Class / Patent application number | Description | Number of patent applications / Date published |
422224000 | Including internal mixing or stirring means | 50 |
20080226519 | METHOD OF MULTIPLE REACTION IN MICROREACTOR, AND MICROREACTOR - When fluids A and B are caused to flow together from a fluid introduction portion into a microreactionchannel, they are divided into a plurality of fluid segments A and B in a diametral section of the microreactionchannel at the entrance side, and are mixed with each other by molecular diffusion to perform multiple reaction while being caused to flow as laminar flows. | 09-18-2008 |
20080253944 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR INTRODUCING FUEL OIL INTO A STEAM REFORMER WITH REDUCED CARBON DEPOSITION - A system and method for creating reformate with decreased carbon deposition. The system is made up of a steam source, a superheater, a fuel injection device, a prereformer, and a reformer with catalyst linings. The system functions to superheat steam while maintaining the fuel at a lower temperature prior to injection and mixing with the steam. After injection and mixing, the steam and fuel mixture is then passed through a prereformer where catalysts treat a portion of the fuel and steam mixture. After these portions are treated with a catalyst, the mixture is passed through to a reformer where further treatment of the material by catalyst takes place. | 10-16-2008 |
20080267845 | Multipurpose Flow Module - The present invention relates to a multipurpose flow module comprising flow plates and/or heat exchanger plates stacked together, which flow plate having a flow channel and one or more connection ports. To each flow plate or heat exchanger plate one or more barrier plates may be attached. The present invention further relates to a method for extraction, for reaction, for mixing, or combinations thereof in the multipurpose flow module, and to uses of the multipurpose flow module. | 10-30-2008 |
20090162266 | Device for a reactor and method for distributing a multi-phase mixture in a reactor - An up-flow reactor includes a reaction chamber, and a distributor device disposed in the reaction chamber for distributing a multi-phase mixture therein. The distributor device includes a first pipe adapted for conducting a gas phase, and including first discharge ports, a second pipe adapted for conducting a slurry or a liquid phase, and including second discharge ports, and a plurality of nozzles. Each nozzle communicates a pair of the first and second discharge ports with a venturi outlet of the nozzle, such that pressurized gas phase from the first discharge port passing through the venturi outlet creates a negative pressure for drawing-in the slurry or the liquid phase to be mixed with the gas phase in the venturi outlet. | 06-25-2009 |
20090311152 | ACTIVATED VAPOR TREATMENT FOR NEUTRALIZING WARFARE AGENTS - Hydrogen peroxide is vaporized ( | 12-17-2009 |
20100074813 | Apparatus for the generation of chlorine dioxide - The instant application provides apparatus and methods for the generation of chlorine dioxide. The methods and apparatus of the invention use a water dissolvable membrane to allow the reaction of precursor chemicals, e.g., chlorite salt and an acid. The methods and compositions of the invention provide chlorine dioxide for a number of personal and commercial applications. | 03-25-2010 |
20100129276 | GAS MIXING DEVICE AND SYNTHESIS GAS PRODUCING DEVICE - To provide a gas mixing device capable of safely mixing flammable gas containing, for example, methane or the like and combustion supporting gas such as oxygen-containing gas, and a synthesis gas producing device using this gas mixing device. | 05-27-2010 |
20110081279 | Alkaline metal fuel pulse generator - A method of dispensing small discrete quantities of fluidized alkaline metals fuels through a plurality of spindle shaft orifices into a hydrolyzation chamber at a high spindle shaft rotational speed. | 04-07-2011 |
