FUEL TECH, INC. Patent applications |
Patent application number | Title | Published |
20160129396 | Selective Catalyic NOx Reduction Apparatus Providing Improved Gasification of Urea - Disclosed is an apparatus for gasifying urea from aqueous solution, comprising: a vertically-oriented gasification chamber. A gas inlet opening permits entry of hot gases from the top and a gas outlet opening for permitting the removal of gases including gasified urea from the bottom. Sidewalls define a gasification chamber communicating with the gas inlet and gas outlet. The sidewalls include, an injector support section having a generally cylindrical side wall, at least one injector for introducing fine droplets of aqueous urea parallel to the central vertical axis, and a gas swirling device including a frame and a plurality of vanes for downwardly spiraling gases passing through it from top to bottom. Also, defined by the sidewalls are a conical midsection is provided with an outwardly expanding diameter from top to bottom, and a conical collection section with inwardly decreasing diameter from top to bottom. The apparatus is arranged such that aqueous urea is introduced into a downwardly spiraling flow of hot gases that prevents droplets from contacting chamber sidewalls until gasification is complete. | 05-12-2016 |
20160016113 | Reducing Hydrochloric Acid in Cement Kilns - The description relates to reducing hydrochloric acid in cement kilns. In one aspect, an aqueous copper-based chloride remediator is introduced into contact with combustion gases from a cement kiln. Injection is made into a defined introduction zone under conditions effective for HCl emissions control wherein the temperature is within the range of from 300° F. to 800° F., preferably from 550° F. to 750° F. The resulting d gases are discharged from the defined zone following sufficient reaction time to reduce the HCl concentration in the gases. | 01-21-2016 |
20150110698 | Process for Sulfur Dioxide, Hydrochloric Acid and Mercury Mediation - Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCl and/or Hg in a process employing a combination of a lime-based sorbent, in particular hydrated lime and/or dolomitic hydrated lime, and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SO | 04-23-2015 |
20150107498 | Controlling Injection of Magnesium Oxide for Controlling SO3 with Enhanced Bioler Efficiency - Disclosed is a process for controlling injection of magnesium oxide (or precursor) for reducing the concentration of sulfur trioxide in combustion gases from a combustor burning vanadium and sulfur-containing fuel while operating the boiler with enhanced efficiency. In-fuel introduction is combined with mid-temperature introduction, where both can be operated effectively, are found to be of primary importance. When in-fuel introduction will not be effective due to selectivity problems, feed can be shifted to a high-temperature zone. Where the high- or mid-temperature zone cannot be fully utilized due to obstructions for injection or insufficient soot blowers to address fouling of that zone or boiler operational changes to integrate the magnesium oxide injection is insufficient, an entire or a portion of feed can be shifted to the low-temperature zones. | 04-23-2015 |
20140314651 | Process and Apparatus for Improving the Operation of Wet Scrubbers - The description relates to improving the operation of wet scrubbers, especially those based on calcium carbonate, by reducing the quantities of soluble chlorides in the combustion gases fed to the scrubbers. By converting gaseous HCl in the combustion gases to a solid copper chloride and removing it before the chloride reaches the scrubber, the reactivity of the scrubbing slurry will be better maintained. Combustion gases are treated with an aqueous copper compound referred to as copper-bearing chloride remediator (CBCR). The process is preferably implemented by identifying locations within a combustor for feeding the CBCR, determining the physical form and injection parameters for the CBCR and injecting the CBCR under conditions effective to reduce HCl and/or sulfur oxides. Effective temperatures for introducing the CBCRs are preferably within the range of from about 250° to 900° F. Among the more preferred CBCRs are copper compositions including copper, an organic moiety and/or an ammonia moiety. One composition of this type is copper diamine diacetate, which has an empirical formula of C | 10-23-2014 |
20140241970 | Process and Apparatus for Improving the Operation of Wet Scrubbers - The description relates to improving the operation of wet scrubbers, especially those based on calcium carbonate, by reducing the quantities of soluble chlorides in the combustion gases fed to the scrubbers. By converting gaseous HCl in the combustion gases to a solid copper chloride and removing it before the chloride reaches the scrubber, the reactivity of the scrubbing slurry will be better maintained. Combustion gases are treated with an aqueous copper compound referred to as copper-bearing chloride remediator (CBCR). The process is preferably implemented by identifying locations within a combustor for feeding the CBCR, determining the physical form and injection parameters for the CBCR and injecting the CBCR under conditions effective to reduce HCl and/or sulfur oxides. Effective temperatures for introducing the CBCRs are preferably within the range of from about 250° to 900° F. Among the more preferred CBCRs are copper compositions including copper, an organic moiety and/or an ammonia moiety. One composition of this type is copper diamine diacetate, which has an empirical formula of C | 08-28-2014 |
