| Class / Patent application number | Description | Number of patent applications / Date published |
|---|
| 044605000 | FROM VEGETATION OR REFUSE | 64 |
| 20120159842 | BIOMASS TORREFACTION SYSTEM AND METHOD - A biomass torrefaction system is provided which enables a continuous torrefaction process that involves the introduction of biomass particles into a rotating reactor drum having a low oxygen environment. The particles are conveyed through the drum by a heated gas stream and simultaneously torrefied thereby. Gas exiting the drum is recirculated back to a heat source for reheating the gas prior to reentering the drum. A method of biomass torrefaction is also provided. | 06-28-2012 |
| 20130055632 | METHODS AND PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCING USEFUL PRODUCTS FROM WASTE MATERIALS - The invention relates to a method for producing coal, asphalt, liquid hydrocarbon, organic acids, methane gas and/or hydrogen from a waste material comprising: a) providing a waste material; b) subjecting the waste material to irradiation with low frequency macro waves, with a wavelength of between 700 nm and 1 mm, whereby the temperature is between 2050 C and 9000 C and the pressure is between 1.0 bar and 19.0 bar, thereby producing coal; c) optionally subjecting the residual materials in gaseous state from step b) to a physicochemical reaction in the presence of a solid metal identified as DPP B102, whereby the temperature is between 1800 C and 5000 C and the pressure is between 0.98 bar and 5.5 bar, thereby producing asphalt; d) optionally subjecting the residual materials in gaseous state from step b) or c) to a physicochemical reaction and/or condensation, whereby the temperature is between 1500 C and 7500 C and the pressure is between 0.96 bar and 200 bar, thereby producing liquid hydrocarbon; e) optionally subjecting the residual materials in gaseous state from step b), c) or d) to a physicochemical reaction in the presence of a solid metal identified as DPP D102, whereby the temperature is between 500 C and 1500 C and the pressure is between 0.95 bar and 1.5 bar, thereby producing organic acids; f) optionally subjecting the residual materials in gaseous state from step b), c) d) or e) to an absorbent wash and cooling at room temperature, thereby producing methane gas and hydrogen, wherein | 03-07-2013 |
| 20130055633 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF SOLID BIOMASS BY TORREFACTION - Methods and systems for preparing a torrefied biomass fuel are disclosed. Moisture is initially extracted from relatively wet biomass fuel to produce a relatively dry biomass fuel. Remaining moisture is then extracted from the relatively dry biomass fuel in a final drying stage, using steam at a temperature of about 900° F. The resulting dried biomass fuel is conveyed downward using gravity and undergoes torrefaction, which produces torrefied biomass fuel and torrefaction gases. A gaseous mixture of steam and torrefaction gases is vented to a heat exchanger, where the gaseous mixture is heated by a flue gas, and the heated gaseous mixture is used to support the extraction of the remaining moisture in the final drying stage and to support the torrefaction of the dried biomass fuel. Embodiments disclosed herein efficiently use available energy resources to the benefit of manufacturers, consumers, and the environment. | 03-07-2013 |
| 20090013592 | FUEL COMPOSITION WHICH COMBUSTS INSTANTANEOUSLY, METHOD AND PLANT THEREFOR - Fuel composition which combusts instantaneously, comprising from 40 to 95% by weight of an instantaneously combusting fossil fuel and from 60 to 5% by weight of a non-fossil solid fuel chosen from the group comprising urban solid waste, elastomeric and non-elastomeric polymer materials and mixtures thereof, this fuel being suitably treated so as to be instantaneously combustible. Method and plant f or the instantaneous combustion of the said composition. | 01-15-2009 |
| 20110056124 | Algal Coal and Process for Preparing Same - Algae-derived synthetic coal and filtrates. The invention described herein provides an algae-derived synthetic coal product and filtrates and process for preparing the same using an improved hydrothermal carbonization process. The synthetic coal product is similar to natural bituminous coal in terms of percent carbon content and energy equivalency while at the same time containing relatively low levels of sulfur and contaminant heavy metals. Unlike natural coal and other fossil fuels, because the carbon of the biomass is formed through photosynthesis, carbon dioxide formed during combustion is a “carbon neutral” event with little or no “new” carbon dioxide being added to the earth's atmosphere. The algae-derived filtrates contain useful constituents. | 03-10-2011 |
| 20110271588 | SYNTHETIC COAL AND METHODS OF PRODUCING SYNTHETIC COAL FROM FERMENTATION RESIDUE - Synthetic coal, methods of producing synthetic coal, produced from fermentation residue, such as the residue from ethanol production, by subjecting the fermentation residue to hydrothermal carbonization in an aqueous solution at a temperature and a pressure sufficient to form a synthetic coal solid and a liquid component. The solid synthetic coal component has a low ash content and may be used as a carbon source for energy production, such as for combustive thermal energy generation, or for gassification for the production of synthesis gas. | 11-10-2011 |
| 20110296748 | METHODS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FUEL PELLETS AND OTHER PRODUCTS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS - The present invention is directed to a method for producing products, such as fuel pellets, from lignocellulosic biomass. Lignocellulosic biomass having a moisture content of less than about 30% by weight is introduced into a reactor. A vacuum of less than about 500 torr is applied to the reactor. Steam having a temperature of between about 180° C. and about 235° C. is injected into the reactor. The biomass is maintained in the reactor between about 1 and about 12 minutes. The treated biomass having a moisture content less than about 30% by weight is removed from the reactor. Treated biomass is formed into a pellet. | 12-08-2011 |
