I-U?
2-S. Engine and Wheel Brake Fires.
CI
1
UBHUISTIRf PRESStlHf Al fljO'i
PRESSUREIFF VAiVlS IN VYHEtlS 'Hi uiwsSuh; Al0 PS i
lrtt WATER FOC APPLIED Wl IHRVCHEVICAI POWDERfOReXTIWUSHIXCSftAti fIRlS
. heel Brake Firesi 2';
ENERAL INFORMATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1-1
Safety
trength Capabilities
INFORMATION.
General Arrangement. (See
Safety Precautions.
The safety precautions and emergency procedures contained in Section II and illustrations provided must be strictly adhered to to prevent injury to personnel and damage to the aircraft.
Handling.
The Ground Handling section, Section m, contains information and illustrations as to the handling of aircraft during emergency ground operations. This information includes instructions on towing, pneumatic bag lifting and hoisting the aircraft.
CAUTION
All ground rescue crews shall wear asbestos suits and gloves due to the possibility ofhot aircraft structure resulting from high speed flight.
1-'- Access Openings^
ill locate and identify emergency access panels and openings on the upper and lower surfaces of the aircraft fuselage and wing
*
/ Taxiway Strength Capabilities.
order to determine If this aircraft can taxi on existingland on existing runways, the following data is provided:
Tire Foot Printnches2 per tire.
sig. (Dry Nitrogen)
Load perbs.
Load per tireba.
Index,.
section n
safety precautions and emergency procedures
table OF CONTENTS
Paragraph
Precautions and
Procedures
Safety
Rescue
PRECAUTIONS AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure
Safety
Safety
Rescue
Tank and Lines
and Wheel Brake
PRECAUTIONS AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES.
Safety Precautions.
Safety Devices. (See Figure. )
Safety Devices. (See. >
Crash Rescue Procedures.
All safety precautions listed In the following paragraphs and illustrations shall be strictly adhered to to prevent injury to all personnel involved.
Note
The following information is Intended for crash site use to assist rescue crews in determining the most practical and safest way to aid flight crew member* inthe aircraft.
Crash Rescue Markings. (See, Sheet
2-8 Crash Rescue Procedures.
Removal of canopies by the external Jettison method Is the primary means of gaining immediate access to the cockpit. (See, Sheet
2-1
mtu A
SEAIING ASSEiVBlV fTYPICM BOTH SEATS)
IO J
ia
on*n
ejection seating handle (primary!
eotiair dim
tee handle (secondary)
initiator cable
extension cylinder and tube i? places each assembly)
. internal safety devices.f 3)
.:
External Safety Devicesf 2)
2-5
NOTf
wheel Mil only.
ACTUATING CYLIMOER (WAG STRUT)
CtAR dock (aft)
SAFETY BOLT (ACTUATtfcCCISSORS OJPPtR)
0 scissors (LOWER)
7 rod assembly
ZT (DCOR MECHMISW
um
UPlOC* ASSfMflLY
n downolt hole location
External Safety Devices.f 2)
2-6
RESCUE
this aircrafteat containing an explosive charge.
. Crash Rescue Procedures. .
CRASH RESCUE PROCEDURES
ondition! existing during an emergency could possibly dictate the method required to remove the canopies. To remove both canopies employing the manual opening mechanism, sco.nd 4.
Forcible Cockpit Entry. (See,
tudy is under way to determine the most practical
and safest means of forcible cockpit entry.
WARNING
A hazardous condition exists regardless of the method used to open and remove the canopies. It is imperative that ballistics lines to ejection seat catapults be severed immediately upon gaining access to the cockpits.
Once access to the cockpits is possible, rescue personnel can begin immediately with flight crew removal porcedures. (See, Sheet
Procedures as shown In, Sheetepresent the quickest and safest method of releasing both pilot and FCO from arresting harness, emergency equipment, seat and subsequent removal from the cockpits.
IhStRT TOOL INTOOM-HALF INCH SCOW* DRIVI OPENING AND ROTATf OXINTIRClOC<*lSi.
APPROACH AIRCRAFTUI CAUTIOUSLY FROM THE LOT. OM MAN HILL CARRY BOLT CUTTERS AND ONE WAN WILL CARRY SPECIAL TOOL TO OPEN CANOPIES MANUALLY.
