MIASOLE Patent applications |
Patent application number | Title | Published |
20140102891 | Manufacturing Apparatus and Method for Large-Scale Production of Thin-Film Solar Cells - A method of manufacturing improved thin-film solar cells entirely by sputtering includes a high efficiency back contact/reflecting multi-layer containing at least one barrier layer consisting of a transition metal nitride. A copper indium gallium diselenide (Cu(In | 04-17-2014 |
20130337602 | Sputtering Target Including a Feature to Reduce Chalcogen Build Up and Arcing on a Backing Tube - A sputtering target has a cylindrical backing tube having two edges and a sidewall comprising a middle portion located between two end portions. The sputtering material is on the backing tube. The sputtering material does not cover at least one end portion of the backing tube. The sputtering target also has a feature which prevents or reduces at least one of chalcogen buildup and arcing at the at least one end portion of the backing tube not covered by the sputtering material. | 12-19-2013 |
20130174885 | ELECTRICAL ROUTING STRUCTURES FOR BUILDING INTEGRABLE PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAYS - Provided are electrical routing structures for installing on buildings and for interconnecting adjacent rows of building integrable photovoltaic (BIPV) modules at the ends of these rows. The electrical routing structures may be also used for sealing interfaces with other building components, such as asphalt shingles. An electrical routing structure may include a base, top flap, side flap, and one or two connectors. After the structure is installed, the base is aligned with photovoltaic portions of BIPV modules in one row and bridges a gap between photovoltaic portions of BIPV modules in two adjacent rows. The connectors may be used to interconnect BIPV modules positioned at the ends of two adjacent rows. | 07-11-2013 |
20130169056 | MULTI-MODULE INVERTERS AND CONVERTERS FOR BUILDING INTEGRABLE PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES - Provided are multi-module inverters and/or converters for connecting to a set of building integrable photovoltaic (BIPV) modules that are interconnected in series and arranged into photovoltaic arrays on building structures. Outputs from multiple multi-module inverters and/or converters in one array may be combined using parallel connections and then connected to an electrical grid, standalone electrical network, or central inverter. Each set is connected to a different multi-module inverter and/or converter and may have a variable number of BIPV modules. A multi-module inverter and/or converter may be positioned within or integrated into one of the BIPV modules or attached to a building structure supporting the array. In certain embodiments, a multi-module inverter and/or converter is installed in a ventilation channel on the back side of a module. A multi-module inverter and/or converter may be also integrated into an electrical routing structure connected to one of the BIPV modules. | 07-04-2013 |
20130160831 | Reactive Sputtering of ZnS(O,H) and InS(O,H) for Use as a Buffer Layer - A method of manufacturing a solar cell including providing a substrate, depositing a first electrode over the substrate and depositing at least one p-type semiconductor absorber layer over the first electrode. The p-type semiconductor absorber layer comprises a copper indium selenide (CIS) based alloy material. The method also includes depositing by reactive sputtering an n-type In-VI semiconductor layer over the at least one p-type semiconductor absorber layer and depositing a second electrode over the n-type In-VI semiconductor layer. | 06-27-2013 |
20130146444 | Magnetron With Gradually Increasing Magnetic Field Out of Turnarounds - A magnetron include a center plurality of magnets and an outer plurality of magnets arranged around the center plurality of magnets in a shape of two long sections and two shorter turnaround sections. The outer plurality of magnets are configured with at least one region of weaker magnetic field strength in at least one of the two long sections and adjacent to one of the two turnaround sections. | 06-13-2013 |
20130146125 | INTEGRATED JUMPERS FOR BUILDING INTEGRABLE PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES - Provided are novel building integrable photovoltaic (BIPV) modules having integrated jumpers for interconnecting similar modules in adjacent rows. An integrated jumper is provided on a back side of the photovoltaic portion of the module and includes at least two interconnected jumper contact points. The module also has two connectors provided on the front side of its flap portion. Each connector has at least one connector contact point connected to one or more photovoltaic cells of the module. When a module is positioned over flap portions of two other modules previously installed in an adjacent row, the two jumper contact points on the back side of this new module make electrical connections to the two connector contact points on the front side of the installed modules. In turn, these connections interconnect the photovoltaic cells of the two modules without any need for additional connectors or operations. | 06-13-2013 |
20130133723 | Solar Panel with Integrated Mounting Clip/Shipping Support - An integral mounting and shipping support device. The device includes a mounting structure and a shipping support structure. The shipping support structure is configured to grip an object to be shipped. The device also includes a first stacking structure and a second stacking structure. The first stacking structure of a first mounting and shipping support device is configured to couple with the second stacking structure of a second mounting and shipping support device. | 05-30-2013 |
20130133721 | OFFSET BUILDING INTEGRABLE PHOTOVOLTAIC STRUCTURES AND ASSEMBLIES HAVING MULTI-CONDUCTOR RETURN LINES - Provided are novel building integrable photovoltaic (BIPV) structures having multiple photovoltaic portions offset with respect to each other along their lengths. An offset direction can correspond to the length of a row of installed BIPV structures. In some embodiments, a BIPV structure may include three offset photovoltaic portions and three corresponding flap portions for extending under photovoltaic portions of adjacent structures and sealing interfaces between installed structures. The novel BIPV structures can facilitate installation, while providing the flexibility to avoid obstacles. Provided also are novel BIM/assemblies having multi-conductor return lines extending through the assemblies. A BIPV assembly having a multi-conductor return line may include a return line for the assembly itself, and one or more return lines for other assemblies. | 05-30-2013 |