| 20100170148 | Host Cells and Methods for Producing Fatty Acid Derived Compounds - The present invention provides for a method of producing one or more fatty acid derived compounds in a genetically modified host cell which does not naturally produce the one or more derived fatty acid derived compounds. The invention provides for the biosynthesis of fatty acid derived compounds such as C18 aldehydes, C18 alcohols, C18 alkanes, and C17 alkanes from C18-CoA which in turn is synthesized from butyryl-CoA. The host cell can be further modified to increase fatty acid production or export of the desired fatty acid derived compound, and/or decrease fatty acid storage or metabolism. | 07-08-2010 |
| 20100170147 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING FUELS FROM BIOMASS - The present invention relates to systems and methods for producing fuels. In an embodiment, the invention includes a method of producing a diesel-equivalent fuel, including pyrolyzing biomass to form a pyrolysis oil and contacting the pyrolysis oil and an alcohol with a metal oxide catalyst at a temperature of greater than about 60 degrees Celsius. In an embodiment, the invention includes a method of refining pyrolysis oil including contacting pyrolysis oil and an alcohol with a metal oxide catalyst at a temperature of greater than about 60 degrees Celsius. In an embodiment, the invention includes a system for processing biomass into fuel including a pyrolysis chamber defining an interior volume; a first heating element configured to heat the pyrolysis chamber; a refining chamber in selective fluid communication with the pyrolysis chamber, the refining chamber defining an interior volume, a metal oxide catalyst disposed within the interior volume; and a second heating element configured to heat the refining chamber. Other embodiments are also described herein. | 07-08-2010 |
| 20110214343 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONVERSION OF BIOMASS TO BIOFUEL - Embodiments presented herein describe an apparatus and method to convert carbonaceous materials, particularly biomass and those biomass resources which are remotely located, into a high performance solid fuel. This method, and the apparatus described as the means to accomplish this method, provides a continuous process which can be completely powered by the energy contained in the biomass. The heat, mechanical power and electrical power are provided from the energy in the biomass, through the methods described. In this way, the apparatus is free to operate in remote locations, where no power or auxiliary fuel sources are available. | 09-08-2011 |
| 20120096764 | Process for purifying solid carboniferous fuels prior to combustion, liquefaction or gasification using a rotary chamber - Solid carboniferous fuels contain varying quantities of moisture, mercury, chlorine, nitrogen, sulfur, heavy metals and other materials that attain vapor pressure at elevated temperatures. The cost effective removal of these degrading and sometimes hazardous materials is important to the further use of the fuel for combustion as a solid, liquid, or gas. The solid fuel is cut, shredded, ground or sieved to appropriate size, and heated in a chamber that can exclude oxygen and air thus preventing ignition. The unwanted materials are driven in the gaseous state and extracted for disposal. The solid fuel cleaned of pollutants exits the chamber and is cooled below ignition temperature prior to contact with oxygen. The solid fuel thus purified is more appropriate for combustion, liquefaction or gasification due to the reduced costs in use as a fuel or in the post combustion clean up. | 04-26-2012 |
| 20120023814 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE LARGE SCALE COLLECTION, PREPARATION, HANDLING AND REFINING OF LIGNO-CELLULOSIC BIOMASS - A system for collecting ligno-cellulosic biomass over a large area to enable the commercial refining of biomass from 2,500 to in excess of 50,000 tons of biomass per day to produce ethanol or other products. The biomass is collected at a series of collection points and then transported through a network of conduit “loops” interconnecting each of the collection points and the central refining plant. The water used to transport the biomass, as a slurry, is recovered and sequentially recycled in the same pipeline system to push the biomass slurry around the system in a “loop”. | 02-02-2012 |
| 20120023813 | METHOD OF DRYING BIOMASS - A process for torrefaction of biomass is provided in which biomass are passed into a fluidized bed or a non-fluidized bed reactor and heated to a predetermined temperature in an oxidizing environment. The dried biomass is then fed to a cooler where the temperature of the product is reduced to approximately 100 degrees Fahrenheit. | 02-02-2012 |
| 20120291343 | SYNTHETIC COAL AND METHODS OF PRODUCING SYNTHETIC COAL FROM FERMENTATION RESIDUE - The invention herein describe a novel process for producing a novel synthetic coal product from fermentation residues, such as, the waste materials from fermentation based ethanol production. The fermentation residue is subject to a hydrothermal carbonization process in an aqueous solution at a temperature and at a pressure sufficient to form a synthetic coal solid and a liquid component. This process does not require drying of the fermentation residue which provides for a more energy efficient method of processing thereof. The synthetic coal solid has a high heat content combustive material. The liquid component has nutrient value so that it can be recycled thereby permitting the sustainable recycling of such nutrients and the water in which those nutrients are dissolved. | 11-22-2012 |
