| Class / Patent application number | Description | Number of patent applications / Date published |
|---|
| 052404100 | INSULATING INSERT; E.G., FILLER IN CAVITY IN PRECONSTRUCTED OR CAST STRUCTURE | 49 |
| 20090094920 | Fibrous insulation building products having reduced gaseous emissions - A fibrous glass insulation building product includes a fibrous glass body of fibrous materials having at least one binder material that emits gaseous materials, and a gas absorbent material. | 04-16-2009 |
| 20080271399 | Panel - An insulating panel | 11-06-2008 |
| 20100236177 | SOLAR/STUD BLOCK - A block is provided for use in a wall structure. The block comprises a first block side which is configured to form a section of one side of the wall structure, a second block side which is configured to form a section of an opposite side of the wall structure, a plurality of ribs which are configured to receive a rib insert or a block corner insulation, and a stud component which is configured to accept a finishing material, wherein the stud component includes a recess portion. | 09-23-2010 |
| 20100139197 | THERMAL INSULATION QUILT - A multi-layer, thermal insulation quilt ( | 06-10-2010 |
| 20090107072 | FIRE, THERMAL, AND/OR SOUND RESISTANT CONFINED SPACE CONSTRUCTION - A structure having a confined space. The structure includes: (a) a first building unit, (b) a second building unit, (c) a confined space located between the building units, and (d) a structure connecting the fire resistance rated, confined space to the first unit and the second unit. The confined space includes: (i) an interior support structure, (ii) an outer membrane on each side of the interior support structure, (iii) a substantially organic material between the outer membranes, and (iv) at least one secondary support member attached to the interior support structure for preventing bowing of the outer membranes. The confined space provides fire, sound, or thermal resistance and combinations thereof. | 04-30-2009 |
| 20110239573 | Wall Stud with a Thermal Break - Insulating material is sandwiched between one edge of a structural 2×4 and one edge of a structural 2×2 to form a 2×6 wall stud with a thermal break. While shapes, sizes and compositions of the structural members can vary, the insulated wall stud has the advantage of being the size of conventional lumber reducing installation cost. | 10-06-2011 |
| 20100058697 | Insulation Containing Inorganic Fiber and Spherical Additives - The present invention provides thermal insulation products such as loose fill, batts and boards, such as duct boards and duct liner. The insulation products include randomly distributed inorganic fibers, which are supplemented with at least about five weight percent microspheres, macrospheres, or both, and preferably include hollow microspheres, which boost the insulation value of the fiberglass thermal insulation by a t least about 0.5R | 03-11-2010 |
| 20100275543 | Polymeric Fiber Insulation Batts for Residential and Commercial Construction Applications - Fiber insulation batts suitable for building thermal insulating applications are made using polymer fibers. A mixture of staple fibers and binder fibers are used to make the batt. The batt has a bulk density of 5-15 kg/m3, a thermal conductivity of 30-50 mW/m-K and a lambda*density value of from 250-550. The batts can be made by forming a web of the fibers, and calibrating and heat-setting the web. The web can be formed using pneumatic or mechanical carding processes. In some processes, the batt can be made by forming a stack of multiple plies of the web and calibrating and heat-setting the stack. | 11-04-2010 |
| 20110247286 | INSULATING WALL PANEL ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME - An insulating wall assembly, including a framework having opposite interior and exterior sides and including a plurality of vertical and horizontal support studs defining an inner spacing within the framework, a substantially rigid insulating panel mounted to the framework, and an insulating material extending in the inner spacing and juxtaposed to the rigid insulating panel. Each one of the vertical and horizontal support studs has an outer stud member having a thickness t | 10-13-2011 |
| 20100064614 | Re-usable radiative thermal insulation - Commercial metalized plastic film, in the form of discarded containers or container stock, is collected, cleaned, shredded and packaged, to produce an insulating layer having a high thermal resistance, or R-value, no outgassing of volatile compounds at habitable temperatures, and multiple reusability after deployment. Each step in the sequence is designed to minimize unit cost of the process, as well as maximize the thermal resistance of the finished product. The invention largely avoids disintegration of the recycled material, and hence utilizes the embedded energy already present in the construction of the original film. | 03-18-2010 |