20130118558 | FLEXIBLE CONNECTORS OF BUILDING INTEGRABLE PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES FOR ENCLOSED JUMPER ATTACHMENT - Provided are novel Building Integrable Photovoltaic (BIPV) modules having one or more connectors that are movable between extended and retracted positions. Connector adjustment may be performed in the field, for example, during installation of a module. In certain embodiments, a connector includes a connector body and extension body. The extension body flexibly attaches the connector body to the module and allows the connector body to move with respect to the module edge. In an extended position, the connector body is positioned closer to the edge and is configured to make electrical connections to a joiner connector for interconnecting with an adjacent module. In a retracted positioned, the connector body is positioned further from the edge and is configured to make electrical connections to a jumper for interconnecting the conductive elements of the connector. In certain embodiments, a jumper does not protrude beyond the edge when connected to the connector body. | 05-16-2013 |
20130098420 | INTERCONNECTING STRIPS FOR BUILDING INTEGRABLE PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES - Provided are novel interconnecting strips for electrically connecting building integrable photovoltaic (BIPV) modules in a photovoltaic array. An interconnecting strip can be provided between a building structure and the BIPV modules, with electrical connections established by lowering the modules onto the strip previously positioned on the structure. The strip can includes two or more terminal groups aligned with different rows of BIPV modules. Each terminal group includes two or more connector terminals for connecting to the modules in that row. The interconnecting strip also includes leads extending between terminal groups and connecting connector terminals of different groups. In certain embodiments, terminal groups are offset with respect to adjacent groups to align with BIPV modules that are similarly offset to provide a moisture barrier. The interconnecting strip may be reconfigured in the field to provide different electrical connection schemes among BIPV modules. | 04-25-2013 |
20130067836 | BUILDING INTEGRABLE INTERCONNECTION STRUCTURES HAVING FIELD-CONFIGURABLE SHAPES - Provided are novel building integrable interconnection structures having field-configurable shapes and methods of installing thereof. An interconnection structure may be cut or otherwise modified in the field during installation to form one or more openings. These openings can then be positioned around various obstacles that are frequently present in building installation areas. Some examples of such obstacles include chimneys, vents, and skylights. In some embodiments, the interconnection structures can be provided as part of a set or configured to be installed in an array with building integrable photovoltaic (BIPV) modules of the same size. This installation configuration allows preserving an offset between adjacent rows of the array. Furthermore, the interconnection structures can have the same perimeter features as the BIPV modules, such as electrical connectors and moisture flaps. These features provide electrical continuity and sealing characteristics in an array of BIPV modules despite the presence of obstacles on building structures. | 03-21-2013 |
20130037104 | NANOPARTICLE ENHANCED SOLAR-CELL ABSORBER EFFICIENCY - Embodiment methods and structures include a resonant plasmonic nanostructure located within a thin-film solar cell. This plasmonic nanostructure may trap light and thereby improve the efficiency and light absorption of the cell without increasing physical thickness. In various embodiments, the plasmonic nanostructure may be located within a p-type semiconductor layer of the solar cell. In further embodiments, the index of refraction may vary within the p-type semiconductor layer. | 02-14-2013 |
20130032198 | ATTACHMENT STRUCTURES FOR BUILDING INTEGRABLE PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES - Provided are novel building integrable photovoltaic (BIP) modules having specially configured attachment structures for securing these modules to building structures and other BIP modules. In certain embodiments, a BIP module includes a base sheet supporting photovoltaic cells and having a rigid polymer portion and a flexible polymer portion. The flexible portion is designed to be penetrated with mechanical fasteners during installation. The flexible portion may include fastening pointers and/or through holes for identifying specific penetration locations. The rigid portion provides necessary structural rigidity and support to the module and more specifically to the photovoltaic cells. In certain other embodiments, a BIP module includes an adhesive bumper strip disposed along one edge of the module and configured for secure this module with respect to another module. During installation, the strip is positioned between a back sealing sheet of one module and a front sealing sheet of another module. | 02-07-2013 |
20130000702 | PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICE WITH RESISTIVE CIGS LAYER AT THE BACK CONTACT - A photovoltaic device including a substrate, a first electrode layer over the substrate and a resistive p-type semiconductor layer over the first electrode layer. The device also includes a p-type absorber layer over the resistive p-type semiconductor layer, an n-type semiconductor layer over the p-type absorber layer and a second electrode layer over the n-type semiconductor layer. Additionally, a resistivity of the resistive p-type semiconductor layer is greater than a resistivity of the p-type absorber layer. | 01-03-2013 |
20130000689 | PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE SUPPORT ASSEMBLY WITH STANDOFF CLAMPS - Apparatus and techniques for mounting frameless photovoltaic modules to eliminate obstruction of corner and edge-mounted module components with longitudinally-oriented mounted rails. Mounting clamps and rail/clamp spacing configured to relieve module stress by reducing or eliminating module sag are used. | 01-03-2013 |