| 20100275510 | PURIFICATION METHOD AND APPARATUS - A method and apparatus for the removal of at least part of the impurities of bio-diesel fuel, said impurities typically arising from production said purification involving exposure of the ‘raw’ bio-diesel to one or more fragments of plant material. The purification process can be a batch or continuous process. | 11-04-2010 |
| 20080256851 | Compressed Fuel Product Using Flax Straw Derivative - A compressed fuel product, for example a firelog or other like product, comprises a material comprising a flax straw derivative, for example flax shives or other material derived from flax, which is compressed into a solid body. The material is bonded together under pressure into the solid body solely by natural lignin in the flax straw derivative. | 10-23-2008 |
| 20110219679 | MICROWAVE TORREFACTION OF BIOMASS - There is described a processor for use in the microwave torrefaction of biomass material which comprises, a micronised biomass char material and a method of producing a biomass char material, and a method of producing L-glucosan. | 09-15-2011 |
| 20120066968 | System and Method for Manufacturing Various Waste and Municipal Solid Waste for Producing a Solid Fuel - The present invention generally relates to waste to energy systems and methods. The instant invention is further directed to processes and systems for mixing, binding, and stabilizing agents for manufactured refuse driven solid fuel. | 03-22-2012 |
| 20090249685 | Closed loop biomass energy system - A closed loop biomass energy system includes at least one agricultural facility that produces agricultural waste; a waste processing system operable to convert the waste into biomass; a wastewater treatment system operable to treat wastewater created by the waste processing system and an energy production system operable to utilize the biomass to produce energy and provide the energy to an energy end-user. In one form, the energy is steam and the energy end-user is a biofuel production facility that utilizes the steam to power production of a biofuel. In a further aspect of this form, wastewater created as a byproduct of the biofuel production is transferred to and treated by the wastewater treatment system. However, additional forms, embodiments, features and aspects are contemplated as discussed in further detail in this document. | 10-08-2009 |
| 20120192485 | Apparatus and process for torrefaction of ligno-cellulosic biomasses and mixtures with liquid - A method and apparatus for treating a biomass material to produce a torrefied fuel comprising the steps of preheating the biomass material with a hot liquid flowing counter to the direction of travel of the biomass material at a temperature up to 200° C., superheating the preheated biomass material with a liquid flowing counter-current to the direction of travel of the biomass material to a temperature ranging up to 300° C. for a period sufficient to obtain full torrefaction of the biomass material, and cooling the torrefied biomass material with liquid flowing counter to the direction of travel of the torrefied biomass material. | 08-02-2012 |
| 20100154297 | OXIDIZER OF BURNER - The present invention pertains to a liquid oxidizer of burner consisting of a hydrogen peroxide (H | 06-24-2010 |
| 20100162619 | MATERIAL AND/OR FUEL PRODUCED FROM BIOMASS - The invention relates to a material and/or fuel which is produced from biomass. The material and/or fuel can be produced according to a method, wherein the biomass is treated at a temperature of over 100 degrees centigrade and a pressure of over 5 bar for a treatment duration of at least 1 hour. | 07-01-2010 |
| 20100192457 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING LIQUEFIED FUEL OIL USING BIOMASS AS FEEDSTOCK - An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a liquefied fuel oil using biomass as a feedstock, in which a relatively inexpensive liquefaction apparatus is used; a good balance is maintained between the liquefaction of water-insoluble lignin and the liquefaction of water-soluble cellulose to achieve a high yield of the liquefied fuel oil based on the biomass solids content; and the amount of ash derived from an alkali catalyst and the like is low. The method for producing a liquefied fuel oil using biomass as a feedstock is characterized by adding, to biomass comprising lignocellulose, a solvent comprising an organic solvent and having a moisture content adjusted to 10 to 25 wt %, including moisture contained in the biomass, and liquefying the biomass at a temperature of 250 to 350° C. | 08-05-2010 |
| 20080229657 | SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR CONTINUOUS BIOMASS PROCESSING - This invention is directed to biomass processing. In one embodiment, the biomass is processed by contacting the biomass with a swelling agent as the biomass and swelling agent are transported through a reactor system. In another embodiment, the processed biomass is fermented. Steam is also applied in the biomass processing. The steam can be applied before, during or after the biomass is first contacted with the swelling agent. | 09-25-2008 |
| 20090031620 | Process For Using Polymeric Waste Materials To Produce Fuel - The present invention provides an economic process which utilizes biodiesel and other high boiling esters containing short alkyl groups to produce liquid fuels from polymeric materials such as, for example, used tires. In a first embodiment, polymeric material is dissolved/suspended/dispersed in biodiesel upon heating to form a product containing between about 10% and about 35% by weight of polymeric material. At least some of the biodiesel is recovered and reused to dissolve/suspend/disperse additional polymeric material to form additional product. After a predetermined number of cycles, the accumulated product is used as a fuel. In a second embodiment, polymeric material is dissolved/suspended/dispersed upon heating in biodiesel to form a mixture containing between about 30% and about 90% by weight of the polymeric material to be used as heavy fuel oil to be burned as is or bulk refined. The present invention also encompasses the fuel formed by the processes described. | 02-05-2009 |