CRASH RESCUE PROCEDURES
ONE-HALF INCH SOCKEI OPENING..
USE STANDARD ONE HALF INCH EXTENSION WITH RATCHET OH LEVER BAR.
. Crash Rescue Proceduresf 9)
.rash Rescue PrbeediiftM
Note*
intercom cord In designed toanound pull, however, this cordsevered to prevent any interference
helmet face plate could require up tofor automatic opening after the oxygenis shutoff. Press the left knob on helmetopen face plate immediately.
Pressure Suit Handling. (See, The following sequence is recommended for normal removal of equipment:
Garment.
Note
Remove helmet by operating release and lift clear, severing the oxygen lines from suit to helmet. If time permits open protective gar-
. Crash Rescue Procedures.t 9)
. Crash Rescue Procedures.f 9)
meat zipper and pressure suit main ripper for access to oxygen disconnects Inside the suit.
Fmorgency Pressure Suit Handling.
WARNING
If crew member is injured, open face plate onlyedical doctor arrives.
In an emergency the pressure suit may be cut off by using the
"ring saw'* carried In the left leg pocket of the outer garment. This should
only be performed upon orders frommedical doctor, (See Figure 2b-
helmet and gloves.
handle from end of saw, push saw through suitring and saw through neck ring on ana side.
same procedure repeat on opposite side of neck ring.
main suit zipper; usttig saw, cut through front of suit between
zipper ends. Remove top half of suit.
lower part of suit may be cut away from the body.
Engine Shutdown Procedure. (See,he emergency condition exist that engines ere still developing
power, procedures outlined on, Sheetrovide the most practical means, of stopping engines, shutting off oxygen supply and deactivatingbusses.
Handling of TEB, Chemical Ignition Fuel During Crash Rescue Procedures. (See. )
hemical ignition system is used in lieuore conventional electrical Ignition system. Pyrophoric fluid (triethylborane) is contained within tanks, one for each engine located In the nacelle area.
WARNING
Procedures are established in the Flight Manual which require the pilot to dump the chemical fuel during an emergency. There are no restrictions against dumping TEBindmllling engine. If this is not possible the condition could become serious. There are no quick opening accessnear the chemical fuel tank and lias*. Should
. Crash Rescue Procedures.f 9i
a TEB fire ba tho primary concern, thearea about the tank location must be flooded with water or CO^ until it can be determinedazard no longer exiata.
Damage Prevention.
The following Information conaiata of data and recommended procedure* for the extinguishing of aircraft firea.
Fire and Explosion Hazard*.
Personnel ahould be familiar with the fire and exploatoa hazard* of thia aircraft ao that precautionary meaaurei can be taken. Flrea and exploeion* generally occurlammable substance, osygen (air)ource of ignition are brought together. The primary flammable sub-stances in this aircraft are fuel, hydraulic fluid, lubricating oil and greases and pyrophoric fluid used In the engine ignition system. Pure oxygen canire or explosion simply by contact with these substances. Common source of ignition are electric arcs, flame add hot surfaces, The following conditions are particulary hazardous:
a. The mixture of fuel vapor and air in the fuel tanks snd vert system is explosive *sien Igntied. However,lass fuels are not as critical as other type jet fuel also the aircraft tank* are in-ertedlanket
hydraulic fluid or engine oil sprayingine mistor flash when Ignited.
or explosions can be produced spontaneously whensubstances contact oxygen of high purity.
pyrophoric fluid (triethylborane) used in the enginewill ignite immediately upon exposure to air.
Fir* Fighting Precautions.
Personnel should be alert for possible aire raft ground fires and be prepared to act rapidly and effectivelyire is discovered. It Is recommended that all personnel become familiar with the following types of fire hazards and precautions.
access is gained quickly to apply extinguishing agent.
to notify professional fire fighting personnel immediately.
c- The agents that are recommended for different kinds of fires and how to operate extinguishing equipment eg, area water, water fog,CP or chemical and mechanical foams.
d. Chemical and mechanical foam agents leavef possible these agents should be remoVed by flushing with water.
> CAUTION Annul Plusry Chemical Powder should not be used except la an emergency. If used, all traces of residue shall be completely removed by spraying with JP5 Class Fuel, flushing thoroughly
with running water and wiping aa dry aa poaalble. The following agenta are net approved aa Are extinguishing agents. Inadvertent use must be reported to the aircraft recovery team.