20110116990 | Tandem Reactor System Having an Injectively-Mixed Backmixing Reaction Chamber, Tubular-Reactor, and Axially Movable Interface - A reactor system for gas phase reacting of at least two fluid feed streams, where the reactor system has an injectively-mixed backmixing reaction chamber in fluid communication with a tubular-flow reactor. The injectively-mixed backmixing reaction chamber has a bulkhead that slides during real-time operation to either diminish or expand the internal volume of the backmixing reaction chamber. In one embodiment, the effective passageway space through the bulkhead is also variably adjustable. In another embodiment, the tubular-flow reactor shares the bulkhead so that axial bulkhead movement commensurately expands one reaction space while diminishing the other reaction space. Input gas streams enter the backmixing reaction chamber with sufficient velocity to turbulently agitate the contents of the injectively-mixed backmixing reaction chamber by injective intermixing of the alkane-containing gas feed stream and the oxygen-containing gas feed stream. A focal application is for direct (partial) oxidative conversion of natural gas to alkyl oxygenates. | 05-19-2011 |
20110243807 | UTILIZATION OF BAFFLES IN CHLORINATION ZONE FOR CONTINUOUS CATALYST REGENERATION - Catalyst regeneration vessels including a chlorination zone that includes an outer mixing chamber, an inner mixing chamber, and a catalyst bed. The outer mixing chamber can include a lower portion and an upper portion, the lower portion of the outer mixing chamber including at least one air nozzle that injects a drying air stream into the outer mixing chamber, at least one chlorine input nozzle that injects a chlorine input stream into the outer mixing chamber, and at least a first baffle. The chlorination zone can also contain a second baffle that directs the mixed drying air stream and chlorine input stream from the outer mixing chamber to the inner mixing chamber. | 10-06-2011 |
20110256036 | REACTOR INTERNAL STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A coating of niobium oxide, zirconium titanate, or nickel titanate is formed on at least a part of a surface of a jet pump member constituting a jet pump serving as a reactor internal structure of a boiling water reactor. Further, a solution containing, e.g., a niobium compound is applied to at least a part of the surface of the jet pump member constituting the jet pump, and the jet pump member coated with the solution is heat-treated to form a coating of, e.g., niobium oxide. With this configuration, the jet pump member constituting the jet pump of the boiling water reactor is provided such that deposition of crud can be sufficiently suppressed on the jet pump member. | 10-20-2011 |
20120020847 | Retention Of Solid Powder Catalyst By In-Situ Cross Flow Filtration In Continuous Stirred Reactors - A system for the retention of finely divided solid catalysts inside a continuously stirred back-mixed reactor is presented. The system includes multiple porous media filter elements and multiple reactor baffles. The porous media filter elements are located to act as part of said reactor baffles. The porous media is selected to retain the large majority of the catalyst particles while allowing the reacted contents to leave the reactor through the pores of the porous media. The porous media elements may have a circular cross-section. The system utilizes the pumped flow of the reactor's agitator system to sweep solids from the porous media, and a high velocity zone is created around the back side of the porous media filter elements by a venturi effect caused by design and placement of the baffles and the porous media elements. | 01-26-2012 |
20120269699 | METHOD OF FABRICATING A MIXING CHAMBER AND A REACTOR RELATING THERETO - One exemplary embodiment can be a method of fabricating a mixing chamber in a hydroprocessing reactor. The method can include providing a first section forming an opening and coupling a second section including a sidewall to the first section. The second section forms a flange for coupling the mixing chamber and facilitating the mixing of one or more fluids. | 10-25-2012 |
20130011309 | PLATE REACTOR - The plate reactor includes a rotatable plate coated with a thin film containing an active photocatalytic nanocomposite. In use, the plate is partially submerged in polluted water so that a portion thereof is exposed to air and light. The exposed areas of the plate gains oxygen from the air, which reacts with the photo-promoted electrons from the coating. This results in the formation of very reactive superoxide radical ions (O | 01-10-2013 |
20130028810 | Two Part Oxygen Generating System - There is provided a two part spray for the liberation and delivery of oxygen through the use of a first part that is a peroxide-containing solution and a second part that is a nanoparticle manganese dioxide catalyst. When the two parts are mixed together, the ensuing reaction results in the liberation of oxygen. | 01-31-2013 |