| 20110056125 | PROCESS FOR CONVERTING BIOMASS TO COAL-LIKE MATERIAL USING HYDROTHERMAL CARBONISATION - The present invention relates to a hydro thermal carbonization process for the preparation of coal-like material using biomass. The process comprises a step (i) of heating a reaction mixture comprising water and biomass to obtain a reaction mixture comprising activated biomass; and a step (ii) of adding a polymerization initiator to the reaction mixture obtained in step (i) to polymerize the activated biomass and to obtain a reaction mixture comprising coal-like material. The process is beneficial in terms of product control, and process engineering. | 03-10-2011 |
| 20110047866 | REMOVAL OF IMPURITIES FROM OILS AND/OR FATS - Disclosed is a process for removing solids, metals, phosphorus compounds and other impurities from low quality triglyceride containing feedstock. The final treated triglyceride containing feedstock may be converted to fuel range hydrocarbons via hydrotreating process. | 03-03-2011 |
| 20110041391 | Process For Recycling Waste Materials - The present invention provides a process which utilizes biodiesel and other high boiling esters containing short alkyl groups to produce liquid fuels from waste material. The waste material is added to a solvent having a predetermined cycle starting solvent volume. An energy source is introduced into the solvent for a predetermined time at a predetermined temperature and pressure to form a non-grindable product. The energy source is removed and the product is cooled to a predetermined temperature to produce the fuel. The invention also encompasses the fuel formed by the process described. | 02-24-2011 |
| 20110252698 | Method of Drying Biomass - A process for torrefaction of biomass is provided in which biomass are passed into a fluidized bed reactor and heated to a predetermined temperature in an oxidizing environment. The dried biomass is then fed to a cooler where the temperature of the product is reduced to approximately 100 degrees Fahrenheit. | 10-20-2011 |
| 20110252699 | BIOCHAR RETORT KILN - Systems and methods for a biochar retort kiln are disclosed herein. A method for making biochar includes placing waste bio mass in a cylindrical retort chamber. The retort chamber extends outwardly at a first end and a second end from a fire box. Pyrolysis is fueled by igniting the waste biomass. Syngasses are evacuated through one or more holes defined by the cylindrical retort chamber, such that the syngasses are driven out of the biomass and out of the retort chamber to be consumed by a fire in the firebox. The byproduct of the described method is biochar. | 10-20-2011 |
| 20120240457 | METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF FUELS FROM BIOMASS, FROM LOW QUALITY COALS AND FROM WASTES, RESIDUES AND SLUDGES FROM SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS - The present invention concerns a method for the removal of inorganic components such as potassium, sodium, chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus and heavy metals, from biomass of rural or forest or urban origin or even mixture of different origin biomasses, from low quality coals such as peat, lignite and sub-bituminous/bituminous coals, from urban/industrial origin residues/wastes, which are possible to include as much organic—>5% weight—as inorganic—<95% weight—charge and from sewage treatment plant sludges. The desired goal is achieved with the physicochemical treatment of the raw material. The method can also include the thermal treatment, which can precede or follow the physicochemical one. The application of the thermal treatment depends on the nature and the particular characteristics of each raw material as well as on the feasibility analysis of the whole process in order to determine the optimization point in each case. | 09-27-2012 |
| 20080202022 | Method to reduce maintenance costs and the carbon footprint in land management - A method of reducing maintenance costs and carbon footprints near/on roadways, airports, public and private right of ways, military areas, unused construction areas, government and subsidy lands by utilizing these areas for the growth of biofuel feedstock materials. Crops used for production of biofuels could be grown in or around these areas and processed into biofuels in the same general area. This process would produce lower exhaust emissions compared with fossil fuels, decrease cost of maintenance of roadways and public right of ways, decrease the United States dependence on foreign oil and decrease transportation costs of fuels to customers, alleviate pest pressures, reduce storm water runoff and help to control fire danger. This process includes, but is not limited to sustainable tillage growth of common biofuels feedstock crops including: canola, rape, mustard, camelina, sunflower; harvesting said crops and turning the biomass yield into biofuels. | 08-28-2008 |
| 20110005125 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOFUEL FROM ORGANIC WASTES - The present invention concerns a procedure to produce bio-fuels of natural origin from organic wastes. In particular the present invention concerns a procedure to obtain bio-fuels starting from the organic fraction of waste comprising a phase of extraction with a solvent of said organic fraction and a separation of said bio-fuel from said solvent. | 01-13-2011 |