20120291848 | SUPPORTING STRUCTURES FOR BUILDING INTEGRABLE PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES - Building integrable photovoltaic (BIP) modules include photovoltaic inserts for producing electrical power and supporting structures for mechanically attaching and supporting the insert with respect to a building structure, such as roof tops. The supporting structures may include ventilation ribs that form ventilation channels under the photovoltaic insert and, in certain embodiments, under other components of the module. These ribs may be used to provide mechanical support to the entire module. In specific embodiments, ventilation channels of one module are configured to coincide with ventilation channels of one or more other like modules and to form a continuous channel along the roof edge. The supporting structures may be used to form moisture barriers in between two modules, such as side glitters. In certain embodiments, supporting structures are separate components and are attached to the insert to form a module during fabrication or installation of the module on a building structure. | 11-22-2012 |
20120285513 | Shielding of Interior Diode Assemblies from Compression Forces in Thin-Film Photovoltaic Modules - A method and apparatus for protecting a diode assembly of a photovoltaic module from compressive and tensile forces by providing at least one interior shielding element are provided. According to various embodiments, a photovoltaic module including a first encasing layer, a second encasing layer, at least one photovoltaic cell disposed between the first and second encasing layers, at least one shielded diode assembly disposed on the at least one photovoltaic cell and electrically connected to the at least one photovoltaic cell, and a pottant disposed between the at least one photovoltaic cell and the second encasing layer is provided. A localized shielding element may be used to shield the diode assembly. | 11-15-2012 |
20120267901 | COMBINATION PHOTOVOLTAIC AND WIND POWER GENERATION INSTALLATION - A combination photovoltaic and wind power generation installation comprising at least one wind turbine and a plurality of photovoltaic arrays, wherein the photovoltaic arrays may be disposed around the at least one wind turbine such that the photovoltaic arrays are at least partially shaded a portion of the day by the shadow cast by the at least one wind turbine. Photovoltaic modules that are resistant to shading effects may be used to minimize the effects of shading by the at least one wind turbine. The combination photovoltaic and wind power generation installation may transmit power through a single transmission line. | 10-25-2012 |
20120262181 | Electrostatic Probes for Mapping Conductive Web Bagginess - A method for testing a conductive web includes moving a conductive web past at least one electrostatic probe, providing an alternating current or voltage which generates an alternating current to the at least one electrostatic probe, measuring a current or voltage in the at least one electrostatic probe induced by a capacitance between the conductive web and the at least one electrostatic probe, comparing the measured current or voltage to a reference value, and determining a level of bagginess of the conductive web based on the step of comparing. | 10-18-2012 |
20120240982 | PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE WITH INCREASED ACTIVE AREA - A photovoltaic module according to the present invention comprises a transparent and flexible light-facing front layer, a non-light facing rear encapsulating layer, a plurality of interconnected photovoltaic cells disposed between the front layer and the back layer, a sealing compound, and wherein the transparent flexible front layer extends around and folds behind the back layer to form a seal behind the photovoltaic module, further wherein the seal comprises a sealing compound. | 09-27-2012 |
20120138117 | THERMOPLASTIC WIRE NETWORK SUPPORT FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS - Provided are novel methods of fabricating photovoltaic modules using thermoplastic materials to support wire networks to surfaces of photovoltaic cells. A thermoplastic material goes through a molten state during module fabrication to distribute the material near the wire-cell surface interface. In certain embodiments, a thermoplastic material is provided as a melt and coated over a cell surface, with a wire network positioned over this surface. In other embodiments, a thermoplastic material is provided as a part of an interconnect assembly together with a wire network and is melted during one of the later operations. In certain embodiments, a thermoplastic material is provided as a shell over individual wires of the wire network. A thermoplastic material is then solidified, at which point it may be relied on to support the interconnect assembly with respect to the cell. Also provided are novel photovoltaic module structures that include thermoplastic materials used for support. | 06-07-2012 |
20120129401 | EXTERNAL ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS FOR SOLAR MODULES - Provided are low profile, water-resistant and touch safe electrical connectors for solar modules. According to various embodiments, the electrical connectors include a low-profile conductive stud, a low-profile sheath that surrounds the stud, and a socket to mate with the stud. According to various embodiments, the sheath and socket mate via keyed inter-engageable features. Also according to certain embodiments, the socket is fastened to the stud and/or sheath via snap fastening. | 05-24-2012 |
20120125393 | Photovoltaic Device and Method and System for Making Photovoltaic Device - A method of making a photovoltaic device includes providing a first photovoltaic cell, placing a conductive interconnect in contact with an upper surface of the first photovoltaic cell, providing a thermoset adhesive over the conductive interconnect and over the upper surface of the first photovoltaic cell, and applying a current or voltage to the conductive interconnect to cure the thermoset adhesive such that the cured thermoset adhesive bonds the conductive interconnect to the upper surface of the first photovoltaic cell. The system used to make the device includes a conveyor, a wire applicator, a thermoset adhesive reservoir, a pressure roller in fluid communication with the reservoir, and first and second electrode rollers configured to apply a current or voltage to the conductive wire interconnect. | 05-24-2012 |
