STICHTING ENERGIEONDERZOEK CENTRUM NEDERLAND Patent applications |
Patent application number | Title | Published |
20160024712 | PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS - Lignocellulosic biomass can be fractionated for the purpose of increasing cellulose purity in the pulp, increasing native lignin content of the isolated lignin, and improving cellulose hydrolysis, by performing the steps of: (a) extracting the biomass with an extracting liquid comprising at least 20 wt % of a first organic solvent at a temperature below 100° C.; (b) treating the extracted biomass with a treatment liquid comprising a second organic solvent selected from lower alcohols, ethers and ketones, optionally water and optionally an acid, at a temperature between 120° C. and 280° C., and, optionally: (c) subjecting a cellulose-enriched product stream resulting from step (b) to enzymatic hydrolysis. The first and second organic solvent may be different or the same; in particular they comprise ethanol or acetone. | 01-28-2016 |
20150329889 | PROCESS FOR ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF CELLULOSE - Cellulose from lignocellulosic biomass which also contains protein, such as grasses and straws, can be enzymatically converted to valuable products such as glucose at lower enzyme consumption by: (a) extracting the biomass with water at 15-75° C. to produce an extracted biomass and a protein-containing aqueous extract; (b) mechanically, chemically and/or thermally pretreating cellulose-containing-biomass, in particular by organosolv treatment; and (c) contacting biomass pretreated in step (b) with: (i) an enzyme capable of hydrolysing cellulose; and (ii) the protein-containing aqueous extract obtained in step (a). | 11-19-2015 |
20150218472 | POLYSILOXANE SCRUBBING LIQUID FOR REMOVING TAR-LIKE COMPOUNDS - Tar-like components can be removed from gas streams resulting from gasification of coal, waste or biomass by contacting the gas with a liquid organic aryl polysiloxane. The polysiloxane preferably contains alkyl groups and aryl groups, and is in particular a polymethyl polyphenyl polysiloxane. The gas comprises one or more of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane. | 08-06-2015 |
20150217240 | MEMBRANES FOR DEWATERING ACID MIXTURES - The invention provides a membrane suitable for dewatering acidic mixtures, comprising a bridged organosilica directly applied on a macroporous support in the absence of an intermediate mesoporous or finer layer. The bridged organic silica comprises divalent C | 08-06-2015 |
20150014595 | WATER GAS SHIFT PROCESS - High-pressure steam supply in hydrogen production process is made more efficient by water gas shift process which comprises, in alternating sequence: (a) a reaction stage wherein a feed gas comprising CO and H | 01-15-2015 |
20140326289 | PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH A PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL ASSEMBLY - A method a photovoltaic cell assembly comprising a first and second photovoltaic cell is manufactured using an electrically conducting connection strip having a first and second lip integrally formed in or extending from the connection strip, a width of the first and second lip being smaller than a width of the strip. The lips are preferably bonded to the contact pads on a side of the cell at which the connection strip is located. Ultrasonic bonding of the first and second lip to the contact pads of the first and second photo-voltaic cell respectively. | 11-06-2014 |
20140311555 | ENCAPSULATION FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE - A photovoltaic module comprising a photovoltaic layer ( | 10-23-2014 |
20140299186 | INTERDIGITATED BACK CONTACT PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL WITH FLOATING FRONT SURFACE EMITTER REGIONS - A photo-voltaic cell with semiconductor substrate having a first conductivity type has a first pattern of base and emitter surface regions on the back surface, the base and emitter surface regions being coupled to first and second output terminals respectively. A second pattern of first and second further surface regions on the front surface, electrically floating with respect to the first and second output terminals. The first and second further surface regions have the first and second conductivity type respectively. The first and second further surface regions at least partly overlap the emitter and base regions respectively, when seen in a projection along a direction perpendicular to the first surface. | 10-09-2014 |