20130071299 | HIGH SHEAR HYDROGENATION OF WAX AND OIL MIXTURES - Embodiments disclosed herein describe a system for producing enhanced wax alternatives, the system that includes a reactor having a reactor inlet and a reactor outlet; and a high shear device having a device inlet, a device outlet, a rotor, a stator, and a catalytic surface, wherein the device outlet is in fluid communication with the reactor inlet. | 03-21-2013 |
20130084224 | MULTI-STREAM FEED INJECTOR - In certain embodiments, a feed injector system includes an inner channel configured to convey at least one of a solid fuel feed or a liquid reactant or moderator to a reaction zone. A first oxidizer channel extends around the inner channel, wherein the first oxidizer channel is configured to convey a first oxidizer stream to the reaction zone. A second oxidizer channel extends around the first oxidizer channel, wherein the second oxidizer channel is configured to convey a second oxidizer stream to the reaction zone. Additionally, a third channel extends around the inner channel and the first and second oxidizer channels, wherein the third channel is configured to convey at least one of the solid fuel feed or the liquid reactant or moderator to the reaction zone. | 04-04-2013 |
20130343962 | OXIDATION METHOD AND REACTOR - A method and apparatus for increasing the concentration of oxygen in the reaction medium present in the oxidation reactor. A volume of aqueous medium from the oxidation reactor is removed and pressurized and oxygen is added to it. The oxygen-rich volume of aqueous medium is then reintroduced into the oxidation reactor at an increased pressure to ensure adequate mixing with the aqueous medium having a lower content of oxygen. | 12-26-2013 |
20140134068 | FLUID PROCESSING APPARATUS AND PROCESSING METHOD - A fluid is processed between processing surfaces capable of approaching to and separating from each other, at least one of which rotates relative to the other. A first fluid is introduced between processing surfaces, by using a micropump effect acting with a depression arranged on the processing surfaces from the center of the rotating processing surfaces. A second fluid, independent of this introduced fluid, is introduced from another fluid path that is provided with an opening leading to the processing surfaces, whereby the processing is done by mixing and stirring between the processing members. | 05-15-2014 |
20150368104 | METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT A HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION REACTION AND REACTION TANK FOR IT - Known methods for hydrothermal carbonization are very time intensive, as the carbonization reaction only proceeds gradually in the biomass used therefor. This is because of the different reaction conditions prevailing in different parts of the biomass. These also cause an inhomogeneous reaction product. To accelerate the method and to improve the result, the biomass is swirled inside the available reaction space with the aid of blower nozzles, which blow in the steam at a high speed so that the biomass is swirled. This ensures that the carbonization reaction can proceed uniformly and promptly after the biomass is introduced. | 12-24-2015 |
20160250365 | An Unpowered Pressurized Chlorine Dioxide Automatic Generating and Mixing Disinfection Device | 09-01-2016 |
20160252186 | CAVITATION REACTOR | 09-01-2016 |
422225000 | Mechanical type stirring means | 23 |
20090180940 | HIGH SHEAR PROCESS FOR CYCLOHEXANOL PRODUCTION - Use of a high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process for the production of cyclohexanol is capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the cyclohexanol production process. A system for the production of cyclohexanol from air oxidation of cyclohexane, the system comprising a high shear device, the outlet of the high shear device fluidly connected to the inlet of a reactor; the high shear device capable of providing a dispersion of air bubbles within a liquid comprising cyclohexane, the bubbles having an average bubble diameter of less than about 100 μm. | 07-16-2009 |
20090208390 | MIXING APPARATUS - A mixing apparatus ( | 08-20-2009 |
20100015019 | SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF ANILINE AND TOLUENEDIAMINE - A method for producing aniline or toluenediamine is disclosed which comprises forming a dispersion comprising hydrogen gas bubbles dispersed in a liquid medium comprising either nitrobenzene or dinitrotoluene, wherein the hydrogen gas bubbles have a mean diameter less than 1 micron; and subjecting the dispersion to hydrogenation reaction promoting conditions comprising pressure less than about 600 kPa and temperature less than about 200° C., whereby at least a portion of the nitrobenzene or dinitrotoluene is hydrogenated to form aniline or toluenediamine, respectively. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed. | 01-21-2010 |