20120103383 | Photovoltaic Device and Method and System for Making Photovoltaic Device - A photovoltaic device is made using a method and a system disclosed herein. The method may comprise: providing a web of photovoltaic material; providing a web of interconnect material; cutting the web of photovoltaic material into a plurality of photovoltaic cells; cutting the web of interconnect material into a plurality of interconnects; providing a respective one of the plurality of interconnects between adjacent photovoltaic cells to electrically connect a first string of photovoltaic cells in series; and laminating the first string of photovoltaic cells which are electrically connected in series between a top laminating sheet and a bottom laminating sheet. The system may comprise: a first conveyor, an optical inspection apparatus, a removal apparatus, a sorter, a second conveyor, and an assembly apparatus configured to place an interconnect between adjacent photovoltaic cells to electrically connect a first string of photovoltaic cells in series. | 05-03-2012 |
20120097207 | RETAINERS FOR ATTACHING PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES TO MOUNTING STRUCTURES - Provided are photovoltaic module assemblies configured for improved installation. The assemblies include frameless photovoltaic modules and retainers for supporting the modules on mounting structures. The retainers support the modules at least during cure of adhesive materials provided between the modules and the mounting structures. Once cured, the adhesive materials provide permanent support to the modules. The retainers may interlock with the mounting structures during installation or be integral components of the structures. In certain embodiments, retainers are used to control a gap between the modules and mounting structures. Retainers may be removable and collected after installation is completed. Alternatively, retainers may remain as parts of assemblies at least during some initial period. Retainers may be made from various degradable materials, such as biodegradable plastics, UV degradable plastics, and/or water soluble materials. Provided also are methods for installing frameless photovoltaic modules on mounting structures. | 04-26-2012 |
20120094425 | ABLATIVE SCRIBING OF SOLAR CELL STRUCTURES - Provided herein are improved methods of laser scribing photovoltaic structures to form monolithically integrated photovoltaic modules. The methods involve forming P1, P2 or P3 scribes by an ablative scribing mechanism having low melting, and in certain embodiments, substantially no melting. In certain embodiments, the methods involve generating an ablation shockwave at an interface of the film to be removed and the underlying layer. The film is then removed by mechanical shock. According to various embodiments, the ablation shockwave is generated by using a laser beam having a wavelength providing an optical penetration depth on the order of the film thickness and a minimum threshold intensity. In some embodiments, photovoltaic materials can be scribed using picosecond pulse widths and certain wavelength and laser fluence levels. | 04-19-2012 |
20120094422 | PARTIALLY TRANSMITTED IMAGED LASER BEAM FOR SCRIBING SOLAR CELL STRUCTURES - Provided herein are methods and systems for scribing solar cell structures to create isolated solar cells. According to various embodiments, the methods involve scanning an excimer laser beam along a scribe line of a solar cell structure to ablate electrically active layers of the structure. A photomask having variable transmittance is disposed between the beam source and the solar cell structure. The transmittance is calibrated to produce variable fluence levels such that a stepped scribed profile is obtained. In certain embodiments, a front contact/absorber/back contact stack is removed along a portion of the scribe line, while a front contact/absorber stack is simultaneously removed along a parallel portion, with the back contact layer unremoved. In this manner, the scribe electrically isolates solar cells on either side of the scribe line, while providing a contact point to the back contact layer of one of the solar cells for subsequent cell-cell interconnection. | 04-19-2012 |
20120091105 | DITHERED SCANNED LASER BEAM FOR SCRIBING SOLAR CELL STRUCTURES - Provided herein are methods of scribing a solar cell structure to create isolated solar cells. The methods involve scanning and high frequency dithering of a laser beam across a solar cell structure such that the beam creates a stepped scribed line profile. In certain embodiments, a structure including an absorber layer sandwich between two contact layers is provided. The scanned dithered laser beam ablates all of these layers on one part of the scribe line while the back contact layer on another part of the scribe line, leaving an exposed back contact layer. The scribe electrically isolates solar cell structures on either side of the scribe line from each other, while providing a contact point to the back contact layer of one of solar cell structure for subsequent cell-cell interconnection. | 04-19-2012 |
20120080079 | SMALL GAUGE WIRE SOLAR CELL INTERCONNECT - Disclosed are wire assemblies for solar cells. One wire assembly includes a first polymer film and a second polymer film overlaying the first polymer film. The second polymer film has a wire embedded in it such that a surface of the wire that is facing away from the first polymer film is exposed. The gauge of the wire is about 36 to 46 gauge. The thickness of the second polymer film is about ¼ to ½ the diameter of the wire and about 0.5 to 1.5 mils. | 04-05-2012 |
20120080077 | PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE SUPPORT WITH INTERFACE STRIPS - Apparatus and techniques for mounting frameless photovoltaic modules reduce module stress induced by the mounting configuration. Interface strips and strip/rail spacing configured to relieve module stress by reducing or eliminating module sag are used. | 04-05-2012 |
20120080076 | PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE SUPPORT WITH CABLE CLAMPS - Apparatus and techniques for mounting frameless photovoltaic modules reduce module stress induced by the mounting configuration. Cable clamps and cable spacing configured to relieve module stress by reducing or eliminating module sag are used. | 04-05-2012 |
20120080075 | PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE SUPPORT CLAMP ASSEMBLY - Apparatus and techniques for mounting frameless photovoltaic modules reduce module stress induced by the mounting configuration. Mounting clamps and rail/clamp spacing configured to relieve module stress by reducing or eliminating module sag are used. | 04-05-2012 |
20120080074 | PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE SUPPORT WITH ELASTOMER - Apparatus and techniques for mounting frameless photovoltaic modules reduce module stress induced by the mounting configuration. Mounting clamps and rail/clamp spacing and spacers configured to relieve module stress by reducing or eliminating module sag are used. | 04-05-2012 |
