measurements and may further provide one or more logs derived from the borehole corrected transmitter-receiver coupling measurements. In at least some embodiments the logging tool assembly further collects borehole size measurements and measurements of borehole fluid resistivity for use in performing the inversion and determining the borehole corrections. | 03-21-2013 |
20130080058 | Real-Time Formation Anisotropy And Dip Evaluation Using Tri-Axial Induction Measurements - The present disclosure relates to a method to determine a formation property of a subsurface formation. A downhole logging tool having two or more tri-axial antennas is provided and used to obtain azimuthally sensitive data. Borehole correction is performed on the obtained data and a ZD-inversion is performed on the borehole corrected data for all antenna spacing groups. A formation indicator flag is determined and, depending on the determined formation indicator flag, a 1D-axial inversion and/or a 1D-radial inversion is performed over selected zones, or neither is performed. The best ZD-inversion results are selected and the 1D-axial inversion results and/or the 1D-radial inversion results, if any, are combined with the selected best ZD- inversion results to form a composite inversion result. The formation property of the subsurface formation is determined using the composite inversion result. | 03-28-2013 |
20130080059 | INTEGRATED DIP FROM 3D RESISTIVITY TOOL AND BOREHOLE IMAGING TOOL - A method for determining a dip of a geological structure in a subterranean formation, involves generating, using a 3D resistivity analyzer, a first intermediate result describing the dip of the geological structure based on 3D resistivity data collected from a borehole penetrating the subterranean formation. The method further involves generating, using a borehole image analyzer, a second intermediate result describing the dip of the geological structure based on a borehole image collected from the borehole. The method further involves generating, by a computer processor combining the first intermediate result and the second intermediate result based on a pre-determined criterion, an integrated result describing the dip of the geological structure. | 03-28-2013 |
20130110402 | Method and Apparatus for In-Situ Wellbore Measurement and Control with Inductive Connectivity | 05-02-2013 |
20130110403 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING THE NATURE OF A MATERIAL IN A CAVITY BETWEEN ONE INNER METAL WALL AND ONE OUTER METAL WALL | 05-02-2013 |
20130144529 | System and Method for Producing Look-Ahead Profile Measurements in a Drilling Operation - A method and system for producing look-ahead profiles measurements includes positioning an energy transmitter, such as a transmitting antenna, proximate to a borehole assembly tool. One or more energy receivers, such as receiving antennas, are positioned along a length of the borehole assembly. Next, energy is transmitted to produce look-ahead scans relative to the borehole assembly tool. Look-ahead graph data with an x-axis being a function of a time relative to the position of the borehole assembly tool is generated. The look-ahead graph is produced and displayed on a display device. The look-ahead graph may track estimated formation values based on earth models. The estimated formation values are displayed below a tool position history line that is part of the look-ahead graph. The estimated formation values in the look-ahead graph may be based on inversions of resistivity data from the look-ahead scans. | 06-06-2013 |
20130144530 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DOWNHOLE MEASUREMENT TOOLS - Various embodiments include apparatus and methods of operation with respect to well logging. Apparatus and methods include a tool having an arrangement of transmitters and receivers that are operated at different positions downhole and a processing unit to process collected signals such that the arrangement of transmitters and receivers provides measurements that mimic operation of a different arrangement of transmitters and receivers. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 06-06-2013 |
20130151155 | Method and System of Determining Parameters Associated with a Hydrocarbon Bearing Formation Beneath a Sea Bed - Determining parameters associated with a hydrocarbon bearing formation beneath a sea bed. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are methods including: obtaining data gathered regarding a plurality of distinct readings by sensors, the readings responsive to a source of electrical energy towed in water above the hydrocarbon bearing formation, the sensors sense an electrical parameter associated with the source; combining a first datum associated with a first path of travel of the source with a second datum associated with a second path of travel of the source, the second path of travel distinct from the first path of travel, and the combining creates a first combined datum; and determining the parameter associated with the hydrocarbon bearing formation by evaluating the first combined datum. | 06-13-2013 |
20130151156 | Electrical Submersible Pump Monitoring and Failure Prediction - Current supplied to electrical submersible pumps in wells is monitored, and signal processing based on wavelet analysis and phase diagram analysis is performed on the data obtained from monitoring. An incipient malfunction of the electrical submersible pump, such as one due to scale build-up in and around the pump, can be detected at an early stage. | 06-13-2013 |
20130158875 | PRODUCTION LOGGING TOOL AND METHOD FOR ANALYZING A PRODUCED FLUID - Disclosed are a production logging tool and method for evaluating fluid produced from a formation of an oilfield. The fluid is measured by a water sensor to determine if the fluid is water, and a chloride sensor to determine chloride levels of the fluid. Based on the chloride levels of the fluid, it can be determined whether the fluid is naturally occurring water, or if the fluid is an injection fluid. | 06-20-2013 |
20130166213 | Formation Properties from Conductivity Tensor - A logging tool having a plurality of spatially separated antennas is provided and used to make propagation-style measurements in a formation. Tensors are formed using the propagation-style measurements and one or more quantities are computed using the tensors. A formation evaluation is performed using the computed quantities. The formation evaluation determines a formation property or parameter such as horizontal resistivity, vertical resistivity, relative dip, azimuthal dip, bed boundary location, or bed thickness. The computed quantities may include compensated phase shift resistivity, compensated attenuation resistivity, symmetrized phase shift resistivity, symmetrized attenuation resistivity, anti-symmetrized phase shift resistivity, and anti-symmetrized attenuation resistivity. The measurements may be corrected for antenna gain errors and an air calibration may be performed. A zero-dimension inversion may be performed, while drilling, and the determined horizontal resistivity, vertical resistivity, relative dip, and/or azimuthal dip information may be sent to an uphole processor in real-time. | 06-27-2013 |
20130179080 | Integrated Workflow or Method for Petrophysical Rock Typing in Carbonates - Disclosed are various embodiments of a workflow or method for petrophysical rock typing of carbonates in an oil or gas reservoir or field comprising determining a Data Scenario (DS) for the reservoir or field, determining a plurality of Depositional Rock Types (DRTs) for the reservoir or field, determining a Digenetic Modification (DM) from a plurality of diagenetic modifiers or primary textures associated with the plurality of DRTs, selecting a Reservoir Type (RT) corresponding to the plurality of DRTs,determining at least one pore type, and determining, on the basis of the plurality of DRTs, the Diagenetic Modification (DM), and the at least one pore type, a plurality of Petrophysical Rock Types (PRTs) associated with the RT. | 07-11-2013 |
20130191028 | GAIN-CORRECTED MEASUREMENTS - A method to obtain gain-corrected measurements. A measurement tool having one or more arrays is provided, wherein the arrays include two co-located triaxial transmitters and two co-located triaxial receivers. Measurements are obtained using the transmitters and the receivers. Impedance matrices are formed from the obtained measurements and the impedance matrices are combined to provide gain-corrected measurements. The apparatus may alternatively be a while-drilling logging tool having one or more arrays, wherein each array comprises a transmitter, a receiver, and a buck, and wherein the signal received by the receiver is subtracted from the signal received by the buck or vice versa. A slotted shield may be incorporated into either embodiment of the tool. The slots may form one or more island elements. A material is disposed in the slots. The islands and shield body have complementary tapered sides that confine the islands within the shield body. | 07-25-2013 |
20130226459 | BENDING CORRECTION FOR DEEP READING AZIMUTHAL PROPAGATION RESISTIVITY - An apparatus and method for estimating a parameter of interest in a borehole penetrating an earth formation using a receiver and a transmitter, both disposed on a carrier, with aligned magnetic moments to correct for bending of carrier during borehole investigations. The apparatus may include a transmitter with at least two substantially perpendicular coils and a receiver with at least one coil oriented with at least one or the transmitter coils. The method may include aligning the magnetic moment of the transmitter and the magnetic moment of the receiver prior to estimating the parameter of interest. The method may include supplying a constant electric current to one of the transmitter coils while supplying a varying electric current to another of the transmitter coils. The method may include estimating a direction of bending or angle of bending of the carrier. | 08-29-2013 |