| 20090031659 | Evacuated Thermal Insulation Panel - A sealed vacuum thermal insulation panel having a thermal barrier that comprises a core made of thermal insulation material and two panel walls made of a barrier material substantially impermeable to atmospheric gases and water vapors. The two panel walls covers opposite sides of the core. The sealed panel further comprises at least one lateral strip of substantially impermeable to atmospheric gases and water vapor. The lateral strip is adapted to sealably enfold the edges of the obverse side of the two panel walls. Additionally, the sealed panel further comprises at least one sealing strip, each comprising sealing material. The sealing strip is adapted to sealably join the edges to the inner side of the lateral strip. | 02-05-2009 |
| 20120255252 | BRIDGING THERMAL BLOCK SYSTEM AND METHOD - A system and method for insulating a metal roof include a blanket of insulation laid over at least one purlin. A series of thermal blocks are fastened above the purlin over the blanket of insulation. Each thermal block in the series of thermal blocks has legs that pin the blanket of insulation to a top of each purlin. Gaps are defined between the legs, the gaps enabling regions between the legs wherein the blanket of insulation is only partially compressed between the purlin and an underside of each thermal block. Each thermal block can include a first end, a second end, and a first leg between the first and second ends. The first end includes slots for receiving clip legs of a first roof clip. The second end includes an abutment surface and a landing surface for receiving a next thermal block in a series of thermal blocks. | 10-11-2012 |
| 052405100 | Stonelike type (e.g., concrete, masonry) shell | 8 |
| 20120096795 | REFRACTORY MATERIAL WITH STAINLESS STEEL AND ORGANIC FIBERS - A refractory includes a cement, a binder and a matrix. The matrix comprises both stainless steel fibers and organic fibers. The refractory can be easily cast, without additional steel reinforcement, into large fire wall | 04-26-2012 |
| 20080236081 | Insulated building block - An insulated building block having a three-section configuration wherein a first cementitious segment containing the internal core hole of the block is interlocked with second cementitious segment by a serpentine configured insulated insert. The insulation insert is operatively arranged to have multiple lips that mate with various indented ledges on each of the other segments in a location proximate to the surface of the cementitious segments. The insulating insert is also configured with wedge holes that accommodate wedges which press into the installation to maintain continuity of the block. The insulation insert has groves that in combination with the other segments form a trough in fluid communication with weep holes which extend through the insulation insert which allows for condensation and seepage of water to drain from the block. | 10-02-2008 |
| 20090199499 | COMPOSITE BUILDING BLOCK HAVING MOISTURE BARRIER AND INSULATION ELEMENT - A construction block for use in the construction of elemental structures, including a body having a bottom surface, a top surface, end surfaces, an outer surface which forms part of an outer surface of a structure and an inner face. At least one formation on or in at least the inner face and/or at least one of the end faces receives and retains at least one insulating element. The insulating element provides thermal insulation for the structure formed from such construction blocks. | 08-13-2009 |
| 20100257803 | WIND LOAD ANCHORS AND HIGH-WIND ANCHORING SYSTEMS FOR CAVITY WALLS - High-wind load wall anchors and high-wind load wall anchoring systems for cavity walls are described which utilize double-walled anchor constructs with interengaging wire formative veneer ties. The high wind load anchors are mounted upon an interior cavity wall and the veneer ties are embedded within joints of an exterior cavity wall. The anchors have an aperture, for threading the veneer ties therethrough and restricting undesired movement, coupled with a double-walled wing structure to resist anchor deformation by high-wind forces. For resistance against seismic forces, the high-wind load wall anchoring system has a reinforcement wire which snaps into contoured veneer ties. | 10-14-2010 |
| 052405200 | Shell having end interfitting means | 1 |
| 20090056259 | CONCRETE LOAD-BEARING WALL WITH COMPOUND HEAT-INSULATING LAYER - A concrete load-bearing wall with compound heat-insulating layer includes wall body ( | 03-05-2009 |
| 052405300 | Having reinforcement in shell or insert | 3 |
| 20090120026 | Core-Insulated Pre-Fabricated Wall Piece With Connector Pins - The invention relates to a pre-fabricated wall piece ( | 05-14-2009 |
| 20090113829 | THREE DIMENSIONAL BUILDING ELEMENT - Disclosed is a three dimensional building element having outer shells formed from cementitious compositions having different densities. The outer shell forming the exterior portion of the building element has a density greater than the interior shell to provide structure strength. The interior shell is formed from a lower density cementitious compound to provide an interior wall portion of a structure with a smooth finished appearance. The lower density of the interior cementitious compound enables the interior shell to obtain a smooth finished appearance without the need to apply various secondary coatings such as plaster or drywall. | 05-07-2009 |
