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POSCO

POSCO Patent applications
Patent application numberTitlePublished
20130122320Martensitic Stainless Steel and Production Method Therefor - A martensitic stainless steel for use in tableware, knives, scissors and the like, containing in % by weight, 0.10 to 0.50% carbon and 11 to 16% chromium, and a production method therefore. A production method for mid-carbon martensitic stainless steel in a strip-casting device comprising a pair of rolls rotating in opposite directions, edge dams respectively provided to both sides of the rolls so as to form a molten steel pool, and a meniscus shield for supplying inert nitrogen gas to the upper surface of the molten steel pool, wherein a stainless-steel thin sheet is produced by supplying a molten stainless steel of the above composition to the molten steel pool via a nozzle from a tundish, and a hot-rolled annealed strip is produced to a rolling reduction of 5 to 40% using in-line rollers, and relates to martensitic stainless steel produced by the production method05-16-2013
20130098209Method for Treating Return Ores Using Plasma - A method and an apparatus for treating return ores using plasma, capable of treating sintered return ores generated in a sintering process in a steel maker or return ores (iron ores) employed in other ironmaking process such as FINEX. The method of treating return ores using plasma includes: providing return ores sorted out by a sorting process; and bonding the return ores by fusing and agglomerating the return ores using plasma. Also, an apparatus for treating return ores using plasma includes a plasma heating device used to fuse and agglomerate sorted return ores. The return ores of a predetermined grain size are fusion-bonded and agglomerated using a flame of a plasma heating device. Particularly, the return ores can be treated in a massive amount to enhance productivity of a fusion-bonding process of the return ores. Furthermore, a great amount of sintered return ores generated in the sintering process can be subjected to a fewer number of re-treatment processes.04-25-2013
20130087670DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING MOLTEN METAL CONTAINER - A device for supporting a molten metal container is provided, wherein the device has first and second support units for supporting the weight of the molten metal container in connection with a ring member, taken alone or in combination according to a rotary position. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the device for supporting the molten metal container comprises: a ring member which encloses the outside of a rotatable molten metal container; and first and second support units which are configured to support the weight of said molten metal container in connection with said ring member, taken alone or in combination according to a rotary position of said molten metal container.04-11-2013
20130084785DESCALING APPARATUS - Provided is a descaling device for effectively removing scale formed on a surface of a hot-rolled steel strip (steel sheet). The descaling device, for example, may be configured to include: a device housing disposed in a feed path of a hot-rolled steel strip, a high-pressure fluid supply unit provided to supply a high-pressure fluid to the device housing, an abrasive input unit provided to introduce an abrasive to the device housing, and an abrasive slurry spraying unit provided in the device housing to spray an abrasive slurry of the high-pressure fluid and the abrasive mixed inside the device housing on the steel strip.04-04-2013
20120321501High-Carbon Martensitic Stainless Steel and Production Method Therefor - The present invention relates to a production method for high-carbon martensitic stainless steel as used in razorblades, knives and the like, which contains, as percentages by weight, 0.40 to 0.80% carbon and 11 to 16% chromium as main components. Provided is a production method for high-carbon martensitic stainless steel in a strip-casting device, wherein a stainless-steel thin sheet is cast by supplying a stainless molten steel containing, as percentages by weight, 0.40 to 0.80% carbon and from 11 to 16% chromium to a molten steel pool from a tundish via a nozzle, and the cast stainless-steel thin sheet is made into a hot-rolled annealed strip using in-line rollers to a rolling reduction of 5 to 40% immediately just after the casting so that the size of primary carbides within the microstructure of the hot-rolled annealed strip is 10 μm or less, and also provided is martensitic stainless steel produced by means of the production method. By reducing the size of the primary carbides formed in the cast structure and the hot-rolled sheet to 10 μm or less, the present invention produces high-carbon martensitic stainless steel having outstanding blade-end quality for use in cutting implements.12-20-2012
20120291510HOT PRESS FORMING PROCESS OF PLATED STEEL AND HOT PRESS FORMED ARTICLES USING THE SAME - Disclosed are a hot press forming method and a product formed using the hot press forming method, able to process a plated steel blank under appropriate heat treatment conditions to prevent the volatilization of a plated layer and the formation of oxidized scale, and which divisionally heats the plated steel blank in a secondary heating process to provide different strengths and physical properties to the product. The hot press forming method includes primarily and entirely heating the plated steel material to a predetermined temperature and maintaining the plated steel material at the predetermined temperature, secondarily and rapidly heating at least one portion of the plated steel material after the high temperature maintenance of the plated steel material, and performing a hot press forming and cooling process on the secondarily heated plated steel material.11-22-2012
20120288550Surface Treatment Method for a Substrate Using Denatured Urushiol Derived from Toxicodendron Vernicifluum - A method of treating a surface of a substrate using modified urushiol derived from 11-15-2012
20120288396AUSTENITE STEEL MATERIAL HAVING SUPERIOR DUCTILITY - Provided is an austenite steel having excellent ductility including 8 wt % to 15 wt % of manganese (Mn), 3 wt % or less (excluding 0 wt %) of copper (Cu), a content of carbon (C) satisfying relationships of 33.5C+Mn≧25 and 33.5C−Mn≦23, and iron (Fe) as well as unavoidable impurities as a remainder. According to an aspect, austenite is stabilized and generation of carbides in a network form at austenite grain boundaries is inhibited by adding copper (Cu) favorable to inhibition of carbide formation with respect to manganese and appropriately controlling contents of carbon and manganese, and thus, high economic efficiency may also be achieved while ductility and wear resistance are improved.11-15-2012
20120282394Composite Ceramic Material and Method for Manufacturing the Same - Provided is a composite ceramic material for a fuel cell and a method for manufacturing the same. The composite ceramic material for the fuel cell forms a cored structure where perovskite ceramic particles having a small particle diameter surround lanthanum cobaltite particles having a large particle diameter, and lanthanum cobaltite is added as a starting material in a process of synthesizing the perovskite ceramic particles to be synthesized. The composite ceramic material for the fuel cell described herein improves an electric connection characteristic between a separation plate and a polar plate of the fuel cell, and is chemically and mechanically stable.11-08-2012
20120273459STRIP PASSING APPARATUS, APPARATUS FOR TREATING SURFACE OF STRIP WITH THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR TREATING SURFACE OF STRIP - A passing apparatus includes: upper and lower sealing rolls dealing with variations in a thickness of a proceeding strip, the upper and lower sealing rolls allowing the strip to pass; and a strip sealing unit dealing with variations in a width of the proceeding strip, the strip sealing unit cooperating with the upper and lower sealing rolls to seal the proceeding strip passing through a chamber in a state in which the strip sealing unit surrounds the proceeding strip.11-01-2012
20120267015Non-Oriented Electrical Steel Sheet Having Superior Magnetic Properties and a Production Method Therefor - Provided are: a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having outstanding magnetic properties and comprising, as percentages by weight, from 1.0 to 3.0% of Al, from 0.5 to 2.5% of Si, from 0.5 to 2.0% of Mn, from 0.001 to 0.004% of N, from 0.0005 to 0.004% of S and a balance of Fe and other unavoidably incorporated impurities, wherein the Al, Mn, N and S are included so as to satisfy the compositional formulae {[Al]+[Mn]}≦3.5, 0.002≦{[N]+[S]}≦0.006, 300≦{([Al]+[Mn])/([N]+[S])}≦1,400; and a production method therefor. By optimising the Al, Si, Mn, N and S added components in this way, the distribution density of coarse inclusions is increased, thereby making it possible to improve crystal-grain growth properties and domain wall mobility and so produce the highest grade of non-oriented electrical steel sheet having superior magnetic properties, low hardness, and superior customer workability and productivity.10-25-2012
20120267012ZINC-PLATED STEEL SHEET FOR HOT PRESSING HAVING OUTSTANDING SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS, HOT-PRESSED MOULDED PARTS OBTAINED USING THE SAME, AND A PRODUCTION METHOD FOR THE SAME - Provided is a zinc-plated steel sheet for hot pressing having outstanding surface characteristics, comprising: a steel foundation plate comprising a metal surface diffusion layer of which the Gibbs free energy reduction per mole of oxygen during oxidation is less than that of Cr; an aluminum-rich layer containing at least 30 wt. % of aluminium formed on the surface diffusion layer, and a zinc plating layer formed on the aluminum-rich layer. In this way, a metal having a low affinity for oxygen is coated to an effective thickness prior to annealing and thus the creation of annealing oxides at the surface of the steel sheet is suppressed and a uniform zinc plating layer is formed, and alloying of the zinc plating layer is promoted during press-processing heat treatment. Cracking in the steel foundation plate during hot press molding is prevented.10-25-2012
20120263966Resin Composition for Pre-Coated Steel Sheet Having Excellent Welding Properties, Workability and Corrosion Resistance, and a Production Method for Pre-Coated Steel Sheet and Steel Sheet Using the Same - A resin composition for a pre-coated steel sheet having excellent welding properties, corrosion resistance and workability, a method of producing a pre-coated steel sheet using the same, and a pre-coated steel sheet are provided. More particularly, a metal resin composition for coating a film is provided. The composition includes a subject resin, a curing agent, and at least one kind of metal powder selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Ti, Cu, Al, Zn, Sn and Fe10-18-2012
20120258324Radiation Curable Resin Composition, and Fingerprint-Resistant Resin Composition Containing Same - A radiation-curable base resin composition and a fingerprint-resistant resin composition including the same are provided. The radiation-curable base resin composition includes a multifunctional urethane (meth)acrylate having three or more functional groups at 3 to 35 parts by weight, a bifunctional urethane (meth)acrylate at 3 to 35 parts by weight, at least one (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer selected from a monofunctional (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer and a multifunctional (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer at 20 to 60 parts by weight and a radiation polymerization initiator at 0.1 to 15 parts by weight.10-11-2012
20120237390Martensitic Stainless Steel Produced by a Twin Roll Strip Casting Process and Method for Manufacturing Same - Provided is a martensitic stainless steel produced by a twin roll strip casting process and a method for manufacturing the same, wherein the hot rolled steel has superior crack resistance. The martensitic stainless hot rolled steel sheet comprises, by weight %, C:0.1 to 1.5%, Cr:12 to 15%, Ni:1% or lower, Ti:0.005 to 0.1%, and the balance Fe and unavoidably added impurities, and wherein a primary chrome carbide precipitated at a grain boundary is fragmented and refined. Provided is a high hardness martensitic stainless cold rolled steel sheet manufactured by annealing and cold rolling the hot rolled steel sheet, and a method for manufacturing the same. A twin roll strip casting process is applied, and grain boundary strengthening elements are added to prevent center segregation, crack and strip breakage during casting, thereby ensuring the stability of the casting process.09-20-2012
20120235314Apparatus and Method for Controlling Horizontal Oscillation of an Edge Dam of a Twin Roll Strip Caster - An apparatus and method for controlling the horizontal oscillation of an edge dam of a twin roll strip caster is provided. The apparatus includes an oscillation unit which horizontally oscillates an oscillation plate in accordance with an oscillation waveform so that an edge dam refractory coupled to the oscillation plate horizontally oscillates, a servo valve which outputs the oscillation waveform to the oscillation unit, and a control unit which applies the oscillation waveform to the servo valve, thus controlling the horizontal oscillation of the oscillation unit. The amplitude, frequency and waveform of the oscillation are variably controlled depending on casting conditions. The edge dam horizontally oscillates, using the servo valve and a hydraulic cylinder, thus rapidly removing edge skull and suppressing the generation and growth of skull, thereby preventing a casting roll or edge dam from being damaged.09-20-2012