20140166102 | PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL - A photo-voltaic cell has a first and second two-dimensional array of contact points on the first surface, each coupled to a respective one of base and emitter areas in or on the semi-conductor body. Electrically separate first and second conductor structures on the first surface emanate from each contact point, coupled to contact points of the first and second two-dimensional array respectively. The first conductor structure comprises sets of first conductor line branches, the first conductor line branches of each set branching out from a respective one of the contact points of the first two-dimensional array in at least three successive different directions at less than a hundred and eighty degrees to each other. The second conductor structure comprise second conductor line branches in at least three different directions in areas between respective pairs of adjacent non-parallel ones of the first conductor line branches, each second conductor line branch coupled at least to a respective one of the contact points of the second two-dimensional array. | 06-19-2014 |
20140137934 | PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH A CELL - A fire through conductor paste is applied as a plurality of mutually separate islands on a dielectric layer on a semi-conductor body of a photo-voltaic cell. A connecting structure of a further conductor paste is applied connecting the islands, at least on the dielectric layer between locations of the islands, so that the islands are connected by the connecting structure. Different compositions are used for the fire through conductor paste and the further conductor paste, which behave differently during firing. The fire through conductor paste and the further conductor paste are fired under process conditions wherein the fire through conductor paste fires through the dielectric layer and the further conductor paste does not fire through the dielectric layer. In this way the fire through metal paste establishes electric contact through the dielectric layer between the semi-conductor body and a structure formed from the further conductor paste. | 05-22-2014 |
20140014490 | HEAT INTEGRATED DISTILLATION COLUMN USING STRUCTURED HEAT EXCHANGER - Heat integrated distillation column for separating components in a fluid mixture. The heat integrated distillation fluid column is provided with a stripper part (S), a rectifier part (R) and a compressor ( | 01-16-2014 |
20140008207 | HEAT INTEGRATED DISTILLATION COLUMN USING STRUCTURED PACKING - Heat integrated distillation column for separating components in a fluid mixture. The heat integrated distillation column is provided with a stripper part (S), a rectifier part (R) and a compressor ( | 01-09-2014 |
20130323162 | MEMBRANE REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A GASEOUS PRODUCT WITH SUCH REACTOR - The invention provides an integrated catalyst and membrane reactor for the production a predetermined gas such as hydrogen. The reactor comprises a gas flow channel, comprising a plurality of alternating catalyst sections and membrane sections, wherein each catalyst section comprises a catalyst bed and each membrane section comprises a plurality of membranes, and wherein the membranes are selectively permeable for the predetermined gaseous species. | 12-05-2013 |
20130302241 | CATALYST FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION - The invention provides a catalyst for the production of hydrogen by steam reforming. The catalyst is a porous catalyst which is based on at least aluminium oxide and preferably magnesium oxide, and further comprises boron and nickel. The porous catalyst comprises pores having an average pore size in the range of 0.1-50 nm. The activity of the catalyst may be further enhanced by addition of a noble metal such as Rh, Ru, Pd, Ir or Pt. The catalyst can be broadly used in hydrogen production processes, and is especially suitable for reforming using a membrane which is selective for a predetermined reaction product. Such process can be operated at relatively low temperatures of about 450-700° C. | 11-14-2013 |
20130206226 | Back Contacted Photovoltaic Cell with an Improved Shunt Resistance - The invention relates to a photovoltaic cell, comprising a plate shaped substrate of a semiconductor material with a solar face and a connection face, a first volume of the substrate adjacent to the solar face is doted with a first polarity, the second volume is doted with a second polarity and the volumes are separated by a pn-junction, a number of apertures in the substrate extending between both faces and in which a plug has been positioned of which a part is conducting, contact tracks at the solar face of the substrate connected with the first volume and the conducting part of the plug, first contacts at the connection face of the substrate connected with the conducting part of the plug and second contacts located at the connection face of the substrate connected with the second volume, wherein the specific electrical conductivity of the plug decreases from its centre to the contact face with the substrate. | 08-15-2013 |