20120080065 | Thin Film Photovoltaic Modules with Structural Bonds - Provided are novel photovoltaic module structures and related fabrication techniques. According to various embodiments, the structures include a structural bond related between two sealing sheets of the photovoltaic module configured to support one sealing sheet with respect to the other and, in certain embodiments, to support photovoltaic cells with respect to both sealing sheets. In certain embodiments, a photovoltaic module is fabricated without a back encapsulant layer, and the back sealing sheet is supported by the structural bond. The structural bond may also be used as a moisture barrier in addition or instead of an edge seal. The structural bond material can include a silicone-based polymer, which provides good adhesive and UV resistance properties. The structural bond may be formed by a structural bonding material that is dispensed around the photovoltaic cells. | 04-05-2012 |
20120031787 | PACKAGE FOR SHIPPING AND STORING PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL PRODUCTS - A packaging system for storing and transporting one or more flat panel products, the packaging system comprising a plurality of tines, a method of machine-assisted loading a packaging system comprising a plurality of tines, and a method of storing and transporting one or more flat panel products using a packaging system comprising a plurality of tines with alternating channel depths. | 02-09-2012 |
20120031492 | Gallium-Containing Transition Metal Thin Film for CIGS Nucleation - A solar cell comprises a substrate, a first transition metal layer comprising an alkali element or an alkali compound located over the substrate, a second transition metal layer comprising gallium located over the first transition metal layer, at least one p-type semiconductor absorber layer including a copper indium selenide (CIS) based alloy material located over the second transition metal layer, an n-type semiconductor layer located over the p-type semiconductor absorber layer, and a top electrode located over the n-type semiconductor layer. | 02-09-2012 |
20120005884 | SYSTEMS, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR MAGNETIC PROCESSING OF SOLAR MODULES - Provided herein are methods, apparatuses and systems for fabricating photovoltaic cells and modules. In certain embodiments, the methods, apparatuses and systems involve coating ferromagnetic substrates with thin film solar cell materials and using magnetic force to constrain, move or otherwise manipulate partially fabricated cells or modules. According to various embodiments, the methods, apparatuses and systems provide magnetically actuated handling throughout a photovoltaic cell or module fabrication process, from forming photovoltaic cell layers on a substrate to packaging the module for transport and installation. The magnetically manipulated processing provides advantages over conventional photovoltaic module processing operations, including fewer mechanical components, greater control over placement and tolerances, and ease of handling. As a result, the methods, apparatuses and systems provide highly efficient, low maintenance photovoltaic module fabrication processes. | 01-12-2012 |
20120003777 | SYSTEMS, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR MAGNETIC PROCESSING OF SOLAR MODULES - Provided herein are methods, apparatuses and systems for fabricating photovoltaic cells and modules. In certain embodiments, the methods, apparatuses and systems involve coating ferromagnetic substrates with thin film solar cell materials and using magnetic force to constrain, move or otherwise manipulate partially fabricated cells or modules. According to various embodiments, the methods, apparatuses and systems provide magnetically actuated handling throughout a photovoltaic cell or module fabrication process, from forming photovoltaic cell layers on a substrate to packaging the module for transport and installation. The magnetically manipulated processing provides advantages over conventional photovoltaic module processing operations, including fewer mechanical components, greater control over placement and tolerances, and ease of handling. As a result, the methods, apparatuses and systems provide highly efficient, low maintenance photovoltaic module fabrication processes. | 01-05-2012 |
20110318868 | Protective Layer for Large-Scale Production of Thin-Film Solar Cells - A solar cell includes a substrate, a protective layer located over a first surface of the substrate, a first electrode located over a second surface of the substrate, at least one p-type semiconductor absorber layer located over the first electrode, an n-type semiconductor layer located over the p-type semiconductor absorber layer, and a second electrode over the n-type semiconductor layer. The p-type semiconductor absorber layer includes a copper indium selenide (CIS) based alloy material, and the second electrode is transparent and electrically conductive. The protective layer has an emissivity greater than 0.25 at a wavelength of 2 μm, has a reactivity with a selenium-containing gas lower than that of the substrate, and may differ from the first electrode in at least one of composition, thickness, density, emissivity, conductivity or stress state. The emissivity profile of the protective layer may be uniform or non-uniform. | 12-29-2011 |
20110315208 | Protective Layers for a Glass Barrier in a Photovoltaic Device - A photovoltaic device includes at least one photovoltaic cell, a flexible glass layer formed over the at least one photovoltaic cell and a transparent and abrasion resistant film which includes an organic-inorganic hybrid material formed over the glass layer. | 12-29-2011 |
20110315206 | Protective Layers for a Glass Barrier in a Photovoltaic Device - A photovoltaic device includes at least one photovoltaic cell, a flexible glass layer formed over the at least one photovoltaic cell, and a transparent planarizing hardcoat formed on the glass layer. The planarizing hardcoat may be in compressive stress and the glass layer may be in tension. | 12-29-2011 |