| 20090056260 | Temperature Limit Switch - A thermal barrier includes a thermal insulating block, a layer of ultra-high performance fibered concrete integrated with the block, reinforcements embedded in the layer of ultra-high performance fibered concrete, the reinforcements protruding from the ultra-high performance fibered concrete on either side of the block. Embodiments of the invention further provides a building that includes the barrier, a process of manufacturing the barrier and a manufacturing process of the building. | 03-05-2009 |
| 052406100 | Enveloped-type filler | 2 |
| 20090071088 | WALL CONSTRUCTION FOR INSULATED ENCLOSURE - An enclosure for storing temperature sensitive goods. The enclosure includes a wall that has an interior wall member and an exterior wall member that is spaced apart from the interior wall member to define a gap. The interior wall member partially defines the conditioned space. The enclosure also includes an insulation member that is disposed between the interior wall member and the exterior wall member within the gap. The insulation member has a vacuum insulation panel and foam insulation that is positioned on both sides of the vacuum insulation panel to separate the vacuum insulation panel from the interior wall member and the exterior wall member. The vacuum insulation panel and the foam insulation cooperate to insulate the conditioned space. | 03-19-2009 |
| 052406200 | Self-contained insulating unit | 1 |
| 20100146896 | COMPRESSIBLE INSULATION ELEMENT WITH REDUCED FRICTION - A compressible mineral fibre insulation element ( | 06-17-2010 |
| 052407100 | Filler spaced from inside face of cavity | 14 |
| 20080196344 | Fireproof board - A fireproof board includes a fireproof layer comprised a mixture of expandable graphite and fibers, and a decoration layer laminated on one side of the fireproof layer, and a substrate layer disposed to the other side of the fireproof layer. In case of a fire, the expandable graphite will expand rapidly and grow into vermicular intumescence, tangling with fibers to form a fire resistant layer can stop the flame spread and reduce the smoke development for achieving fireproof purpose to protect the objects covered over by the fireproof board. | 08-21-2008 |
| 052407200 | Filler suspended by supporting means surrounding at least four sides thereof | 3 |
| 20100043328 | UNDER RAFTER INSULATION SYSTEM FOR A HIGH PITCHED ROOF - The invention relates to an under rafters insulation system for a steep roof, comprising at least two mutually parallel extending building elements ( | 02-25-2010 |
| 20110197532 | WATERPROOF HEAT-INSULATION CONSTRUCTION METHOD AND MODULE - A waterproof heat-insulation construction method aims to spread a layer of waterproof heat-insulation powder through a waterproof heat-insulation module on a work surface to form waterproof and heat insulation effect thereof. The method comprises the steps of: first, anchoring at least one waterproof heat-insulation module which can be arranged on the work surface; then holding the waterproof heat-insulation powder in the waterproof heat-insulation module in contact with the work surface to form a waterproof heat-insulation layer. The invention also provides a corresponding waterproof heat-insulation module which can be constructed in a modular fashion to achieve waterproof and heat insulation effect for buildings. | 08-18-2011 |
| 20120210664 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPROVED CURTAIN WALL SEALING - In one aspect, the present invention relates to a plug of the type utilized for sealing a junction between a horizontal member and a vertical mullion of a curtain wall. The plug may include a plug body. The plug body may include a front body portion, a rear body portion, a left body portion, a right body portion, a top surface disposed between the left body portion, the right body portion, the front body portion, and the rear body portion. A rabbet is disposed across the front body portion. A spacer flange extends from the front body portion. A plurality of chamfers are disposed between the top surface and the left body portion, the right body portion, and the rear body portions. The plug is sized to occupy a gap formed in the junction between the horizontal member and the vertical mullion of the curtain wall. The rabbet and the plurality of chamfers form a plurality of large crevices between the plug, the horizontal member, and the vertical mullion. The large crevices allow penetration of a sealant therein. | 08-23-2012 |
| 052407300 | Filler pieces within barrier frame (e.g., rafter, joist) | 4 |
| 20100107535 | Segmented Band Joist Batts and Method of Manufacture - Insulation is partially divided into segments ( | 05-06-2010 |