20100074814 | REDUCTANT DECOMPOSITION MIXER AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME - A reductant decomposition mixer for use in exhaust systems is provided The mixer includes a plurality of mixer bars, a plurality of cross bars and an outer ring. The mixer bars have a plurality of blades and are arranged in parallel to extend in a single direction. The cross bars interlock with the mixer bars from opposing directions and are arranged in parallel to extend in a single direction that is perpendicular to the direction of the mixer bars. The outer ring is connected to the ends of each of the mixer bars and the ends of each of the cross bars. | 03-25-2010 |
20100098604 | DETACHABLE DECOMPOSITION REACTOR WITH AN INTEGRAL MIXER - A reductant decomposition reactor for use in exhaust systems is provided that includes a middle tube portion formed with a reductant injector mount, an inlet tube, an outlet tube and a mixer. The inlet tube is formed at a first end of the middle tube portion and the outlet tube is formed at a second end of the middle tube portion and both are configured to create a sealed connection to different portions of the exhaust system. The mixer fits between the middle tube portion and the outlet tube and is configured to decompose the reductant in an exhaust stream. The injector mount comprises a tube like section that connects at a first end to the middle tube portion and at a second end to an injector port of the injector mount, and is configured to reduce recirculation flow patterns in the reactor, create a high velocity flow at an inner surface of the injector mount and thereby reduce the formation of reductant deposits. | 04-22-2010 |
20100111786 | SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR STARCH PRODUCTION - Use of a high shear mechanical device in a process for production of starch by hydration and disruption of corn kernel particles in the presence of sulfur dioxide or bisulfite ions makes possible a decrease in mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing starch production. A system for production of starch is also provided in which a high shear mixing device is configured to receive an aqueous corn slurry from a pump that is disposed between the reactor and a gaseous sulfur dioxide inlet of the high shear mixing device. The high shear mixing device is also configured to generate a fine dispersion of sulfur dioxide bubbles and small corn particles in the slurry. A reactor is configured to receive the output from the high shear mixing device and to provide for starch production. | 05-06-2010 |
20100178220 | METAL ALKOXIDES, APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING METAL ALKOXIDES, RELATED METHODS AND USES THEREOF - Compounds, synthesis of, and methods for synthesizing metal alkoxide derivatives; and metal alkoxide derivatives for use as flame retardants are described. Group 13 metal alkoxides having flame retardant properties may be prepared by reacting the group 13 metal trihydroxide with an alcohol. | 07-15-2010 |
20100196227 | Pyrolysis Reactor - A device for pyrolysing biomass comprises: a reactor space; a first feed for biomass material connecting to the upper zone thereof; a second feed for heated heat carrier material connecting to the upper side of the reactor space; a first discharge for pyrolysis gas connecting to the upper zone of the reactor space at a distance from the first feed; and a second discharge for solid material, for instance carbon and heat carrier material, connecting to the underside of the reactor space. A substantial separation between the discharge flows of pyrolysis gas and solid material takes place predominantly under the influence of gravitational force, without interposing of a cyclone. The reactor space is modeled such that the direct flow from the first feed and the second feed to the first discharge is blocked. A mechanical mixer is present in the reactor space for the purpose of mixing the flow of biomass material with the flow of preheated heat carrier material. | 08-05-2010 |
20100329948 | Stirring apparatus and method of use of said apparatus - The present invention provides an apparatus comprising a vessel having a conduit extending therefrom, and a stirrer, a section of which is adapted to be located within the conduit and a section of which is adapted to be located within the vessel, said stirrer being adapted such that, in use, material within the conduit is conveyed in a direction towards the vessel and/or in a direction away from the vessel. | 12-30-2010 |