20120227872ULTRA-HIGH-STRENGTH STEEL WIRE HAVING EXCELLENT RESISTANCE TO DELAYED FRACTURE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF - An ultra-high-strength steel wire rod having excellent resistance to delayed fracture includes, by wt %, 0.7-1.2% C, 0.25-0.5% Si, 0.5-0.8% Mn, 0.02-0.1% V and a balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The method includes the steps of heating the above steel composition to 1100° C. or lower and hot rolling at a temperature of 900-1000° C., followed by cooling to 600-650° C. at a prescribed rate, followed by cold drawing at a reduction ratio of 60-80%.09-13-2012
20120222786Manufacturing Method of Carbon Steel Sheet Superior in Formability - A carbon steel sheet having high formability due to a microscopic and uniform carbide distribution and having a good characteristic of final heat treatment, and a manufacturing method thereof. The carbon steel sheet having excellent formability includes, in wt %, C at 0.2-0.5%, Mn at 0.1-1.2%, Si at less than or equal to 0.4%, Cr at less than or equal to 0.5%, Al at 0.01-0.1%, S at less than or equal to 0.012%, Ti at less than or equal to 0.5×48/14×[N] % to 0.03% when the condition of B and N is not satisfied, B at 0.0005-0.0080%, N at less than or equal to 0.006%, Fe, and extra inevitable elements; an average size of carbide is less than or equal to 1 μm; and an average grain size of ferrite is less than or equal to 5 μm.09-06-2012
20120174711Apparatus for Manufacturing Reduced Iron and Method for Manufacturing the Same - Provided is an apparatus for manufacturing reduced iron and a method for manufacturing reduced iron. The method for manufacturing reduced iron includes the steps of: i) drying ores in an ore drier; ii) supplying the dried ores to at least one reduction reactor; iii) reducing the ores in the at least one reduction reactor and manufacturing reduced iron; iv) discharging exhaust gas by which the ores are reduced in the reduction reactor; v) branching the exhaust gas and providing the branched exhaust gas as ore feeding gas; and vi) exchanging heat between the exhaust gas and the ore feeding gas and transferring the sensible heat of the exhaust gas to the ore feeding gas. In the steps of supplying the dried ores to the at least one reduction reactor, the dried ores are supplied to the at least one reduction reactor by using the ore feeding gas.07-12-2012
20120167717Method for Manufacturing Amorphous Alloy by Using Liquid Pig Iron - The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an amorphous alloy by using liquid pig iron.07-05-2012
20120138198BAKE-HARDENABLE COLD ROLLED STEEL SHEET WITH SUPERIOR STRENGTH, GALVANNEALED STEEL SHEET USING THE COLD ROLLED STEEL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE COLD ROLLED STEEL SHEET - It is an object of the present invention to provide a high strength cold-rolled steel sheet, which has superior bake hardenability, aging resistance at room temperature and secondary work embrittlement resistance, and a method for manufacturing the same. The steel sheet has a grain size of ASTM No. of 9 or more after annealing, a BH of 30 MPa or more, an AI of 30 MPa or less, and a tensile strength of 340˜390 MPa through appropriate control of solute elements in steel by addition of a small amount of Ti, addition of Al and Mo, and control of manufacturing conditions, and refinement of crystal grains after annealing. The cold-rolled steel sheet and the galvannealed steel sheet produced using the cold-rolled steel sheet have the superior bake hardenability, aging resistance at room temperature, and secondary work embrittlement resistance.06-07-2012
20120118443NON-HEAT TREATED ROLLED STEEL AND DRAWN WIRE ROD WITH EXCELLENT TOUGHNESS, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - There is provided a rolled steel with excellent toughness, a drawn wire rod prepared by drawing the rolled steel, and a method for manufacturing the same, in which even if a heating step is omitted, the toughness of the steel can be improved by securing a degenerated pearlite structure in an internal structure of the rolled steel by controlling a content of Mn among components and cooling conditions, and then preventing C diffusion. The rolled steel according to the present invention includes C: 0.15˜0.30%, Si: 0.1˜0.2%, Mn: 1.8˜3.0%, P: 0.035% or less, S: 0.040% or less, the remainder Fe, and other inevitable impurites, as a percentage of weight, in which the microstucture of the rolled steel is composed of ferrite and pearlite including cementite with 150 nm or less of thickness.05-17-2012
20120100391HOT-DIP GALVANIZED STEEL SHEET HAVING EXCELLENT PLATING QUALITIES, PLATING ADHESION AND SPOT WELDABILITY AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF - Provided is a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having excellent plating qualities, plating adhesion and spot weldability, in which an alloy phase is formed at the interface between a base steel sheet and a galvanized layer, and a manufacturing method thereof.04-26-2012
20120037283High-Strength, High-Toughness Steel Wire Rod, and Method for Manufacturing Same - Provided are a high-strength, high-toughness steel wire rod and a method of manufacturing the same. The steel wire rod has a composition including 0.07 wt % to 0.14 wt % of aluminum (Al) and nitrogen (N) wherein Al:N (where Al and N denote wt % of each element) is in a range of 15:1 to 25:1. Since a steel wire rod having sufficient strength and toughness improvement effects can be obtained with a simple alloy component, a steel wire rod capable of allowing processing such as cold forging to be performed without an additional heat treatment may be provided.02-16-2012
20110300407Aluminum-Plated Steel Sheet Having Superior Corrosion Resistance, Hot Press Formed Product Using the Same, and Method for Production Thereof - Provided are a coated steel sheet, a hot press formed product using the steel sheet, and a producing method thereof. Conditions for hot-dip coating bath are optimized when an aluminum-coated steel sheet is produced using a hot rolled steel sheet or a cold rolled steel sheet, and processes are controlled during production of a hot press formed product from the steel sheet, thereby forming a coating layer having a high ratio of (Fe12-08-2011
20110262922APTAMER SANDWICH ASSAYS - The present invention provides methods for identifying the plurality of aptamers that bind to different sites of a target molecule and methods for using the same, for example, in sandwich assays. In particular, the plurality of aptamers binding to different sites of the target molecules is identified from a library of aptamers identified from the same SELEX process.10-27-2011
20110259483Fine Spheroidized Steel Sheet with Excellent Heat Treatment Characteristic and Method for Manufacturing the Same - A method for manufacturing a fine spheroidized steel sheet having an excellent heat treatment characteristic, the method including: i) manufacturing a high carbon slab that is formed of 0.3 to 1.0 wt % C, 0.1 to 1.2 wt % Mn, 0 to 0.4 wt % Si, 0.01 to 0.1 wt % Al, 0 to 0.01 wt % S, and balance Fe and an inevitably added impurity as residuals; ii) reheating the slab to a temperature of Ar3 transformation point or more; iii) roughing rolling the slab, and manufacturing a thin plate by performing finish rolling in an austenite region; iv) cooling the thin plate at a cooling speed of 50 to 300° C./sec; v) finishing the cooling of the thin plate at a temperature region of 400 to 650° C. and maintaining the temperature; vi) winding the thin plate at a temperature region of 450 to 700° C.; vii) performing cold rolling at a reduction ratio of 30% or more; and viii) spheroidizing annealing the cold rolled thin plate.10-27-2011
20110259481High Strength Steel Plate for Nuclear Reactor Containment Vessel and Method of Manufacturing the Same - There is provided a high strength steel plate including, by weight: 0.03% to 0.20% C, 0.15% to 0.55% Si, 0.9% to 1.5% Mn, 0.001% to 0.05% Al, 0.030% or less P, 0.030% or less S, 0.30% or less Cr, 0.2% or less Mo, 0.6% or less Ni, 0.07% or less V, 0.04% or less Nb, 5 ppm to 50 ppm Ca, 0.005% to 0.025% Ti, 0.0020% to 0.0060% N, 0.0005% to 0.0020% B, the balance of F and unavoidable impurities. The steel plate may be formed of tempered martensite, and conditions for cooling and recrystallization controlled rolling are optimized so as to control an average grain size of a microstructure and an aspect ratio of structure grains. Accordingly, a superior high-strength steel plate that can be used for an atomic plant, for example, an atomic plant rated at IOOOMW or more by having a tensile strength of at least 650 MPa and an impact toughness of at least 200 J at −5O ° C., and a method of manufacturing the same can be provided.10-27-2011
20110256387Resin Composition for Surface Treatment of Steel Sheet and Surface-Treated Steel Sheet Using the Same - Provided is a resin composition for surface treatment of a steel sheet including a binder resin, graphene and a solvent. More particularly, as only a small amount of the graphene is included in the resin composition used for surface treatment of a steel sheet, a user-required electrical conductivity can be provided to the steel sheet.10-20-2011
20110252849STEEL SHEET ANNEALING DEVICE, DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PLATED STEEL SHEET COMPRISING THE SAME, AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR PLATED STEEL SHEET USING THE SAME - Provided is an annealing device which comprises at least one section and in which the at least one section is filled with a gas constituting a non-reducing atmosphere or a weakly reducing atmosphere, as well as a device for producing plated steel sheet comprising the annealing device, and a method for producing plated steel sheet by means of such a device to substantially improve the quality of plating onto hot-dipped steel sheet, including the plating properties, alloying properties, anti-pickup properties, plating adhesion properties, anti-flaking properties, anti-cratering properties and anti-ash properties, by using prior-art annealing equipment and heat-treatment cycle without any additional oxidation-reduction heat treatment process or large quantities of high-cost alloying elements.10-20-2011
20110250415Ultraviolet Curable Resin Composition for Transparent Color-Painted Steel Sheet, and Steel Sheet Using Same - An ultraviolet (UV) curable resin composition is provided which includes 25 to 45 parts by weight of a modified epoxy acrylate oligomer; and 10 to 25 parts by weight of a urethane acrylate oligomer. Further provided is a metal sheet that is transparent and corrosion resistant, impact resistant, scratch resistant, adhesive, anti-corrosive, and bendable (workable) by forming a coating film on the surface of a metal material such as a steel material, specifically a steel sheet, using the UV curable resin composition mentioned above.10-13-2011
20110247734Surface Decarburization-Restrained Steel and Manufacturing Method Thereof - Decarburization-restrained steel and manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. Steel includes a boron (B)-concentrated layer formed on its surface to prevent carbon of the steel from being in contact with oxygen in atmosphere to thus restrain decarburization of the steel. The steel includes a boron-concentrated layer with a thickness of 3 mm or larger formed on the surface of the steel. The method of manufacturing decarburization-restrained steel includes cooling steel containing 0.001 wt % to 0.02 wt % of boron (B) at a cooling speed of 0.5° C./s to 25° C./s at an austenite+ferrite two-phase region.10-13-2011
20110247388DIES FOR SHEAR DRAWING - Provided is a die for shear drawing capable of performing continuous drawing and shear deformation at the same time. The die for shear drawing includes a material processing channel in which a material is sheared and drawn while passing therethrough, wherein the processing channel includes an inlet path positioned at a front end thereof, and an outlet path positioned at a rear end thereof, when viewed from a movement direction of a material. The inlet path and the outlet path are connected to intersect a central axes thereof at a certain angle, and the processing channel includes a cross-section reduction segment allowing an outlet cross-sectional area of the outlet path to be smaller than an inlet cross-sectional area of the inlet path to thereby draw out a material from an exit of the outlet path with the material filled therein.10-13-2011
20110233016Shock Absorbing Device for Vehicle with Multiple Shock Absorbing Stages - There is provided a collision energy absorbing apparatus, in particular, a collision energy absorbing apparatus for use in a vehicle, having a plurality of absorption phases, including: a first deformation part undergoing a first plastic deformation due to expansion so as to absorb collision energy generated in the event of a vehicle accident; a second transformation part disposed in line with an end of the first deformation part, the second transformation part undergoing a second plastic deformation after the first plastic deformation of the first deformation part so as to sequentially absorb collision energy in the event of a vehicle accident; and an expansion inducing part combined with an end of the second deformation part and disposed between the first deformation part and the second deformation part to guide the first plastic deformation of the first deformation part.09-29-2011