ANSUL. MET-ry Chlorobromom ethane Soda and acid typeand serviceability of all extinguishing equipment required.
Z-Z'h General procedures to be followedire ia dlacovered:
proper agent to fire as soon as possible.
engine ftres, follow procedure* aa outlined on.
yourself up wind and do not stand in flammableapplying agents.
handling equipment away ae that fire fighting equipmentbe hampered.
all available agent la expended and/or fireut ofthe area becauee of the danger of explosion.
Oxygen Fires.
Oxygen can cause spontaneous ignition and explosions when it comes in contact with flammable subetancea. Flrea aided by oxygen will burn intenaly and apread rapidly, therefore, .CO? or DCP (dry chemical powder) should be applied to alow the progress of these flrae. However.effective extinguishing of oxygen-supplied ftrea generally require foam. Sourceser cent oxygen in the aircraft are the battle* or containers located la the nose wheel compartment area.
The oxygen system.mayiquid or gaseous type. Engine Fires. (See. )
Engine or nacelle (ires may not be indicated by the engine fire and/or overheat system. Personnel should be alert for this condition at all timosengine ground operation.
Chemical Ignition Fuel (TEB) Fires.
lrewill occur when triethylborane (TEB) is exposed to airesult of line rupture or leaks. ToEB fire, the fire fighter should attempt to confine the fire by blanketing the burning liquid with foam, water spray or co2.
W ARN1NG
Carbon tetrochlorlde and halogenated hydrocarbons react with TEB and should never be used to combat flree.
Note
Tests have indicated that TEB will Ignite when exposed
to air at all temperatures to be encountered during hanldlng.
Hot Aircraft Wheels.
hen an aircraft is subject to excessive braking action, especiallyaximum brake landing or drag chute failure, the following procedures shall be rigidly adhered to :
WARNINC
FIRE FIGHTING PRECAUTIONS
| PRECAUTIONS LISTED BELOW SHALL BE OBSERVED, IN ORDER tO AVOID SERIOUS INJURY TO INVOLVED PERSONS.
* USE DRV CHEMICAL POWDERGENT It AVAILA8IE
CO: OR OTHER APPROVED LICUlD EXTINGUISHED AGENTSUSED. USE EXTREME CARS THAT DIRECT BLAST OF COIC LIQUID OR GAS DOES NOT CONTACT HOI WIAlXPLOSIONS CAN Bt CAUSED WITH RESOLTAVT INJURY TO PERSONNEL
FIGHT TIRE. WHEN POSSIBIE (ROM UP-WIND SIDE
t DO NOT PUT YOURSELF IN POSITION WHERf YOU CAN Bt IRAPPED Bv HRE OR TUMiS.
I USE CAUTIONVOID SUPPING ON WET SURFACES
CLEANING PROCEDURE
FIRES ARE EXTINGUISHED REMOVE CHEMICAL POWDER
AFFECTED AREAS OF AIRCRAFT AS FOLLOWS:
WIPE AFFECTED AREAS WITH CLEAN CIOTHTO CLEAN AREAS NOT READILY ACCESSIBLE TO ClOTH Wl PING.
WASH ALL ATFECTEO AREAS THOROUGHLY.
RINSE ATFECTEO AREAS WIIH APPROVED ANTI-RUST SOLUTION AND RINSE KITH CIEAN WATER
THOROUGHLY CLEAN AND INSPECT ALI ENGINE PARTS IN THE AREA WHICH IHE CHEMICAL AGENT HAS BEEN IMRODUCID. THIS WIUHOROUGH EttClNE INSPECTION WHENEVER POWER WAS INTROOUCiO SO THAT IT PASSES tKWOlXih THE ENGINE.
IN ENGINE AIR INLET DUCT
THESE FIRES USUAilv OCCUR DURING STARTING OR WHILE ENGINE IS RUNNING. in CASE of FIRE PROCEED AS FOLLOWS:
I
TMSOTTU ADVANCE PARI WAY TO MIUIARY POWER. NOTE
if fire DOESlowout OR PERSISTS. SHUT DOWN ENGINE AND FlCNT AS OILhe.
THRO1
OaCfRtY FUEL SHUTOFTil 4UAR0 upi.
lauqw*seconds for vAm io ciosa
BATTERYif.
HAVE COCKPIT AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.