| 20110271626 | Radiant Thermal Barrier - A thermal barrier is formed into a hat-shape by folding sections of an extended length of board formed for assembly and insertion as a barrier to thermal radiation into a space between two joists or studs of a floor, wall, roof, or ceiling of a building for completely covering the space while also covering protruding edges of the joists or studs so as to reduce thermal energy transfer through the joists or studs themselves. A thermal barrier assembly is shown with an outer reflective surface and is also shown for assembly into a form having an inner enclosure for enclosing an inner thermal barrier also having a reflective surface for reducing thermal radiation transfer by reflection and protected from dust by virtue of the enclosure. | 11-10-2011 |
| 20100083600 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR INSULATING PIPING IN AN EXTERIOR WALL - A method and system is provided for insulating piping installed in an exterior wall in a manner that protects the piping from freezing. Generally, the system includes an insulation block that has an interior side, an exterior side and a slot formed therein for receiving a pipe to be insulated adjacent the interior side, wherein the block is dimensioned particularly for installation into a building wall cavity. When installed, the block insures that the piping is positioned immediately adjacent the back surface of the interior sheathing material. The insulation block reliably provides a thickness of insulation material behind the piping such that the insulation material is positioned between the piping and the exterior wall surface while also maintaining the piping in contact with the rear surface of the interior wall sheathing to facilitate heat transfer from the interior of the building and into the piping. | 04-08-2010 |
| 20090126302 | Material - An insulation material comprising a substrate ( | 05-21-2009 |
| 052407400 | Means (e.g., fastener) to position insulation via supporting means for the barrier | 1 |
| 20110173913 | INSULATED BUILDING STRUCTURE AND APPARATUS THEREFOR - A bracket apparatus for an insulated building structure includes: a sheathing mounting element including a mounting surface configured to receive a mechanical fastener; and at least one elongated spacer extending away from the sheathing mounting element by a predetermined stand-off distance, the spacer configured to penetrate fibrous insulation, and defining a contact pattern configured to prevent pivoting motion of the spacer relative to a planar surface. | 07-21-2011 |
| 052407500 | Insulation defines air enclosing cell or compartment | 5 |
| 20090044475 | ENERGY-ATTENUATION STRUCTURE - An energy-attenuation structure comprising a core layer of cellular material. Substantially most of the cells of the cellular material are open cells, with those cells disposed in the central portion of the core layer being more open than are those cells disposed in outer portions of the core layer. The openness of the cells generally decreases from the interior of the core layer in a direction toward the outer portions. At least some of the cells of the core layer are filled with a liquid. | 02-19-2009 |
| 20090044474 | BI-DIMENSIONAL FOLDING INSULATOR - An insulator comprises at least three sections hingedly connected to one another, including a center section and a pair of outer sections. The sections are shaped so that if the outer sections are folded in a first direction relative to the center section, the insulator can be used with a first tube of a first diameter, and if the outer sections are folded in a second direction relative to the center section the insulator can be used on second tube of a different diameter from the first diameter. | 02-19-2009 |
| 20100088991 | Method of Producing a Vacuum Panel, One Such Vacuum Panel, and a Masonry Block Using the Panel - A method of producing a substantially parallelepiped vacuum panel which has, in an outwardly gas-tight manner in a sleeve or envelope, a filling made of granular or powdered degassed support elements, preferably silica particles, the interior of the sleeve being evacuated and the support elements being moved closely together and being enclosed by the sleeve, the sleeve comprising an encapsulation by injection-molding or overmolding of a plastic material. For forming two sides of the sleeve remote from one another, metal plates are provided, between which the support elements are arranged. The peripheral rims of the metal plates are positively and non-positively embedded by the encapsulation by injection-molding and/or overmolding. Additionally, a permeation barrier layer may be provided on at least the encapsulation by injection-molding and/or overmolding. Moreover, getter materials may be provided between the support elements. | 04-15-2010 |
| 20080245011 | Vacuum insulated glass building component and method and apparatus for its manufacture - In a vacuum-insulated glass building component comprising first and second glass panes which are supported with respect to each other by spacers and are closed along their edges by a vacuum-tight edge connection so as to enclose between them a thin evacuated intermediate space, the edge connection is formed by first and second metal foil strips which are connected to the edge areas of the first and, respectively, second glass panes in a vacuum tight manner and the areas of the first and second metal foil strips projecting beyond the edges of the respective glass panes are welded together to join the glass panes. | 10-09-2008 |