20130226460 | TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION APPARATUS, METHODS, AND SYSTEMS - In some embodiments, an apparatus and a system, as well as a method and an article, may operate to receive down hole tool environmental temperature data, axial temperature data, radial temperature data, and log data. Further activity may include applying temperature effects compensation associated with the environmental temperature data and the down hole log data using a fitting function model obtained from a trained neural network to transform the down hole log data into corrected log data. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are described. | 08-29-2013 |
20130261972 | PROCESS FOR DETERMINING MOBILE WATER SATURATION IN A RESERVOIR FORMATION - A method for determining mobile water saturation in a reservoir having a borehole extending through the reservoir is disclosed. The method involves obtaining a first borehole data log while the reservoir is subjected to first fluid conditions, and causing a mobile water displacement in the reservoir by changing the fluid conditions in the borehole to cause the reservoir to be subjected to second fluid conditions, the second fluid conditions differing from the first fluid conditions. The method further involves obtaining a second borehole data log under the second fluid conditions, and estimating the mobile water displacement using the first and second data logs, the estimated mobile water displacement providing an estimate of the mobile water saturation in the reservoir. | 10-03-2013 |
20130268199 | LOCATING EQUIPMENT COMMUNICATIVELY COUPLED TO OR EQUIPPED WITH A MOBILE/PORTABLE DEVICE - Locating and/or marking equipment, such as a locate transmitter or locate receiver, a marking device, or a combined locate and marking device, may be communicatively coupled to and/or equipped with a mobile/portable device (e.g., a mobile phone, personal digital assistant or other portable computing device) that provides processing, electronic storage, electronic display, user interface, communication facilities and/or other functionality (e.g., GPS-enabled functionality) for the equipment. A mobile/portable device may be mechanically and/or electronically coupled to the equipment, and may be programmed so as to log and generate electronic records of various information germane to a locate and/or marking operation (e.g., locate information, marking information, and/or landmark information). Such records may be formatted in various manners, processed and/or analyzed on the mobile/portable device, and/or transmitted to another device (e.g., a remote computer/server) for storage, processing and/or analysis. The mobile/portable device also may provide redundant, shared and/or backup functionality for the equipment to enhance robustness. | 10-10-2013 |
20130282286 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CALIBRATING PERMEABILITY FOR USE IN RESERVOIR MODELING - A computer system and a computer-implemented method for calibrating a reservoir characteristic including a permeability of a rock formation. The method includes inputting a measured product KH of a measured permeability K and a flowing zone thickness H over a plurality of corresponding zones in one or more wells and inputting porosity logs for each measured product KH in each of the plurality of zones obtained from the one or more wells. The method further includes reading a porosity-permeability cloud of data points; calculating, for each zone, a predicted product KH from the porosity log using the porosity-permeability cloud of data points; determining one or more weighting coefficients between the predicted KH and the measured KH corresponding to each zone; and calibrating the measured permeability corresponding to each zone using the one or more weighting coefficients. | 10-24-2013 |
20130282287 | DOWNHOLE SURVEYING UTILIZING MULTIPLE MEASUREMENTS - Certain embodiments described herein provide an estimate of the magnetic interference incident upon a drilling system using multiple magnetic sensors within a downhole portion of the drilling system in a first wellbore. Certain embodiments utilize the magnetic measurements to determine an axial interference resulting from one or more magnetic portions of the downhole portion and to provide an estimate of a relative location of a second wellbore spaced from the first wellbore. | 10-24-2013 |
20130282288 | SYSTEM AND METHOD TO DETERMINE VOLUMETRIC FRACTION OF UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIR LIQUID - A system determines a volumetric fraction of oil in a formation penetrated by a borehole, the formation comprising an unconventional reservoir. The system includes a carrier configured to be conveyed through the borehole and a geochemical tool disposed at the carrier and configured to determine a mineral makeup of the formation and excess carbon not apportioned to any mineral of the mineral makeup, the excess carbon being associated with kerogen and oil in the formation. An NMR tool disposed at the carrier determines porosity of fluid in the formation, the fluid excluding the kerogen in the formation. A density tool disposed at the carrier determines bulk density of the formation, and a processor determines the volumetric fraction of oil in the formation based on the excess carbon, the porosity of the fluid in the formation, and the bulk density of formation. | 10-24-2013 |
20130282289 | AZIMUTHAL SATURATION LOGGING SYSTEMS AND METHODS - Logging systems and methods to provide azimuthally-sensitive saturation logs. In some embodiments a processor operates on formation porosity and resistivity measurements from an azimuthally-sensitive logging tool assembly to derive a saturation log having a dependence on tool position and rotation angle, and possibly on radial distance as well. The processor may provide the log to a user via a screen, printer, or some other display mechanism. The logging tool assembly includes at least one tool to measure formation porosity. Suitable tools include a gamma density tool, a neutron density tool, a nuclear magnetic resonance tool, and an acoustic tool. The tool assembly further includes at least one tool to measure formation resistivity. Suitable tools include a laterolog tool, an induction tool, and a propagation resistivity tool. The tool assembly can be a wireline sonde, a tubing-conveyed logging assembly, or a logging while drilling tool assembly. | 10-24-2013 |
20130289880 | METHOD AND APPARATUS TO DETECT FORMATION BOUNDARIES AHEAD OF THE BIT USING MULTIPLE TOROIDAL COILS - An apparatus and method for a property ahead of a drill bit in a borehole penetrating a formation. The apparatus may include at least one receiver toroid disposed on a carrier and a transmitter toroid configured to induce an electromagnetic signal in the formation and disposed between the drill bit and the at least one receiver toroid. The apparatus may include at least one processor configured to estimate the property using a signal produced by the at least one receiver. The method may include estimating the property using the signal produced by the at least one receiver toroid. The method may also include one or more of: (i) generating a conductivity curve based on signals from at least one receiver toroid, (ii) validating signals from one receiver toroid based on a conductivity curve of another receiver toroid, and (iii) filtering a receiver toroid signal using lateral resistivity information. | 10-31-2013 |
20130297214 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DEEP TRANSIENT RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT - A method of processing data includes: disposing a downhole tool in a borehole in an earth formation, the downhole tool including a conductive carrier, a transmitter, a first receiver disposed at a first axial distance from the transmitter, and a second receiver disposed at a second axial distance from the transmitter that is less than the first axial distance; performing a downhole electromagnetic operation, the operation including transmitting an electromagnetic (EM) signal from the transmitter into the formation and detecting a first EM response signal by the first receiver and a second EM response signal by the second receiver; applying a linear transformation to the second EM response signal to generate a transformed signal, the linear transformation having parameters associated with a set of data corresponding to a signal representing the conductive carrier; and subtracting the transformed signal from the first EM response signal to generate a corrected EM signal. | 11-07-2013 |
20130297215 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC MONITORING OF UNDERGROUND FORMATIONS - An electromagnetic measurement system and related methods are provided. The system includes an electromagnetic source located at a predetermined depth and configured to generate electromagnetic waves in surrounding formations, and a grid of electromagnetic detectors located on a surface of the rock formation and configured to detect the electromagnetic waves generated by the electromagnetic source and reflected by an underground hydrocarbons reservoir. The system also includes a data processing unit configured to process first data and second data related to the electromagnetic waves detected by the grid of electromagnetic detectors, to extract changes of the underground hydrocarbon reservoir, the first data and the second data each being acquired for up to one week, at least two months apart from one another. The electromagnetic source and the grid of electromagnetic detectors are not moved or removed between when the first data was acquired and when the second data was acquired. | 11-07-2013 |
