Class / Patent application number | Description | Number of patent applications / Date published |
378087000 | Imaging | 85 |
20080253522 | Tool associated with compton scattered X-ray visualization, imaging, or information provider - One aspect relates to providing an at least one Compton scattered X-ray visualizing, imaging, or information providing operation relative to at least one visualizing, imaging, or information providing region within an at least some matter of an at least a portion of an individual; and providing a tool-based operation to at least the portion of the at least one visualizing, imaging, or information providing region within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual based at least partially on the providing the at least one Compton scattered X-ray visualizing, imaging, or information providing operation relative to the at least the portion of the at least one visualizing, imaging, or information providing region. | 10-16-2008 |
20080253523 | Compton scattered X-ray depth visualization, imaging, or information provider - One aspect relates to at least a portion of at least one Compton scattered X-ray visualizer, imager, or information provider configured to receive an at least one Compton scattered X-ray that has scattered through a substantial scattering depth range to one or more substantial prescribed scattering depths within an at least one matter of an at least a portion of an individual based at least in part on a set of scattering characteristics, the set of scattering characteristics at least partially corresponding to the at least one matter of the least the portion of the individual; the at least the portion of the at least one Compton scattered X-ray visualizer, imager, or information provider being configured for providing an at least one Compton scattered X-ray visualization, imaging, or information providing through one or more visualization, imaging, or information providing depth ranges to one or more visualization, imaging, or information providing prescribed depths into the at least one matter of the least the portion of the individual. | 10-16-2008 |
20080253524 | Method and system for Compton scattered X-ray depth visualization, imaging, or information provider - One aspect relates to at least a portion of at least one Compton scattered X-ray visualizer, imager, or information provider configured to receive an at least one Compton scattered X-ray that has scattered through a substantial scattering depth range to one or more substantial prescribed scattering depths within an at least one matter of an at least a portion of an individual based at least in part on a set of scattering characteristics, the set of scattering characteristics at least partially corresponding to the at least one matter of the least the portion of the individual; the at least the portion of the at least one Compton scattered X-ray visualizer, imager, or information provider being configured for providing an at least one Compton scattered X-ray visualization, imaging, or information providing through one or more visualization, imaging, or information providing depth ranges to one or more visualization, imaging, or information providing prescribed depths into the at least one matter of the least the portion of the individual. | 10-16-2008 |
20080253525 | Compton scattered x-ray visualizing, imaging, or information providing of at least some dissimilar matter - One aspect relates to Compton Scattered X-ray visualizing, imaging, or providing information at least partially through an at least some matter of an at least a portion of an individual through an at least one prescribed visualizing, imaging, or information providing depth based at least partially on a density differentiation between the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual and at least some dissimilar matter of the at least the portion of the individual, wherein the Compton Scattered X-ray visualizing, imaging, or providing information is at least partially dependent on an at least one applied characteristic of an at least one applied X-ray being applied to the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual and the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual, and thereupon the at least one applied X-ray undergoes Compton Scattering within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual in a manner that density differentiates the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual with respect to the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual. | 10-16-2008 |
20080253526 | Geometric compton scattered x-ray visualizing, imaging, or information providing - Certain aspects relate to determining a location that an at least one Compton Scattered X-ray event occurs within an at least some matter of at least a portion of an individual based at least in part on determining a relative angle at which an at least one applied X-ray is being applied to the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual, determining a relative position from which an at least one applied X-ray is being applied to the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual. Certain aspects can include determining a detected location at which at least one induced Compton scattered X-ray photon is detected following scattering at the at least one Compton Scattered X-ray event, and determining a received angle at which the at least one induced Compton scattered X-ray photon is received following scattering at the at least one Compton Scattered X-ray event. | 10-16-2008 |
20080253527 | Limiting compton scattered x-ray visualizing, imaging, or information providing at particular regions - One aspect relates to Compton X-ray scattering visualizing, imaging, or information providing within an at least some matter of an at least a portion of an individual to an at least one prescribed desired application regions within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual based at least partially on an inducing of at least one induced Compton X-ray scattering photon within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual responsive to an at least some applied X-rays being applied to the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual, wherein the Compton X-ray scattering visualizing, imaging, or information providing is limited to an at least one prescribed desired radiation protected region within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual based at least partially on a limiting of an inducing of at least one induced Compton X-ray scattering photon within the at least one prescribed desired radiation protected region. | 10-16-2008 |
20080253528 | Low invasive technique using compton scattered x-ray visualizing, imaging, or information providing to differentiate at least some dissimilar matter - One aspect relates to ablating an at least some matter of an at least a portion of an individual within an at least one prescribed desired ablating region at least partially responsive to at least some Compton X-ray scattering visualizing, imaging, or information providing within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual that is performed at least partially through a substantial depth through the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual. Certain aspects can include locating an at least one prescribed desired ablating region within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual at least partially responsive to the Compton X-ray scattering visualizing, imaging, or information providing within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual. | 10-16-2008 |
20080253529 | Ablating based at least partially on compton scattered x-ray visualizing, imaging, or information providing - Certain aspects relate to determining a desired ablating region within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual at least partially in response to a Compton X-ray scattering visualizing, imaging, or information providing within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual. Certain aspects can include ablating at least a portion of a desired ablating region within at least a portion of an at least some matter of an at least a portion of an individual based at least partially on a determining the desired ablating region within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual responsive to the Compton X-ray scattering visualizing, imaging, or information providing within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual. | 10-16-2008 |