20130194669 | NANOPARTICLE ANTIREFLECTION LAYER - A thin-film broadband antireflection layer for use with an optical element or an optoelectronic device is described, wherein the thin-film broadband antireflection layer comprises: at least a thin-film dielectric layer; and, at least one array of nanoparticles disposed onto or in said thin-film dielectric layer, wherein the dielectric constant of said nanoparticles is substantially distinct from distinct from the dielectric constant of said dielectric layer. | 08-01-2013 |
20130152786 | SEEDING METHOD FOR DEPOSIT OF THIN SELECTIVE MEMBRANE LAYERS - A process of producing transition metal-based membranes or other layers on a porous support is provided. The layers are suitable for hydrogen separation, oxygen separation, or protective or decorative purpose sand are produced by pretreating the porous support by coating with a solution of a transition metal salt, drying the seeded support, reducing the transition metal salt to transition metal metal, and electroless plating with a complex of a transition metal (palladium, silver or other)and optionally other metals. The membranes can be tubular with a transition metal layer of 1-10 μm on its outside. | 06-20-2013 |
20130126432 | ORGANOPHILIC POLYSILSESQUIOXANE MEMBRANES FOR SOLVENT NANOFILTRATION AND PERVAPORATION - Selective retaining a relatively hydrophilic molecule from a mixture of a relatively hydrophobic molecule and the relatively hydrophilic molecule can be achieved using a hydrophobic, microporous hybrid membrane based on silica, wherein at least 25% of the silicon atoms is bound to a bridging C | 05-23-2013 |
20130125976 | Solar cell and method of manufacturing such a solar cell - The invention relates to a solar cell ( | 05-23-2013 |
20130075244 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE TORREFACTION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL - A method for torrefaction of biomass using a torrefaction reactor vessel having stacked trays including: feeding the biomass to an upper inlet of the vessel; cascading the biomass down through the trays by passing the biomass through an opening in each of the trays to deposit the biomass on a lower tray; heating the biomass material with an oxygen deprived gas; extracting moisture from below each of the upper trays; as the biomass undergoes torrefaction in the lower trays retaining the gas with the biomass until the biomass falls from the stacked trays to a pile of biomass in the reactor vessel; exhausting gases containing organic compounds through a gas outlet at an elevation between the stacked trays and the pile of biomass, and discharging torrefied biomass from the torrefaction reactor vessel. | 03-28-2013 |
20130008501 | METHOD OF FABRICATION OF A BACK-CONTACTED PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL, AND BACK-CONTACTED PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL MADE BY SUCH A METHOD. - A method for manufacturing a solar ceil from a silicon semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type, the substrate having a front and a rear surface; and
| 01-10-2013 |
20120312365 | SOLAR CELL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING OF SUCH A SOLAR CELL - A solar cell includes a silicon semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type. The substrate has a front surface and a rear surface, of which the front surface is arranged for capturing radiation energy. The rear surface includes a plurality of first electric contacts and a plurality of second electric contacts. The first and second electric contacts are arranged in alternation adjacent to each other. Each first electric contact is a heterostructure of a first type as contact for minority charge carriers, and the front surface of the silicon semiconductor substrate includes a highly doped silicon front surface field layer. The conductivity of the front surface field layer is the first conductivity type. | 12-13-2012 |
20120301999 | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING AN AMORPHOUS/CRYSTALLINE SILICON HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR CELL - A method for manufacturing a solar cell includes
| 11-29-2012 |
20120298175 | SOLAR PANEL MODULE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A SOLAR PANEL MODULE - A solar panel module includes a transparent carrier and semi-conductor substrate portions that have a front surface and a rear surface. The front surface is arranged for capturing radiation energy. The semiconductor substrate portions are arranged adjacent to each other on the transparent carrier and are separated from each other by a groove. Each semiconductor substrate portion is attached with the front surface to the transparent carrier. Each groove includes a side wall of each of the adjacent semiconductor substrate portions. The front surface of each semiconductor substrate portion is provided with a doped layer of a first conductivity type. Each semiconductor substrate portion includes a first electric contact for minority charge carriers and a second electric contact for majority charge carriers in the semiconductor substrate portion. The first electric contact is arranged on at least the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate portion as a heterostructure of a first type. The hetero junction of the first type includes an intrinsic semiconductor layer on the semiconductor substrate portion and a semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type, opposite to the first conductivity type, on top of the intrinsic semiconductor layer. | 11-29-2012 |