20110027147 | SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE - A method for producing toluene diisocyanate is disclosed which comprises forming a dispersion comprising phosgene gas bubbles dispersed in toluene diamine liquid phase, wherein said gas bubbles have a mean diameter less than 1 micron; and subjecting the dispersion to phosgenation reaction conditions, whereby at least a portion of the toluene diamine is phosgenated to form toluene diisocyanate. A system for carrying out the phosgenation of toluene diamine is also disclosed. | 02-03-2011 |
20110085945 | MIXING UNIT, MIXING DEVICE, AGITATION IMPELLER, PUMP MIXER, MIXING SYSTEM AND REACTION DEVICE - A mixing unit, a mixing device, an agitation impeller and a pump mixer can mix a large amount of fluid while having significant mixing effects in a small space. There are also provided a mixing system that uses the pump mixer and achieves a continuous operation and a reaction device that uses the mixing unit and achieves an efficient operation. The mixing unit ( | 04-14-2011 |
20110189059 | MIXER FOR MIXING A DENTAL COMPOSITION - A mixer for mixing a dental composition comprises a mixer housing with a wall of the mixer housing forming a light filter. The light filter provides for substantially blocking light of certain wavelengths, whereas it transmits light of at least some other wavelengths. The invention may help to prevent dental compositions from degrading. | 08-04-2011 |
20110206574 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MECHANICAL LIQUID-FUEL RECLAMATION AND REFORMATION - Various embodiments of the present invention employ a mechanical rotor-based device that subjects a liquid fuel to fluid-shear forces and cavitation in order to reclaim the fuel by removing impurities and by additional fuel-reformation processing. In certain embodiments of the present invention, rotor-based device can be mounted within a vehicle or other mobile device to provide or facilitate on-board fuel reclamation and reformation. Other embodiments include larger-scale, stationary rotor-based devices for fuel reclamation and reformation in plants, depots, manufacturing and transportation facilities, and in other energy-consuming facilities. | 08-25-2011 |
20120070348 | APPARATUS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MASS TRANSFER OF GASES INTO LIQUIDS - An apparatus for mass transfer of a gas into a liquid, including a tank that defines a chamber for receiving the gas, and at least one surface provided within the chamber. Each surface has an inner region, an outer region and an edge adjacent the outer region. Each surface is configured to receive the liquid at the inner region and rotate such that the liquid flows on the surface from the inner region to the outer region, and, upon reaching the edge of the surface, separates to form liquid particles that move outwardly through the gas in the chamber. The liquid particles are sized so that the gas is absorbed by the liquid particles to produce a mixed liquid saturated with the gas during a brief flight time of the liquid particles through the chamber. | 03-22-2012 |
20120321531 | Reactor Comprising a Rotor - The present invention relates to a reactor ( | 12-20-2012 |
20130142706 | GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS AND GAS TO LIQUID PROCESSES - Herein disclosed is a system for producing an organic, the system including at least one high shear mixing device having at least one rotor and at least one stator separated by a shear gap, wherein the shear gap is the minimum distance between the at least one rotor and the at least one stator; a pump configured for delivering a fluid stream comprising liquid medium and light gas to the at least one high shear mixing device, wherein the at least one high shear mixing device is configured to form a dispersion of the light gas in the liquid medium; and a reactor comprising at least one inlet and at least one outlet, wherein the at least one inlet of the reactor is fluidly connected to the at least one high shear mixing device, and wherein the at least one outlet is configured for extracting the organic therefrom. | 06-06-2013 |