20110308563 | FLEXIBLE PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES IN A CONTINUOUS ROLL - Provided are novel flexible photovoltaic assemblies and installation techniques. The assemblies include multiple flexible photovoltaic (PV) modules that are electrically connected and individually sealed. The modules may be sealed using a flexible material that provides protection from the environment and/or mechanical support to the cells and modules. These assemblies can be bent and even rolled. Each PV module is individually sealed with a cut-off area is provided between two consecutive modules for separating the modules. The design allows separating any number of modules from a roll without compromising any module. The modules are electrically interconnected with each other while in the roll. As such, when a set of modules is separated from a roll, all modules in a set are electrically interconnected as well as having an integral mechanical structure. The assemblies allow easy cut-to-fit installation on rooftops or other points of installation. | 12-22-2011 |
20110308562 | PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS - Provided are novel photovoltaic module electrical connectors, photovoltaic assemblies including these connectors, and techniques for installing these connectors to sealed photovoltaic modules. According to various embodiments, the connectors have conductive contact tips that are configured to pierce through a module exterior and form an electrical connection to the photovoltaic cells sealed inside. In certain embodiments, the novel photovoltaic module electrical connectors can be positioned at any location along one or more edges of a module to establish an electrical connection to any cell of the module. The conductive contact tips establish mechanical contacts with contact layers inside the modules, and in certain embodiments partially or completely penetrate the contact layers, without shorting the photovoltaic cells. In certain embodiments, the connectors have positive stop features that control penetration distances of the conductive contact tips into a module. | 12-22-2011 |
20110284052 | INTEGRATED DIODE ASSEMBLIES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES - Provided are bypass diode assemblies for use in photovoltaic modules. Also provided are methods of fabricating such assemblies and a method of fabricating photovoltaic modules using such assemblies. A diode assembly may include an insulating strip, at least one lead-diode assembly having a diode and two leads, and at least two interconnecting conductors overlapping with and electrically contacting the leads of the lead-diode assembly. The insulating strip supports the lead-diode assembly and conductors and at least partially insulates these components from photovoltaic cells. Specifically, during module fabrication, the interconnecting conductors make electrical connections to the back sides of the cells through cutouts in the insulating strip. The electrical connections may be made to every cell in a row or a subset of selected cells in that row. In certain embodiments, the same interconnecting conductor is connected to two or more cells positioned in adjacent rows. | 11-24-2011 |
20110277811 | EXTERNAL ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS FOR SOLAR MODULES - Provided are low profile, water-resistant and touch safe electrical connectors for solar modules. According to various embodiments, the electrical connectors include a low-profile conductive stud, a low-profile sheath that surrounds the stud, and a socket to mate with the stud. According to various embodiments, the sheath and socket mate via keyed inter-engageable features. Also according to certain embodiments, the socket is fastened to the stud and/or sheath via snap fastening. | 11-17-2011 |
20110259418 | Manufacturing Apparatus and Method for Large-Scale Production of Thin-Film Solar Cells - A method of manufacturing improved thin-film solar cells entirely by sputtering includes a high efficiency back contact/reflecting multi-layer containing at least one barrier layer consisting of a transition metal nitride. A copper indium gallium diselenide (Cu(In | 10-27-2011 |
20110214716 | ISOLATED METALLIC FLEXIBLE BACK SHEET FOR SOLAR MODULE ENCAPSULATION - Provided are novel solar modules including electrically isolated moisture barriers. According to various embodiments, the solar modules include two distinct seals: one to electrically isolate the moisture barrier and one to protect photovoltaic cells of the module. Also provided are novel back sheets for solar module encapsulation, and novel solar modules including such back sheets. According to various embodiments, the back sheets are ungrounded and flexible. In certain embodiments, the back sheets include an integrated flexible and electrically isolated moisture barrier. The electrically isolated moisture barrier may be a thin metallic sheet, e.g., an aluminum foil. The electrically isolated, flexible moisture barrier eliminates the need for grounding. | 09-08-2011 |
20110197947 | WIRE NETWORK FOR INTERCONNECTING PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS - Provided are novel interconnect wire network assemblies and methods of fabricating thereof. An assembly may include conductive portions/individual wires that, in certain embodiments, are substantially parallel to each other. The assembly also includes two or more carrier films (i.e., the front side and back side films) attached to opposite sides of the wires. The films are typically attached along the wire ends. The films are made from electrically insulating materials and at least the front side film is substantially transparent. The front side film is used to attach the wires to a photovoltaic surface of one cell, while the back side film is used for attachment to a substrate surface of another cell. These attachments electrically interconnect the two cells in series. In certain embodiments, one or both carrier films extend beyond two end wires and form insulated portions that allow much closer arrangements of the cells in a module. | 08-18-2011 |
20110192448 | SOLAR-CELL MODULE WITH IN-LAMINATE DIODES AND EXTERNAL-CONNECTION MECHANISMS MOUNTED TO RESPECTIVE EDGE REGIONS - A solar-cell module. The solar-cell module includes a plurality of solar cells that are electrically coupled together. The solar-cell module further includes an in-laminate-diode assembly electrically coupled with the plurality of solar cells. The in-laminate-diode assembly is configured to prevent power loss. The solar-cell module also includes a protective structure at least partially encapsulating the plurality of solar cells. In addition, the solar-cell module includes a plurality of external-connection mechanisms mounted to a respective plurality of edge regions of the protective structure. An external-connection mechanism of the plurality of external-connection mechanisms is configured to enable collection of current from the plurality of solar cells and to allow interconnection with at least one other external device. | 08-11-2011 |