20080253530 | Limiting ablation based at least partially on Compton scattered X-ray visualizing, imaging, or information providing - Certain aspects relate to locating an at least some matter of at least a portion of an individual within an at least one prescribed desired ablating region at least partially responsive to a Compton X-ray scattering visualizing, imaging, or information providing within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual. Certain aspects relate to ablating the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual within the at least one prescribed desired ablating region at least partially responsive to a locating the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual within the at least one prescribed desired ablating region, in a manner that limits effects of the ablating to the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual at regions outside of the at least one prescribed desired ablating region based at least partially on the locating the at least one prescribed desired ablating region at least partially responsive to the locating the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual within the at least one prescribed desired ablating region. | 10-16-2008 |
20080253531 | Cauterizing based at least partially on Compton scattered x-ray visualizing, imaging, or information providing - Certain aspects relate to locating an at least one prescribed desired cauterizing region within an at least some matter of an at least a portion of an individual at least partially responsive to a Compton X-ray scattering visualizing, imaging, or information providing of the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual. Certain aspects relate to cauterizing the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual within the at least one prescribed desired ablating region at least partially responsive to the locating the at least one prescribed desired cauterizing region within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual, at least partially response to the locating the at least one prescribed desired cauterizing region within the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual. | 10-16-2008 |
20080267353 | Energy Discriminating Scatter Imaging System - A specimen inspection system includes a photon source for outputting photons along a transmission path and a conveyor for translating a specimen completely through the transmission path. A radiation detector is positioned offset with respect to the transmission path for detecting photons that are scattered from the transmission path in response to interaction with the specimen passing therethrough. A controller determines from the detected scattered photons that a first material is present in the specimen. | 10-30-2008 |
20080285715 | Method and apparatus for shadow aperture backscatter radiography (SABR) system and protocol - A shadow aperture backscatter radiography (SABR) system includes at least one penetrating radiation source for providing a penetrating radiation field, and at least one partially transmissive radiation detector, wherein the partially transmissive radiation detector is interposed between an object region to be interrogated and the radiation source. The partially transmissive radiation detector transmits a portion of the illumination radiation field. A shadow aperture having a plurality of radiation attenuating regions having apertures therebetween is disposed between the radiation source and the detector. The apertures provide illumination regions for the illumination radiation field to reach the object region, wherein backscattered radiation from the object is detected and generates an image by the detector in regions of the detector that are shadowed by the radiation attenuation regions. | 11-20-2008 |
20080310591 | Backscatter Inspection Portal - A system and method for inspecting an object with multiple sources of substantially coplanar penetrating radiation. Irradiation of the inspected object by the sources is temporally sequenced such that the source of detected scattered radiation is unambiguous. Thus, multiple views of the inspected object may be obtained and image quality may be enhanced. | 12-18-2008 |
20090080613 | Arrangement for the taking of X-ray scatter images and/or gamma ray scatter images - The present invention relates to an arrangement for the taking of X-ray powder diffraction images and/or gamma ray powder diffraction images, comprising a plurality of X-ray sensitive and/or gamma ray sensitive individual detectors ( | 03-26-2009 |
20090110147 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ROTATING AN ANODE IN AN X-RAY SYSTEM - A method and apparatus for an x-ray apparatus. The x-ray apparatus comprises a vacuum tube. A cathode is located in the vacuum tube and capable of emitting electrons. A rotatable magnetic anode located in the vacuum tube, capable of being rotated by a motor located outside of the vacuum tube, and capable of generating an x-ray beam in response to receiving the electrons emitted by the cathode. | 04-30-2009 |
20090116617 | Multiple Image Collection and Synthesis for Personnel Screening - An apparatus and method for inspecting personnel or their effects. A first and second carriage each carries a source for producing a beam of penetrating radiation incident on a subject. A positioner provides for synchronized relative motion of each carriage vis-à-vis the subject in a direction having a vertical component. A detector receives radiation produced by at least one of the sources after the radiation interacts with the subject. | 05-07-2009 |
20090122958 | HYBRID COMPTON CAMERA/CODED APERTURE IMAGING SYSTEM - A system in one embodiment includes an array of radiation detectors; and an array of imagers positioned behind the array of detectors relative to an expected trajectory of incoming radiation. A method in another embodiment includes detecting incoming radiation with an array of radiation detectors; detecting the incoming radiation with an array of imagers positioned behind the array of detectors relative to a trajectory of the incoming radiation; and performing at least one of Compton imaging using at least the imagers and coded aperture imaging using at least the imagers. A method in yet another embodiment includes detecting incoming radiation with an array of imagers positioned behind an array of detectors relative to a trajectory of the incoming radiation; and performing Compton imaging using at least the imagers. | 05-14-2009 |
20090168964 | SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR X-RAY BACKSCATTER REVERSE ENGINEERING OF STRUCTURES - A system and methods for x-ray backscatter reverse engineering of structures. One embodiment includes a plurality of articulated arms attached to a movable base. Another embodiment includes a single counterweighted arm attached to a movable base. The arms include x-ray detectors. At least one x-ray source, which may be mounted on the arm(s), emits x-rays, which are backscattered off the surfaces and objects of interest and captured by the detectors to generate images of hidden objects. The present system provides improved speed and resolution over prior art systems. The system has a field-of-view and effective scanning range versatile enough to work in various orientations and in environments of various sizes. In certain embodiments the system is compact and lightweight so that it can be easily transported and used within confined spaces or in environments where weight is a consideration, such as inside or underneath aircraft. The system is also pointable and adaptable. | 07-02-2009 |