20130311094 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MAKING INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS - Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to operate an induction measurement process in a borehole that addresses direct coupling of a signal between sensors of a measuring tool. Apparatus and methods can include a processing unit to generate formation parameters from signals received in the measurement tool. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 11-21-2013 |
20130338924 | PROCESSING AZIMUTHAL MEASUREMENT DATA - A method of processing azimuthal measurement data includes: receiving a plurality of data values generated by a rotating measurement tool, the measurement tool including at least one measurement sensor and configured to rotate and measure a signal at each of a plurality of azimuthal orientations; associating each received data value with an azimuthal orientation; selecting one or more data values that provide sufficient information regarding a measured signal, each of the selected data values having an associated azimuthal orientation; disregarding azimuthal orientations associated with one or more data values that provide insufficient information regarding a measured signal; and fitting only the selected data values to a sinusoidal curve. | 12-19-2013 |
20130338925 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR WELL LOGGING AND DATA PROCESSING DEVICE - The disclosure relates to an apparatus and a method for well logging as well as a data processing device thereof. Said apparatus for well logging comprises a drill collar body and an array of antennas, wherein said array of antennas comprises at least a pair of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, said transmitting antenna and receiving antenna are configured for generating a curve of axial forward depth of investigation. By employing the method for well logging according to the present invention, not only the variation of resistivity in the axial forward formation may be measured in real time during the drilling, but also the interfacial characteristics of the axial forward formations having different resistivity may be discriminated during drilling. | 12-19-2013 |
20140019049 | Finding Oil Viscosity and SurfaceTension By Means of Dielectric Spectroscopy - The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for evaluating an earth formation using complex dielectric permittivity. The method may include estimating at least one property of the earth formation using a real part and an imaginary part of complex permittivity at a plurality of frequencies. The at least one property may include one or more of: oil viscosity and surface tension of a water-oil system. The method may include performing dielectric permittivity estimates using an electromagnetic tool in a borehole. The apparatus may include the electromagnetic tool and at least one processor configured to store information obtained by the electromagnetic tool in a memory. The at least one processor may also be configured to estimate at least one property of the earth formation. | 01-16-2014 |
20140019050 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A TARGET VOLUME BY ELECTROMAGNETIC INSPECTION - The method of the invention comprises the following steps: positioning a field source ( | 01-16-2014 |
20140019051 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING SURFACE ELECTROMAGNETIC SURVEYS - A technique provides a methodology for improving surveys of subterranean regions. The methodology comprises estimating macro anisotropy and an intrinsic or micro anisotropy of an overburden. A surface electromagnetic survey is conducted, and the data from the survey is inverted based on or including information gained from estimating the macro anisotropy and/or intrinsic anisotropy. A processor system can be used to conduct the inversion with the adjustments for anisotropy to improve the information provided by the survey. | 01-16-2014 |
20140032117 | SP Curve Drift Correction - A method and apparatus for removing drift from a curve of raw data acquired from a wellbore that intersects a subterranean formation. The raw data curve is filtered to remove DC components, integrating the filtered curve generates a new baseline curve. Adding the new base line curve to the filtered curve yields a corrected curve that is used to extract drift from the raw data curve. The corrected curve is filtered and then subtracted from the raw data curve to produce a drift curve. A data curve, absent any drift, is generated by filtering the drift curve, and subtracting the filtered data curve from the raw data curve. | 01-30-2014 |
20140058677 | METHOD FOR PROCESSING ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA - Methods and computing systems for processing electromagnetic data are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method is disclosed that includes performing a first controlled source electromagnetic survey at a selected area that includes a reservoir zone; performing additional controlled source electromagnetic surveys at the selected area after the first survey; and inverting measurements from the first survey and the additional surveys to identify at least one resistivity change in the reservoir zone after the first survey, wherein during the inversion, respective measured resistivity values from the first survey and respective measured resistivity values from the additional surveys are constrained to be constant, and correspond to one or more areas disposed in the selected area that are outside of the reservoir zone. | 02-27-2014 |
20140067272 | METHOD FOR ESTIMATING FORMATION PARAMETERS FROM IMAGINARY COMPONENTS OF MEASURED DATA - A system and method for determining formation parameters is provided. The system includes an induction logging tool having a plurality of transmitter coils. The induction logging tool further includes a plurality of receiver coils, each of the receiver coils being spaced apart from the transmitter coils by a predetermined distance and receiving a response signal from the formation. The system includes circuitry coupled to the induction logging tool, the circuitry determining voltages induced in the plurality of receiver coils by the response signal. The circuitry separates real or in-phase portions of the determined voltages from imaginary of ninety degrees out of phase portions of the determined voltages and determines formation parameters using imaginary portions of the measured voltages. | 03-06-2014 |
20140107928 | Evaluation of Low Resistivity Low Contrast Productive Formations - A method for identifying low resistivity low contrast high temperature high pressure productive subsurface formations rich in acid gases penetrated by a wellbore includes obtaining dielectric permittivity measurements of selected formations adjacent at least part of the wellbore. Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry measurements are obtained for the selected formations, the relaxometry measurements being calibrated to identify relaxation times corresponding to acid gases in high humidity at elevated pressure and temperature. Zones are identified for withdrawing formation fluid samples based on the dielectric permittivity and relaxometry measurements. | 04-17-2014 |
20140107929 | Electromagnetic Method For Obtaining Dip Azimuth Angle - An electromagnetic method for obtaining a dip azimuth angle from downhole electromagnetic measurements includes acquiring electromagnetic measurement data in a subterranean borehole from at least one measurement array. The electromagnetic measurement data is processed by a least squares method to obtain the dip azimuth angle. Related systems and apparatuses are also disclosed herein. | 04-17-2014 |
20140114576 | IDENTIFYING FORMATION, MATRIX AND FLUID RELATED CHARACTERISTICS FROM SUBSURFACE DATA USING FACTOR ANALYSIS - A method of interpreting petrophysical measurement data include arranging measurements of at least one physical property of formations into a matrix representing the measurements and selecting a range of number of unobserved factors or latent variables for factor analysis. Factor analysis is performed on the measurement matrix and comprises performing factorization of measurements matrix into a number of factors and performing rotation of the factorization results. Whether the factor loadings for each factor have achieved a “simple structure” is determined and either each of the selected number of factors is associated with a physical parameter of the formations, or one is added to the number of factors and factor analysis and rotation are repeated until factor loadings of all factors have achieved “simple structure” such that the each of the number of factors is associated with a physical property of the formations. | 04-24-2014 |
20140121974 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DEEP TRANSIENT RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT - A method of processing electromagnetic signal data includes: receiving transient electromagnetic (TEM) signal data from a downhole tool disposed in an earth formation, the downhole tool including at least one conductive component; estimating an initial bucking coefficient based on relative positions of the at least two receivers; combining the TEM signal data using the initial bucking coefficient to estimate an initial formation signal; selecting a plurality of bucking coefficient values based on the initial bucking coefficient and estimating a plurality of formation signals, each formation signal corresponding to one of the plurality of bucking coefficients; and selecting an optimal bucking coefficient from one of the initial bucking coefficient and the plurality of bucking coefficients based on the plurality of formation signals, the optimal bucking coefficient providing suppression of parasitic signals due to the at least one conductive component. | 05-01-2014 |