20130301053 | EXTRACTIVE CONTINUOUS AMMONIA MONITORING SYSTEM - Disclosed are methods and apparatus for treating and analyzing a gas stream to determine the ammonia concentration. A gas stream is continuously monitored to determine the ammonia concentration by extracting gas samples from one or more locations and sending it to a tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy instrument for analysis. By proper placement of sampling probes within a duct, depending on the particular flow patterns that have been determined by suitable modeling, e.g., computational fluid dynamics or cold flow modeling, the valves can be operated manually or by a controller to take samples at predetermined locations within the duct. This will enable taking samples from particular locations, samples representative of the entire cross section, or samples that are an average of a particular cross section. It will be possible by judicious placement of the probes and operation of the valves to map the concentrations of ammonia at a plurality of load settings and will permit continuous control. | 11-14-2013 |
20130294987 | Dry Processes, Apparatus Compositions and Systems for Reducing Mercury, Sulfur Oxides and HCl - Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of mercury and optionally sulfur oxides and/or HCl. In an embodiment the copper-based mercury remediation composition comprises a copper ammonium complex having an empirical formula of C | 11-07-2013 |
20130287669 | AMMONIA GAS GENERATION FROM UREA FOR LOW TEMPERATURE PROCESS REQUIREMENTS - Disclosed are methods and apparatus for providing an ammonia feed for a low-temperature process. The process includes two defined stages, gasification and hydrolysis. In a first stage thermal reactor, an aqueous urea solution is fed to a gasification chamber and heated gases are controlled in response to demand from a low temperature process requiring ammonia. The heated gases and aqueous urea are introduced into the gasification chamber upstream to fully gasify the solution of aqueous urea to a first stage gas stream comprising ammonia and isocyanic acid. The first stage gas stream is withdrawn and maintained hot enough to prevent solids formation. All amounts of urea feed, water and heated gases fed into the first stage thermal reactor are monitored and adjusted as necessary to achieve efficient hydrolysis in the second stage hydrolysis reactor. The second stage gas stream is withdrawn from the second stage reactor responsive to demand from a low temperature process requiring ammonia. | 10-31-2013 |
20130039827 | Selective Catalytic NOx Reduction Process and Control System - A process and an apparatus enhance urea utilization for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO | 02-14-2013 |
20120288952 | DIAGNOSTIC TOOL AND PROCESS FOR ASSESSING THERMAL UREA GASIFICATION PERFORMANCE - Disclosed are methods and apparatus for treating and analyzing a gas stream to determine the effectiveness of urea gasification. The apparatus will be capable of performing the method and will include: means for introducing an aqueous solution of urea into a reactor having hot gases therein and subjecting the aqueous to temperatures for a time to assure the gasification of the aqueous urea and form a thermal gasification product stream containing NH | 11-15-2012 |
20110203498 | Methods, Apparatus and Systems for Improving the Operation of Cyclone Boilers - A process that uses targeted in-furnace Injection to feed a fluxing agent of the chemical family of compositions containing boron and/or alkali hydrates to either decrease heat transfer on waterwalls of utility furnaces burning solid fuels to improve steam generation, maintain steam temperature, and/or allow a protective layer of slag to form inside the barrels of cyclones on cyclone boilers burning fuels high in calcium so that the boiler can operate at a wider variety of power settings while allowing proper flow and drainage of slag from the cyclone barrels. | 08-25-2011 |
20110002830 | SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION OF NOx ENABLED BY SIDESTREAM UREA DECOMPOSITION - A preferred apparatus arrangement utilizes the enthalpy of the flue gas, which can be supplemented if need be, to convert urea ( | 01-06-2011 |
20100061907 | Selective Catalytic NOx Reduction Process and Control System - Disclosed is a system which enables the efficient utilization of urea for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO | 03-11-2010 |
20100055014 | Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx Enabled by Urea Decomposition Heat-Exchanger Bypass - Disclosed are a process and apparatus for selective catalytic reduction of NO | 03-04-2010 |
20100006014 | TARGETED REAGENT INJECTION FOR SLAG CONTROL FROM COMBUSTION OF COALS HIGH IN IRON AND/OR CALCIUM - Disclosed is a process that increases the output of a combustor fired with coal having high iron and/or calcium content, by reducing the tendency of slag to form on heat exchange surfaces and changing the nature of the slag to make it easier to remove. The process includes combusting a slag-forming coal, having high iron and/or calcium content, with an overall excess of oxygen; moving the resulting combustion gases though heat exchange equipment under conditions which cause cooling of slag formed by burning the fuel; and prior to contact with said heat exchange equipment, introducing aqueous aluminum trihydroxide in amounts and with droplet sizes and concentrations effective to decrease the rate of fouling, and preferably, increase the friability of the resulting slag. Desirably, the aluminum trihydroxide reagent is introduced in the form of an aqueous liquid and computational fluid dynamics is employed to determine flow rates and select reagent introduction rates, reagent introduction location(s), reagent concentration, reagent droplet size and/or reagent momentum. In a preferred aspect, the feed rate will up to about 6 pounds ATH per ton and preferably with up to about 2 pounds Mg(OH) | 01-14-2010 |
20090297417 | SELECTIVE CATALYTIC NOx REDUCTION PROCESS AND APPARATUS PROVIDING IMPROVED GASSIFICATION OF UREA TO FORM AMMONIA-CONTAINING GAS - Disclosed are methods and apparatus enabling the efficient utilization of urea for purposes such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO | 12-03-2009 |