| 20110162265 | Biomass Fuel Pellet Using Recycled Rubber and Bitumen - A solid fuel product is produced which includes a biomass material, bituminous material, recycled rubber material derived from tires and petroleum coke. The biomass material is in a ground particulate material form and forms a majority of a total mass of the fuel product. The bituminous material is typically less than 10% of the total mass of the fuel product. The recycled rubber material binds the biomass material together with the bituminous waste material and is less than 40% of the total mass of the fuel product. The petroleum coke is 1-2% of the total mass of the fuel product. Total moisture content is less than 10%. | 07-07-2011 |
| 20110258919 | SYSTEMS, METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS RELATING TO COMBUSTIBLE BIOMATERIALS - A composition of biomass material is disclosed. The composition includes: (i) a lignocellulosic material; and (ii) at least one member selected from a group consisting of potassium, sodium and chlorides, wherein said at least one member comprising not more than about 0.01% (by weight) of said composition. The composition may not include more than 10% of water. | 10-27-2011 |
| 20110258918 | SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND COMPOSITIONS RELATING TO COMBUSTIBLE BIOMATERIALS - A method for making a combustible material is described. The method includes: (i) receiving one or more types of biomass, each of which includes an inorganic material; (ii) rupturing lignocellulose in one or more types of the biomass to produce ruptured biomass including the inorganic material; (iii) washing the ruptured biomass with solvent to drive the inorganic material from the ruptured biomass into the solvent to produce an inorganic-material-enriched solvent and an inorganic-material-depleted ruptured biomass; (iv) pyrolyzing the inorganic-material-depleted ruptured biomass to produce a combustible biomaterial. | 10-27-2011 |
| 20110302834 | Upgrading Carbonaceous Materials - Disclosed are methods for upgrading carbonaceous materials. Also disclosed are apparatuses for upgrading carbonaceous materials. Also disclosed are systems for upgrading carbonaceous materials. Also disclosed are upgraded carbonaceous materials. | 12-15-2011 |
| 20110302833 | Coal Processing Method by Using Characteristics of Sub-Critical and Supercritical Water - A coal processing method includes adding coal powder, water and catalyst into a series of tandem reactors and processing therein, wherein the coal powder, water and catalyst are added into the first reactor of the series of tandem reactors; and the temperature and pressure of the series reactors is alternatively arranged in sub-critical state and supercritical state of water from the first reactor, the total product from the previous reactor is used as the feed of the next reactor without any further separation. | 12-15-2011 |
| 20120144735 | CULTIVATION OF TAMARIX TREE FOR BIOMASS FUEL - A method for using Tamarix Erect trees for the production of biomass fuel. Tamarix Erect trees are planted and/or cultivated in an area of land. After growth of biomass of the Tamarisk Erect trees, at least a portion of the biomass is harvested for the biomass fuel. The planting may be performed at a density greater than 6000 Tamarix Erect trees per hectare. | 06-14-2012 |
| 20120000120 | HYDROTHERMAL PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF COAL-LIKE MATERIAL FROM BIOMASS AND EVAPORATION COLUMN - The present Invention relates to a hydrothermal process for the preparation of coal-like material from biomass, in which a reaction mixture comprising biomass is heated by contacting with steam, the steam moving counter-currently relative to the reaction mixture, to obtain a reaction mixture comprising activated biomass, and the activated biomass is subsequently polymerized to give a reaction mixture comprising coal-like material. According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a column, preferably a vertically oriented evaporation column, comprising horizontally oriented mass transfer trays, rotor elements mounted on a rotor shaft that is vertically oriented and passes through a rotor shaft opening in the mass transfer trays, and a housing provided with suitable upper and lower inlets and outlets. The column can be used with benefit in the hydrothermal process of the invention. The process is advantageous in that it allows the quick, energy-efficient and stable production of high-quality coal-like material. | 01-05-2012 |
| 20120060413 | INCREASING CARBON FLOW FOR POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE PRODUCTION IN BIOMASS CROPS - Transgenic plants, transgenic plant material, and transgenic plant cells for the improved synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates, preferably poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (also referred to as PHB), have been developed. In one embodiment, carbon flow is modulated to increase production of PHB. Preferred plants that can be genetically engineered to produce PHB include plants that produce a large amount of lignocellulosic biomass that can be converted into biofuels, such as switchgrass, | 03-15-2012 |
| 20120110901 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING OF AQUATIC SPECIES - Disclosed herein is a method and system of recovering multiple products from industrial-scale production of a biomass of an aquatic species. | 05-10-2012 |
| 20120204483 | Solid waste reclamation process - A process for reclaiming food-contaminated solid waste streams from fast food restaurants, casual dining restaurants, cafeterias, schools, colleges and universities, concession stands, arenas, stadiums, movie theaters, large city street trash bins and other entertainment venues, and other places that offer simple food items for dine in or carry-out that are currently sent to a land fill. The inventive process offers total solid waste reclamation with zero waste water discharge, zero landfill and minor source air emissions, resulting in 100% reclamation and a 100% sustainable process. This process can also be used on solid waste from reclamation centers and manufacturers who currently land fill their waste. | 08-16-2012 |