20090196397 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY OF NUCLEAR ISOTOPES USING NUCLEAR RESONANCE FLUORESCENCE - The transmission of photons through a target produces “holes” in the transmitted energy spectrum that are characteristic of the NRF energies of the nuclear isotopes in the target. Measuring the absorption via the transmission of these photons through a target allows the production of tomographic images that are associated with specific nuclear isotopes. Thus three-dimensional density patterns are generated for the elements in a container. The process is very much like standard X-ray tomography but it identifies specific nuclear isotopes as well as their densities. | 08-06-2009 |
20090268871 | X-Ray Inspection with Contemporaneous and Proximal Transmission and Backscatter Imaging - An X-ray imaging inspection system for bags and packages. Transmission imaging is performed using a fan beam and a segmented detector, while scatter imaging is performed with a scanned pencil beam, with both beams active simultaneously. Cross-talk between the beams is mitigated by a combination of shielding, scatter detector design, positioning and orientation, and image processing. Image processing subtracts the measured radiation scattered from the transmission beam into the scatter detectors, reducing cross-talk | 10-29-2009 |
20090290682 | METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND COMPUTER-PROGRAM PRODUCTS FOR ESTIMATING SCATTERED RADIATION IN RADIOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS - Several related inventions for estimating scattered radiation in radiographic projections are disclosed. Several of the inventions use scatter kernels of various forms, including symmetric and asymmetric forms. The inventions may be used alone or in various combinations with one another. The resulting estimates of scattered radiation may be used to correct the projections, which can improve the results of tomographic reconstructions. Still other inventions of the present application generate estimates of scattered radiation from shaded or partially shaded regions of a radiographic projection, which may be used to correct the projections or used to adjust the estimates of scattered radiation generated according to inventions of the present application that employ kernels. | 11-26-2009 |
20090296887 | Aspects of compton scattered X-RAY visualization, imaging, or information providing - One aspect relates to visualizing, imaging, or providing information at least partially through at least some matter of an at least a portion of an individual, based at least in part on Compton scattering to at least partially form scattered X-rays, the Compton scattering occurring primarily in the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual, wherein the visualizing, imaging, or providing information is at least partially performed by converting the scattered X-rays into an at least one scintillated viewable and/or visible light that is detectable by a user. Another aspect relates to Compton scattered X-ray based visualizing, imaging, or providing information of an at least some matter of an at least a portion of an at least one individual to allow the at least one individual and/or an untrained assistant to at least partially visualize, image, or provide information into the at least some matter of the at least the portion of the individual based at least partially on Compton scattered X-rays. | 12-03-2009 |
20100034353 | Scanning X-ray inspection system using scintillation detection with simultaneous counting and integrating modes - X-ray radiation is transmitted through and scattered from an object under inspection to detect weapons, narcotics, explosives or other contraband. Relatively fast scintillators are employed for faster X-ray detection efficiency and significantly improved image resolution. Scatter and transmission images of the object are displayed, at least one being colorized in accordance with the effective atomic number of constituents of the object. Soft switching between photon-counting and photon integration modes reduces noise and significantly increases overall image quality. | 02-11-2010 |
20100061514 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DEVELOPING A SECONDARY COLLIMATOR - A method for developing a secondary collimator is described. The method includes orienting a plurality of collimator elements in a plane such that a gap is defined between a first collimator element and a second collimator element. The first collimator element has a first curved end, and the first curved end faces the second collimator element across the gap. | 03-11-2010 |
20100104069 | Multiple Image Collection and Synthesis for Personnel Screening - An apparatus and method for inspecting personnel or their effects. A first and second carriage each carries a source for producing a beam of penetrating radiation incident on a subject. A positioner provides for synchronized relative motion of each carriage vis-á-vis the subject in a direction having a vertical component. A detector receives radiation produced by at least one of the sources after the radiation interacts with the subject. | 04-29-2010 |
20100111255 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR X-RAY DIFFRACTION IMAGING - An X-ray diffraction imaging system is provided. The X-ray diffraction imaging system includes an X-ray source configured to emit an X-ray pencil beam and a scatter detector configured to receive scattered radiation having a scatter angle from the X-ray pencil beam. The scatter detector is located substantially in a plane and includes a plurality of detector strips. A first detector strip has a first width equal to a linear extent of the X-ray pencil beam measured at the plane in a direction parallel to the first width. | 05-06-2010 |
20100111256 | RADIATION IMAGING APPARATUS AND PROCESSING METHOD THEREFOR - A radiation imaging apparatus acquires information on a scattered radiation distribution at each rotation angle preliminarily determined for a rotation unit, based on images respectively obtained from a first radiation detection sensor having no grid, and a second radiation detection sensor having a grid. Then, the radiation imaging apparatus corrects the image obtained from the second radiation detection sensor based on the information on the scattered radiation distribution so as to reduce influence of scattered radiation thereon. Next, the radiation imaging apparatus performs reconstruction processing based on the image corrected by the correction unit. | 05-06-2010 |
20100119041 | RADIOLOGICAL IMAGE CAPTURING APPARATUS AND RADIOLOGICAL IMAGE CAPTURING SYSTEM - There is described a radiological image capturing apparatus, which makes it possible to obtain a good X ray image in which contrast of the peripheral portions are emphasized by employing the Talbot interferometer method and the Talbot-Lau interferometer method. The apparatus is provided with an X-ray tube, a multi-slit member, a first diffraction grating, a second diffraction grating and an X-ray detector. The second diffraction grating contacts the X-ray detector. A distance L between the multi-slit element and the first diffraction grating is set to be not less than 0.5 m, a distance Z | 05-13-2010 |
20100135462 | PRIMARY COLLIMATOR AND SYSTEMS FOR X-RAY DIFFRACTION IMAGING, AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING A PRIMARY COLLIMATOR - A primary collimator for a multiple inverse fan beam x-ray diffraction imaging (MIFB XDI) system. The MIFB XDI system includes a multi-focus x-ray source (MFXS) defining a plurality of focus points arranged along a length of the MFXS. Each focus point is sequentially activated to emit an x-ray fan beam including a plurality of primary beams each directed to a corresponding convergence point. The primary collimator includes a first diaphragm configured to be positioned with respect to the MFXS. The first diaphragm defines a plurality of first channels through a thickness of the first diaphragm. Each first channel is aligned with a corresponding focus point and configured to transmit the x-ray fan beam. A second diaphragm is positioned with respect to the first diaphragm and defines a plurality of second channels through a thickness of the second diaphragm. Each second channel is axially aligned with a corresponding first channel. | 06-03-2010 |