| 20100095622 | VACUUM INSULATION PANEL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF - The present invention relates to a vacuum insulation panel ( | 04-22-2010 |
| 052404200 | With retaining means penetrating insulating layer | 1 |
| 20090260310 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING AN INSULATIVE WALL STRUCTURE - A method and system for providing an insulative wall structure. The insulative wall structure includes first and second vertical longitudinal supports, which are separated horizontally, creating a space therebetween. The insulative wall structure also includes a thermal insulation member placed within the space between the first and second vertical longitudinal supports so that it is engaged with both of the vertical longitudinal supports. The resulting wall structure reduces thermal transmissions through the first and second vertical longitudinal supports. | 10-22-2009 |
| 052404300 | With divider between and holding insulating layer | 7 |
| 20120159885 | Insulated Metal Wall Systems and Related Methods - An insulated wall system and related methods of installing walls is set forth. The system includes a plurality of metal purlins ( | 06-28-2012 |
| 20080245010 | DEVICE AND METHOD TO PROVIDE AIR CIRCULATION SPACE PROXIMATE TO INSULATION MATERIAL - Insulation spacer devices, methods and related construction techniques are provided. An exemplary device may include a body having a plurality of openings defining an openwork, to allow the passage of air therethrough when placed in contact with insulation material. The device may further include a plurality of spacer struts and/or spacing depressions fixedly attached to the body. The struts may be configured to maintain a predetermined distance between a first side of the insulation material and a building surface. The body and struts act together to define and maintain a space between the first side of the insulation material and the building surface, for example, for ventilation. The building surface can be the bottom face of a roof, an insulated attic floor, wall sheathing or a soundproofed demising wall, for example. The spacer device can be capable of being transported and stored together with, or as a separate item from, the insulation material, and can also be stored in nested layers. The device can also be stored in rolled form. The openwork of the device can additionally or alternatively include a sheet of Entangled net filaments or other similar material. | 10-09-2008 |
| 20080276558 | ADAPTIVE WALL INSULATING SYSTEM - A building wall or a system for insulating a building wall, comprising: an insulating layer of translucent insulation disposed upon an exterior wall of a building so as to be exposed to solar radiation; an absorbing layer disposed toward the interior of said building from said insulating layer in a position to receive at least of portion of said solar radiation, said absorbing layer being capable of absorbing a portion of said solar radiation and converting said portion of said solar radiation to thermal energy; an adaptive shading mechanism disposed exterior of said transparent insulation, said adaptive shading mechanism comprising: a support structure secured to said building and adapted to support plant matter at a distance therefrom; plant matter disposed upon said support structure in a position to at least partially shade said exterior of said building from said solar radiation, said plant matter being selected so that said plant matter changes during a certain portion of the calendar year so as to increase the amount of solar radiation reaching said exterior of said building, said portion of the calendar year being a portion in which relatively greater solar heating of said building is desired. A method for insulating a building wall comprises the employment of such a system. | 11-13-2008 |
| 20110083387 | FLANGELESS INSULATION PRODUCT FOR COMPRESSION FITTING INTO INSULATION CAVITIES - A system provides insulation products for a plurality of insulation wall cavities in buildings, where a substantial portion of the insulation wall cavities have a known nominal width. The system includes providing flangeless insulation products having a blanket of fibrous insulation material and having a facing material with a width substantially equal to the width of the insulation blanket, with the width of the insulation blanket and the width of the facing material being greater than the nominal width of the plurality of insulation cavities. The increased width of the facing material improves the seal of the facing material when the insulation product is placed within insulation wall cavities of the known nominal width in comparison to the seal provided by flanged insulation products applied with inset stapling to the same insulation wall cavities. | 04-14-2011 |