| 20120151835 | METHODOLOGY FOR THE REMOVAL OF INORGANIC COMPONENTS FROM BIOMASS OF AGRO/FOREST/URBAN ORIGIN AND FROM LOW-QUALITY COAL SUCH AS PEAT, LIGNITE, SUB-BITUMINOUS AND BITUMINOUS COALS - A methodology for the removal of the harmful components of the ash of biomass of agro/forest/urban origin and of low-quality coal fuels, as peat, lignite, sub-bituminous and bituminous coals, is invented. The harmful components are alkaline metals, chlorine and sulphur. They are removed before the thermochemical conversion in order to prevent or minimise the corrosion, scaling/deposition, ash agglomeration problems, as well as the alkaline metal, chlorine, sulphur emissions. Furthermore, it aims in the production of materials of low moisture content, low hygroscopicity, which can be easily ground, and mixed with various other materials, easily fed to commercial boilers for energy production, which can be easily pelletised with or without other materials at various proportions and with very low energy requirements. The removal is achieved with pre-pyrolysis/pre-gasification at 250-320° C. for 5 min to 2 h of biomass of agro/forest/urban origin, as well as, of low-quality coal fuels, as peat, lignite, sub-bituminous and bituminous coals. Then the pre-pyrolysed/pre-gasified sample is washed with a 0.5%-20% weight basis aqueous calcium acetate and/or magnesium acetate and/or aluminum acetate and/or ammonium acetate solution. These acetate salts can be mixed in a proportion of 0% to 100% to form an active salt which is used for the preparation of the aqueous solution. Any kind tap water from a public water supply system, spring, etc. can be used for the preparation of aqueous solution. The solid-to-liquid ratio is 33 g/L to 600 g/L, the temperature varies from 13° C. to 95° C., and the treatment duration between 5 min to 24 h. | 06-21-2012 |
| 20120124901 | COMBUSTIBLE ARTICLE OF MANUFACTURE - Apparatus for biomass torrefaction which includes a serpentine elongated housing, the housing having three generally U-shaped axial portions having first and second axial extremities and an intermediate section, the first and second axial extremities are disposed in normal use at a higher elevation than the first and second axial extremities, the intermediate section being configured for holding a liquid. Other forms of the invention include the method for biomass torrefaction which includes providing a quantity of biomass, providing a liquid heat transfer fluid, providing at least a first housing for holding the heat transfer liquid, elevating the temperature of the liquid heat transfer liquid, heat treating the biomass by passing it through the heat transfer liquid in the first housing at a temperature and duration sufficient to accomplish torrefaction of the wood. In some forms of the method, the process further includes the step of pelletizing the biomass prior to performing the treating step. | 05-24-2012 |
| 20120247005 | METHOD AND REACTOR FOR PROCESSING BULK MATERIAL CONTAINING Li - The invention relates to a method for recovering lithium from a starting material comprising lithium. According to the invention, the starting material is heated with carbon in a reactor by carrying out direct inductive heating of the carbon. | 10-04-2012 |
| 20100287826 | System and Method of Preparing Pre-Treated Biorefinery Feedstock from Raw and Recycled Waste Cellulosic Biomass - A method of preparing cellulosic biomass material for subsequent processing first comprises moving at least one stream of biomass material along a flow path. Then, the stream of cellulosic biomass material can be explosively dried and pulverized to disrupt lignocellulosic bonds, and to reduce a moisture content and a particle size of the cellulosic biomass material. Then, the stream of cellulosic biomass material can be electrically degraded the stream of cellulosic biomass material to disrupt lignocellulosic bonds. Additional pre-treatment and post-treatment processes can also be included. | 11-18-2010 |
| 20120073189 | TREATMENT EQUIPMENT OF ORGANIC WASTE AND TREATMENT METHOD - A method for treating an organic waste, in which the organic waste is pressurized and continuously supplied to a high temperature and pressure treatment apparatus to produce a slurried material by blowing steam into the organic waste to cause a reaction while heating, pressurizing and agitating. The slurried material is dehydrated to produce a separated liquid product and a separated solid product. The separated solid product includes sufficient combustible content to produce a fuel product. The separated liquid product is purified. | 03-29-2012 |
| 20120233914 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF SOLID BIOMASS BY TORREFACTION - Methods and systems for preparing a torrefied biomass fuel are disclosed. Moisture is initially extracted from relatively wet biomass fuel to produce a relatively dry biomass fuel. Remaining moisture is then extracted from the relatively dry biomass fuel in a final drying stage, using steam at a temperature of about 900° F. The resulting dried biomass fuel is conveyed downward using gravity and undergoes torrefaction, which produces torrefied biomass fuel and torrefaction gases. A gaseous mixture of steam and torrefaction gases is vented to a heat exchanger, where the gaseous mixture is heated by a flue gas, and the heated gaseous mixture is used to support the extraction of the remaining moisture in the final drying stage and to support the torrefaction of the dried biomass fuel. Embodiments disclosed herein efficiently use available energy resources to the benefit of manufacturers, consumers, and the environment. | 09-20-2012 |