20100208870 | SCATTERED RADIATION CORRECTION METHOD AND SCATTERED RADIATION CORRECTION APPARATUS - Scattered radiation is estimated by using a reduced image generated from a projection image, and the scattered radiation image of the projection image is acquired by enlargement processing. The scattered radiation correction of the projection image is executed by subtracting the obtained scattered radiation image from the projection image. In addition, when a primary X-ray image and a scattered radiation image in each projection direction are to be obtained by sequential approximation calculation, a primary X-ray image which has already been identified in an adjacent projection direction is used as a first estimated value (initially set value) in next sequential calculation. | 08-19-2010 |
20110019799 | SPATIAL SEQUENCED BACKSCATTER PORTAL - Systems and methods for scanning an object in an inspection space are disclosed. The systems and methods generally incorporate spatially separated and sequenced Compton x-ray backscatter imaging techniques in a plurality of perspective planes. Such processes as time-gating detectors, weighting scintillation detections, and preferentially accepting signals that originate from a point that is substantially orthogonal to a radiation detector and at least partially shielding out signals that do not originate from a point substantially orthogonal to the detector may be used to enhance the data acquisition process. | 01-27-2011 |
20110164732 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY OF NUCLEAR ISOTOPES USING NUCLEAR RESONANCE FLUORESCENCE - The transmission of photons through a target produces “holes” in the transmitted energy spectrum that are characteristic of the NRF energies of the nuclear isotopes in the target. Measuring the absorption via the transmission of these photons through a target allows the production of tomographic images that are associated with specific nuclear isotopes. Thus three-dimensional density patterns are generated for the elements in a container. The process is very much like standard X-ray tomography but it identifies specific nuclear isotopes as well as their densities. | 07-07-2011 |
20110200172 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMPUTED IMAGING BACKSCATTER RADIOGRAPHY - Systems and methods of x-ray backscatter radiography are provided. A single-sided, non-destructive imaging technique utilizing x-ray radiation to image subsurface features is disclosed, capable of scanning a region using a fan beam aperture and gathering data using rotational motion. | 08-18-2011 |
20110206186 | X-RAY ANALYZER AND MAPPING METHOD FOR AN X-RAY ANALYSIS - Provided are an X-ray analyzer and a mapping method for an X-ray analysis which, in a inspection for a harmful substance contained in, for example, a material or a composite electronic component, enable determination as to whether a sample is normal or abnormal to be performed visually based on an image obtained by the X-ray mapping analysis. In the X-ray analyzer, an X-ray mapping image of a sample which is confirmed to be normal in advance is obtained as a reference mapping image. A mapping analysis is performed on a inspection sample. A difference from the reference mapping image is obtained for each pixel, to thereby display a difference mapping image. A region in which the amount of specific element is larger than a reference amount is displayed with high brightness, and hence an abnormal portion may be easily found. | 08-25-2011 |
20110243305 | RADIOGRAPHIC SYSTEM, RADIOGRAPHIC METHOD AND COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM - A radiographic system which detects a radiation image transmitted through a subject with a radiation image detector and generates a phase contrast image of the subject, includes: a calculation section that calculates a distribution of refraction angles of radiation incident on the radiation image detector and generates the phase contrast image on the basis of the distribution of refraction angles; and a storage section that stores a correction coefficient of each pixel for making sensitivities of pixels equal. The calculation section performs sensitivity correction on a refraction angle of radiation incident on each pixel of the radiation image detector, which is calculated by imaging the subject, using the correction coefficient of the pixel stored in the storage section and generates the phase contrast image of the subject on the basis of the distribution of corrected refraction angles. | 10-06-2011 |
20110274249 | Personnel Screening System - The present specification discloses an inspection system for detecting objects being carried by a person who is moving along a pathway. The inspection system has two detection systems configured to detect radiation scattered from the person as the person moves along the pathway and an X-ray source positioned between the detection systems. The X-ray source is configured to generate a vertical beam spot pattern and does not generate beams that move horizontally. | 11-10-2011 |
20110274250 | Personnel Screening System - Further, the present specification is directed towards personnel screening systems comprising modular components, including detector and source units, where a dual axis scanning beam is employed. In one configuration, the subject under inspection remains stationary and is positioned between two scanning modules. The X-ray source assembly is designed to minimize the overall system footprint while still yielding the requisite field of view, low radiation exposure level, and required resolution. The modular components allow for a compact, light and yet sufficiently rugged overall structure that can be disassembled for ease of transportation and is also simple to reassemble at a required site for inspection. | 11-10-2011 |
20110299659 | Personnel Screening System - The present specification discloses an inspection system for detecting objects being carried by a person. The inspection system is highly modular and capable of being assembled by a two person team using conventional tooling equipment. In one embodiment, the inspection system has three primary modules—two detection modules and one radiation source module—that can be readily attached and detached from each other or to a frame and connected to a signal processing system to provide for a quick set up and tear down process. | 12-08-2011 |
20120008747 | DIFFERENTIAL PHASE-CONTRAST IMAGING WITH CIRCULAR GRATINGS - The invention relates to an X-ray differential phase-contrast imaging system which has three circular gratings. The circular gratings are aligned with the optical axis of the radiation beam and a phase stepping is performed along the optical axis with the focal spot, the phase grating and/or the absorber grating. The signal measured is the phase-gradient in radial direction away from the optical axis. | 01-12-2012 |
20120020461 | ACHROMATIC PHASE-CONTRAST IMAGING - An achromatic phase-contrast imaging apparatus for examining an object of interest is provided which comprises two different phase gratings which have different pitches. Thus, the imaging apparatus yields phase-contrast information for two different energies. Thus, phase-information over a wider energy band can be used. | 01-26-2012 |
20120027176 | Method for X-Ray Imaging Using Scattered Radiation - An object ( | 02-02-2012 |
20120033791 | Backscatter X-Ray Inspection Van with Top-Down Imaging - A system and method for inspecting a vehicle or other object by means of two sources and one or more detectors of penetrating radiation. The sources and detector(s) are carried on a mobile conveyance and deployed at a point of operation. One source irradiates an inspected object from within an enclosure, while a second source swings away from the conveyance on a deployable member, such as a boom, such that the second source can irradiate the vehicle from above. A backscatter image of the inspected object is based at least in part on radiation from the second source scattered by the inspected object. | 02-09-2012 |