20110191908REGULATOR FOR FLOWERING TIME, TRANSGENIC PLANT TRANSFORMED WITH THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR REGULATING FLOWERING TIME - The present invention relates to a flowering-time and/or stem elongation regulator isolated from rice, which is selected from OsMADS50, OsMADSS1, OsMADS56, OsMADS14, OsTRX1, OsVIN1, OsCOL4 and OsCOLS, a DNA construct containing the regulator, a transgenic plant, a part thereof, and plant cell transformed with the DNA construct, and method to control flowering-time and/or stem elongation using the regulator. In the present invention, the flowering-time and/or stem elongation can be controlled, and thereby, various agricultural benefits obtained.08-04-2011
20110184596Method for Platooning of Vehicles in an Automated Vehicle System - Disclosed is a method of increasing track capacity in an automated vehicle system, the automated vehicle system comprising a network of tracks along which vehicles are adapted to travel, the network comprising at least one merge point at which at least two up stream tracks merge to form a downstream track, at least one diverge point at which one upstream track diverges to form at least two down-stream tracks and a plurality of stations at which passengers may board and/or disembark from the vehicles; wherein the method comprises controlling vehicles so as to cause empty vehicles to travel as at least one sequence of vehicles defined as a platoon; and controlling the empty vehicles of the at least one sequence to travel with a first safety distance between each other, the first safety distance being shorter than a second safety distance between vehicles being at least partially loaded.07-28-2011
20110184042RNA Aptamer Specifically Binding to Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Use thereof - Provided are RNA aptamer specifically binding to cancer metastasis-inducing domain of CEA (Carcinoembryonic antigen), a composition for prevention and/or inhibition and/or diagnosis of cancer metastasis containing the same as an active ingredient, and a method of prevention and/or inhibition and/or diagnosis of cancer metastasis using the same.07-28-2011
20110174869JOINING METHOD OF HIGH CARBON STEEL FOR ENDLESS HOT ROLLING AND THE APPARATUS THEREFOR - An endless hot rolling material shear-joining method capable of threading hot rolling materials in a finish rolling process without strip breakage by controlling joining conditions for the hot rolling materials in an endless hot rolling process for high carbon steel, and an endless hot rolling plant therefor are disclosed. The shear-joining method for endless hot rolling materials of high carbon steel includes shear-joining high carbon steel metal bars comprising, in terms of weight %, 0.30% to 1.20% C, inevitable impurities, and balance Fe, or comprising 0.15% to 1.5% C containing at least one of Cr, Ni, Mo, V, Ti, W, B, Nb, and Sb, inevitable impurities, and balance Fe, such that a joined surface of the joined metal bars is formed to be inclined in a thickness direction of the metal bars, in a hot rolling plant by a joiner adapted to join the metal bars after overlapping tail part of a leading one of the metal bar and top part of a trailing metal bar.07-21-2011
20110165434COATING COMPOSITION FOR STEEL SHEETS HAVING ZINC AND ZINC ALLOY COATING LAYER, METHOD FOR FORMING COATING LAYER USING THE COATING COMPOSITION AND STEEL SHEET HAVING THE COATING LAYER FORMED THEREOF - A coating composition for zinc- and zinc alloy-coated steel sheets includes: 1 to 30% by weight of hypophosphorous acid, 0.1 to 10% by weight of manganese, 0.01 to 5% by weight of a polyvinyl compound, zinc oxide and the balance of water, and further comprises 20% by weight or less of alcohol, when necessary, wherein the zinc oxide is included in such a content that, when 50 Ml (milliliters) of the coating composition is neutralized and titrated with 0.1N NaOH, the NaOH used for the neutralization titration is present in an amount of 10.0 Ml (milliliters) or less, and a content of free acid in the coating composition is adjusted to such an amount that, when 50 Ml (milliliters) of the coating composition is neutralized and titrated with 0.1N NaOH, the NaOH used for the neutralization titration is present in an amount of 10.0 Ml (milliliters) or less. The coating film formed on the steel sheet using the coating composition shows excellent properties such as lubricating property, adhesion and coating removal property, and also has a fine surface appearance.07-07-2011
20110125350Method and System for Merge Control in an Automated Vehicle System - Disclosed is a method of controlling merging of a plurality of streams of vehicles in an automated vehicle system. The method comprises: Defining a merge control zone associated with a merge point, the merge control zone defining at least respective sections of the upstream tracks leading to the merge point; detecting a vehicle entering the merge control zone on a first one of the upstream tracks; allocating a passage time to the vehicle, the passage time being indicative of a time at which the vehicle is scheduled to pass the merge point; wherein allocating the passage time is based on a merge priority assigned to the vehicle according to a predetermined set of merge priority rules; controlling a speed of the vehicle responsive to the allocated passage time.05-26-2011
20110101576Tuyere for Manufacturing Molten Iron and Method for Injecting Gas Using the Same - A tuyere for manufacturing molten iron is provided. The tuyere includes i) an oxygen injection opening that is configured to inject oxygen therethrough, and ii) a sealing gas injection opening that is located to be spaced apart from the oxygen injection opening and is configured to inject a sealing gas surrounding the oxygen.05-05-2011
20110100516Bake Hardening Steel with Excellent Surface Properties and Resistance to Secondary Work Embrittlement, and Preparation Method Thereof - Provided are a bake hardening steel having a crystalline grain size of ASTM No. 9 or more and a method for preparing the bake hardening steel by controlling the winding, rolling and cooling conditions. The bake hardening steel includes: C:0.0016˜0.0025%, Si:0.02% or less, P:0.01˜0.05%, S:0.01% or less, sol.Al:0.08˜0.12%, N:0.0025% or less, Ti:0.003% or less, Nb:0.003˜0.011%, Mo:0.01˜0.1%, B:0.0005˜0.0015% or less, balance Fe and other inevitable impurities, wherein % is weight %, and Mn and P satisfy the relation of −30(° C.)≧803P−24.4Mn−58.05-05-2011
20110097973Method and Apparatus for Removing Scale from Hot-Rolled Steel Strip - A method for continuously removing scale from a hot-rolled carbon steel strip includes: cracking the scale on the hot-rolled steel strip; shot-blasting the cracked scale to remove the scale; deforming the hot-rolled steel strip so as to weaken the bond between scale remaining after the shot-blasting and the hot-rolled steel strip and so as to impart surface roughness to the hot-rolled steel sheet; and polishing the deformed hot-rolled steel strip to remove the remaining scale.04-28-2011
20110083774High Strength Steel Sheet and Hot Dip Galvanized Steel Sheet Having High Ductility and Excellent Delayed Fracture Resistance and Method for Manufacturing the Same - A cold rolled steel sheet and a hot dip galvanized steel sheet, which have high strength and elongation, such as a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more and an elongation of 28% or more, and excellent delayed fracture resistance, and manufacturing methods thereof. The cold rolled steel sheet has a composition including 0.05 to 0.3 weight percent C, 0.3 to 1.6 weight percent. Si, 4.0 to 7.0 weight percent Mn, 0.5 to 2.0 weight percent Al, 0.01 to 0.1 weight percent Cr, 0.02 to 0.1 weight percent Ni and 0.005 to 0.03 weight percent Ti, 5 to 30 ppm B, 0.01 to 0.03 weight percent Sb, 0.008 weight percent or less S, balance Fe and impurities. The hot dip galvanized steel sheet has a hot dip galvanized layer or a hot dip galvannealed layer on the cold rolled steel sheet.04-14-2011
20110076488Resin Composition for Pre-Coated Steel Sheet and Steel Sheet Having Excellent Processibility, Heat Resistance and Corrosion Resistance Properties - A resin composition for a pre-coated steel sheet having good processibility, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance, and a pre-coated steel sheet fabricated by using the resin composition are disclosed. The resin composition includes a 10 to 40 parts by weight of a hardener comprising end-capped blocked polyisocyanate and a melamine resin by 2:1 to 3:1 by parts by weight and 0. 1 to 10 parts by weight of organized layered nano-clay, based on a 100 parts by weight of a base resin. The pre-coated steel sheet obtained by the method exhibits good processibility, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance.03-31-2011
20110073223STEEL SHEET FOR GALVANIZING WITH EXCELLENT WORKABILITY, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A high strength ductile steel sheet for extra deep drawing mainly used for interior or exterior plates of automobile bodies, and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The steel sheet comprises, by weight %, C: 0.010% or less, Si: 0.1% or less, Mn: 0.06˜1.5%, P: 0.15% or less, S: 0.020% or less, Sol. Al: 0.10˜0.40%, N: 0.010% or less, Ti: 0.003˜0.010%, Nb: 0.003˜0.040%, B: 0.0002˜0.0020%, Mo: 0.05% or less, one or both of Sb: 0.005˜0.05% and Sn: 0.005˜0.05%, a total amount of Sb and Sn being in the range of 0.005˜0.1% when both of Sb and Sn are added to the steel sheet, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities. The steel sheet has surface agglomerates having an average diameter of 1 μm or less, and a tensile strength of 28˜50 kgf/mm03-31-2011
20110064968High-Strength Steel Sheet with Excellent Ductility and Crackless Edge Portion, Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Sheet, and Manufacturing Method Thereof - There are provided steel sheets which have a tensile strength of 780-980 MPa and an elongation of 28% or higher and are free of edge cracks. The high-strength steel sheet includes, by wt %, 0.1-0.25% C, 1.0-1.9% Si, 1.5-2.5% Mn, 0.5-1.6% Al, 0.005-0.03% Ti, 5-30 ppm B, 0.01-0.03% Sb and a balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and satisfying 1.75%≦Si+Al≦3.25%.03-17-2011
20110050016MAGNETIC BEARING DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING ROLL SHAFT - A magnetic bearing device includes a magnet generating a magnetic field at a protrusion formed toward a roll shaft, and a body portion supporting the magnet in one direction. The roll shaft is supported while an air gap is formed between the roll shaft and the protrusion, and both sides of the protrusion are rounded.03-03-2011
20110030857HIGH STRENGTH THIN STEEL SHEET FOR THE SUPERIOR PRESS FORMABILITY AND SURFACE QUALITY AND GALVANIZED STEEL SHEET AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A high strength thin steel sheet that is mainly used for structural members and inner and outer panels for a vehicle, a galvanized steel sheet, and methods of manufacturing the same. The high strength thin steel sheet for superior press formability includes, by weight percent, 0.06 to 0.4% C, 1.0 to 5.0% Mn, 0.05 to 2.5% Si, 0.01 to 2.0% Ni, 0.02 to 2% Cu, 0.01 to 0.04% Ti, 0.05 to 2.5% Al, 0.005 to 0.1% Sb, 0.0005 to 0.004% B, 0.007% or less N, and balance Fe and inevitable impurities, and meeting relation of Ni+0.5×Mn+0.3×Cu>0.9, which is defined as Ni*, and Al/Ni*<1.3 at a same time, and relation of Ti≧0.028×Al. This thin steel sheet is galvanized or galvannealed.02-10-2011
20110020165AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL FOR HIGH VACUUM AND HIGH PURITY GAS TUBE APPLICATION - The object of the present invention is to provide stainless steel for high vacuum and high purity gas tube applications not having intrusion of impure particles into a processing gas and being cost-efficient. In order to accomplish the object, the present invention provides an austenitic stainless steel for a high vacuum and high purity gas tube application, the stainless steel including, in percent by weight, 0.1% or less of C, 1% or less of Si, 0.5 to 2% of Mn, 0.05% or less of P, 0.01% or less of S, 15 to 30% of Cr, 7 to 20% of Ni, 4% or less of Mo, 3% or less of Cu, 0.05% or less of N, 0.01% or less of B, 0.01% or less of O, a remaining part of Fe, and unavoidable impurities, wherein Ti content is limited to 0.005% or less, Al content is limited to 0.005 to 0.05%, and Ca content is limited to 0.0005 to 0.003%.01-27-2011
20110017363HIGH STRENGTH THIN STEEL SHEET EXCELLING IN WELDABILITY AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME - Provided are a high strength thin steel sheet having tensile strength of about 800 MPa or more, and a manufacturing method thereof. The thin steel sheet is mainly used for construction materials, home appliances, and automobiles. The thin steel sheet has excellent plating characteristic, welding characteristic, bending workability, and hole expansion ratio. The thin steel sheet includes, in weight %, C: 0.02-0.20%, Si: 1.5% or less, Mn: 1.5-3.0%, P: 0.001-0.10%, S: 0.010% or less, SoLAl: 0.01-0.40%, N: 0.020% or less, Cr: 0.3-1.5%, B: 0.0010-0.0060%, Sb: 0.001-0.10%, and including at least one material selected from the group consisting of Ti: 0.003-0.08%, Nb: 0.003-0.08%, and Mo: 0.003-0.08%, and includes Fe and other inevitable impurities as a remainder. Here, Si, Mn, B, Sb, P, and S meet conditions of 5<(Si/Mn+150B)/Sb<20 and C+Mn/20+Si/30+2P+4S<0.27. Also, the manufacturing method can secure workability of the thin steel sheet.01-27-2011