20110146778 | SHIELDING OF INTERIOR DIODE ASSEMBLIES FROM COMPRESSION FORCES IN THIN-FILM PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES - A method and apparatus for protecting a diode assembly of a photovoltaic module from compressive and tensile forces by providing at least one interior shielding element are provided. According to various embodiments, a photovoltaic module including a first encasing layer, a second encasing layer, at least one photovoltaic cell disposed between the first and second encasing layers, at least one shielded diode assembly disposed on the at least one photovoltaic cell and electrically connected to the at least one photovoltaic cell, and a pottant disposed between the at least one photovoltaic cell and the second encasing layer is provided. A localized shielding element may be used to shield the diode assembly. | 06-23-2011 |
20110139224 | ORIENTED REINFORCEMENT FOR FRAMELESS SOLAR MODULES - A frameless photovoltaic module retains the required load rating by incorporation of an oriented fibrous reinforcement (e.g., fibers, scrim or mesh) in the back side encapsulant, in the back sheet, or as a separate sheet between the encapsulant and the back sheet to increase the overall stiffness of the module. The reinforcement is compatible with the materials around it, in particular having good wet out, and may be freestanding or anchored to outer edges of the module, for example to the front glass, by means of an adhesive in order to further enhance the stiffness conferred to the module. | 06-16-2011 |
20110121441 | DIODE LEADFRAME FOR SOLAR MODULE ASSEMBLY - A leadframe design for a diode or other semiconductor device that reduces stress on the device and provides increased heat dissipation is provided. According to various embodiments, the leadframe has a contoured profile including a recessed area and a raised surface within the recessed area. The surface supports the device such that the edges of the device extend past the surface. Also provided are device assemblies including the novel leadframes. In certain embodiments, the assemblies include one or more leadframes attached via a solder joint to a device. According to various embodiments, the leadframes are attached to the front side of the device, back side of the device or both. In particular embodiments, the device is a bypass diode for one or more solar cells in a solar module. | 05-26-2011 |
20110108087 | Photovoltaic Modules with Integrated Devices - One photovoltaic module includes a plurality of photovoltaic cells and at least one device selected from a sensor, a data storage device and an indicator. Another photovoltaic module includes a plurality of photovoltaic cells and a flexible circuit configured to act as an antenna for electromagnetic radiation. Methods of using such photovoltaic modules are also disclosed. | 05-12-2011 |
20110067998 | METHOD OF MAKING AN ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE CADMIUM SULFIDE SPUTTERING TARGET FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MANUFACTURING - An electrically conductive cadmium sulfide sputtering target, the method of making the same, and the method of manufacturing a photovoltaic cell using the same. | 03-24-2011 |
20110061705 | ROTATABLE JUNCTION BOX FOR A SOLAR MODULE - Provided are novel junction boxes for solar modules. The junction boxes or J-boxes can be rotated or otherwise moved to change the module's electrical connection state. According to various embodiments, the J-boxes are movable between two or more orientations each associated with an electrical connection configuration. In particular embodiments, the configurations include two or more of an on position, an off position, an on series configuration, an on series-parallel configuration, and a bypass configuration. A J-box according to certain embodiments includes a replaceable insert. The insert may include one or more bypass diodes, an inverter or a DC/DC converter. | 03-17-2011 |
20100326498 | EXTERNAL ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS FOR SOLAR MODULES - Provided are low profile, water-resistant and touch safe safe electrical connectors for solar modules. According to various embodiments, the electrical connectors include a low-profile conductive stud, a low-profile sheath that surrounds the stud, and a socket to mate with the stud. According to various embodiments, the sheath and socket mate via keyed inter-engageable features. Also according to certain embodiments, the socket is fastened to the stud and/or sheath via snap fastening. | 12-30-2010 |
20100317141 | SYSTEMS, METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR MAGNETIC PROCESSING OF SOLAR MODULES - Provided herein are methods, apparatuses and systems for fabricating photovoltaic cells and modules. In certain embodiments, the methods, apparatuses and systems involve coating ferromagnetic substrates with thin film solar cell materials and using magnetic force to constrain, move or otherwise manipulate partially fabricated cells or modules. According to various embodiments, the methods, apparatuses and systems provide magnetically actuated handling throughout a photovoltaic cell or module fabrication process, from forming photovoltaic cell layers on a substrate to packaging the module for transport and installation. The magnetically manipulated processing provides advantages over conventional photovoltaic module processing operations, including fewer mechanical components, greater control over placement and tolerances, and ease of handling. As a result, the methods, apparatuses and systems provide highly efficient, low maintenance photovoltaic module fabrication processes. | 12-16-2010 |
20100313939 | SYSTEMS METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR MAGNETIC PROCESSING OF SOLAR MODULES - Provided herein are methods, apparatuses and systems for fabricating photovoltaic cells and modules. In certain embodiments, the methods, apparatuses and systems involve coating ferromagnetic substrates with thin film solar cell materials and using magnetic force to constrain, move or otherwise manipulate partially fabricated cells or modules. According to various embodiments, the methods, apparatuses and systems provide magnetically actuated handling throughout a photovoltaic cell or module fabrication process, from forming photovoltaic cell layers on a substrate to packaging the module for transport and installation. The magnetically manipulated processing provides advantages over conventional photovoltaic module processing operations, including fewer mechanical components, greater control over placement and tolerances, and ease of handling. As a result, the methods, apparatuses and systems provide highly efficient, low maintenance photovoltaic module fabrication processes. | 12-16-2010 |