20120069963 | DUAL ENERGY BACKSCATTER X-RAY SHOE SCANNING DEVICE - Dual-energy backscatter x-ray shoe scanning including: pre-processing input image information received from a shoe scanning device and image calibration data received from a database to output an atomic number image; detecting at least one suspect region based off the atomic number image; identifying the at least one detected suspect region as an object class using a changeable list of attributes; and classifying the object class according to a changeable list of categories. | 03-22-2012 |
20120099706 | GRID FOR RADIOGRAPHY AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, AND RADIATION IMAGING SYSTEM - In an X-ray imaging system, first and second grids are disposed between an X-ray source and an X-ray image detector, and produce fringe images. From the fringe images, phase change information of X-rays is obtained. The phase change information provides contrast for an X-ray image. The first and second grids have similar configuration. Each grid is constituted of a grid layer and a support member. The grid layer includes X-ray absorbing portions and X-ray transparent portions arranged alternately in one direction. Each X-ray transparent portion contains hollow space having air trapped therein, for the purpose of reducing an X-ray absorption loss. | 04-26-2012 |
20120114102 | X-RAY BACKSCATTER IMAGING OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS - The energy of an X-ray beam and critical depth are selected to detect structural discontinuities in a material having an atomic number Z of 57 or greater. The critical depth is selected by adjusting the geometry of a collimator that blocks backscattered radiation so that backscattered X-ray originating from a depth less than the critical depth is not detected. Structures of Lanthanides and Actinides, including nuclear fuel rod materials, can be inspected for structural discontinuities such as gaps, cracks, and chipping employing the backscattered X-ray. | 05-10-2012 |
20120134473 | Time of Flight Backscatter Imaging System - The present application discloses an X-ray imaging apparatus for determining a surface profile of an object under inspection that is positioned at a distance from the apparatus. The X-ray imaging system has an X-ray source for producing a scanning beam of X-rays directed toward the object, a detector assembly for providing a signal representative of an intensity of X-rays backscattered from the object, and processing circuitry to determine a time difference between when the X-ray source is switched on and when the backscattered X-rays arrive at the detector assembly. The processing circuitry is adapted to output data representative of the surface profile of the object under inspection. | 05-31-2012 |
20120148026 | X-Ray Inspection Tool - The different advantageous embodiments provide an apparatus and a method for inspecting a surface of a work piece. In one advantageous embodiment, an apparatus comprising a number of tracks, a support structure, connection system, and controller is disclosed. The number of tracks are configured for placement along a path. The support structure is configured to move on the number of tracks. The X-ray system is moveably connected to the support structure. The X-ray system is configured to send a plurality of X-rays toward a work piece and is configured to move along an axis through the support structure. The connection system is configured to removably connect the number of tracks to the work piece using a vacuum applied to a surface of the work piece. The controller is configured to activate and deactivate the X-ray system based on an amount of vacuum applied to the surface of the work piece. | 06-14-2012 |
20120170716 | SCANNING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR BACK-SCATTER IMAGING WITH A RADIATION BEAM - The present invention discloses a scanning device of back-scatter imaging with a radiation beam, comprising: a radiation source; a fixed shield plate and a rotatable shield body disposed between the radiation source and a object to be scanned respectively, wherein the fixed shield plate is stationary with respect to the radiation source and the rotatable shield body is rotatable with respect to the fixed shield plate. The fixed shield plate is provided with a ray passing-through region thereon, which allows for a radiation beam from the radiation source to pass through the fixed shield plate, a ray incidence region and a ray emergence region are arranged on the rotatable shield body respectively, during the rotatable scanning of the rotatable shield body, the ray passing-through region of the fixed shield plate continuously intersects with the ray incidence region and the ray emergence region of the rotatable shield body to generate collimated holes for scanning. The ray passing-through region of the fixed shield plate is a rectilinear slit, the rotatable shield body is a cylinder, and the ray incidence and emergence regions are configured to be a series of small discrete holes disposed along a spiral line respectively. In addition, the present invention discloses a scanning method for back-scatter imaging with a radiation beam. | 07-05-2012 |
20120177182 | OBJECT IMAGING SYSTEM AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION IMAGING DEVICE FOR A SECURITY SYSTEM - An x-ray diffraction imaging (XDI) device includes at least one x-ray source configured to emit an x-ray fan-beam. The XDI device also includes a primary collimator positioned downstream of the at least one x-ray source. The primary collimator defines a plurality of rows of slits. Each slit and each row of slits is separated by an x-ray absorbing material. Each of the rows of slits oriented to transmit at least one x-ray slit-beam in a plane substantially orthogonal to the primary collimator. | 07-12-2012 |
20120201356 | Backscatter Energy Analysis for Classification of Materials based on Positional Non-Commutativity - A system and methods for characterizing regions within, or on, an inspected object, wherein a lower-Z scattering material and a higher-Z material may both lie along a common line of sight. The inspected object is scanned with penetrating radiation characterized by an energy distribution, and penetrating radiation scattered by the inspected object is detected in a manner that generates two detector signals that distinguish between materials of higher and lower effective atomic number under distinct sets of conditions with respect to the energy distribution of the penetrating radiation. An image is generated, based on a function of the two detector signals, as is a differential image, so as to allow distinction of higher-Z and lower-Z materials. | 08-09-2012 |
20120263276 | Backscatter System with Variable Size of Detector Array - A variable-geometry backscatter inspection system has a radiation detector array including one or more backscatter radiation detectors. The position of a second backscatter radiation detector is variable with respect to the position of a first backscatter radiation detector, so that the size of the detector array may be varied by moving the second radiation detector into or out of a predefined alignment with the first radiation detector. The system may include a movable base, and at least one of the detectors is movable with respect to the base. Methods of inspecting an object include forming a detector array by moving a second radiation detector into a predefined alignment with a first radiation detector, illuminating the object with a pencil beam of penetrating radiation, and detecting backscattered radiation with the detector array. | 10-18-2012 |
20120288063 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPROVING DIRECTED PEOPLE SCREENING - The present invention is a system and method for screening subjects at security locations while preserving the privacy of subjects and retaining the efficiency and thus, throughput, of the screening process. More specifically, the present invention is an improved X-ray detection system and method that allows for maximum threat detection performance with improved verbal and visual communication between the screening and imaging system operator and an image analyst, either proximally or remotely located, thus allowing for an accurate, directed physical search and minimal “pat-down” of subjects under inspection. | 11-15-2012 |