| 20120266532 | PROCESS TO GENERATE SYNTHESIS GAS AND/OR LIQUID RAW MATERIALS AND/OR ENERGY MATERIALS FROM WASTE AND/OR BIOMASS - Process to generate synthesis gas and/or liquid raw materials and/or energy materials from waste and/or biomass by performing the following steps: a) solvolysis of the organic components of waste and/or biomass in an alkaline solution or hydrate smelter at a temperature range of 150° to 250° C. and pressure between 3 and 12 bar, whereby the organic components are converted into at least one liquid phase and the inorganic components are sedimented; b) elimination of the inorganic components from the liquid phase by physical separation methods; c) transfer of the vapors generated during the solvolysis into a rectification column, where the organic components are separated from water; and d) further separation of the organic components by rectification, extraction and sorption and/or conversion by thermal gasification into synthesis gas or burnable gas. | 10-25-2012 |
| 20120085023 | BIOMASS TORREFACTION SYSTEM AND METHOD - A biomass torrefaction system is provided which enables a continuous torrefaction process that involves the introduction of biomass particles into a rotating reactor drum having a low oxygen environment. The particles are conveyed through the drum by a heated gas stream and simultaneously torrefied thereby. Gas exiting the drum is recirculated back to a heat source for reheating the gas prior to reentering the drum. A method of biomass torrefaction is also provided. | 04-12-2012 |
| 20110308147 | Process and System for Mixing, Binding and Stabilizing Agents for Manufacturing Refuse Driven Solid Waste - The present invention generally relates to waste to energy systems and methods. The instant invention is further directed to processes and systems for mixing, binding, and stabilizing agents for manufactured refuse driven solid fuel. | 12-22-2011 |
| 20120137575 | CARBON ALLOY PRODUCTS AND A PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION - A carbonaceous material, also referred to as a carbon alloy, and a process of making the carbonaceous material is provided. A particulate of partially pyrolyzed carbon (PPC) base is formed on heating a carbon-containing feed material and a nucleating agent in the form of a interactive filler is included. The nucleating agent is adhered together to the PPC particles by application of heat. The material is molded into a shape, voids in the material are collapsed and the resulting carbon alloy is cooled | 06-07-2012 |
| 044606000 | Wood, sawdust or paper | 11 |
| 20110265373 | ROTARY TORREFACTION REACTOR - A device includes a rotary drum and a fluid conduit. The rotary drum has a horizontal rotation axis and the drum has a sealed inlet end and a sealed outlet end. The drum is configured to receive biomass proximate the inlet end and has a discharge port proximate an outlet end. The fluid conduit is disposed along an inner surface of the drum. The fluid conduit is configured to carry heated fluid and has a coupling external to the drum. | 11-03-2011 |
| 20090007484 | APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR CONVERTING BIOMASS FEED MATERIALS INTO REUSABLE CARBONACEOUS AND HYDROCARBON PRODUCTS - Apparatus and process for producing carbonaceous materials and/or hydrocarbon materials from a biomass feed composition, the apparatus including a feed port; a thermal decomposition assembly including a ribbonchannel reactor which includes an inner heated hollow cylinder; an outer heated hollow cylinder, one of which is rotatable with respect to the other, both heated hollow cylinders providing heat to the feed composition to convert it to a vapor fraction and a solid residue fraction; low height flighting mounted with respect to the inner and outer heated hollow cylinders to move the feed composition through the thermal decomposition assembly; at least one vapor port for removing the vapor fraction containing a hydrocarbon material; and at least one solids port for removing the solid fraction, containing a carbonaceous material. | 01-08-2009 |
| 20110056126 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HIGH VALUE PRODUCTS FROM BIOMASS - A process for converting biomass into high value energy products is provided comprising the steps of: debarking, chipping, and screening wood; separating a plurality of hemicellulose from a plurality of cellulose and lignin; hydrolyzing the plurality of hemicellulose into monosaccharides; fermenting the monosaccharides using immobilized | 03-10-2011 |
| 20110314728 | Method of Simultaneously Drying Coal and Torrefying Biomass - A process for simultaneously drying coal and/or torrefying biomass is provided in which coal and/or biomass are passed into a fluidized bed reactor and heated to a predetermined temperature. The dried coal and/or biomass is then fed to a cooler where the temperature of the product is reduced to approximately 200 degrees Fahrenheit and water is added to further passivate the coal. | 12-29-2011 |
| 20120042567 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE TORREFACTION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL - A method for torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass using a torrefaction reactor vessel having stacked trays, the method including: continuously feeding the biomass to an upper inlet of the torrefaction reactor vessel such that the biomass material is deposited on an upper tray of a plurality of trays stacked vertically within the reactor; as the biomass moves across an upper surface of each of the trays, heating and drying the biomass material with a gas injected into the vessel, wherein the gas is substantially non-oxidizing of the biomass, is under a pressure of at least 20 bar gauge and at a temperature of at least 200° C.; cascading the biomass down through the trays by passing the biomass through an opening in each of the trays to deposit the biomass on a lower tray; discharging torrefied biomass from a lower outlet of the torrefaction reactor vessel, and circulating gas extracted from a lower elevation of the reactor vessel to an upper region of the reactor vessel. | 02-23-2012 |