20140136113 | Apparatus and Method for Formation Dielectric Constant and Resistivity Measurements - An apparatus for measuring formation resistivity and dielectric constant used with a logging tool includes a tool pad coupled to the logging tool, a pair of receivers deployed on the tool pad including a first receiver and a second receiver, a measuring transmitter deployed on the tool pad and at an axial distance from the pair of receivers, and a compensating transmitter deployed on the tool pad and positioned substantially at the midpoint of the pair of receivers. The compensating transmitter transmits compensating signals to the pair of receivers and the measuring transmitter transmits measuring signals to the pair of receivers. The pair of receivers measures the amplitudes and phases of the compensating signals and the measuring signals in a sequential order and computes a compensated amplitude ratio and a compensated differential phase accordingly. A corresponding method for measuring formation resistivity and dielectric constant is also provided. | 05-15-2014 |
20140136114 | Apparatus and Method for Formation Resistivity Measurements - An apparatus for measuring formation resistivity in logging while drilling application includes a tool body, a pair of receivers deployed on the tool body including a first receiver and a second receiver, a measuring transmitter deployed on the tool body and at an axial distance from the pair of receivers, and a compensating transmitter deployed on the tool body and positioned substantially at the midpoint of the pair of receivers. The compensating transmitter transmits compensating signals to the pair of receivers and the measuring transmitter transmits measuring signals to the pair of receivers. The pair of receivers measures the amplitudes and phases of the compensating signals and the measuring signals in a sequential order and computes a compensated amplitude ratio and a compensated differential phase accordingly. A corresponding method for measuring formation resistivity is also provided. | 05-15-2014 |
20140136115 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DOWNHOLE TRANSIENT RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT AND INVERSION - A method of processing electromagnetic signal data includes: disposing a downhole tool in a borehole in an earth formation, the downhole tool including at least one electromagnetic transmitter; performing a downhole electromagnetic operation, the operation including transmitting an electromagnetic pulse from the transmitter into the formation and measuring a time domain transient electromagnetic (TEM) signal over a selected time interval following a transmitter turn-off time; transforming the measured time domain TEM signal into a frequency domain TEM signal measured; and applying an inversion technique to the transformed frequency domain TEM signal to estimate one or more formation parameters. | 05-15-2014 |
20140149040 | Multilevel Workflow Method To Extract Resistivity Anisotropy Data From Three-Dimensional Induction Measurements - A multi-step electromagnetic inversion method is provided for determining formation resistivity, anisotropy and dip. An electromagnetic logging tool is used to obtain non-directional, anisotropy, and directional (including symmetrized and anti-symmetrized resistivity measurements) in a formation using an electromagnetic logging tool. Bed boundaries of the formation are first identified. A horizontal resistivity profile is obtained using the non-directional resistivity measurements, and a vertical resistivity profile is obtained using the anisotropy resistivity measurements. The vertical resistivity profile is improved using the directional resistivity measurements, while dip values are also obtained via an inversion using the directional resistivity measurements. Then, an inversion for each of vertical resistivity, horizontal resistivity, dip values, and bed boundaries is performed using all of the non-directional, anisotropy, and directional resistivity measurements to obtain a formation model. | 05-29-2014 |
20140163887 | CROSS-COUPLING BASED DETERMINATION OF ANISOTROPIC FORMATION PROPERTIES - Tools, systems, and methods are disclosed for multi-component induction logging with iterative analytical conversion of tool measurements to formation parameters. At least some system embodiments include a logging tool and at least one processor. The logging tool provides transmitter-receiver coupling measurements that include at least diagonal coupling measurements (Hzz, Hxx, and/or Hyy) and cross-coupling measurements (Hxy, Hxz, and Hyz). The processor employs an iterative analytical conversion of the cross-coupling measurements into formation resistive anisotropy and dip information. The processor may further provide one or more logs of the resistive anisotropy and/or dip information. | 06-12-2014 |
20140172304 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DEEP TRANSIENT RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT WHILE DRILLING - A method for estimating a property of an earth formation penetrated by a borehole includes conveying a drill tubular through the borehole and transmitting a signal into the formation with a transmitter transducer disposed at the drill tubular. The method further includes receiving a first signal with a first receiver transducer having a sensitivity oriented in a first direction and disposed an axial distance from the transmitter transducer and receiving a second signal with a second receiver transducer having a sensitivity oriented in a second direction different from the first direction and disposed an axial distance from the transmitter transducer. The method also includes calculating a corrected signal that corrects for at least one of bending and torsion of the drill tubular between the transmitter transducer and the first and second receiver transducers using the first signal and the second signal and estimating the property using the corrected signal. | 06-19-2014 |
20140200808 | Phase-Based Electromagnetic Surveys For Geological Formations - An electromagnetic (EM) data acquisition method for a geological formation may include operating EM measurement devices to determine phase and amplitude data from the geological formation. The EM measurement devices may include at least one first EM measurement device within a borehole in the geological formation, and at least one second EM measurement device at a surface of the geological formation. The method may further include processing the phase data independent from the amplitude data to generate a geological constituent map of the geological formation, and identifying different geological constituents in the geological constituent map based upon the measured amplitude data. | 07-17-2014 |
20140200809 | Systems and Methods for Investigating A Formation Surrounding A Borehole - A method, a system, and an apparatus are described for the data acquisition in the well-logging of a borehole wall during the investigation of formation properties. Data acquisition is conducted by either an adaptive phase compensation processing or a modulus mode processing, both of which use in-phase and out-of-phase current components to obtain current values. Adaptive phase compensation employs a calculation of a phase shift compensation value, which may then be applied to subsequent acquisitions and can be further processed in the generation of an image of the borehole wall. | 07-17-2014 |
20140207382 | Finding Oil Content of the Formation Using Dielectric Spectroscopy - The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for evaluating fluid saturation in an earth formation using complex dielectric permittivity. The method may include estimating fluid saturation using an estimated rate of change at a frequency of an imaginary part of permittivity relative to a real part of permittivity. The method may include performing dielectric permittivity estimates using an electromagnetic tool in a borehole. The apparatus may include the electromagnetic tool and at least one processor configured to store information obtained by the electromagnetic tool in a memory. The at least one processor may also be configured to estimate the fluid saturation. | 07-24-2014 |
20140244174 | SYSTEMS AND METHODOLOGY FOR DETECTING A CONDUCTIVE STRUCTURE - Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to detect and locate conductive structures below the earth's surface. Tools can be configured with receiving sensors arranged to receive signals generated from a conductive structure in response to a current flowing on the conductive structure. Magnetic-related values from the signals can be processed, relative to the tool, to determine a position of a conductive structure from which the signal was generated in response to current flowing on the conductive structure. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 08-28-2014 |
20140244175 | COMPENSATED CROSSWELL TOMOGRAPHY METHODS AND SYSTEMS - A method and system to compensate for inaccuracies in crosswell tomography is presented. The method includes obtaining data from at least two receivers in response to transmissions from at least two transmitters. Next, at least one compensated value is derived based on the responses of the receivers to the transmitters. Finally, an inversion is performed based at least in part on the compensated value derived. This method eliminates inaccuracies that can be caused by sensor gain and phase variations in the inversion process. Inversion results with gain and phase compensation produce better imaging results that can better help determine the shape and boundaries of the reservoir. | 08-28-2014 |