20110000866Apparatus for Controlling the Position of Crane Tong According to Slab Bending and the Method Thereof - An apparatus and method for controlling the position of the tongs of a crane depending on bending of a slab are disclosed. Side surface detection units are installed at both ends of the tongs of a crane for gripping the side surfaces of one or more slabs, and are configured to detect one or more gaps generated due to bending of one of the slabs. A distance detection unit is configured to detect the distance between an uppermost slab and the crane. A control unit is configured to adjust the final grip position of the tongs using information about the gaps generated due to the bending of the slab. The information about the gaps is detected by the side surface detection units and the distance detection unit.01-06-2011
20100317723Nucleolin Specific Aptamer and Use thereof - Improved G-rich oligonucleotide (GRO) aptamers specific to nucleolin, a method of preparing the aptamers, and a use of the aptamers for diagnosing and/or treating a nucleolin-associated disease, are provided.12-16-2010
20100310149DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETECTING THE JOINTED PARTS OF STRIP IN AN ENDLESS HOT ROLLING PROCESS - There are provided a device and method for detecting joint parts of a steel strip in an endless hot rolling process. The device for detecting joint parts of a steel strip in an endless hot rolling process includes an image signal collection block receiving image signals, each having information on gray level pixels of a steel strip, from a charge coupled device (CCD) camera; an edge line detection block receiving the image signals from the image signal collection block to detect an edge line of the steel strip; a profile calculation block receiving information on the detection of the edge line from the edge line detection block to calculate the sum of gray levels up to an edge line of the steel strip in a traverse direction of the steel strip when the edge line is detected by the edge line detection block; a joint part judgement block receiving information on the sum of the gray levels, which shows a current profile value, from the profile calculation block to judge the edge line as a joint part when a ratio of a mean value of the current profile and a mean value of the previous profile is less than a predetermined value; and an output block receiving information on the judgement of the edge line as the joint part from the joint part judgement block to output a joint part-detecting signal when the edge line is judged to be a joint part.12-09-2010
20100307641High Carbon Steel Sheet Superior in Tensile Strength and Elongation and Method for Manufacturing the Same - A high carbon steel sheet having superior strength and ductility and a method for manufacturing the same comprising: 0.2 to 1.0 wt % carbon (C), 0 to 3.0 wt % silicon (Si), 0 to 3.0 wt % manganese (Mn), 0 to 3.0 wt % chromium (Cr), 0 to 3.0 wt % nickel (Ni), 0 to 0.5 wt % molybdenum (Mo), 0 to 3.0 wt % aluminum (Al), 0 to 0.01 wt % boron (B), 0 to 0.5 wt % titanium (Ti), and the remainder substantially being iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities. The contents of carbon, manganese, chromium, and nickel satisfy the following Equation 1, and the contents of silicon and aluminum satisfy the following Equation 2: (3.0−2.5×C)wt %≦(Mn+Cr+Ni/2)≦8.5 wt %—(Equation 1) Si+Al>1.0 wt % (Equation 2).12-09-2010
20100291379RESIN COATED STEEL SHEET, RESIN COMPOSITION THEREFOR AND STEEL SHEET TREATMENT COMPOSITION - A resin-coated steel sheet having excellent properties such as electroconductivity, electrostatic earth property, fingerprint resistance, corrosion resistance, solvent resistance, workability, press formability, workability at multi-processed part, electromagnetic shielding property, adhesion, and heat release property, a resin composition and a surface treatment composition therefore are provided. The resin-coated steel sheet comprising a base steel sheet; and a resin-coating film formed of a resin composition on the surfaces of the base steel sheet, the resin composition comprising a main resin/a melamine-based curing agent composition, a pigment, a flatting agent and at least one of a fingerprint-resistant additive and an electroconductive additive is provided. The resin composition and the surface treatment composition comprising polyethylene acrylate resin and/or polyurethane resin, a melamine-based curing agent, a silane coupling agent, a metal silicate compound and a titanium compound are also provided.11-18-2010
20100285333ZINC ALLOY COATED STEEL SHEET HAVING GOOD SEALER ADHESION AND CORROSION RESISTANCE AND PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - There is provided a zinc alloy coated steel sheet including a vacuum deposited layer capable of improving corrosion resistance and sealer adhesion that are suitable for the use in automobiles, and a process of manufacturing the same. The zinc alloy coated steel sheet includes a zinc coating layer formed on a steel sheet; and a zinc/metal alloy deposited layer formed on the zinc coating layer, wherein the zinc coating layer, and a metal diffusion layer is present in the zinc coating layer.11-11-2010
20100283192Reducing Furnace and Apparatus for Manufacturing Molten Iron Comprising the Same - An apparatus for manufacturing molten iron includes a reduction furnace having a charging device that is capable of preventing segregation. The reduction furnace for reducing an iron-containing material used for manufacturing molten iron may include a charging hole where the iron-containing material is charged, a first guide plate sloped toward a first direction in the reduction furnace to guide the iron-containing material to the inside of the reduction furnace, and a second guide plate fixed and sloped toward a second direction intersecting the first direction in the reduction furnace to guide the iron-containing material dropped and guided by the first guide plate. A dropping direction of the iron-containing material dropped and guided by the first guide plate is changed when the iron-containing material is guided by the second guide plate.11-11-2010
20100273013Chrome-Free Composition of Low Temperature Curing for Treating A Metal Surface and A Metal Sheet Using the Same - Provided is a chromium-free, low-temperature curable, metal-surface treatment composition comprising 5 to 30 parts by weight of a silane compound having an epoxy group and a silane compound having an amino group or a hydrolytic condensate thereof; 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a vanadium compound; 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a magnesium compound; 1 to 10 parts by weight of organic/inorganic acids; 0.05 to 2 parts by weight of a crosslinking accelerating and coupling agent; 0.01 to 1 part by weight of an antifoaming agent; 1 to 2 parts by weight of a wetting agent; and the balance of water and ethanol, based on 100 parts by weight of the total solution. In addition, a steel sheet coated with the metal-surface treatment composition of the present invention is low-temperature curable and is capable of securing anticorrosiveness even without containing chromium components.10-28-2010
20100272991CHROME-FREE COATING COMPOSITIONS FOR SURFACE-TREATING STEEL SHEET INCLUDING CARBON NANOTUBE, METHODS FOR SURFACE-TREATING STEEL SHEET AND SURFACE-TREATED STEEL SHEETS USING THE SAME - A chrome-free coating composition for surface-treating a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet that includes carbon nanotubes and has excellent electric conductivity, comprising, based on the total solid weight of the composition: (a) 40 to 60 parts by weight of a water-soluble or water-borne organic resin; (b) 20 to 40 parts by weight of an inorganic metallic sol; (c) 2 to 5 parts by weight of a carbon nanotube paste including carbon nanotube (CNT); (d) 2 to 5 parts by weight of a metal oxide/phosphate-based anti-corrosion agent; (e) 5 to 15 parts by weight of an organic metal complex; (f) 3 to 7 parts by weight of a carbodimide cross-linking agent; and (g) the balance of water, ethanol or a mixture thereof. The steel sheet surface-treated with the composition may be useful to secure corrosion resistance without including a chrome component and shows its electric conductivity even when the coating composition is used at a coating amount of 1000 mg/m10-28-2010
20100270715Apparatus for Manufacturing Molten Irons by Hot Compacting Fine Direct Reduced Irons - The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing molten iron. The present invention provides an apparatus for manufacturing molten iron including a charge container receiving the supply of reducing material in which hot fine direct reduced iron from multiple fluidized-bed reactors are mixed; at least one pair of roller presses to which the fine direct reduced iron is supplied to undergo roll pressing, thereby producing continuous compacted material having lumped portions adjacent to each other; a crusher crushing the compacted material produced by the roller presses; and a melter-gasifier to which is charged crushed compacted material that is crushed by the crusher. Each of the pair of roller presses include pressed portions and protruded lines formed between the pressed portions. The pressed portions include first and second pressed portions opposing each other and first and second concave surfaces continuously formed on the first and second pressed portions along an axial direction of the at least one pair of roller presses, respectively. When viewed from a direction perpendicular to a plane centered between the first and the second pressed portions: (i) the first and second concave surfaces partially overlap each other, and (ii) the protruded lines are unaligned on the opposing first and second pressed portions.10-28-2010
20100263773HIGH STRENGTH AND LOW YIELD RATIO STEEL FOR STRUCTURE HAVING EXCELLENT LOW TEMPERATURE TOUGHNESS - A high strength and low yield ratio steel that has excellent characteristics such as low temperature toughness, a tensile strength of approximately 600 MPa or more and a low yield ratio of 80% or less. The high strength and low yield ratio steel includes, by weight percent: C: 0.02 to 0.12%, Si: 0.01 to 0.8%, Mn: 0.3 to 2.5%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.005 to 0.5%, Nb: 0.005 to 0.10%, B: 3 to 50 ppm, Ti: 0.005 to 0.1%, N: 15 to 150 ppm, Ca: 60 ppm or less, and the balance of be and inevitable impurities, and further includes at least one component selected from the group consisting of by weight percent: Cr: 0.05 to 1.0%, Mo: 0.01 to 1.0%, Ni: 0.01 to 2.0%, Cu: 0.01 to 1.0% and V: 0.005 to 0.3%, wherein a finish cooling temperature is limited to 500 to 600° C. after the finish-rolling process. The high strength and low yield ratio steel satisfying characteristics such as low temperature toughness, brittle crack arrestability and low yield ratio, and the manufacturing method thereof may be provided.10-21-2010
20100263772WIRE RODS HAVING SUPERIOR STRENGTH AND DUCTILITY FOR DRAWING AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - There are provided a wire rod for drawing having superior strength and ductility and a method for manufacturing the same. The wire rod for drawing comprises, by weight: carbon (C): 0.87 to 1.0%, manganese (Mn): 0.1 to 0.60%, silicon (Si): 0.3 to 1.0%, sulfur (S): 0.010% or less (excluding 0%), phosphorus (P): 0.011% or less (excluding 0%), chromium (Cr): 0.1 to 0.5%, nitrogen (N): 0.007% or less (excluding 0%), and the balance of iron (Fe) and other inevitable impurities, wherein the sum of the Si and Cr contents satisfies the following equation: 0.6≦Si+Cr≦1.2 (the contents of Si and Cr is represented by ‘% by weight’), and the wire rod has a pearlite structure.10-21-2010
20100263771STEEL WIRE ROD FOR BEARING STEEL, MANUFACTURING METHOD OF STEEL WIRE ROD FOR BEARING STEEL, HEAT TREATMENT METHOD OF STEEL BEARING, STEEL BEARING AND SOAKING METHOD OF BEARING STEEL - A heat treatment method of manufacturing high carbon bearing steel having excellent abrasion resistance and fatigue resistance, a steel wire rod for high carbon bearing steel subjected to the heat treatment, a manufacturing method of the steel wire rod, high carbon bearing steel manufactured by the heat treatment and a soaking method of a steel bloom used for manufacturing the steel wire rod. The heat treatment method of bearings includes the steps of: quenching a bearing-shaped steel part containing, by weight, 0.5% to 1.20% carbon and 1.0% to 2.0% silicon; and partitioning the quenched steel part at a temperature ranging from M10-21-2010