INTRODUCE DRY CHEMICAL POWDER OR CO, ACINI INTO THE ENGINE AIR INUT DUCT
FIRE IN ENGINE NACELLE
FIRE OCCURS WHIU ENGINE ACCESS DOORS ARE OPEN IAS DURING INITIAL ENGINE SUM. FIRE FIGHTING IS SIMPLIFIED. WHEN ENGINE ACCESS DOORS ARE CLOSED. ENTRY FOR THE EXTINGUISHING AGENTHROUGH THE LOWER "SUCK IN" DOORS AI THE ACCESSORY SECTION. IN CASERE PROCEED AS FOLLOWS:
I CHEMICAL iCNUIOK PURGEUMP ISWITCH UPI.
ACTUATl DUMP SWITCH IMMEDIATELY TO ENSLlRI HYDRAULIC PRESSURE AVO POWER WILL Bl AVAILABLEUMP THE CIS IW PWRWIUBEHEQUIRIO'ORUPTOIOSKONOS.
t.
i'AIRGtNCT KIEL SMUIOff SWITCH-off (GUARD UPI.ICOWS FOR VAiVt TO CLOSU
BATTERY.
LEAVE COCKPIT AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.
INIROOUCI DRY DOM CM powderO ACENT ink) ACCESSt door OPEHSG
AS SCOY AS PRACTICAL, OPEN ACCESS DOOR ON BOTION
I/SItAOF AAO CHEW FOR EVIDENCE of UNEXTINGUISHED FIRE.
. Engine and Wheel Brakef 2)
taii pipejswu* rcsiai *toM excess mi ccuiciinc IN MSECTIONum. cas'uiioc cncus. im casi oi nvjoom siait *ii
(VCAaai PtMUD as (OUOWV.
i neonn wi.
1 EMCRCfKV lua SHUT-OH (GUARD UPL
1 If POSSIBLE HAINTAIN OPttAIIONAU EVIHNCIU HAS DISAPPEARED. i> DOES NOT HOB out OR ntSISTSICHT AS Oil FIRE IT AM-lTHfC co, IN SHORT lUtSTRBJtrt<CR SECTION,
Wheel Brake Fires. (See. )
WARNING
Exceeaive brake heating tends to weaken tire and wheel structure and increase tire pressure. The area inboard and outboard of the wheel should be avoided.
a. Apply DCP, water or water fog to brake and wheel.
ealth Liquid Nitrogen.
Liquid nitrogen is contained in two flasks located within the nose landing gear compartment. Contact with thie liquid shall be avoided aa direct akin contact can reeult in extremely painful aorea, which resemble burns. Alao, symptoms of hypoxia can occur from prolonged contact with eacaping GN2 in confined areas.
Ammonia.
Ammonia gas is poisonous in strong concentrations, and can cause severe damage to the tissues of the eyes, nose, throat and lung*. Aqua ammonia solution is very caustic, and can be damaging to the skin tissue if not waahed off immediately after contact.
qua ammonia solution is containedompartment located on the right lower fuselage section just forward of the wing leading edge.
Triethylborane (TEB).
TEB will cause serious thermal burns upon akin contact. The burned area may provide highly absorbent area for this compound. akin contact must be avoided. Inhalation of these compounds isunlikely due to the pyrophoric characteristics. However, the fumes are toxic. Two TEB tanks, one for each engine,c of fluid each when initially serviced. (Seeor tank location. )
Should personnel contact be made witheurce ofclean water must be uaed to flush burning fuelerson. contamination of the burned area if at all poaaible. If TEB contacts the eyes, flush immediately with large quantities of water foroinutes or until medical personnel arrive.
HANDLING.
section providee the correct handling prdcedurea ualng available
equipment to properly handle tho aircraft during emergency conditiona. All
precautione which provide for safe handling of the aircraft shall be
strictly adhered to.
3-Lifting.
WARNING
Ensure that all electrical power is turned off. CAUTION
Do not climb On or off aircraft, unleBB necesaary.
Crane Lifting. (See. )
If the crash site is accessiblerane using cables, bolts, otc. an aircraft setting on the ground with the landing gear retracted Or collapsed may be raised aa follows :
a. Remove both cockpit teats and seat guide rails.
WARNING
Ensure that all lines and leads to both leats are severed before removing bolts securing aeata to tracks and raila.