20140249754 | LOOK-AHEAD OF THE BIT APPLICATIONS - Various embodiments include apparatus and methods of operation with respect to well logging. Apparatus and methods can include a tool having an arrangement of spaced apart transmitter antennas and receiver antennas in transmitter-receiver antenna pairs to make shallow measurements and deep measurements. The signals acquired from the shallow measurements and deep measurements can be processed to provide a look-ahead signal in a drilling operation. The transmitter and receiver antennas can be oriented to cancel or substantially cancel out signals from layers between the transmitter antenna and the receiver antenna in response to the transmitter being operated downhole in a well. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 09-04-2014 |
20140257702 | DETERMINING CONTINUOUS CAPILLARY PRESSURE CURVES FOR SUBSURFACE EARTH FORMATIONS USING SATURATION AND NMR LOG DATA - Continuous capillary pressure (P | 09-11-2014 |
20140257703 | Real-Time Formation Anisotropy And Dip Evaluation Using Multiaxial Induction Measurements - Methods and systems are provided for logging a formation by combining results for a zero-dimensional inversion of conductivity measurements with results for a higher-order inversion of a subset of the conductivity measurement. The higher order inversion can include a 1D-radial portion and a 1D-axial portion. The combined results can include formation characteristics such as Rh, Rv, dip, and azimuth. | 09-11-2014 |
20140324353 | MULTI-COMPONENT INDUCTION LOGGING SYSTEMS AND METHODS USING REAL-TIME OBM BOREHOLE CORRECTION - Various resistivity logging tools, systems, and methods are disclosed. At least some system embodiments include a logging tool and at least one processor. The logging tool provides transmitter-receiver coupling measurements that include at least direct coupling along the longitudinal tool axis (Czz), direct coupling along the perpendicular axis (Cxx or Cyy), and cross coupling along the longitudinal and perpendicular axes (Cxz, Cyz, Czx, or Czy). The processor combines a plurality of the coupling measurements to obtain inversion parameters. Based at least in part on the inversion parameter, the processor performs an inversion process to determine a vertical conductivity and, based in part on the vertical conductivity, determines borehole corrected values for said transmitter-receiver coupling measurements. One or more of the borehole corrected values can be provided as a function of borehole position. | 10-30-2014 |
20140350858 | ENHANCED RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT APPARATUS, METHODS, AND SYSTEMS - Apparatus and systems, as well as methods, may operate to acquire formation signals from a deep measurement electromagnetic antenna array, where values of the formation signals depend on properties of a geological formation. Formation signals may also be acquired from an at-bit resistivity (ABR) sensor, where the ABR sensor comprises a drill bit electrically coupled to a toroid or to multiple electrodes, the electrodes separated by at least one gap. Further activities may include inverting the values of the formation signals to transform the values into an enhanced resistivity measurement for the geological formation, wherein the inverting comprises determining at least one of relative distance between layers of the geological formation, relative orientation of the layers to a housing, or a resistivity gradient of the layers, wherein the layers are not locally penetrated by the bit. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 11-27-2014 |
20140350859 | Efficiency of Pixel-Based Inversion Algorithms - A method of estimating formation parameters in a directional drilling process by acquiring electromagnetic logging while drilling (LWD) measurements over a non-uniform forward modeling grid and inverting, using a pixel-based inversion method, the LWD measurements over a uniform inversion grid. The inversion algorithm may be applied using a sliding window scheme that allows the formation parameters to be estimated independently and in parallel across a plurality of overlapping windows which span the entirety of the inversion grid. | 11-27-2014 |
20140372040 | Adaptive Inversion For Vertical Resistivity Logs From Multiaxial Induction Measurements - A method for logging a formation or sample includes obtaining a plurality of multiaxial conductivity measurements from the formation or sample. A horizontal resistivity measurement, a dip measurement and a dip azimuth measurement are derived from the plurality of multiaxial conductivity measurements. A sharp vertical resistivity measurement is derived from a subset of the plurality of multiaxial conductivity measurements. | 12-18-2014 |
20150012216 | Apparatus and Method for Oil-Based Mud Formation Imaging Using Resonators - An oil-based mud formation imaging tool for measuring electrical properties of surrounding formation includes at least one base plate, a first port and a second port deployed on the base plate, surface conductors covering both sides of the base plate, and inside conductors deployed in the first port and the second ports and with gaps from the edges of the first and second ports. The first port is fed with electromagnetic signals by a waveguide and a coupling is formed between the imaging tool and the surrounding formation accordingly. Resonance signals are induced at the second port to be used to compute corresponding formation resistivity and dielectric constant. A corresponding imaging method is also provided. | 01-08-2015 |
20150012217 | System and Methods for Measuring Borehole Caliper in Oil-Based Mud - Systems and methods for estimating standoff and/or caliper in a wellbore for oil-based mud drilling are provided. The systems include a sensor having a primary electrode and at least two secondary electrodes, and an electronics subsystem having a controller and a processor for driving the system and correlating current measurements with standoff and/or caliper. The electrodes are positioned relative to one another such that there is a distinct flow of current between the primary electrode and each secondary electrode. In operation, a single excitation frequency is applied to the primary electrode and a simultaneous measurement of current flowing between the primary electrode and each secondary electrode is obtained. Standoff is estimated from the measurements. The estimations can be independent of formation properties when an appropriate excitation frequency is used. | 01-08-2015 |
20150032375 | Term By Term Gain Calibration Of Triaxial Propagation Measurements - A method for obtaining gain corrected triaxial electromagnetic propagation measurements with an offset correction includes deploying an electromagnetic logging tool in a subterranean borehole. The logging tool includes at least first and second axially spaced triaxial transmitters and at least first and second axially spaced triaxial receivers. A plurality of full tensor voltage measurements may be acquired and processed tensor term by tensor term to obtain a full tensor, gain corrected quantity. The processing may optionally include (i) removing a full tensor voltage offset from the acquired full tensor voltage measurements to obtain a corresponding plurality of offset corrected voltage tensors and (ii) processing the offset corrected voltage tensor term by tensor term to obtain the full tensor, gain and offset corrected quantity. | 01-29-2015 |
20150032376 | APPARATUS AND METHODS OF SKIN EFFECT CORRECTION - Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to provide a skin-effect correction. The skin-effect correction can be based on a pre-calculated correction coefficient library. In various embodiments, a skin-effect correction procedure can be applied that only uses a single-frequency R-signal measurement. In addition, an embodiment of a skin-effect correction procedure using a single-frequency R-signal measurement can be applied whenever the quality of the data from one of the multiple frequencies normally used in a multi-frequency method is reliable. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 01-29-2015 |
20150039231 | MEASUREMENT CORRECTION APPARATUS, METHODS, AND SYSTEMS - In some embodiments, an apparatus and a system, as well as a method and an article, may operate to calculate a map that transforms fast modeled measurement results into accurate modeled measurement results within a modeled data space, to make actual measurements using a tool disposed in a borehole, to transform a plurality of modeling parameter vectors into the fast modeled measurement results via modeling, to transform the fast modeled measurement results into the accurate modeled measurement results using the map, to locate a matching modeling parameter vector as one of the plurality of modeling parameter vectors that matches the accurate modeled measurement results to the actual measurement, and to display at least a portion of the matching modeling parameter vector to represent at least one property of a geological formation. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are described. | 02-05-2015 |
20150073712 | Method for Estimating a Logging Tool Response in a Layered Formation - A logging method and a logging tool for approximating a logging tool response in a layered formation are provided. The method includes obtaining a first layered profile of at least one first measurement log provided by a logging tool using a squaring process, obtaining a filtered measurement log from the first layered profile using a forward physical model for the logging tool, and estimating an approximation of the forward physical model using a parameterized function so as to provide a first logging tool response. | 03-12-2015 |