| 20100257802 | INSULATED DOOR AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME - An insulated door comprising a door shell having spaced first and second exterior panels. The door includes a plurality of stiffeners bonded to a liner panel, with thermal insulation between adjacent stiffeners, disposed within the door shell. The liner panel may extend along one side of the stiffeners and the thermal insulation along the liner panel between the stiffeners and the first and second exterior panels. The stiffeners and the liner panel are preferably made of steel and the stiffeners are welded to the liner panel. The stiffeners are preferably not welded to the first and second exterior panels of the door shell. The liner panel is preferably insertable into the first or second exterior panels of the door shell. The insulation material fills substantially all of the space between the liner panel and one of the first or second exterior panels. | 10-14-2010 |
| 20120124930 | Over-Purlin Insulation System For A Roof - A system and method for insulating a metal roof includes a thermal block arrangement disposed over each of a pair of purlins. A vapor-barrier sheet spans between and is secured over the opposing pair of purlins, the vapor-barrier sheet being secured underneath each thermal block arrangement. A batt insulation receiving cavity is defined by an upper surface of the vapor-barrier sheet and between opposing faces of each of the thermal block arrangements. | 05-24-2012 |
| 20090019802 | Adjustable insulation containment apparatus - An adjustable insulation containment apparatus for insulating about duct work having a plurality of foldable sections or members that can be selectively ganged together by connection to each other to make a run. The members can be adjusted for width of the conduit. Alternatively, the apparatus can be formed by a pair of scored planar sheets held in position by end panels and spacers. | 01-22-2009 |
| 052404400 | Composed of modules having complementary abutting edges | 5 |
| 20130118106 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THERMAL BARRIER INSTALLATION - An insulation system including a first retention member having a first channel, a second retention member having a second channel, and a thermal bridge. The thermal bridge includes a first finger and a second finger. The first finger is received into the first channel and the second finger is received into the second channel. The system further includes a first locking tab associated with the first channel for securing the first finger and a second locking tab associated with the second channel for securing the second finger. The thermal bridge substantially reduces conductive heat transfer between the first retention member and the second retention member. | 05-16-2013 |
| 20120186179 | Systems and Methods for Insulating Attic Openings - A cover for closing an access opening that leads to an infrequently used space within a building, such as an attic, that generally provides an air seal, thermal insulation and/or acoustic insulation at the access opening. The cover may be in one or two portions, including a closure alone or a closure and a frame having an aperture that can be closed by engagement between the closure and the frame. When the cover is used alone it engages a frame or a wall circumscribing the access opening. The cover is sized and shaped to close a stairwell, or the opening at one end of a stairway, an opening in a generally vertical wall, a hatch, or a pull down ladder. The closure and frame are each made of one or more components. | 07-26-2012 |
| 20120036805 | INSULATION BARRIER FOR CEILING HATCH OPENINGS - A barrier or dam to contain loose insulation from falling through an attic access hatch or scuttle opening is provided. Embodiments include four pieces that can be assembled together around the perimeter of hatches of varying sizes. Two of the pieces may be male pieces and two may be female pieces. Each piece may have a securing tab on its bottom end to attach each piece to joists that define the hatch opening. A kit comprising the barrier pieces may be utilized by homeowners, contractors or insulation installers for quick and easy installation of the containment dam. | 02-16-2012 |
| 20110154765 | INSULATED WALL - A section of the wall has a plurality of interspaced structural members mounted between an upper frame member and a lower frame member, and insulating material generally filling the space between the structural members and upper and lower frame members. | 06-30-2011 |
| 20100095621 | HIGH PERFORMANCE INSULATED STRUCTURAL PANEL - An insulated structural panel is made from expanded polystyrene (EPS) panel and a plurality of interior and exterior structural members that are affixed to one another by screws is provided. When assembled, the interior and exterior structural members are flush with the EPS panel. A tongue at one end of the EPS panel engages a grove at another end of another EPS panel, therein permitting interlocking two or more EPS panels. The interior panel is C-shaped and is slid into a C-shaped passage in the EPS panel formed by hot-wire cutting the EPS panel. The exterior structural member is positioned within a channel formed opposite the passage. A top plate connects a plurality of interior structural members. A seam covering member is affixed to the one end of the EPS panel and is flush with the EPS panel. A thermal break is provided between the interior and exterior structural members. | 04-22-2010 |