20100258219High-Strength Steel Sheet with Excellent Low Temperature Toughness and Manufacturing Method Thereof - There is provided a high-strength steel plate having acicular ferrite and bainite as a main microstructure and an austenite/martensite (M & A) as a second phase under the control of a cooling rate above the austenite transformation temperature. The high-strength steel plate comprises: carbon (C): 0.03 to 0.10 wt %, silicon (Si): 0.1 to 0.4 wt %, manganese (Mn): 1.8 wt % or less, nickel (Ni): 1.0 wt % or less, titanium (Ti): 0.005 to 0.03 wt %, niobium (Nb): 0.02 to 0.10 wt %, aluminum (Al): 0.01 to 0.05 wt %, calcium (Ca): 0.006 wt % or less, nitrogen (N): 0.001 to 0.006 wt %, phosphorus (P): 0.02 wt % or less, sulfur (S): 0.005 wt % or less, and the balance of iron (Fe) and other inevitable impurities. The method for manufacturing a high-strength steel plate may be useful to economically and effectively manufacture a high strength steel, which is able to secure excellent properties such as high strength and high toughness since the acicular ferrite and bainite may be effectively formed without adding expensive elements such as molybdenum (Mo).10-14-2010
20100246974DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OPTICALLY DETECTING SURFACE DEFECT OF ROUND WIRE ROD - A device and method can optically detect a defect of a round wire rod to be tested, and particularly, remotely detect the defect without contact in real-time. The device includes a lighting device for emitting circular surface light to the round wire rod; an optical sensor for generating an optical signal by receiving the light reflected from the round wire rod, which is being transported, and converting the optical signal into an image signal; and a signal-processing unit for acquiring surface information of the round wire rod by receiving the image signal from the optical sensor.09-30-2010
20100236672HIGH TENSILE STEEL FOR DEEP DRAWING AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF - There are provided a steel for deep drawing, and a method for manufacturing the steel and a high pressure container. The steel for deep drawing includes, by weight: C: 0.25 to 0.40%, Si: 0.15 to 0.40%, Mn: 0.4 to 1.0%, Al: 0.001 to 0.05%, Cr: 0.8 to 1.2%, Mo: 0.15 to 0.8%, Ni: 1.0% or less, P: 0.015% or less, S: 0.015% or less, Ca: 0.0005 to 0.002%, Ti: 0.005 to 0.025%, B: 0.0005 to 0.0020% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein a microstructure of the steel has a triphase structure of ferrite, bainite and martensite. The steel for deep drawing may be useful to further improve the strength without the deterioration of the toughness by adding a trace of Ti and B, compared to the conventional steels having a strength of approximately 1100 MPa. Also, the a method for manufacturing a steel may be useful to save the manufacturing cost and time by significantly curtailing time used in the spheroidization heat treatment during the deep drawing process, and to manufacture a steel for deep drawing that is used for a low-temperature, high-pressure container having a tensile strength of approximately 1200 Mpa by reducing a depth of the softening layer to prevent the deterioration in strength of the steel.09-23-2010
20100210509LONG ACTING HYALURONIC ACID - PEPTIDE CONJUGATE - The invention relates to a novel bioconjugation protocol for peptide suitable for in vivo applications. Bioconjugation of the peptide to HA derivative increases its half life in circulation contributing for a high efficacy. More over, conjugate of HA derivative and peptide which is treated with hyaluronidase shows increased bioactivity. And also, in contrast to PEGylation, HA derivative can be conjugated with many numbers of peptide molecules per single HA derivative chain, which enables multiple action of peptide drugs.08-19-2010
20100187788Tubular Torsion Beam for Rear Suspensions of Vehicles and Manufacturing Method Thereof - Provided is a tubular torsion beam for rear suspensions of vehicles, which is produced according to a more durable design capable of improving roll stiffness and roll strength of the tubular torsion beam. The tubular torsion beam is produced by pressure-forming a tubular steel member through hydroforming such that the tubular torsion beam has a cross-section varying along an entire length thereof, with opposite ends having a closed cross-section and mounted to respective trailing arms, a middle portion having a V-shaped open cross-section, and a transitional portion having a varying cross-section and connecting the middle portion to each of the opposite ends. During the process of manufacturing the tubular torsion beam, the opposite ends of the tubular steel member are fed using respective axial punches of a hydroforming machine, so that the opposite ends are thicker than the middle portion.07-29-2010
20100175795Steel Wire Rod for High Strength and High Toughness Spring Having Excellent Cold Workability, Method for Producing the Same and Method for Producing Spring by Using the Same - Provided is a steel wire rod for a high strength and high toughness spring having excellent cold workability, the steel wire rod having a composition comprising: in weight %, C: 0.4 to 0.7%, Si: 1.5 to 3.5%, Mn: 0.3 to 1.0%, Cr: 0.01 to 1.5%, Ni: 0.01 to 1.0%, Cu: 0.01 to 1.0%, B: 0.005 to 0.02%, Al: 0.1% or less, O: 0.0020% or less, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, N: 0.02% or less, remainder Fe, and other unavoidable impurities, having a microstructure formed of ferrite and pearlite, and in which a prior (before cooling) austenite grain size is 8 μm or less.07-15-2010
20100167066Self-Cleaning Article and a Process for Preparing the Same - Provided is a composition for forming a photocatalytic coating layer, a process for preparing said composition, a self-cleaning article comprising a photocatalytic coating layer comprising said composition and a process for preparing said self-cleaning article. The composition may be used to prepare a self-cleaning article having excellent anticorrosion and processability by one coating and drying procedure, without several coating and drying procedures.07-01-2010
20100120662Glucose uptake modulator and method for treating diabetes or diabetic complications - The present invention relates to an glucose uptake modulator, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the glucose uptake modulator, and a method of treating a diabetes or diabetic complications in a mammal in need thereof, which comprises administering to said mammal an effecting amount of a glucose uptake modulator.05-13-2010
20100093994REPARATION METHOD OF AN AMINO LINKER OLIGONUCLEOTIDES AND LABELED-LINKER OLIGONUCLEOTIDE THEREFROM - A method for preparing amino linker oligonucleotides is provided, wherein an amino protecting group is efficiently removed from the amino linker oligonucleotides protected by the protecting group, and thereby achieving a high yield of the amino linker oligonucleotides.04-15-2010
20100092331WEATHER-RESISTANT HOT-ROLLED STEEL SHEET SUPERIOR HIGH-STRENGTH, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD - There are provided a high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent weather resistance used for containers and a method of manufacturing the same. A high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent weather resistance includes, by weight: C: 0.05 to 0.07%, Mn: 2.5% or less, Nb: 0.04 to 0.06%, Ti: 0.08 to 0.10%, Cu: 0.30 to 0.60%, Cr: 0.5 to 1.0%, and Ni: 0.15 to 0.30%, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities. A method of manufacturing the hot-rolled steel sheet is also provided. A hot-rolled steel sheet provided has weather resistance by addition of Cu, Cr, and Ni and material characteristics of a tensile strength within the range of 800 to 900 MPa and a yield strength within the range of 700 to 800 MPa.04-15-2010
20100092330ECO-FRIENDLY PB-FREE FREE CUTTING STEEL WITH EXCELLENT MACHINABILITY AND HOT WORKABILITY - There is provided a Pb-free free cutting steel is formed of 0.03 to 0.30 wt % of carbon (C), 0.01 to 0.30 wt % of silicon (Si), 0.2 to 2.0 wt % of manganese (Mn), 0.02 to 0.10 wt % of phosphorus, 0.06 to 0.45 wt % of sulfur (S), 0.04 to 0.20 wt % of bismuth (Bi), 0.04 to 0.20 wt % of tin (Sn), 0.001 to 0.015 wt % of boron (B), 0.001 to 0.010 wt % of nitrogen (N), 0.002 to 0.025 wt % of total oxygen (T[O]), and residual Fe, and unavoidable impurities, wherein S, Bi, S, B, and N satisfy a certain relationship. The steel has excellent machinability no less than conventional free cutting steel including Pb, while being eco-friendly. Also, the steel has excellent hot ductility capable of reducing occurrence of defects on a surface, thereby improving hot rolling workability.04-15-2010
20100074794STEEL PLATE FOR LINEPIPE HAVING ULTRA-HIGH STRENGTH AND EXCELLENT LOW TEMPERATURE TOUGHNESS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF THE SAME - A steel plate for linepipes having ultra-high strength and excellent low temperature toughness, and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The steel plate has a strength of 930 MPa or more and excellent toughness even with much smaller amounts of alloying elements than that of conventional steel plates, and a method for manufacturing the same. The steel includes by weight %: 0.03˜0.10% C; 0˜0.6% Si; 1.6-2.1% Mn; 0˜1.0% Cu; 0-1.0% Ni; 0.02-0.06% Nb; 0-0.1% V; 0.1-0.5% Mo; 0-1.0% Cr; 0.005-0.03% Ti; 0.01-0.06% Al; 0.0005-0.0025% B; 0.001-0.006% N; 0-0.006% Ca; 0.02% or less P; 0.005% or less S; and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities. The microstructure includes at least about 75 area percent of a mixture of bainitic ferrite and acicular ferrite.03-25-2010
20100031879GAS WIPING APPARATUS HAVING MULTIPLE NOZZLES - A gas wiping apparatus is a type of equipment for coating a molten metal onto a steel strip, in which the molten metal solution deposited on the steel strip is wiped to adjust a coating thickness. The gas wiping apparatus includes a body containing a high pressure gas and a multiple nozzle unit disposed at the body to eject the high pressure gas onto a surface of a moving coated steel strip. The surface of the coated steel strip passing through a hot dipping bath filled with the molten metal is wiped by a high speed gas jet. Here, the molten metal is prevented from splashing even at a high-speed and the steel strip can be adjusted in the coating thickness stably and uniformly.02-11-2010
20100024595Method and Apparatus for Treating Return Ores Using Plasma - There is provided a method and an apparatus for treating return ores using plasma, capable of treating sintered return ores generated in a sintering process in a steel maker or return ores (iron ores) employed in other ironmaking process such as FINEX. The method of treating return ores using plasma includes: providing return ores sorted out by a sorting process; and bonding the return ores by fusing and agglomerating the return ores using plasma. Also, an apparatus for treating return ores using plasma includes a plasma heating device used to fuse and agglomerate sorted return ores. The return ores of a predetermined grain size are fusion-bonded and agglomerated using a flame of a plasma heating device. Particularly, the return ores can be treated in a massive amount to enhance productivity of a fusion-bonding process of the return ores. Furthermore, a great amount of sintered return ores generated in the sintering process can be subjected to a fewer number of re-treatment processes.02-04-2010
20100021726EXCELLENT HEAT-DISSIPATING BLACK RESIN COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR TREATING A ZINC COATED STEEL SHEET USING THE SAME AND STEEL SHEET TREATED THEREBY - Provided are a heat-dissipating black resin composition having excellent physical properties such as heat-dissipation, workability, corrosion resistance, solvent resistance, coating adherence and gloss, and being free from chromium and used for surface treatment of a zinc coated steel sheet, a method for treating a zinc coated steel sheet, and a zinc coated steel sheet treated thereby. The composition includes, based on 100 parts by weight: 10 to 60 parts by weight of a resin composition which at least one main resin and a melamine-based curing agent are mixed in a weight ratio of 10:2-7, the main resin being selected from the group consisting of polyester, epoxy, polyolefin, polyurethane, fluorine, phenol, acryl and polycarbonate resins; 1 to 10 parts by weight of at least one pigment selected from the group consisting of carbon black and carbon nano tube; 1 to 10 parts by weight of a matting agent; and the balance of a solvent. The method includes: coating a steel sheet with the composition so that a thickness of a dry coating film is in a range of 3 to 30 micrometers; and drying the composition, and the steel sheet is treated according to the method.01-28-2010
20090317284HIGH STRENGTH STEEL PLATE WITH HIGH MANGANESE HAVING EXCELLENT BURRING WORKABILITY - There is provided a high strength steel plate with high manganese having excellent burring workability, which is used for structural members, bumper reinforcing materials and impact absorbing materials of automobiles, etc. The high strength steel plate includes, by weight: C: 0.2 to 1.0%, Mn: 10 to 25%, Al: 0.3 to 3.0%, S: 0.05% or less, P: 0.05% or less, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the chemical elements satisfactorily have a grain size of 18 μm or more. The high strength steel plate can be useful to facilitate formation of automobile parts since it has excellent physical properties such as elongation and hole expansibility as well as strength.12-24-2009