20120273022 | SOLAR CELL AND ASSEMBLY OF A PLURALITY OF SOLAR CELLS - The invention relates to a solar cell ( | 11-01-2012 |
20120181667 | SOLAR CELL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A SOLAR CELL - A method for manufacturing a solar cell from a semiconductor substrate ( | 07-19-2012 |
20120011917 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING STRAIN - A device for measuring strain on a surface of an object ( | 01-19-2012 |
20110229789 | SOFC STACK WITH CORRUGATED SEPARATOR PLATE - SOFC cell unit in which a separator plate provided with a corrugation is fitted and bears directly against the anode and cathode, respectively. Anode gas and cathode gas preferably move in the same direction and anode gas is supplied from a number of anode gas supply openings extending through a cell stack. These openings are situated on the side parallel to the direction of the ducts formed by the corrugation. Cathode gas can be fed directly into the corrugation. In this way, it is possible to produce a highly efficient cell and an associated compact cell stack in a simple manner. | 09-22-2011 |
20110229300 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR INDIVIDUAL PITCH CONTROL IN WIND TURBINES - In a method for blade load reduction control of a rotor of a wind turbine, the rotor includes a plurality of blades, and a pitch angle of each blade is controllable by an actuator. The method includes measuring mechanical load parameters on the rotor, providing control for a collective pitch blade setting based on a rotor speed; providing individual pitch control including transforming the mechanical load parameters from a rotational reference frame to a mechanical load on the rotor in a fixed reference frame; determining from the mechanical load two multi-blade pitches; correcting the multi-blade pitches to corrected multi-blade pitches using actuator limitations; inversely transforming the corrected multi-blade pitches to an individual pitch deviation for each blade in the rotational reference frame; adding up for each blade, the individual pitch deviation to the collective pitch to form an individual pitch; and setting each blade to the respective individual pitch. | 09-22-2011 |
20110186126 | REVERSED DYE-SENSITIZED PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL - The invention provides a solar cell or photovoltaic element | 08-04-2011 |
20110158877 | METHOD FOR THE DECOMPOSITION OF N2O, CATALYST FOR IT, AND THE PREPARATION OF THIS CATALYST - A method for the catalytic decomposition of N | 06-30-2011 |
20110127169 | ELECTRODE FOR FIXED OXIDE REACTOR AND FIXED OXIDE REACTOR - A solid oxide reactor provided with an electrode structure comprising a first electrode, a second electrode ( | 06-02-2011 |
20110018268 | WIND TURBINE AND ROTOR BLADE WITH REDUCED LOAD FLUCTUATIONS - A wind turbine includes a rotor having a number of rotor blades. At least one rotor blade has openings. The rotor blade has air-displacement elements which, in use, alternately force air out of and into the openings. A sensor is provided for detecting wind speed fluctuations. A control unit is provided for controlling the air-displacement elements depending on the wind speed fluctuations detected by the sensor. The rotor blade has an aerodynamic profile with a suction side and a pressure side. At least one opening is provided on the suction side. The control unit is designed for operating the air-displacement elements of the opening on the suction side if the sensor has detected a positive speed fluctuation. At least one opening is provided on the pressure side. The control unit is designed for operating the air-displacement element of the opening on the pressure side if the sensor has detected a negative speed fluctuation. | 01-27-2011 |
20110000530 | METHOD OF FABRICATION OF A BACK-CONTACTED PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL, AND BACK-CONTACTED PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL MADE BY SUCH A METHOD - A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic cell, includes:
| 01-06-2011 |
20100319771 | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING CRYSTALLINE SILICON SOLAR CELLS USING CO DIFFUSION OF BORON AND PHOSPHORUS - A method of manufacturing a crystalline silicon solar cell, subsequently including:
| 12-23-2010 |
20100236459 | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE FOSSIL FUEL CONTENT IN A FUEL STREAM, AS WELL AS AN INCINERATION FURNACE - Method and device for determining the fossil fuel content in a fuel stream fed to an incineration furnace. According to the method, the waste gas is sampled and the amount of “new” and “old” carbon present in the CO | 09-23-2010 |