20130094627 | PORTABLE AND VERSATILE X-RAY OR GAMMA IMAGING DEVICE FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION OF SUSPICIOUS PACKAGES, INTEGRATING TRANSMISSION AND BACKSCATTERING IMAGING TECHNIQUES - Portable and versatile X-ray or gamma imaging device for non-destructive examination of suspicious packages, integrating transmission and backscattering imaging. | 04-18-2013 |
20130101090 | Methods to Perform Backscatter Inspection of Complex Targets in Confined Spaces - Embodiments of backscatter inspection systems include features to enable inspection of irregular surfaces, tight spacer, and other hard-to-reach places. Some embodiments include arms that maneuver a scan head with at least three degrees of freedom, and some embodiments include arms that maneuver a scan head with at least seven degrees of freedom. Some embodiments include proximity detectors on a scan head or base, detect contact with an object being inspected, and to slow or stop the motion of the system accordingly. Some compact embodiments scan the interior of an object from within, and include a rotating, low-energy source of penetrating radiation, and at least one backscatter detector, which may be stationary, or may rotate with the source. | 04-25-2013 |
20130101091 | Sealed Detector Array for the Collection of Both Wide Angle and Small Angle X-Ray Scattering - A detector system for capturing and resolving WAXS and SAXS beams is provided along with a device for determining structural information of a material incorporating said detector system and a method for examining the structure of a material using said detector system. The detector system generally comprises a sample capable of interacting with the incident x-ray beam, a primary detector and a secondary detector. Upon interaction with a sample of the material, the incident x-ray beam is scattered into wide angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) beams and small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) beams that are captured by the primary or secondary detectors. | 04-25-2013 |
20130202090 | INTERNAL IMAGING SYSTEM - A system for the inspection of the internal structure of a target includes at least one x-ray source that emits collimated x-rays to irradiate the target. At least one detector is positioned to detect backscatter x-rays from the target. The detector may include a collimation slot that limits the field of view of the detector. The target may be a railway component and the system may inspect the internal structure of the component as it is moved along the railway by a vehicle. The system may detect a change in the density of a target based on a comparison of the detected backscatter x-rays. The use of a plurality of segmented backscatter x-ray detectors having a collimation slot may pixelate the internal image in the direction of the collimation slot. | 08-08-2013 |
20130315376 | Reconfigurable Detector System - A method and apparatus for inspecting an object using a backscatter inspection system. In one illustrative embodiment, an apparatus comprises a radiation source, a collimator, and a detector system. The radiation source is configured to emit radiation. The collimator is configured to form a beam using a portion of the radiation emitted by the radiation source. The beam is directed towards a surface of an object. The detector system is configured to detect backscatter formed in response to the beam encountering the object. A shape of the detector system is configured to be changed into a selected shape. | 11-28-2013 |
20130329858 | DUAL MODE SMALL ANGLE SCATTERING CAMERA - A system for analyzing a sample is provided. The system includes a beam selection device for selecting between a one-dimensional operation mode for providing a one-dimensional x-ray beam to the sample and a two-dimensional operation mode for providing a two-dimensional x-ray beam to the sample. | 12-12-2013 |
20130336455 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR VISUALIZING EFFECTS OF CORROSION - A method and system for visualizing the effects of corrosion are provided. In the context of a method, a workpiece is interrogated with radiation, such as by interrogating the workpiece with x-ray radiation. By relying upon a radiographic technique, the workpiece may be hidden and may be interrogated without disassembly. The method generates a backscatter image of the workpiece based upon radiation backscattered from the workpiece. The method also compares one or more regions of the backscatter image of the workpiece with respect to backscatter images of different metal loss indicators. Each metal loss indicator is representative of a different amount of metal loss. As a result of the comparison, the method estimates the metal loss attributable to corrosion of the workpiece. | 12-19-2013 |
20140044238 | Multiple Image Collection and Synthesis for Personnel Screening - An apparatus and method for inspecting personnel or their effects. A first and second carriage each carries a source for producing a beam of penetrating radiation incident on a given subject. A positioner provides for relative motion of each beam vis-à-vis the subject in a motion, the vertical component of which is one-way. A detector receives radiation produced by at least one of the sources after the radiation interacts with the subject. | 02-13-2014 |
20140056410 | BACK-SCATTER HUMAN BODY SECURITY INSPECTION SYSTEM AND SCANNING METHOD THEREOF TO DETECT RADIOACTIVE MATTER - The present invention discloses a back-scatter human body security inspection system, capable of detecting a radioactive matter carried by the human body, comprising: a radiation source configured to generate radiation rays, a flying spot forming device, configured to modulate the radiation rays from the radiation source, so as to form flying spot scanning beams for scanning the human body to be detected, a detector configured to detect radiation rays from the human body to be detected and output a signal characterizing a dose of the radiation rays, a control and data processing device, configured to process the signal outputted from the detector to obtain a radiation image of the human body to be detected. The detector detects the radiation rays from the radiation source scattered by the human body to be detected, separately at different times, and the radiation rays from the radioactive matter carried by the human body to be detected. In the present invention, the application ranges of the back-scatter human body scanning apparatus can be effectively expanded, without adding and modifying the hardware therein, thereby increasing the monitoring function to the radioactive matter carried by the human body and further improving the effects of the human body security inspection. | 02-27-2014 |
20140064453 | INTEGRATED BACKSCATTER X-RAY SYSTEM - The different advantageous embodiments provide a method and apparatus. The apparatus comprises a moveable platform, a housing connected to the moveable platform, a power supply located inside of the housing, and an x-ray tube located inside of the housing. The power supply and the x-ray tube are immersed in a coolant. The x-ray tube is configured to generate an x-ray beam. | 03-06-2014 |
20140133629 | Time of Flight Backscatter Imaging System - The present application discloses an X-ray imaging apparatus for determining a surface profile of an object under inspection that is positioned at a distance from the apparatus. The X-ray imaging system has an X-ray source for producing a scanning beam of X-rays directed toward the object, a detector assembly for providing a signal representative of an intensity of X-rays backscattered from the object, and processing circuitry to determine a time difference between when the X-ray source is switched on and when the backscattered X-rays arrive at the detector assembly. The processing circuitry is adapted to output data representative of the surface profile of the object under inspection. | 05-15-2014 |