20090297387LOW SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND HIGH STRENGTH STEEL SHEETS WITH EXCELLENT RIDGING RESISTIBILITY AND MANUFACTURING METHODS THEREOF - A low specific gravity and high strength steel sheet includes C of 0.2% to 0.8%, Mn of 2% to 10%, P of 0.02% or less, S of 0.015% or less, Al of 3% to 15%, and N of 0.01% or less. A ratio of Mn/Al is 0.4 to 1.0. Retained austenite in a structure is included in the range of 1% or more. The steel sheet further includes one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of Si of 0.1% to 2.0%, Cr of 0.1% to 0.3%, Mo of 0.05% to 0.5%, Ni of 0.1% to 2.0%, Cu of 0.1% to 1.0%, B of 0.0005% to 0.003%, Ti of 0.01% to 0.2%, Zr of 0.005% to 0.2%, Nb of 0.005% to 0.2%, W of 0.1% to 1.0%, Sb of 0.005% to 0.2%, and Ca of 0.001% to 0.2%.12-03-2009
20090279505SERVICE ZONE SWITCHING METHOD BASED ON LOAD CONSIDERING INTER-CELL INTERFERENCE IN 802.16/WIBRO SYSTEMS - There is provided a method of switching a zone through which services are provided to subscriber stations (SS) in an environment using an FRF-1 zone and an FRF-3 zone based on traffic load of each zone in order to reduce the inter-cell interference in 802.16/WiBro systems. The service zone switching method based on load considering inter-cell interference in 802.16/WiBro systems may be useful to minimize the inter-cell interference, enhance the capacity of cells and improve users' transmission quality in the cells by determining whether the services are provided through one out of an FRF-1 zone (a zone where users in 3 sectors of one cell can use all subchannels) and an FRF-3 zone (a zone where users in each of 3 sectors of one cell can use one third of all subchannels; 3 sectors of one cell use 3 channel group, respectively), which are present in one frame, based on the distribution and traffic load of subscriber stations (SS) present in one cell, which consists of 3 sector units, under the environment of the 802.16/WiBro systems, and providing services through the selected zone.11-12-2009
20090279096APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ON-LINE DETECTING WELDING PART OF STRIP - There is provided an on-line detection system and method for a weld of a steel strip, which can emit a laser beam onto the surface of a steel strip moving at a high speed and measure the reflectivity of the laser beam reflecting from the same, thereby detecting the weld of the steel strip easily on-line. In the on-line detection system, reflectivity measuring means emits a laser beam onto a moving steel strip and continuously measuring the reflectivity of the laser beam returning from the surface of the steel strip, and signal processing means detects a weld of the steel strip based on change in the reflectivity measured on the weld.11-12-2009
20090277600CONTINUOUS CASTING MACHINE USING MOLTEN MOLD FLUX - A continuous casting machine injecting molten mold flux into a mold includes: melt-surface covers covering the upper side of the mold; gas aspirators provided below the melt-surface covers for inhaling the gas in an upper space of the mold; and purge gas injectors provided below the melt-surface covers for injecting purge gas into the upper space of the mold.11-12-2009
20090272468Method for Manufacturing Bake-Hardenable High-Strength Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet - A bake-hardenable high-strength cold-rolled steel sheet, a hot-dipped steel sheet thereof, and a method for manufacturing the same. The steel sheet comprises 0.0016˜0.01% of C; 0.1% or less of Si; 0.2˜1.5% of Mn; 0.05˜0.15% of P; 0.01% or less of S; 0.08˜0.5% of (soluble) Al; 0.0025% or less of N; 0.003˜0.1% of Nb; 0.003% or less of Ti; 0.01˜0.4% of Mo; 0.0005˜0.005% of B; and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities, in terms of weight %. The method includes the steps of heating a steel slab of the above composition to a temperature of 1,200° C. or more; and then hot rolling the steel slab with finish rolling at or above the Ar11-05-2009
20090252952SURFACE TREATED CR-FREE STEEL SHEET FOR USED IN FUEL TANK, PREPARING METHOD THEREOF AND TREATMENT COMPOSITION THEREFOR - A Cr-free steel sheet includes a Zn-based electroplated steel sheet, a Cr-free layer which is formed by a Cr-free treatment liquid coated on the steel sheet, the Cr-free treatment liquid containing silicate of 3 to 40 parts by weight, silane of 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, titanium compound of 0.2 to 8 parts by weight, binder resin of 10 to 50 parts by weight, the binder resin being selected from the group consisting of urethane resin, epoxy resin and a combination thereof, and phosphoric ester of 1 to 5 parts by weight based on the Cr-free treatment liquid of 100 parts by weight, and a resin layer which is formed by a resin treatment liquid coated on the Cr-free layer, the resin treatment liquid containing melamine resin of 3 to 25 parts by weight, colloidal silica of 10 to 20 parts by weight, metal powder of 5 to 40 parts by weight, and phosphoric ester of 1 to 5 parts by weight based on phenoxy resin of 100 parts by weight.10-08-2009
20090239249NOVEL THERMOSTABLE GLUCONATE DEHYDRATASE AND USE THEREOF - The present invention relates to a novel thermostable gluconate dehydratase from the thermoacidophilic archaeon 09-24-2009
20090238715STEEL SHEET FOR HOT PRESS FORMING HAVING LOW-TEMPERATURE HEAT TREATMENT PROPERTY, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PARTS USING THE SAME, AND PARTS MANUFACTURED BY THE SAME - A steel sheet for forming having low-temperature heat treatment property, in which heat treatment is performed within a range of lower temperature than a conventional steel sheet in the event of hot press forming or post-heat treatment after cold forming, a method of manufacturing the same, and a method of manufacturing parts using the same. The steel sheet has a composition of, by weight, carbon (C): 0.15 to 0.35%, silicon (Si): 0.5% or less, manganese (Mn): 1.5 to 2.2%, phosphorus (P): 0.025% or less, sulfur (S): 0.01% or less, aluminum (Al): 0.01 to 0.05%, nitrogen (N): 50 to 200 ppm, titanium (Ti): 0.005 to 0.05%, tungsten (W): 0.005 to 0.1%, and boron (B): 1 to 50 ppm, wherein Ti/N: less than 3.4, where Ti/N is the atomic ratio of the corresponding elements, Ceq expressed by the following formula ranges from 0.48 to 0.58, and temperature Ar3 ranges from 670° C. to 725° C. Wherein Ceq=C+Si/24+Mn/6+Ni/40+Cr/5+V/14 where C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr and V indicate the contents (wt %) of the respective elements.09-24-2009
20090203883MUSSEL BIOADHESIVE - The present invention relates to a bioadhesive derived from mussel. In particular, it relates to a novel MGFP-3A MUTANT (08-13-2009
20090202382HIGH MANGANESE STEEL STRIPS WITH EXCELLENT COATABILITY AND SUPERIOR SURFACE PROPERTY, COATED STEEL STRIPS USING STEEL STRIPS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE STEEL STRIPS - A high-ductility, high-strength and high Mn steel strip used for steel strips of automobiles requiring superior formability and high strength, a plated steel strip produced by using the same, and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The high Mn steel strip comprises, by weight %, 0.2˜1.5% of C, 10˜25% of Mn, 0.01˜3.0% of Al, 0.005˜2.0% of Si, 0.03% or less of P, 0.03% or less of S, 0.040% or less of N, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities. The high-ductility, high-strength and high Mn steel strip, and the plated steel strip produced by using the same have superior surface properties and plating characteristics.08-13-2009
20090186413MUSSEL ADHESIVE PROTEIN AS GENE DELIVERY - The present invention is related to a composition and a method for delivering a nucleic acid into a cell. The invention also provides a biocompatible and biodegradable gene delivery composition and methods of use and making thereof.07-23-2009
20090136742Ag-containing solution, antibacterial resin composition comprising the solution and antibacterial resin coated steel plate - An aqueous silver-containing solution comprising nano-sized silver particles wherein silver (Ag) particles having a particle diameter of 1 to 20 nm have a concentration of 200 to 100,000 ppm, the pH of the solution is maintained in a range of 6 to 8.5, and based on the weight of the silver-containing solution, an amount of a stabilizer as an impurity is in a range of 0.5 to 1.5% by weight, an amount of anions of a silver salt as another impurity is 1.0% by weight or less and the total amount of the stabilizer and anions of the silver salt is 2.0% by weight or less; an antibacterial resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of an acrylic, urethane, epoxy or ester resin, 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of a curing agent and a silver-containing solution in an amount such that a concentration of silver is in a range of 5 to 100 ppm, relative to the resin composition; and an antibacterial resin-coated steel plate having a dry film thickness of not more than 5 μm which is formed by coating of the aqueous antibacterial resin composition. Steel plates coated with the antibacterial resin composition exhibit superior antibacterial properties, corrosion resistance, conductivity and adhesion.05-28-2009
20090126837COLD ROLLED STEEL SHEET HAVING SUPERIOR FORMABILITY AND HIGH YIELD RATIO, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME - Disclosed herein is a Nb—Ti composite IF steel in which fine precipitates, such as CuS precipitates, having a size of 0.2 μm or less are distributed. The distribution of fine precipitates in the Nb—Ti composite IF steel enhances the yield strength and lowers the in-plane anisotropy index. The nanometer-sized precipitates allow the formation of minute crystal grains. As a result, dissolved carbon is present in a larger amount in the crystal grain boundaries than within the crystal grains, which is advantageous in terms of room-temperature non-aging properties and bake handenability.05-21-2009
20090126047REGULATOR FOR FLOWERING TIME, TRANSGENIC PLANT TRANSFORMED WITH THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR REGULATING FLOWERING TIME - The present invention relates to a flowering-time and/or stem elongation regulator isolated from rice, which is selected from OsMADS50, OsMADSS1, OsMADS56, OsMADS14, OsTRX1, OsVIN1, OsCOL4 and OsCOLS, a DNA construct containing the regulator, a transgenic plant, a part thereof, and plant cell transformed with the DNA construct, and method to control flowering-time and/or stem elongation using the regulator. In the present invention, the flowering-time and/or stem elongation can be controlled, and thereby, various agricultural benefits obtained.05-14-2009
20090118197Immune-Modulating Peptide - Disclosed are peptides having SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 24 that induce superoxide generation by human monocytes or neutrophils; that induce an intracellular calcium increase by human peripheral blood monocytes or neutrophils; binds to formyl peptide receptor or formyl peptide receptor-like 1; that induce chemotactic migration of human monocytes or neutrophils in vitro; that induce degranulation in formyl peptide receptor expressing cells or formyl peptide receptor-like 1 expressing cells; that stimulate extracellular signal regulated protein kinase phosphorylation via activation of formyl peptide receptor or formyl peptide receptor-like 1; or that stimulate Akt phosphorylation via activation of formyl peptide receptor or formyl peptide receptor-like 1.05-07-2009
20090117287MODIFICATION METHOD OF MICROCHANNELS OF PDMS MICROCHIP USING SOL-GEL SOLUTION - The present invention provides a method for modification of microchannels of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchip, which includes the steps of: a) mixing an alkoxysilane precursor, an alkyl alkoxysilane precursor, and a solvent to prepare a sol-gel solution; b) oxidizing microchannels of the PDMS microchip; and c) coating the oxidized microchannels with the sol-gel solution prepared in step a). The PDMS microchip modified according to the method of the present invention shows higher hydrophilicity than an unmodified PDMS microchip. And, when the modified PDMS channels are filled with an organic solvent, channel swelling can be reduced, and thus various organic solvents can be used for the modified PDMS microchip compared to an unmodified PDMS microchip. Further, it can be widely applied for various fields because absorptivity of non-polar substances can be reduced.05-07-2009
20090114149GAS WIPING APPARATUS - A gas wiping apparatus for use in coating a molten metal onto a steel strip. In the apparatus, a chamber, to which a high pressure gas is supplied, defines a multistage uniform pressure space. A lip support unit is associated with a front of the chamber to allow the high pressure gas to flow therethrough, the lip support unit supporting the apparatus against load. Upper and lower lips are associated with a front of the lip support unit to cooperatively define an outlet. The upper lip adjusts a gap of a gas outlet cooperatively with the lower lip, and can be easily installed in a lip support unit while adjusting the gap of the gas outlet stably. Also, edge over coating (EOC) of the steel strip can be prevented without an additional auxiliary nozzle.05-07-2009