20100143208 | DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A PRODUCT GAS FROM A FUEL, SUCH AS BIOMASS - A device for producing a product gas from a fuel, such as biomass, comprises a reactor which is delimited by a base and reactor walls. The reactor walls comprise a peripheral wall and an upper wall. The reactor comprises a supply opening for the supplying of biomass, as well as at least one riser for chemically converting the biomass supplied to a product gas and a solid. The riser is provided inside the peripheral wall and comprises an upper end and a tower end. The reactor furthermore has a discharge opening for discharging the product gas. The riser is attached to at least one reactor wall. The lower end of the riser is at a distance above at least one section of the base which is underneath it and is freely movable under the effect of thermal expansion. | 06-10-2010 |
20100044642 | REACTOR DEVICE, AND A METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT A REACTION WITH HYDROGEN AS REACTION PRODUCT - A reactor device comprises a reaction chamber for carrying out a reaction with hydrogen (H2) as reaction product. The reactor device comprises a combustion chamber, and a hydrogen-permeable membrane, which is provided between the reaction chamber and the combustion chamber. A supply channel is provided in the combustion chamber. The supply channel is designed, for example, as a tubular supply line. The supply channel is provided with lateral supply apertures for supplying a fluid containing oxygen (O2), such as air, to the combustion chamber. | 02-25-2010 |
20090293948 | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING AN AMORPHOUS/CRYSTALLINE SILICON HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR CELL - A method for manufacturing a solar cell includes
| 12-03-2009 |
20090246114 | MICROPOROUS MOLECULAR SEPARATION MEMBRANE WITH HIGH HYDROTHERMAL STABILITY - A hydrothermally stable, microporous organic-inorganic hybrid membrane based on silica, having an mean pore diameter of between 0.2 and 1.5 nm, is characterised in that between 5 and 40 mole % of the Si—O—Si bonds have been replaced by moieties having the one of the formulas: Si—{[C | 10-01-2009 |
20090205702 | Solar panel and associated method - Module for a solar panel, comprising a glass plate and a monolithic solar cell, wherein the monolithic solar cell is joined to the glass plate. A glass frit layer is located between the solar cell and the glass plate and forms the join between a surface of the glass plate and a photoactive surface of the solar cell. | 08-20-2009 |
20080283120 | Method of Manufacturing N-Type Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells - The invention provides solar cells and methods of manufacturing solar cells having a Hetero-junction with Intrinsic Thin-layer (HIT) structure using an n-type multicrystalline silicon substrate. An n-type multicrystalline silicon substrate is subjected to a phosphorus diffusion step using a relatively high temperature. The front side diffusion layer is then removed. As a next step, a p-type silicon thin film is deposited at the front side of the substrate. This sequence avoids heating the p-type silicon thin film above its deposition temperature, and maintains the quality of the p-type silicon thin film. | 11-20-2008 |
20080198382 | Method And Assembly For Determining Soot Particles In A Gas Stream - Method and assembly for determining the presence of soot particles in a gas stream such as in the air. To prevent the disturbing effect of salts and the like that may be deposited on soot particles, it is proposed to introduce the soot particles into water as a suspension. The salts concerned dissolve in the water and have no effect when determining the change in optical properties resulting from the presence of the soot particles. This determination comprises in particular a light transmittance measurement. The presence of the soot particles can be determined after the gas stream is first passed through a filter, as a result of which a particle size distribution can be determined. | 08-21-2008 |
20080196306 | Device For Producing a Product Gas From Biomass - A device for producing a product gas from biomass includes a reactor which is delimited by a base part and reactor walls. The reactor walls include a circumferential wall and an upper wall. The reactor includes a supply opening for the supplying of biomass, and also at least one riser for the chemical conversion of supplied biomass to a product gas and a solid substance. The riser is attached within the circumferential wall and includes an upper end and a lower end. The reactor also has a discharge opening for the discharging of the product gas. The riser is fastened to at least one reactor wall. The base wall of the reactor has a through-opening through which the lower end of the riser movably extends. | 08-21-2008 |