20140133630 | Personnel Screening System - The present specification discloses an inspection system for detecting objects being carried by a person. The inspection system is highly modular and capable of being assembled by a two person team using conventional tooling equipment. In one embodiment, the inspection system has three primary modules—two detection modules and one radiation source module—that can be readily attached and detached from each other or to a frame and connected to a signal processing system to provide for a quick set up and tear down process. | 05-15-2014 |
20140177802 | RAY EMISSION DEVICE AND IMAGING SYSTEM HAVING THE SAME - A ray emission device and an imaging system with the ray emission device are disclosed. The ray emission device comprises: a cylinder; a ray source disposed in the cylinder for emitting a ray; and a collimator disposed in the cylinder. The collimator enables the ray emitted by the ray source to form sectorial ray beams at a plurality of positions in an axial direction of the cylinder. The cylinder has a pencil beam forming part arranged over an axial length of the cylinder corresponding to the plurality of positions. The sectorial ray beams form pencil beams through the pencil beam forming part when the cylinder rotates around a rotation axis. | 06-26-2014 |
20140185772 | HUMAN BODY INSPECTION SYSTEM - The invention discloses a human body inspection system comprising: an X-rays source for emitting X-rays to a human body to be inspected; a modulation and collimation device for modulating and collimating the X-rays from the X-rays source; a detector that receives X-rays scattered from the human body to be inspected; a guiding rail forming an enclosed detection region, wherein the human body to be inspected is in the detection region, and the X-rays source, the modulation and collimation device and the detector are positioned in a same side relative to the human body, and the X-rays source, the modulation and collimation device and the detector together move along the guiding rail in whole so that the X-rays can scan all over the human body. | 07-03-2014 |
20140185773 | HUMAN BODY SECURITY INSPECTION SYSTEM - A human body security inspection system including a plurality of ray emitting-detecting modules, which are configured to emit X-rays to the object to be inspected and to receive X-rays scattered from the object to be inspected, wherein the ray emitting-detecting modules form an enclosed region with respect to the object to be inspected and security inspection is implemented on the object in the enclosed region. | 07-03-2014 |
20140241505 | Compton Coincident Volumetric Imaging - A volumetric imaging device for constructing a three dimensional image includes a source, and absorbing detector, and an image constructor. The source includes a photon source, and a scatter detector arranged between the object and the photon source. The photon source emits photons towards the scatter detector. The scatter detector scatters at least some of the photons and detects the scattered photons. The object scatters at least some of the photons that were first scattered by the scatter detector. The absorbing detector is arranged to detect scattered photons from the object. The image constructor constructs the three dimensional image based on the scattered photons. | 08-28-2014 |
20140247920 | APPARATUS FOR CODED APERTURE X-RAY SCATTER IMAGING AND METHOD THEREFOR - A system and method for producing images of the structure and composition of an object based on measurements of the low-angle x-ray diffraction properties of the object. The imaging system includes a coded aperture that encodes spatial and spectral features onto radiation scattered from image points within the object. The radiation is detected at a two-dimensional array of detectors, whose output is deconvolved and processed to estimate a three-dimensional image having molecular specificity. | 09-04-2014 |
20140254764 | X-Ray Backscatter Imaging of an Object Embedded in a Highly Scattering Medium - An apparatus and associated method for obtaining a three-dimensional representation of a target object within a fluid-carrying conduit, such as a hydrocarbon exploration or production well, using high energy photons is provided. The representation is essentially a three-dimensional image that achieves visualization of the shape of the target object despite the intervening opaque fluids located between the imaging tool and the object. In one specific though non-limiting embodiment, a narrow, pencil-shaped beam of radiation is scanned in coordination with a similarly narrow detector field-of-view in order to sample the radiation-scattering properties of only a small volume of material at any given time. The result is a clearer to visualization with a greater viewing depth. | 09-11-2014 |
20140301535 | Gamma Ray Imaging Systems And Methods - A system for imaging a gamma source includes a pixelated Compton scattering layer, for Compton scattering of gamma photons emitted by the gamma source, and a non-pixelated full-energy detector for detecting at least a portion of Compton scattered gamma photons geometrically encoded by a coded aperture positioned between the pixelated Compton scattering layer and the full-energy detector at a distance from the pixelated Compton scattering layer. A method for imaging a gamma source includes (a) detecting coincidence events, each including Compton scattering in a pixelated Compton scattering layer, and transmission to a non-pixelated full-energy detector of a Compton scattered gamma photon transmitted through a coded aperture located at a distance from the pixelated Compton scattering layer, and (b) determining an image of the gamma source from the detection of the coincidence events. | 10-09-2014 |
20150085983 | ANGLE-DEPENDENT X-RAY DIFFRACTION IMAGING SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME - An x-ray diffraction imaging (XDI) system having a system axis includes at least one x-ray source configured to generate x-rays directed toward an object that includes at least one substance. The at least one x-ray source is further configured to irradiate at least one voxel defined within the object with x-rays arriving from a plurality of directions, each direction defined by an angle of incidence with respect to the system axis. The system also includes at least one detector configured to detect scattered x-rays after the x-rays have passed through the object. The system further includes at least one processor coupled to the at least one detector. The processor is programmed to generate a plurality of XDI profiles of the object voxel. Each XDI profile is a function of an associated angle of incidence. | 03-26-2015 |
20150110249 | SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING X-RAY METROLOGY SYSTEMS AND METHODS - Disclosed are apparatus and methods for performing small angle x-ray scattering metrology. This system includes an x-ray source for generating x-rays and illumination optics for collecting and reflecting or refracting a portion of the generated x-rays towards a particular focus point on a semiconductor sample in the form of a plurality of incident beams at a plurality of different angles of incidence (AOIs). The system further includes a sensor for collecting output x-ray beams that are scattered from the sample in response to the incident beams on the sample at the different AOIs and a controller configured for controlling operation of the x-ray source and illumination optics and receiving the output x-rays beams and generating an image from such output x-rays. | 04-23-2015 |
20150110250 | Personnel Screening System - The present specification discloses an inspection system for detecting objects being carried by a person who is moving along a pathway. The inspection system has two detection systems configured to detect radiation scattered from the person as the person moves along the pathway and an X-ray source positioned between the detection systems. The X-ray source is configured to generate a vertical beam spot pattern and does not generate beams that move horizontally. | 04-23-2015 |