20150073713 | System And Method For Improving Surface Electromagnetic Surveys - A technique provides a methodology for improving surveys of subterranean regions. The methodology comprises estimating macro anisotropy and an intrinsic or micro anisotropy of an overburden. A surface electromagnetic survey is conducted, and the data from the survey is inverted based on or including information gained from estimating the macro anisotropy and/or intrinsic anisotropy. A processor system can be used to conduct the inversion with the adjustments for anisotropy to improve the information provided by the survey. | 03-12-2015 |
20150081220 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF COMPOUNDS USING ADMITTANCE SPECTROSCOPY - Described herein are systems and methods for determining the location, composition and concentration of a hydrocarbon containing plume in environmental seawater. These systems and methods disclosed use multiple complex admittance measurements from seawater in order to identify the contents, concentration, and location of the hydrocarbon containing plume. In preferred variations system includes a sensor array that substantially simultaneously records plume location, depth, and composition. | 03-19-2015 |
20150088426 | DETECTING BED BOUNDARY LOCATIONS BASED ON MEASUREMENTS FROM MULTIPLE TOOL DEPTHS IN A WELLBORE - Systems, methods, and software for detecting bed boundary locations are described. In some aspects, the boundaries of a subsurface layer are identified based on a measurement from a logging point and a gradient associated with the measurement from the logging point. A first measurement is generated based on operating a transmitter and a receiver of a resistivity logging tool at a first tool depth. The gradient is calculated from the first measurement and a second measurement. The second measurement is generated based on operating the transmitter and the receiver of the resistivity logging tool at a second, different tool depth. | 03-26-2015 |
20150127264 | Downhole Wettability Estimate Using Multi-Frequency Dielectric Measurements - The wettability of a formation may be estimated using a multi-frequency dielectric measurement tool. Multi-frequency dielectric dispersion measurements are made using the multi-frequency dielectric measurement tool on a sample. The bulk density and the total porosity of the sample are also otherwise acquired. The bulk density, matrix permittivity, total porosity, and multi-frequency dielectric dispersion measurements are input into a petrophysical dielectric model and the petrophysical dielectric model is applied to obtain inversion results. A wettability state of the sample is determined using the inversion results and one or more reservoir management decisions are made based on the determined wettability state of the sample. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium may be provided that has stored on it one or more programs that provide instructions. The instructions are executed by a processor and cause the processor to develop an estimation of formation wettability that may be used for reservoir management. | 05-07-2015 |
20150134254 | FOCUSED ARRAY LATEROLOG TOOL - Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to make resistivity measurements in a borehole using tool having an array of electrodes operable to provide focused currents and measure corresponding voltages to determine resistivity. Tools can be configured with a main electrode having a number of spaced apart electrodes within the main electrode such that the spaced apart electrodes are arranged azimuthally with respect to an axis of the tool. Generation of current from the spaced apart electrodes and control of current from additional electrodes on each side of the main electrode can provide for focused measurements. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 05-14-2015 |
20150134255 | STRATIGRAPHIC AND STRUCTURAL INTERPRETATION OF DEVIATED AND HORIZONTAL WELLBORES - Methods of generating structural models of highly deviated or horizontal wells may be generated from the measurement of true stratigraphic thickness in three dimensions (TST3D). In one aspect, methods may include generating a structural model from one or more deviation surveys of a horizontal well, one or more single channel log measurements, and a three-dimensional reference surface. | 05-14-2015 |
20150134256 | LATE TIME ROTATION PROCESSING OF MULTI-COMPONENT TRANSIENT EM DATA FOR FORMATION DIP AND AZIMUTH - A system and method to determine a dip angle and an azimuth angle of a formation are described. The system includes a transmitter disposed in a borehole to change a transmitted current to induce a current in an earth formation, and a receiver disposed in the borehole, spaced apart from the transmitter, to receive transient electromagnetic signals. The system also includes a processor to extract multi-time focusing (MTF) responses from the transient electromagnetic signals, determine a relative dip angle and a rotation of a tool comprising the transmitter and receiver based on the MTF responses, and estimate the dip angle and the azimuth angle of the formation based on the relative dip angle and the rotation of the tool. | 05-14-2015 |
20150322774 | TILTED ANTENNA LOGGING SYSTEMS AND METHODS YIELDING ROBUST MEASUREMENT SIGNALS - Disclosed herein are electromagnetic logging systems and methods that provide a set of signals that robustly approximate the response of a model tool employing orthogonal triads of point-dipole antennas. One illustrative method embodiment obtains an azimuthally sensitive electromagnetic logging tool's signal measurements as a function of position in a borehole, the tool having at least two spacing distances (d | 11-12-2015 |
20150338542 | DEEP AZIMUTHAL SYSTEM WITH MULTI-POLE SENSORS - Various embodiments include systems and methods of operation with respect to well logging. The systems and methods can include a number of transmitter sensors and a number of receiving sensors arranged to operate as a system including one or more multi-pole sensors. Such systems may be controlled to generate deep high-order azimuthal sensitivity. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 11-26-2015 |
20150346379 | Well-Logging Viewer with Icons - A well-logging system for a geological formation having a borehole therein includes a well-logging tool to be positioned within the borehole. The well-logging tool includes electrical current flow pads to press outwardly against adjacent portions of the borehole and establish respective current flow paths therethrough, and sensors to sense pressure and current flow for each of the electrical current flow pads. The system may also include a processor coupled to a display to display an image including icons representative of the sensed pressure and current flow for each of the electrical current flow pads. The icons may be assigned different colors to indicate status. | 12-03-2015 |
20150355372 | Method and System for Calibrating A Downhole Imaging Tool - System and methods of generating calibrated downhole images of a subterranean formation ( | 12-10-2015 |
20150369940 | Saturation Estimation Using mCSEM Data and Stochastic Petrophysical Modeling - A method for estimating saturation using mCSEM data and stochastic petrophysical models by quantifying the average water saturation in a reservoir given the transverse resistance (TR) obtained from mCSEM data, including the following steps: a) obtaining mCSEM survey data from a subsurface region of interest, b) performing an inversion of the obtained mCSEM data, c) subtracting a background resistivity trend from the mCSEM inversion data from the resistivity trend of the mCSEM inversion data from inside a hydrocarbon reservoir, d) estimating the location of an anomaly in the mCSEM inversion data, e) estimating the magnitude of the transverse resistance associated with an anomaly from the mCSEM inversion data, f) estimating an initial average reservoir saturation corresponding to transverse resistance using a stochastic petrophysical model and Monte Carlo simulation connecting reservoir parameters to transverse resistance, and g) integrating the obtained saturation distribution as a function of transverse resistances over the assumed distribution of transverse resistances to obtain a final estimation of the fluid saturation probability. | 12-24-2015 |
20150369950 | RESISTIVITY LOGGING SYSTEMS AND METHODS EMPLOYING RATIO SIGNAL SET FOR INVERSION - Electromagnetic resistivity logging systems and methods yielding formation anisotropy and dip from a signal set that closely approximates the response of a idealized tool. One illustrative method embodiment derives from an azimuthally-sensitive tool's measurements a full set of orthogonal direct couplings (Vxx, Vyy, Vzz) and a cross-coupling sum (Vxz+Vzx) or (Vyz+Vzy). These values are converted into a signal set as a function of borehole position, the set including: a first signal representing a ratio between Vzz coupling components at different spacing distances, a second signal representing a ratio between Vxx and Vzz coupling components, a third signal representing a ratio between Vyy and Vzz coupling components, a fourth signal representing a ratio between Vxx and Vyy coupling components, and a fifth signal representing a ratio between a cross-coupling sum and a sum of the direct couplings. From this signal set, formation parameters can be accurately determined by inversion. | 12-24-2015 |