-
Crane Lifting.f 2)
ypical epreader bar and "yoke"noae sectionable attachment to each main landing gearat rut.
and cables lifting the main gear struts mustounds minimum each.
apreader bar and cables lifting at the cockpite aeathallapacityounds minimum.
Pneumatic Bag Lifting. (See. )
the craah aite ia inaccessiblerane, or lifting cablea, apreader
bare, bolts, etc. are unavailable, the aircraft may be lifted with pneumatic type lifting bag as follows :
a. Secure aircraft with block and tackle and ropea to preventmoving forward, backward or either aide while being lifted.
Note
All mooring ropea muat be of euffielent length to permit an upward movement of the aircraft with-oet tightening the ropea. If poaaible, all ropea ehould have padding or covering at structurepotnta.
b> If aircraft laft terrain It may be neceaeary to dig out under nacelles and fuaelage In order to place lifting baga In poaltlon.
a tarpulin under each lift point where baga will be ift bag on each tarpulin.
Note
Prior to positioning bag, check underalde offor eharp projections that may damage bag. If any aharp or rough projections are found, placs pads between baga and structure to prevent damage
.s o bag.
*. Connect hoeee to inlet connection of bag and outlet connection of engine driven Blower(a) should deliveru. ft. par minute.
CAUTION
Before startingheck all mooring ropea to ensure baga are located for greateat surface contact between bag and structure.
all baga simultaneously, unleaa terrain la such thatcauac aircraft to shift. Aa baga are inflated, alackento permit aircraft to rise evenly.
CAO TION
Keep enough tension en mooring ropes to prevent
aircraft from shifting.
g. When aircraft has reached sufficient height, support the aircraft on Its main gesr. Each bag shouldootal.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to support aircraft for tooime. Bags do not have adequate pressure-holding qualities to permit them to be used as permanent supports.
b. When aircraft is adequately supported, remove bags, pads, tar-pulins and mooring ropes.
Extension of Landing Gear. (See. )
Once the aircraft has been raised to gear extension height plus approximately six Inches above terrain, the following procedures shall be followed to extend the landing gear:
CAUTION
Ensure that the main and noae landing gear doors are clear.
3-9
ft. Pull "T" handle, located on pedestal at pilot's cockpit, to break all three gear out of the up and lacked position.
main gear should free fall and lock downewany physical force applied. However, should the main geardown apply force at the axle to complete the down and locked
nose gear will unlock and extend partially, apply force togear to complete the down and locked procedure.
bolts at each gear leek location and secure with lockrope.
Main Gear Towing. (See. )
hen towing forward from the main gear wheels, under emergency conditions, tne following procedure shall be used :
WARNING
Ensure that each main gearolt installed at each gear lock location.
CAUTION
Disconnect nose gear scissor links prior to any towing operation.
o'.'in'i
gear ASSfMBU
CYLIWfR
safety Ban
cur
upper scissors tied
AR
fc.'
Main Gear Towing.f 21
nc
main gear asssm31y
actuaiingcthnmr
gear safety bous
nose map
upper scissors tied
NOTE
iamoardwirl rope uflto DUVIM
A gear safity boeis small k
iitsialudto*imc aircram.
ton voocu shcvldee I
tomam c* noilhocksSU to stop aircraft.
foot bar inserted in axie c* nose 3ar mat mused to tjrn aircraft.
cissors to be oisconnecbo. tie upper scissors with anything USAStl.
Gear Towing.f 2)
ar of sufficient length Into the neee gear axle to permit iteering during towing.
b. Attach suitable cables or ropes around main gear atruta with protective pade.
C. Connect cable* or ropearactor.
Note
Two tractors may be uaed, one pulling on each gear.
d. Pickup the load with the tractor(a) aa smoothly aa poaalble in order to keep dynamic loadainimum.
CAUTION
Oneall be stationed at each gear locationuitable block. The aircraft has no parking rake and blocks may be uaed as stopping devices.
hen towing aft from the main gear wheels, under emergency conditions, the followingall be uaed:
a. Attach suitable cables or ropes around main gear atruta withpada.
Note
Two tractors may be used, one pulling or. each gear.
o. Pickup the load with the tractor(s) as smoothly as possible In order to keep dynamic load*inimum.
Blocks shall not be used as stopping devices when towing In the aft direction, unless absolutely neceS' sary to prevent further dam ago.
Original document.
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