20150323477 | BACKSCATTER INSPECTION SYSTEMS, AND RELATED METHODS - Inspection systems employing radiation filters with different attenuation characteristics to determine specimen irregularities, and related methods are disclosed. An inspection system includes a radiation emitter configured to emit a radiation beam along a radiation trajectory. Some of the radiation may be reflected by the specimen as backscatter and received by at least one radiation detector of the inspection system along the radiation trajectory. Irregularities and various materials of the specimen may produce backscatter radiation at different energies and/or scatter angles which may be identified by employing radiation filters having different attenuation characteristics. By employing these filters in communication with the radiation emitter and the radiation detector, the backscatter radiation passed through the filters may be measured and integrated at different positions of the radiation beam to produce a composite image of the specimen. In this manner, irregularities and associated materials within the specimen may be more easily identified. | 11-12-2015 |
20150340113 | Systems and Methods For X-Ray Phase Contrast Imaging Using Arrays Of X-Ray Focusing Elements - Systems and methods for performing x-ray phase-contrast imaging using a conventional x-ray source and detector are provided. An array of x-ray focusing elements it provided and used to focus x-ray onto a pattern of multiple different focal spots. When an object is introduced into the beam path, the focal spots will be displaced based on the x-rays being refracted by the object. A refraction angle map is produced and used to generate a phase contrast image, such as an image that indicates the electron density distribution in the object. Multi-spectral imaging can be achieved by utilizing the chromatic aberration of the array of x-ray focusing elements and sweeping the detector through different focal planes associated with different x-ray energy levels or sweeping the peak voltage of the x-ray source for a fixed object-to-detector distance. | 11-26-2015 |
20160003965 | X-RAY BACKSCATTERING SAFETY INSPECTION SYSTEM HAVING DISTRIBUTED X-RAY SOURCE AND METHOD USING THE SAME - The present invention provides an X-ray backscattering safety inspection system, comprising: an X-ray source comprising a plurality of target spots each individually controllable to emit X-rays; collimators configured to be respectively passed through the X-ray emitted from the plurality of target spots and output N pencil-shaped X-ray beams, and the N pencil-shaped X-ray beams are irradiated onto N locations of an object to be inspected; and N detectors configured to respectively receive scattering signals from the corresponding locations of the object to be inspected, in which N is a positive integer that is great than or equal to 2. The system may achieve double scannings in one scanning operation, which not only increases scanning speed but also enhances backscattering signal for imaging. | 01-07-2016 |
20160003966 | MOBILE BACK SCATTERING IMAGING SECURITY INSPECTION APPARATUS AND METHOD - The present disclosure provides a mobile back scattering imaging security inspection apparatus, comprising: a back scattering scanner ( | 01-07-2016 |
20160003967 | X-RAY BACKSCATTERING SAFETY INSPECTION SYSTEM HAVING A DISTRIBUTED-TYPE X-RAY SOURCE AND METHOD USING THE SAME - The present disclosure provides an X-ray backscattering safety Inspection system, comprising: one or more backscattering inspection subsystem configured to inspect an object to be inspected by emitting X-ray beams towards the object to be inspected and inspecting scattering signals; and a control subsystem configured to adjust a distance between the backscattering inspection subsystem and locations on a side of the object to be inspected where are irradiated by the X-ray beams in real time according to a size of the object to be inspected such that the scattering signals inspected are optimized. The system may be adapted to objects to be inspected with different sizes or shapes while enhancing backscattering signals for imaging. | 01-07-2016 |
20160033426 | PORTABLE X-RAY BACKSCATTERING IMAGING SYSTEM INCLUDING A RADIOACTIVE SOURCE - A portable x-ray backscattering imaging system for creating a backscatter image representing an object is disclosed. The portable x-ray backscattering imaging system may include a drum, a radioactive source, a plurality of backscatter detectors, and a portable exterior shield. The drum may be rotatable about an axis of rotation at a rotational speed. The radioactive source may be connected to the drum and configured to generate x-rays. The plurality of backscatter detectors may be configured to detect backscattering radiation created as the x-rays generated by the radioactive source scatter back from the object. The portable exterior shield may enclose the drum. The exterior shield may be constructed of a material that substantially blocks the x-rays and defines a window that allows for the x-rays to pass through. | 02-04-2016 |
20160041298 | PERSONNEL SCREENING SYSTEM - Further, the present specification is directed towards personnel screening systems comprising modular components, including detector and source units, where a dual axis scanning beam is employed. In one configuration, the subject under inspection remains stationary and is positioned between two scanning modules. The X-ray source assembly is designed to minimize the overall system footprint while still yielding the requisite field of view, low radiation exposure level, and required resolution. The modular components allow for a compact, light and yet sufficiently rugged overall structure that can be disassembled for ease of transportation and is also simple to reassemble at a required site for inspection. | 02-11-2016 |
20160070021 | Depth Determination in X-ray Backscatter System Using Frequency Modulated X-Ray Beam - An X-ray backscatter imaging system uses frequency modulated X-rays to determine depth of features within a target. An X-ray source generates X-ray radiation modulated by a frequency-modulated bias current. The X-ray radiation impinges upon and is backscattered from multiple depths within the target. A scintillating material receives the backscattered X-rays and generates corresponding photons. A photodetector, having gain modulated by the frequency modulation signal from the local oscillator, receives the photons from the scintillating material and generates an analog output signal containing phase delay information indicative of the distance travelled by the X-rays backscattered from multiple depths within the target. The analog output signal is sampled by an analog-to-digital converter to create a digital output signal. A computer processor performs a discrete Fourier transform on the digital output signal to provide target depth information based on the phase delay information. | 03-10-2016 |
20160154139 | Covert Surveillance Using Multi-Modality Sensing | 06-02-2016 |
20160187269 | VOLUMETRIC-MOLECULAR-IMAGING SYSTEM AND METHOD THEREFOR - An imaging system operative for providing a volumetric molecular image of an object is disclosed. The imaging system interrogates the object with structured x-ray radiation while continuous relative motion between the object and source is induced during a measurement period. As the radiation passes through the object, the radiation scatters based on the molecular composition within the object, and the scattering changes as a function of time due to the relative motion between the source and object. Coherent scatter radiation is detected and processed to reconstruct an estimate of the three-dimensional molecular structure of the object using a reconstruction algorithm, such as maximum likelihood estimation. | 06-30-2016 |
20160252468 | Detecting Gaps Between Fasteners and Openings | 09-01-2016 |