20130330244 | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TOPICAL NITRIC OXIDE GENERATION - A simple, biocompatible two-component system and procedure for generating nitric oxide (NO) is described. One component comprises sodium nitrite or other nitrite source, and the other component comprises a reductant, an acid and a base although in certain embodiments the reductant and acid functions are provided by the same component. When these two components are mixed directly at a local site of administration or immediately prior to application and the mixture generates nitric oxide (NO) for topical application. The activated system is therapeutic for treatment of multiple conditions, including promotion of healing, disinfection, promotion of hair growth, and treatment of male and female sexual dysfunction. | 12-12-2013 |
20150110686 | Cool hydrogen-propelled cyclone quench box - A cool hydrogen-propelled cyclone quench box comprises: a mixing chamber ( | 04-23-2015 |
20160250615 | APPARATUS FOR MIXING BASED ON OSCILLATORY FLOW REACTORS PROVIDED WITH SMOOTH PERIODIC CONSTRICTIONS | 09-01-2016 |
422226000 | In positive pressure reactor | 2 |
20120058024 | SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF BENZOIC ACIDS AND PHTHALIC ACIDS - Systems disclosed herein may include at least one high shear mixing device configured to produce a dispersion of oxygen-containing gas bubbles in toluene liquid phase, wherein the dispersion has a mean bubble diameter of less than 5 microns; a pump configured to deliver a liquid stream comprising the toluene to the high shear mixing device; and a vessel configured to receive the dispersion from the high shear mixing device and configured to maintain a predetermined pressure and temperature. | 03-08-2012 |
20120100045 | APPARATUS FOR RAPID MIXING OF MEDIA AND METHOD - The present invention relates to an apparatus, which can be part of a pre-treatment system in a plant for the production of fuels, e. g. bio-ethanol, derived from plant biomass, e. g. first generation crops, such as grain, sugarcane and corn or second generation crops such as lignocellulosic biomass. The invention relates to an apparatus for processing, such as fluffing and mixing, at least two media, such as a solid, e. g. biomass, and a fluid, e. g. steam, so as to rendering the first medium susceptible to efficient receiving of energy and/or mass which is provided by localized release of the second medium. Although the description of the present invention focuses on biomass, it is envisaged that the invention is generally applicable to control the mixing of at least two media by crossing their stream of while dispersing at least one of them. | 04-26-2012 |
422229000 | Longitudinally extending spiral stirring means | 2 |
20100008836 | APPARATUS FOR CRACKING THE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF LONG CHAIN ORGANIC SUBSTANCES - An apparatus for cracking organic substances, for making a mixture of solid and/or liquid and/or gaseous components. The device comprises a cracking chamber ( | 01-14-2010 |
20110033347 | OXIDATION REACTOR FOR MANUFACTURING OF CRUDE TEREPHTHALIC ACID - Disclosed is an oxidation reactor for manufacturing terephthalic acid (CTA). In particular, in connection with manufacturing CTA by oxidizing para-xylene in the presence of air containing oxygen and acetic acid solvent, the present invention relates to location relationship among a gas reactant feeding location to feed air containing oxygen, a liquid reactant feeding location to feed para-xylene and a location of an impeller, and also relates to a new oxidation reactor, a structure of which is changed. | 02-10-2011 |
422230000 | Thermosyphon or differential density mixing means; e.g., means internally recycling reaction mass via differential density pumping, etc. | 5 |
422231000 | Gas sparger type mixing means submerged in liquid reactant | 5 |
20090136398 | Optimized Liquid-Phase Oxidation - Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process. | 05-28-2009 |
20090214405 | Bubble Column Reactor and Operation Method Thereof - The present invention relates to a bubble column reactor comprising a column reactor having a sparger plate dividing the column reactor into a top reaction compartment and a bottom compartment, characterized in that an inlet and outlet line for introducing and disposing a flushing medium are connected to the bottom compartment; and an operation method thereof. | 08-27-2009 |
20090257930 | Optimized Liquid-Phase Oxidation - Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process. | 10-15-2009 |
20100143217 | Optimized Liquid-Phase Oxidation - Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process. | 06-10-2010 |
20110256037 | OPTIMIZED LIQUID-PHASE OXIDATION - Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process. | 10-20-2011 |