20090099715Method and Apparatus for Control and Safe Braking in Personal Rapid Transit Systems with Linear Induction Motors - A speed control system for controlling vehicle speed of one or more vehicles in a personal rapid transit system when the one or more vehicles travel along a track, the personal rapid transit system including a vehicle propulsion system including one or more motors, each motor being adapted to generate a thrust for propelling one of the one or more vehicles. The speed control system includes: a speed regulation subsystem adapted to control the thrust generated by at least one of said motors based on one or more sensor signals received from vehicle position and/or speed sensors, so as to control the speed of the one or more vehicles; and a vehicle control system included in each of said one or more vehicles and adapted to activate, independently from the speed regulation subsystem, an emergency brake mounted on said vehicle.04-16-2009
20090074605HIGH MANGANESE HIGH STRENGTH STEEL SHEETS WITH EXCELLENT CRASHWORTHINESS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING OF IT - There are provided a high-workability high strength steel sheet with excellent workability due to the high elongation and excellent crashworthiness due to the high yield strength, and a method for manufacturing of it. The high manganese steel sheet includes, by weight: carbon (C): 0.2 to 1.5%, manganese (Mn): 10 to 25%, aluminum (Al): 0.01 to 3.0%, phosphorus (P) 0.03% or less, sulfur (S): 0.03% or less, nitrogen (N): 0.040% or less, at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon (Si): 0.02 to 2.5%, titanium (Ti): 0.01 to 0.10% and niobium (Nb): 0.01 to 0.10%, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities. The high manganese steel sheet may be a hot-rolled steel sheet, a cold-rolled steel sheet, or a plated steel sheet, and is suitable for elaborate internal sheets as well as structural members of a car body since it has press workability due to the high elongation and high strain hardening index. Also, the high manganese steel sheet may be used for parts such as a front side member of an automobile since, among its characteristics, the steel sheet has an excellent impact absorbing ability.03-19-2009
20090063692BIDIRECTIONAL FLOW SERVICE SUPPORT METHOD IN IEEE 802.16/WIBRO SYSTEM - Provided is a bidirectional service flow management method in a wideband wireless connection communication system, and more particularly, a method of performing a bidirectional flow establishment. The method of providing a flow service in an IEEE 802.16/WiBro includes: generating a revised dynamic service addition (DSA) related message in which an area for designating bidirectional flow management information is allocated from a standard DSA related message; and performing a bidirectional flow initialization process between a subscriber station (SS) and a base station (BS) via single control message negotiation based on the revised DSA related message.03-05-2009
20090059889rtPS CLASS OF IEEE 802.16/WiBro SYSTEM - Provided is a real-time polling service (rtPS) class of an IEEE 802.16/WiBro system. An rtPS scheduling method of the IEEE 802.16/WiBro system includes subscriber station (SS) located in a network where the IEEE 802.16/WiBro system is realized inserting a timestamp indicating time information when uplink data is transmitted from an application layer of the SS into the uplink data; and after the SS receives polling from a base station (BS), comparing the timestamp inserted into the uplink data and a current time, and, if a difference between the timestamp and the current time is greater than a predetermined period of time, firstly dropping the uplink data.03-05-2009
20090059847UNSOLICITED GRANT SERVICE CLASS OF IEEE 802.16/WiBro SYSTEM - Provided is a traffic class of an IEEE 802.16/WiBro system. The unsolicited grant service (UGS) scheduling method with regard to a subscriber station (SS) and a base station (BS) that are disposed in a network wherein an IEEE 802.16/WiBro system is realized, the method includes: when the SS requires 1 through M (where M is a positive integer) UGS flows, and the BS serves 1 through N (where N is a positive integer) frames, the BS storing grant periods and guaranteed sizes that are granted to the M UGS flows in each N frame; and the BS comparing service capacity of a frame and a sum of guaranteed sizes of each flow belonging to the N frames, and determining if an overload occurs.03-05-2009
20090053556HIGH MN STEEL SHEET FOR HIGH CORROSION RESISTANCE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING GALVANIZING THE STEEL SHEET - A high-manganese hot-dip coated steel sheet is disclosed which provides high corrosion resistance, high ductility and high strength, mainly used for inner and outer panels of automobiles, and a method of manufacturing the same. The high-manganese hot-dip coated steel sheet includes a substrate steel sheet having a composition of (in weight %) 0.1 to 1.5% of C, 5 to 35% of Mn, and the remainder includes Fe and other unavoidable impurities, and a hot-dip zinc coating layer formed on the substrate steel sheet, the hot-dip zinc coating layer having a composition of (in weight %) 0.1 to 10% of Mn, 5 to 15% of Fe, and the remainder including Zn and other unavoidable impurities.02-26-2009
20090034464RESOURCE MANAGEMENT METHOD IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Provided is a resource management method in a communication system, and more particularly, a resource management method based on priority in a wireless communication system. The resource management method in a wireless management network includes: setting a priority factor value with regard to a link flow for which link establishment is requested; and if a capacity required by the flow for which link establishment is requested exceeds a remaining capacity of a base station, increasing the remaining capacity of the base station by sequentially reducing a minimum reserved rate (MRR) value of flows that receive a service at a lower priority than the flow for which link establishment is requested to a maximum sustained rate (MSR) value, until the remaining capacity required by the flow for which link establishment is requested is generated.02-05-2009
20090028478BEARING DEVICE FOR ROLL OF HOT DIPPING BATH IN CONTINUOUS HOT DIP COATING LINE - In a bearing device for a roll of a hot dipping bath, i.e., zinc pot, a sleeve is fastened to a shaft of the roll of the hot dipping bath in a continuous hot dip coating line, i.e., a continuous galvanizing line. A bush housing has a bush internally fixed to support the sleeve, and a curved annular outer surface. Also, bush housing fixed rings are fixed to both inner sides of a fixed ring housing which is associated with a rig of the hot dipping bath roll. Each of the bush housing fixed rings has a curved annular inner surface supporting the bush housing at both sides thereof and in abutment with the curved annular outer surface of the bush housing. The invention allows the steel sheet to be coated with molten metal stably and speedily with high efficiency. Also, the bush and sleeve of the bearing device are not locally worn away, thereby extending useful life of the roll.01-29-2009
20090020196Cold Rolled Steel Sheet Having Aging Resistance and Superior Formability, and Process for Producing the Same - A cold rolled steel sheet, and a method of manufacturing the same, designed to have aging resistance and excellent formability suitable for use in automobile bodies, electronic appliances, and the like. The cold rolled steel sheet comprises in weight %: 0.003% or less of C, 0.003˜0.03% of S, 0.01˜0.1% of Al, 0.02% or less of N, 0.2% or less of P, at least one of 0.03˜0.2% of Mn and 0.005˜0.2% of Cu, and a balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities. When the steel sheet comprises one of Mn and Cu, the composition of Mn, Cu, and S satisfies at least one relationship: 0.58*Mn/S≦10 and 1≦0.5*Cu/S≦10, and when the steel sheet comprises both Mn and Cu, the composition of Mn, Cu, and S satisfies the relationship: Mn+Cu≦0.3 and 2≦0.5*(Mn+Cu)/S≦20. Participates of MnS, CuS, and (Mn, Cu)S in the steel sheet have an average size of 0.2 μm or less. Since carbon content in a solid solution state in a crystal grain is controlled by fine precipitates of MnS, CuS, or (Mn, Cu)S, the steel sheet has enhanced aging resistance and formability, and has excellent yield strength and strength-ductility.01-22-2009
20090008841Apparatus for Manufacturing Molten Irons - An apparatus for manufacturing molten iron includes i) at least one fluidized-bed reduction reactor that converts iron ore into reduced materials by reducing and plasticizing the iron ore, ii) a melter-gasifier into which the reduced materials are charged and oxygen is injected such that the melter-gasifier manufactures molten iron, and iii) a reducing gas supply line that supplies a reducing gas discharged from the melter-gasifier into the fluidized-bed reduction reactor. The fluidized-bed reduction reactor includes a gas injector that injects a gas into the fluidized-bed reduction reactor to remove stagnating layers.01-08-2009
20080307968Apparatus and Method for Recovering Carbon Dioxide from Flue Gas Using Ammonia Water - An apparatus and method for absorbing and recovering carbon dioxide from flue gas using ammonia water as an absorbent, including an absorption column and a circulation cooler connected to the absorption column so that a high-temperature absorbent is recovered from the absorption column, cooled to a preset temperature, and then supplied again into the absorption column, in order to dissipate absorptive heat generated when carbon dioxide is absorbed from the flue gas.12-18-2008
20080302212Method for Manufacturing Molten Irons and Apparatus for Manufacturing Molten Irons - A method for manufacturing molten iron that improves charging and discharge of the fine iron ore, and an apparatus for manufacturing molten iron using the same. The apparatus for manufacturing molten iron includes i) at least one fluidized-bed reduction reactor that reduces fine iron ore and converts the fine iron ore into reduced iron, ii) a fine iron ore charging bin that supplies the fine iron ore to the fluidized-bed reduction reactor, iii) a fine iron ore charging line that directly connects the fine iron ore charging bin to each of the fluidized-bed reduction reactors, and directly charges the fine iron ore into each of the fluidized-bed reduction reactor, iv) a melter-gasifier into which lumped carbonaceous materials and the reduced iron are charged and oxygen is injected, the melter-gasifier manufacturing molten iron, and v) a reducing gas supply line that supplies a reducing gas discharged from the melter-gasifier to the fluidized-bed reduction reactor.12-11-2008
20080296813Hearth Roll Apparatus for Annealing Furnace - A hearth roll apparatus for feeding a strip sheet in an annealing furnace is disclosed. The hearth roll apparatus includes a ceramic tube which is provided inside the annealing furnace to contactingly feed a strip sheet, a roll shaft which is coupled to a first end of the ceramic tube and extends across the annealing furnace through the ceramic tube, a tube fixing sleeve which is coupled to a second end of the ceramic tube and through which a portion of the roll shaft is inserted, and a tension generating unit which interlocks with the roll shaft and the tube fixing sleeve and supplies a tensile force for stretching the roll shaft in a longitudinal direction. Accordingly, thermal deformation like creep buy which the roll shaft is bent down is minimized, and a line speed of the strip sheet can be increased by high-speed rotation of the hearth roll.12-04-2008
20080296336Wire Guider of Air Guide Type - A wire guider includes a guiding unit having an inner path extending along the running direction of the wire to guide the running of the wire and an air supply unit for supplying air into the inner path to form a spiral air flow having a current rate faster than a running rate of the wire between an outer surface of the wire and an inner surface of the inner path. Wire Vibration resulting from a thrust force of mill rolls can be damped to more stably carry out one-direction running of the wire and minimize contact between the wire and a guide path. This reduces surface defects of the wire and abrasion of the guide system and protects a sensor unit from damage.12-04-2008
20080295928Method for Manufacturing High Strength Steel Strips with Superior Formability and Excellent Coatability - A method for manufacturing a steel sheet used for structural members, elements, etc. of automobiles including a front side member, pillar, and the like, and more particularly, a method for manufacturing a steel sheet having a high strength and formability as well as hot-dip galvanizing properties is disclosed. In the method, after an aluminum killed steel slab, which comprises, by weight %,: C: 0.05% to 0.25%; Si: 0.1% to 1.5%; S: 0.02% or less; N: 0.01% or less; Al: 0.02% to 2.0%; Mn: 1.0% to 2.5%; P: 0.001% to 0.1%; Sb: 0.005% to 0.10%; the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities, is subjected to a homogenization treatment at a temperature range of 1050° C. to 1300° C., the aluminum killed steel slab is subjected to a hot rolling under a finishing hot rolling temperature of 850° C. to 950° C. and a coiling temperature of 400° C. to 700° C., followed by a cold rolling under a cold rolling reduction ration of 30% to 80%, and annealing the cold rolled steel sheet.12-04-2008