20100282276 | REMOVING DEFECTS FROM PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL METALLIC SUBSTRATES WITH FIXED-ABRASIVE FILAMENT ROLLER BRUSHES - Provided are methods and apparatuses for processing photovoltaic cell metallic substrates to remove various surface defects. In certain embodiments, a thin stainless steel foil is polished using a proposed method leading to a substantial, e.g., twice or more, increase in its surface gloss. In certain embodiments, a method in accordance with the present invention involves contacting a substrate surface with a fixed-abrasive filament roller brush. The brush may be a close-wound coil brush. The brush includes filaments carrying 5-20 micrometer abrasive particles that are permanently fixed in the brush filaments, for example a polymer base material, such as nylon. The particles may be made of silicon carbide and/or other abrasive materials. In certain embodiments, a substrate surface is polished using a series of roller brushes, at least two of which rotate in different directions with respect to that surface. | 11-11-2010 |
20100278683 | Manufacturing Apparatus and Method for Large-Scale Production of Thin-Film Solar Cells - A method of manufacturing improved thin-film solar cells entirely by sputtering includes a high efficiency back contact/reflecting multi-layer containing at least one barrier layer consisting of a transition metal nitride. A copper indium gallium diselenide (Cu(In | 11-04-2010 |
20100276282 | Manufacturing Apparatus and Method for Large-Scale Production of Thin-Film Solar Cells - A method of manufacturing improved thin-film solar cells entirely by sputtering includes a high efficiency back contact/reflecting multi-layer containing at least one barrier layer consisting of a transition metal nitride. A copper indium gallium diselenide (Cu(In | 11-04-2010 |
20100258982 | LASER POLISHING OF A SOLAR CELL SUBSTRATE - Provided herein are methods of polishing and texturing surfaces thin-film photovoltaic cell substrates. The methods involve laser irradiation of a surface having a high frequency roughness in an area of 5-200 microns to form a shallow and rapidly expanding melt pool, followed by rapid cooling of the material surface. The minimization of surface tension causes the surface to re-solidify in a locally smooth surface. the high frequency roughness drops over the surface with a lower frequency bump or texture pattern remaining from the re-solidification. | 10-14-2010 |
20100258542 | LASER POLISHING OF A BACK CONTACT OF A SOLAR CELL - Provided herein are methods of polishing, cleaning and texturing back contacts of thin-film solar cells. According to various embodiments, the methods involve irradiating sites on the back contact with laser beams to remove contaminants and/or smooth the surface of the back contact. The back contact, e.g., a molybdenum, copper, or niobium thin-film, is smoothed prior to deposition of the absorber and other thin-films of the photovoltaic stack. In certain embodiments, laser polishing of the back contact is used to enhance the diffusion barrier characteristics of the back contact layer, with all or a surface layer of the back contact becoming essentially amorphous. In certain embodiments, the adhesion of the absorber layer is enhanced by the textured back contact and by the presence of the amorphous metal at the deposition surface. | 10-14-2010 |
20100258185 | TEXTURED SUBSTRATE FOR THIN-FILM SOLAR CELL - Provided herein are textured substrates for thin-film solar cells. According to various embodiments, the textured substrates are characterized by substrate patterns exhibiting low-frequency roughness or flatness and long range order. The substrates may be metallic or non-metallic substrates, and in certain embodiments are stainless steel foils. According to various embodiments, the substrates may be provided in the form of a web, ready for deposition of thin-film photovoltaic stacks. Also provided are textured back contact thin films. | 10-14-2010 |
20100071757 | ISOLATED METALLIC FLEXIBLE BACK SHEET FOR SOLAR MODULE ENCAPSULATION - Provided are novel back sheets for solar module encapsulation. According to various embodiments, the back sheets are ungrounded and flexible. In certain embodiments, the back sheets include an integrated flexible and electrically isolated moisture barrier. The electrically isolated moisture barrier may be a thin metallic sheet, e.g., an aluminum foil. The electrically isolated, flexible moisture barrier eliminates the need for grounding. | 03-25-2010 |
20100071756 | ISOLATED METALLIC FLEXIBLE BACK SHEET FOR SOLAR MODULE ENCAPSULATION - Provided are novel back sheets for solar module encapsulation. According to various embodiments, the back sheets are ungrounded and flexible. In certain embodiments, the back sheets include an integrated flexible and electrically isolated moisture barrier and a seal around the edge of the moisture barrier. The electrically isolated moisture barrier may be a thin metallic sheet, e.g., an aluminum foil. The electrically isolated, flexible moisture barrier eliminates the need for grounding. | 03-25-2010 |
20100043863 | INTERCONNECT ASSEMBLY - An interconnect assembly. The interconnect assembly includes a trace that includes a plurality of electrically conductive portions. The plurality of electrically conductive portions is configured both to collect current from a first solar cell and to interconnect electrically to a second solar cell. In addition, the plurality of electrically conductive portions is configured such that solar-cell efficiency is substantially undiminished in an event that any one of the plurality of electrically conductive portions is conductively impaired. | 02-25-2010 |
20100019580 | DETACHABLE INVERTER FOR A SOLAR MODULE - Provided are novel detachable inverters, DC/DC converters, diodes and other detachable electrical circuitry components for solar modules. A detachable inverter or other component according to certain embodiments includes a fixed part and a separable part, i.e., an insert. The insert may include one or more bypass diodes, inverters, DC/DC converters or combinations thereof. According to various embodiments, the insert may or may not be movable between operating positions or orientations associated with different electrical connection configurations. | 01-28-2010 |