20150369952 | DETERMINATION OF TRUE FORMATION RESISTIVITY - Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to determine true formation resistivity. Such apparatus and methods may use techniques to effectively reduce or eliminate polarization horn effects at boundaries between formations of different resistivity. The techniques may use combinations of geosignals and adjustments of measurement data to evaluate true formation resistivity for formation layers investigated. Such techniques and associated analysis may be conducted real time. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 12-24-2015 |
20160003029 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OPTIMIZING GRADIENT MEASUREMENTS IN RANGING OPERATIONS - The system comprises a drilling apparatus comprising a first portion ( | 01-07-2016 |
20160003963 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INVERSION IN DIELECTRIC LOGGING - A method for inverting dielectric logging tool measurement data to estimate an electrical characteristic of an earth formation includes: receiving measurement data from the logging tool having a transmitter antenna and receiver antennas spaced known distances from the transmitter antenna; establishing an equation relating magnetic field measurements made by the receiver antennas to the distances and a wave vector; establishing an error equation that quantifies a difference between the magnetic field measurements made by the receiver antennas to magnetic field measurements made by the receiver antennas that would be obtained with an estimated formation electrical characteristic; calculating an error using the error equation for an initial estimated value of the wave vector that comprises a term having a first number multiplied times a second number of radians to provide a plurality of calculated errors; and determining a minimum error from the plurality of calculated errors to estimate the electrical characteristic. | 01-07-2016 |
20160003964 | DIP CORRECTION FOR ARRAY INDUCTION TOOL DATA - A system and method of correcting induction logging data for relative dip, wherein an induction logging tool is utilized to collect initial induction logging data at a plurality of frequencies. The initial induction logging data is then corrected for skin effect and borehole effect, after which, inversion is performed on the processed induction logging data to determine a dip effect correction. The dip effect correction is then applied to the initial induction logging data in order to yield induction logging data that is dip corrected to reflect a zero relative dip. Once dip corrected, the induction logging data can be used with resistivity methodologies generally designed for instances where no dip is present in the formation under analysis. In certain embodiments, the inversion step utilizes an additive correction for the dip effect correction. | 01-07-2016 |
20160011327 | ESTIMATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL FORMATION USING MULTI-COMPONENT INDUCTION TOOLS | 01-14-2016 |
20160025886 | APPARATUS AND METHODS OF REDUCING ERROR IN MEASUREMENTS - Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to reduce error in measurements. In various embodiments, a field is measured at two sensors at different positions from each other, the two sensors are interchanged, and the field at the two sensors at the two interchanged positions is measured. Using the measurements acquired before the interchange and the measurements after the interchange, errors in measuring the field, a difference in the field, or a combination of the field and the difference in the field can be reduced. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 01-28-2016 |
20160033668 | METHOD OF IMAGING THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY DISTRIBUTION OF A SUBSURFACE - A method of imaging electrical conductivity distribution of a subsurface containing metallic structures with known locations and dimensions is disclosed. Current is injected into the subsurface to measure electrical potentials using multiple sets of electrodes, thus generating electrical resistivity tomography measurements. A numeric code is applied to simulate the measured potentials in the presence of the metallic structures. An inversion code is applied that utilizes the electrical resistivity tomography measurements and the simulated measured potentials to image the subsurface electrical conductivity distribution and remove effects of the subsurface metallic structures with known locations and dimensions. | 02-04-2016 |
20160033673 | ESTIMATING PETROPHYSICAL PARAMETERS AND INVASION PROFILE USING JOINT INDUCTION AND PRESSURE DATA INVERSION APPROACH - Methods and related systems are described relating to an inversion approach for interpreting the geophysical electromagnetic data. The inversion can be constrained by using a multiphase fluid flow simulator (incorporating pressure data if available) which simulates the fluid flow process and calculates the spatial distribution of the water saturation and the salt concentration, which are in turn transformed into the formation conductivity using a resistivity-saturation formula. In this way, the inverted invasion profile is consistent with the fluid flow physics and moreover accounts for gravity segregation effects. Jointly with the pressure data, the inversion estimates a parametric one-dimensional distribution of permeability and porosity. The fluid flow volume is directly inverted from the fluid-flow-constrained inversion of the electromagnetic data. The approach is not limited by the traditional interpretation of the formation test, which is based on a single-phase model without taking into account invasion or assuming that the fluid, for example mud-filtrate, has been cleaned up from the formation testing zone. The joint inversion of the electromagnetic and pressure data provides for a more reliable interpretation of formation permeability. One advantage of the approaches described herein, is its possible generalization to three-dimensional geometries, for example dipping beds and highly deviated wells. | 02-04-2016 |
20160041293 | Method and Apparatus for Magnetic Ranging While Rotating - A method for magnetic ranging includes rotating a drilling tool in a drilling well in sensory range of an AC ranging signal emanating from a target well. The drilling tool includes a magnetic field sensor rotatably coupled thereto. The magnetic field sensor obtains a plurality of magnetic field measurements while rotating. The magnetic field measurements are mathematically back-rotated to obtain back-rotated magnetic field measurements which are in turn processed to obtain a measurement of the AC magnetic ranging signal emanating from the target well. The AC magnetic ranging signal is then processed to compute at least one of a distance and a direction from the drilling well to the target well. | 02-11-2016 |
20160047239 | LOG PROCESSING AND FRACTURE CHARACTERIZATION IN BIAXIALLY ANISOTROPIC FORMATIONS - Evaluation of formation and fracture characteristics based on multicomponent induction (MCI) log data includes automated calculation of inverted biaxial anisotropy (BA) parameters for the formation by performing an iterative BA inversion operation based on the MCI log data and using a BA formation model that accounts for transfers by axial formation anisotropy to resistivity. The BA inversion operation can be combined with a transversely anisotropic (TI) inversion based on the MCI log data and using a TI formation model, to calculate inverted TI parameters for the formation. The inverted BA parameters and the inverted TI parameters can be used, in combination, to calculate a quantified value for an identification function, to indicate estimated presence or absence of a fracture in the formation. | 02-18-2016 |
20160047934 | Extended 1D Inversion Of Electromagnetic Measurements For Formation Evaluation - A method to determine at least one formation property of a subterranean formation includes providing a downhole electromagnetic logging tool having at least one transmitter array and one receiver array and acquiring measurements in the formation using the transmitter and receiver arrays of the downhole electromagnetic logging tool. The method further includes performing a first inversion in response to the measurements, wherein at least one of dip or dip azimuth are assumed constant in an inversion zone within the formation to obtain an inverted formation model that comprises at least one of horizontal resistivity (Rh), vertical resistivity (Rv), dip, and dip azimuth. The method includes determining an n-th order partial derivative matrix of at least one of dip or dip azimuth, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1. The method includes performing a second inversion using the determined n-th order partial derivative matrix, wherein at least one of dip and dip azimuth are allowed to vary in the inversion zone, to obtain an updated formation model. The method includes determining the at least one formation property of the formation using the up-dated formation model. | 02-18-2016 |
20160047935 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR ESTIMATION OF HYDROCARBON VOLUMES IN UNCONVENTIONAL FORMATIONS - Systems and methods for evaluating a composition of a formation. A method includes obtaining a first set of well-logging data, via an NMR system, of a formation, and obtaining a second set of well-logging data, via a second well-logging system, of the formation. The method also includes determining from the first set and from the second set a model of the composition of the formation. This model of the composition of the formation may identify materials not directly identifiable by the first set of well-logging data alone or by the second set of well-logging data alone. | 02-18-2016 |