20080295923Carbon Steel Sheet Superior in Formability and Manufacturing Method Thereof - A carbon steel sheet having high formability due to a microscopic and uniform carbide distribution and having a good characteristic of final heat treatment, and a manufacturing method thereof. The carbon steel sheet having excellent formability, includes, in wt %, C at 0.2-0.5%, Mn at 0.1-1.2%, Si at less than or equal to 0.4%, Cr at less than or equal to 0.5%, Al at 0.01-0.1%, S at less than or equal to 0.012%, Ti at less than or equal to 0.5×48/14×[N]% when the condition of B(atomic %)/N(atomic %)>1 is satisfied or by 0.5×48/14×[N]% to 0.03% when the condition of B and N is not satisfied, B at 0.0005-0.0080%, N at less than or equal to 0.006%, Fe, and extra inevitable elements; an average size of carbide is less than or equal to 1 μm; and an average grain size of ferrite is less than or equal to 5 μm.12-04-2008
20080295647Apparatus for Manufacturing Molten Irons By Injecting Fine Coals Into a Melter-Gasifier and the Method Using the Same - The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing molten irons by injecting fine carbonaceous materials into a melter-gasifier and a method for manufacturing molten irons using the same. The method for manufacturing molten irons according to the present invention includes steps of reducing mixtures containing iron ores in a reduction reactor and converting the mixtures containing iron ores into reduced materials, preparing lumped carbonaceous materials containing volatile matters as a heating source for melting the reduced materials, charging the lumped carbonaceous materials into a dome-shaped upper portion of a melter-gasifier and forming a coal packed bed, preparing fine carbonaceous materials containing volatile matters as a heating source for melting the reduced materials, injecting oxygen and the fine carbonaceous materials into the coal packed bed through a tuyere installed in the melter-gasifier, charging the reduced materials into the melter-gasifier connected to the reduction reactor and manufacturing molten irons, and supplying reducing gas in the melter-gasifier made from volatile matters contained both in the lumped carbonaceous materials and the fine carbonaceous materials to the reduction reactor.12-04-2008
20080292894Chrome Free Composition for Metal Surface Treatment and Surface-Treated Metal Sheet - A chrome free composition for metal surface treatment and a surface-treated metal sheet can provide excellent characteristics of high conductivity, corrosion resistance, alkali resistance, and high temperature and humidity resistance. The composition includes a vinyl based binder resin, an acryl based binder resin, and a solvent. In the vinyl based binder resin, a corrosion-resistant inorganic material is combined, and an amount of the vinyl based binder resin is in a range of 10 weight % to 70 weight % with respect to a total solid content. In the acryl based binder resin, a corrosion-resistant inorganic material is combined, and an amount of the acryl based binder resin is in a range of 15 weight % to 75 weight % with respect to the total solid content. An amount of the corrosion resistance inorganic material is in a range of 3 weight % to 25 weight % with respect to a total solid content.11-27-2008
20080286603Steel Sheet for Hot Press Forming Having Excellent Heat Treatment and Impact Property, Hot Press Parts Made of It and the Method for Manufacturing Thereof - Disclosed is a steel sheet that exhibits an ultra-high strength after hot press forming followed by rapid cooling, and an enhanced yield strength after painting. The steel sheet has a composition comprising 0.1% to 0.5% by weight of C, 0.01% to 1.0% by weight of Si, 0.5% to 4.0% by weight of Mn, 0.1% by weight or less of P, 0.03% by weight or less of S, 0.1% by weight of soluble Al, 0.01% to 0.1% by weight of N, 0.3% by weight or less of W, and the balance Fe and other inevitable impurities. Further disclosed are a hot-pressed part made of the steel sheet and a method for manufacturing the hot-pressed part. The hot-pressed part achieves a high increment in yield strength after heat treatment for painting while ensuring an ultra-high tensile strength. Furthermore, the hot-pressed part exhibits superior adhesion to a coating layer, good surface appearance and improved corrosion resistance after painting.11-20-2008
20080277842Apparatus for Manufacturing Molten Irons - An apparatus for manufacturing molten iron includes i) at least one fluidized-bed reduction reactor that reduces and plasticizes iron ore and converts the iron ore into reduced materials, ii) a melter-gasifier into which the reduced ore is charged and oxygen is injected, the melter-gasifier manufacturing molten iron, and iii) a reducing gas supply line that supplies a reducing gas discharged from the melter-gasifier to the fluidized-bed reduction reactor. The fluidized-bed reduction reactor includes a cyclone that is installed in the fluidized-bed reduction reactor to collect fine iron ore. A gas injector, which prevents the fine ore from adhering by injecting gas containing carbon, is connected to the cyclone.11-13-2008
20080274978Peptides That Antagonize Fpr Class Receptor Mediated Signaling - The present application discloses W-rich peptide that is useful for inhibiting FPR class receptor activity.11-06-2008
20080257647Apparatus and Method for Supplying Lubricant in Endless Hot Rolling Equipment - A lubricant supply apparatus for endless hot rolling equipment includes a width-detecting sensor for detecting widths of steel sheets continuously supplied toward a roller, a controller connected to the width-detecting sensor, a lubricant pump connected to and controlled by the controller to supply a lubricant to a lubricant line, solenoid valves disposed on sub lines formed by dividing the lubricant line and controlled by the controller to supply or cut off the lubricant, a water pump connected to and controlled by the controller to supply water to a water line, mixers for mixing the lubricant and the water supplied to the water line for each of the sub lines, and nozzles connected respectively to the mixers and disposed according to a width of the roller so as to spray a mixture onto the roller according to the widths of the steel sheets.10-23-2008
20080251167Bake-Hardenable Cold Rolled Steel Sheet With Superior Strength, Galvannealed Steel Sheet Using the Cold Rolled Steel Sheet and Method for Manufacturing the Cold Rolled Steel Sheet - A cold-rolled steel sheet for outer panels and the like of an automobile body, a galvannealed steel sheet using the cold-rolled steel sheet, and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high strength cold-rolled steel sheet, which has superior bake hardenability, aging resistance at room temperature and secondary work embrittlement resistance, and a method for manufacturing the same. The steel sheet has a grain size of ASTM No. of 9 or more after annealing, a BH of 30 MPa or more, an AI of 30 MPa or less, and a tensile strength of 340˜390 MPa through appropriate control of solute elements in steel by addition of a small amount of Ti, addition of Al and Mo, and control of manufacturing conditions, and refinement of crystal grains after annealing. The cold-rolled steel sheet and the galvannealed steel sheet produced using the cold-rolled steel sheet have the superior bake hardenability, aging resistance at room temperature, and secondary work embrittlement resistance.10-16-2008
20080251166Precipitation Hardening Cold Rolled Steel Sheet Having Excellent Yield Ratios, and the Method for Manufacturing the Same - Disclosed herein is a precipitation hardening cold-rolled steel sheet and method for manufacturing the same, which can be used for structural components such as seat rails and the like of a vehicle body. The steel sheet comprises, by weight %, C: 0.07˜0.1%, Mn: 1.4˜1.7%, P: 0.05˜0.07%, S: 0.005% or less, acid-soluble Al: 0.1˜0.15%, Nb: 0.06˜0.09%, B: 0.0008˜0.0012%, Sb: 0.02˜0.06%, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities. The steel sheet has a yield strength of 750 MPa or more and a yield ratio of 85% or more, and is free from surface defects due to a very low degree of oxide enrichment on the surface thereof.10-16-2008
20080240969High Strength Hot Rolled Steel Sheet Containing High Mn Content with Excellent Workability and Method for Manufacturing the Same - A hot rolled steel sheet used for a bumper reinforceing material or for an impact absorption material in a door of automobiles, and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The steel sheet comprises, by weight%, C: 0.2%˜1%, Mn: 8˜15%, S: 0.05% or less, P: 0.03% or less, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities. A product of tensile strength and total elongation (TS×ToLEl) of the steel sheet is 24,000 MPa % or more. The method provides a high strength hot rolled steel sheet, which has a high strength-elongation balance value, ensuring excellent workability.10-02-2008
20080210346Method of Manufacturing Super Formable High Strength Steel Sheet - A super formable high strength thin steel sheet suitable for use in various applications, e.g., automobiles, and a method for manufacturing the thin steel sheet. The thin steel sheet has a composition which comprises 0.010 wt % or less of C, 0.02 wt % or less of Si, 1.5 wt % or less of Mn, 0.03-0.15 wt % or less of P, 0.02 wt % or less of S, 0.03-0.40 wt % of Sol. Al, 0.004 wt % or less of N, 0.005-0.040 wt % of Ti, 0.002-0.020 wt % of Nb, one or both of 0.001-0.02 wt % of B and 0.005-0.02 wt % of Mo, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the components P, Mn, Ti, Nb and B satisfy the relationship represented by the following Formulae 1-1 and 1-2, depending on a desired tensile strength: Formula 1-1—tensile strength: 35 kg and 40 kg grades 29.1+89.4P(%)+3.9Mn(%)−133.8Ti(%)+157.5Nb(%)+0.18[B(ppm) or Mo(%)] 15=3544.9 Formula 1-2—tensile strength: 45 kg grade 29.1+98.3P(%)+4.6Mn(%)86.5Ti(%)62.5Nb(%)+0.21 [B(ppm) or Mo(%)]—4550, the components Ti, N, C and Nb satisfy the relationship represented by the following Formula 2: 0.6≦(1/0.65)(Ti−3.43N)/4C≦3.5, and Formula 3: 0.4≦(1/0.35)(Nb/7.75C)≦2.2.09-04-2008
20080207490Glucose Uptake Modulator and Method for Treating Diabetes or Diabetic Complications - The present invention relates to an glucose uptake modulator, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the glucose uptake modulator, and a method of treating a diabetes or diabetic complications in a mammal in need thereof, which comprises administering to said mammal an effecting amount of a glucose uptake modulator.08-28-2008
20080206592Galvanized Stell-Sheet Without Spangle, Manufacturing Method Thereof and Device Used Therefor - A spangle-free, hot-dip galvanized steel sheet, and a method and device for manufacturing the same. The hot-dip galvanized steel sheet is characterized in that a solidified zinc crystal of hot-dip galvanized layer has an average crystalline texture particle diameter of 10 to 88 μm and there is no solidification traces of dendrites upon observing under a microscope at a magnification of 100×. The method comprises dipping a steel sheet in a bath of a zinc-coating solution containing 0.13 to 0.3% by weight of aluminum; air-wiping the steel sheet to remove an excess of the coating solution; spraying water or an aqueous solution on the air-wiped steel sheet, using a steel sheet temperature in the range of a hot-dip galvanization temperature to 419° C. as a spray initiation temperature and using a steel sheet temperature in the range of 417° C. to 415° C. as a spray completion temperature; passing sprayed liquid droplets of water or aqueous solution through a mesh-like high-voltage charged electrode which is electrically charged with a high voltage of −1 to −50 kV; and allowing the electrode-passed liquid droplets to be bound to the surface of the steel sheet and hereby being served as solidification nuclei of molten zinc.08-28-2008
20080199723Pre-Sealed Steel Sheet With Improved Anti-Corrosion And Weldability And Preparing Method Thereof - Disclosed herein is a weldable pre-sealed steel sheet with improved corrosion resistance and weldability. The pre-sealed steel sheet comprises (a) a metal base, (b) a chromium-free pre-treatment coating layer formed on at least one surface of the metal base, and (c) a pre-sealed resin coating layer formed on at least one surface Chromium-free pretreatment of the chromium-free pretreatment coating layer. Since the weldable pre-sealed steel sheet does not contains heavy metals (e.g., chromium) harmful to humans, it is environmentally friendly. In addition, the weldable pre-sealed steel sheet exhibits superior corrosion resistance, chemical resistance, processability, electrodeposition paintability and adhesiveness after processing, as well as improved weldability.08-21-2008
20080196799Steel Sheet for Deep Drawing Having Excellent Secondary Work Embrittlement Resistance, Fatigue Properties and Plating Properties, and Method for Manufacturing the Same - A steel sheet for deep drawing used for automobiles, and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The steel sheet comprises, by weight %, C: 0.010% or less, Si: 0.02% or less, Mn: 0.06˜1.5%, P: 0.15% or less, S: 0.020% or less, Sol. Al: 0.10˜0.40%, N: 0.010% or less, Ti: 0.003˜0.010%, Nb: 0.003˜0.040%, B: 0.0002˜0.0020%, and the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities, wherein the composition of Ti, Al, B, and N satisfies the relationship: 1.0<(Ti[%]+Al[%]/16+6B[%])/3.43N[%]<4.1, and wherein the composition of Nb, Al, and C satisfies the relationship; 0.7<(Nb[%]+Al[%]/20)/7.75C[%]<3.5. The steel sheet exhibits excellent secondary work embrittlement, fatigue properties of welded joints, and an appealing plated surface as well as excellent formability.08-21-2008

Patent applications by POSCO