| 20120017499 | Torrefaction Systems and Methods Including Catalytic Oxidation and/or Reuse of Combustion Gases Directly in a Torrefaction Reactor, Cooler, and/or Dryer/Preheater - Disclosed herein are example embodiments of torrefaction systems and methods for producing torrefied products from biomass. Exemplary embodiments include catalytic oxidation and/or reuse of the resultant combustion gases directly in a torrefaction reactor, a cooler, and/or a dryer/preheater. | 01-26-2012 |
| 20110179701 | Torrefaction of ligno-cellulosic biomasses and mixtures - A method of treating a biomass material to produce a fuel comprising the steps of preheating the biomass material to a temperature ranging from about 80° C. to about 100° C. and drying the biomass material until the biomass material has a maximum water content of no more than 3%. Microwave radiation is applied to the pre-dried biomass material in a range of 3.0 to 8.0 GHz to heat the biomass material to a temperature ranging from about 230° C. to about 280° C. resulting in torrefaction of the biomass material. The biomass material is then cooled. | 07-28-2011 |
| 20100325947 | METHOD FOR SEPARATING LIGNIN FROM BLACK LIQUOR, A LIGNIN PRODUCT, AND USE OF A LIGNIN PRODUCT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUELS OR MATERIALS - The method is for controlling a sodium and sulphur balance of a pulp mill while separating lignin from black liquor. Lignin is precipitated by using an acid followed by filtration. The lignin filter cake thus obtained is re-suspended in acidic liquid and dewatered to form a second cake. The filtrate obtained after dewatering of the second cake is returned for washing and suspension of the first cake. Sodium sulphate-rich ESP (electrostatic precipitator) dust produced in the recovery boiler is used in the washing of the precipitated lignin cake. | 12-30-2010 |
| 20110219680 | EQUIPMENT AND A METHOD FOR GENERATING BIOFUEL BASED ON RAPID PYROLYSIS OF BIOMASS - Equipment and a process to produce biofuel by fast pyrolysis of organic material, comprising a system of three interconnected serial fluidized bed reactors: a fast pyrolysis reactor located inside another reactor wherein charcoal is burned; a combustion reactor that burns the charcoal generated in the fast pyrolysis reactor; and a preheating reactor to preheat inert particulate material. The equipment also includes a pneumatic recycling system for inert particulate material. | 09-15-2011 |
| 20120079762 | Continuously Converting Biomass - The invention relates to a device ( | 04-05-2012 |
| 20120137576 | METHOD AND PLANT FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF ORGANIC MATTER IN ORDER TO PRODUCE CHARCHOAL OR CHAR - The organic matter carbonization process is based on thermal treatment at high temperatures, under a controlled atmosphere, if possible in the absence of oxygen. The organic matter carbonization theory was expounded in this text, with emphasis on the thermodynamic aspects. It is shown in this exposition the important misfit between the endothermic and the exothermic carbonization stages, which hinders the use of the energy emitted during the exothermic stage by the brick kilns. Following there is a summary of the carbonization technique actual stage. The present invention relates to a method and plant for the thermal treatment of organic matter comprising independent reactors for the drying and pyrolysis of organic matter, and an independent reactor for the charcoal cooling. In this method the volatile products—non condensable gases and condensable pyrolytic vapors—are burned in an independent combustion chamber in order to supply the energy demanded by the process. In this way wood is not burned, and polluting substances are not emitted to the atmosphere. The method proposed by the present invention allows a precise control of the process in order to obtain the specified charcoal fixed carbon content; and a higher gravimetric yield, which gives an increase of the forest wood, either native or cultivated. In the independent pyrolysis and drying reactors proposed by the present invention, exiting flue gases from an external combustion chamber are driven to the drying reactor where the wood onto roll on buckets are heated and dried. Fuel gases emitted by the carbonizing wood are burned in the combustion chamber as an energy source. Inside the combustion chamber is placed a heat exchanger with the aim to reheat the pyrolytic gases. After reheated, these gases return to the carbonizing reactor in order to supply energy for the endothermic carbonizing step. The aim of this technique is to avoid the mixing of the fuel gases with the flue gases generated inside the combustion chamber, and to precisely control the carbonizing temperature. The present invention allows the production of intermediate products between wet wood and charcoal by halting the carbonization process at the desired stage in order to obtain anhydrous wood, char or, or high volatile content charcoal. The basic concepts of the process are: 1—Utilization of the emitted gases by the carbonizing wood as an energy source. 2—The stages of wood drying, wood pyrolysis and charcoal cooling are performed in independent reactors, inside which only one of these stages occurs. 3—Energy supply during the carbonizing endothermic stage of the pyrolysis by the gases emitted during this stage after reheated in a heat exchanger. Basically the present invention comprises the following equipments: 1—Reaction chambers inside which the process stages are performed. 2—An external combustion chamber. 3—A heat exchanger inside said combustion chamber. 4—A set of pipes. 5—A set of fans. 6—A loading system comprising roll on buckets. | 06-07-2012 |