20160054467 | METHOD OF ESTIMATING ANISOTROPIC FORMATION RESISTIVITY PROFILE USING A MULTI-COMPONENT INDUCTION TOOL - Improved algorithm for estimating anisotropic formation resistivity profile using a multi-component induction tool are disclosed. A method for estimating anisotropic formation resistivity profile of a formation comprises obtaining borehole corrected log data and determining at an azimuth angle of the formation. One or more formation bed boundaries are located and initial formation properties are calculated. One of a plurality of inversion windows is sequentially selected and a one-dimensional inversion of each of the sequentially selected one of the plurality of inversion windows is performed. | 02-25-2016 |
20160061027 | Electromagnetic Telemetry for Measurement and Logging While Drilling and Magnetic Ranging Between Wellbores - A method for signal communication between a well drilling instrument and the Earth's surface includes generating an electromagnetic field in an instrument disposed in drill string used to drill a wellbore. The electromagnetic field includes encoded measurements from at least one sensor associated with the instrument. A signal corresponding to an amplitude of the electromagnetic field is measured and the measurements from the measured signal are decoded. The signal comprises a voltage measured across electrodes or a voltage induced in an electromagnetic receiver disposed at a selected depth below the Earth's surface. The selected depth is at least the depth of a formation below the water table having a highest resistivity within 500 meters of the surface. | 03-03-2016 |
20160061987 | Petrophysical Inversions Systems and Methods Field - The disclosure provides methods and systems for evaluating formation geometry and petrophysical properties directly from raw electromagnetic measurements. The methods involve using a downhole tool to measure a property of a formation at multiple depths of investigation and calculating geometry and petrophysical property information by direct inversion from raw measurements acquired by the tool. The system includes a tool for measuring a formation property at different depths of investigation and a processor for calculating geometry and petrophysical information by direct inversion from the raw measurements acquired by the tool. | 03-03-2016 |
20160070019 | ESTIMATING SUBSURFACE FORMATION AND INVASION PROPERTIES - An estimated value for invasion depth of an invasion zone in a subsurface measurement zone is calculated in a one-dimensional optimization procedure based on multi-array laterolog measurement data. A one-dimensional optimization problem is defined as having the invasion depth as a sole variable measurement zone parameter. The one-dimensional optimization problem is then solved by automated, iterative modification of the invasion depth value. The one-dimensional optimization problem can be a function to minimize a misfit error between (a) multi-array measurement values for resistivity of the subsurface measurement zone, and (b) predicted measurement values calculated in accordance with a simulated measurement zone model based at least in part on the invasion depth. In one embodiment, the optimization function defines a misfit error between (1) normalized differences between respective measurements of neighboring measurement arrays of the multi-array laterolog tool, and (2) normalized differences between respective predicted measurement values for neighboring measurement arrays. | 03-10-2016 |
20160077233 | Capacitivity and Frequency Effect Index Detection Device and Method, and Explorative Substance Identification Method - Capacitivity and frequency effect index detection device and method, the device comprising a signal generator for generating alternating current signal having at least two frequencies; a current and phase generation module for generating current and phase information corresponding to each frequency; a first and second test electrodes, the first test electrode for sending the signal to a first position in a test area; the second test electrode for providing reference voltage at a second location in the test area; the first test electrode also for generating voltage information corresponding to each frequency, the voltage information as voltage information of the first position relative to the reference voltage of the second position; and a processing unit for determining at least one type of parameter information corresponding to each frequency and determining the capacitivity and frequency effect index of the test area according to any two frequencies and the parameter information. | 03-17-2016 |
20160084983 | HOMOGENEOUS INVERSION FOR MULTI-COMPONENT INDUCTION TOOLS - Various embodiments include apparatus and methods that perform a homogeneous inversion processing to data or signals acquired from a multicomponent induction tool operating in a wellbore. The homogeneous inversion processing can be used to provide a quality check of results from radial one dimensional borehole correction processing. Also, the homogeneous inversion processing may be employed as a dip indicator of conventional array induction logging processing. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. | 03-24-2016 |
20160109614 | MULTI-COMPONENT INDUCTION LOGGING SYSTEMS AND METHODS USING BLENDED-MODEL INVERSION - At least some disclosed resistivity logging system embodiments include a logging tool and a processing system. The logging tool provides multi-component transmitter-receiver coupling measurements to the processing system. The processing system derives from the measurements initial formation parameter estimates based on a first formation model such as a radially-symmetric formation model having anisotropic, but otherwise homogenous dipping formation. The processing system further derives in one or more selected regions a second set of formation parameter estimates based on a second formation model such as a model having a dipping borehole through a series of horizontal formation layers, each having a vertical transverse isotropy. The processing system produces an output set of formation parameter estimates which, in the selected regions, depend on the second set of formation parameter estimates, and in at least some regions outside the selected regions, solely depend on the initial formation parameter estimates. | 04-21-2016 |
20160124108 | Inversion Technique For Fracture Characterization In Highly Inclined Wells Using Multiaxial Induction Measurements - A method uses multiaxial electromagnetic measurements corresponding to measurements made along two mutually orthogonal axes perpendicular to and parallel to an axis of a wellbore corresponding to at least one receiver spacing from a transmitter. An initial orientation of a fracture with respect to the axis of the wellbore and a distance from the fracture are calculated using the multiaxial electromagnetic measurements. An initial model of subsurface formations is made using the initial orientation, distance and formation resistivity adjacent the fracture. An expected response of an electromagnetic instrument to the initial model is generated. The expected response is compared to measurements made by the electromagnetic instrument and a parameter of the initial model is adjusted. The expected response is repeated and the model adjusted until a difference between the expected response and the measurements either (i) falls below a selected threshold or (ii) exceeds a predetermined number of repetitions. | 05-05-2016 |
20160131791 | MULTI-COMPONENT INDUCTION LOGGING SYSTEMS AND METHODS USING SELECTED FREQUENCY INVERSION - Formation properties may he more efficiently derived from measurements of multi-frequency, multi-component array induction tools, by emphasizing the measurements associated with shorter spacings/lower frequencies in certain regions and short-to-middle spacings/higher frequencies in other regions. In at least one embodiment, a disclosed logging system includes a logging tool that when conveyed along a borehole through a formation obtains multi-component transmit-receive antenna coupling measurements with multiple arrays having different antenna spacings; and a processing system that operates on the measurements. The processing system derives from said measurements one or more formation parameter estimates; determines measurement weight coefficients for a cost function based on said one or more formation parameter estimates; and inverts said measurements with said cost function to obtain one or more enhanced parameter estimates. | 05-12-2016 |
20160139293 | Subsurface Estimation of Level of Organic Maturity - A method for determining a level of organic maturity of a shale gas formation includes inverting multifrequency complex conductivity data to estimate a volume fraction of graphite, turbostatic carbon nanostructures, and pyrite. The inversion is validated using estimates of the volume fraction of graphite, turbostatic carbon nanostructures, and pyrite. The volume fraction of graphite and turbostatic carbon nanostructures is correlated to a level of organic maturity log of the shale gas formation. The level of organic maturity log is validated using sulfur content obtained from pyrolysis or vitrinite reflectance. A variation of an electromagnetic response due to the volume fraction of graphite, turbostatic carbon nanostructures, and pyrite is quantified. The electromagnetic response is modified by removing the quantified variation to obtain resistivity and permittivity values. | 05-19-2016 |
20160178787 | HYBRID IMAGE OF EARTH FORMATION BASED ON TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETC MEASUREMENTS | 06-23-2016 |
20160195633 | LOGGING WHILE DRILLING (LWD) STEERING VISUALIZATION TOOL METHODS AND SYSTEMS | 07-07-2016 |
20170235011 | ESTIMATING SUBSURFACE FORMATION AND INVASION PROPERTIES | 08-17-2017 |
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